CN113645539A - Hydrostatic pressure compensation device and its working parameter calculation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a hydrostatic pressure compensation device and a working parameter calculation method thereof, wherein the hydrostatic pressure compensation device is used for an electroacoustic transducer and comprises a shell structure and an elastic diaphragm, wherein the shell structure is fixedly connected with the electroacoustic transducer; the shell structure encloses a first cavity, and the elastic diaphragm divides the first cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity which are not communicated with each other; a first through hole is formed in the shell structure facing the first cavity and is used for being communicated with the inner cavity of the electroacoustic transducer; a second through hole is formed in the shell structure facing the second cavity; the electroacoustic transducer and/or the shell structure facing the first cavity are/is provided with an inflation inlet, the inflation inlet is connected with a port on one side of the valve, and a port on the other side of the valve is used for being connected with an external inflation device. The high-speed transducer can achieve high working water depth of the transducer without a precise pressure control system, is convenient and quick to install, low in manufacturing and maintaining cost, and high in reliability, high in compensation speed and high in compensation precision.

Description

Hydrostatic pressure compensation device and its working parameter calculation method

technical field

The invention relates to a passive simple hydrostatic pressure compensation device for an electro-acoustic transducer and a method for calculating its working parameters.

Background technique

There are extremely rich resources in the ocean, and the full development of marine resources depends on effective survey methods. Compared with light waves and radio waves, the energy attenuation of sound waves in water is small (its attenuation rate is one thousandth of that of electromagnetic waves), and the lower the frequency of sound waves, the longer the propagation distance in water, so low-frequency electro-acoustic conversion. Energy devices have been widely used in marine research, deep-sea resource exploration, hydroacoustic tomography and other fields.

As the working water depth increases, the hydrostatic pressure on the external mechanical structure of electroacoustic transducers (such as piezoelectric, magnetostrictive, electromagnetic, moving coil, etc.) gradually increases. If no hydrostatic pressure compensation measures are taken, the performance of the electroacoustic transducer will be seriously affected. For longitudinal vibration electromagnetic transducers and membrane electromagnetic transducers, with the increase of hydrostatic pressure, the radiation surface is compressed, so that the length of the air gap between the excitation stack and the armature gradually decreases, and the transducer works. It is more likely to saturate the magnetic circuit and even close the air gap; for the magnetostrictive transducer, the hydrostatic pressure will change the prestress applied to the rare earth material, causing the rare earth material to deviate from the optimal working point and affecting the material's expansion and contraction properties.

At present, designers will adopt different pressure compensation measures according to the structural form and working depth of the transducer:

(1) Fill the interior of the transducer with liquid, so that the working performance of the transducer is basically not affected by the water depth. The disadvantage of this method is that the transducer has a large volume and weight, and the sound source level is greatly reduced. ;

(2) The pressure-bearing material is used as the backing of the radiating surface of the transducer to strengthen the self-supporting structure, which directly affects the working characteristics of the transducer;

(3) The electronically controlled active system is used to directly charge the inner cavity of the transducer with compressed gas, so that the pressure of the inner cavity is consistent with the external hydrostatic pressure. This solution requires components such as pressure sensors, pressure valves, pneumatic circuits, electrical Control loop and complex control system as support;

(4) The overflow ring transducer and the overflow flextensional transducer adopt the overflow design, with water as the backing, and the pressure of the inner and outer cavities is the same, which is suitable for deep water work, but the coupling effect of the water backing will affect The radiated sound power of the transducer.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aiming at the problems that the existing hydrostatic pressure compensation device for electroacoustic transducer has complex structure and great influence on the working performance of the transducer, the present invention provides a passive simple hydrostatic pressure compensation device and a method for calculating its working parameters.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a hydrostatic pressure compensation device, the hydrostatic pressure compensation device is used for an electro-acoustic transducer, and includes a shell structure and an elastic diaphragm fixed in the shell structure, The elastic diaphragm is an impermeable diaphragm, and the shell structure is used for fixed connection with the electro-acoustic transducer;

The shell structure encloses a first cavity, and the elastic diaphragm divides the first cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity that are not connected to each other;

The casing structure facing the first cavity is provided with a first through hole, and the first through hole is used to communicate with the inner cavity of the electro-acoustic transducer, and the first cavity and the inner cavity of the electro-acoustic transducer can be connected. form a sealed space;

A second through hole is opened on the shell structure facing the second cavity;

The electro-acoustic transducer and/or the housing structure facing the first cavity is provided with an inflatable port, the inflatable port is connected with the port on one side of the valve, and the port on the other side of the valve is used for connecting with an external inflatable device .

In the present application, the elastic diaphragm divides the first cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity that are not connected to each other. The first cavity may communicate with the inner cavity of the electro-acoustic transducer through the first through hole. After the external inflation device is inflated through the inflation port, the gas enters the first cavity and the inner cavity of the electro-acoustic transducer, so that the elastic diaphragm moves to the side away from the first through hole. Due to the limitation of the housing structure facing the second cavity, the elastic diaphragm will not exceed the range of the inner wall of the housing structure facing the second cavity. After inflation is complete, the valve can be closed. When the electroacoustic transducer enters the water and gradually drops, the external water pressure gradually increases. The water exerts pressure on the elastic diaphragm through the second through hole, and the gas in the first cavity exerts pressure on the elastic diaphragm on the other side of the elastic diaphragm. When the air pressure in the inner cavity of the transducer is equal to that of the external water pressure, the elastic diaphragm remains stationary, and the wall surface of the transducer will not be affected by the hydrostatic pressure. The transducer continues to descend. When the air pressure in the inner cavity of the transducer is equal to the external water pressure, it is a critical state. The pressure of the transducer is equal, and the transducer wall is not affected by the hydrostatic pressure. The transducer continues to descend. When the air pressure in the inner cavity of the transducer is lower than the external water pressure, the elastic diaphragm moves toward the direction close to the first through hole until the elastic diaphragm is in complete contact with the inner wall of the shell structure facing the first cavity, In this state, since the entire volume of the first cavity and the inner cavity of the transducer is compressed, the air pressure in the inner cavity of the transducer increases, thereby resisting the increased water pressure from the outside, thereby realizing the compensation of the hydrostatic pressure.

Further, the elastic diaphragm has a first position and a second position;

When the elastic diaphragm is in the first position, the elastic diaphragm is in contact with the housing structure facing the first cavity;

When the elastic diaphragm is in the second position, the elastic diaphragm is in contact with the housing structure facing the second cavity.

Preferably, when the elastic diaphragm is in the first position, the elastic diaphragm is in contact with the inner wall of the housing structure facing the first cavity; when the elastic diaphragm is in the second position, the elastic diaphragm is in contact with the inner wall facing the second cavity The inner wall of the shell structure is fitted.

In the present application, when the elastic diaphragm is in the second position, the elastic diaphragm is attached to the inner wall of the casing structure facing the second cavity, so that the space in the first cavity of the casing structure can be effectively used, so that the electro-acoustic converter can be The pressure of the gas filled in the energy device can be larger, so as to ensure a larger working water depth. When the elastic diaphragm is in the first position, the elastic diaphragm is in contact with the inner wall of the housing structure facing the first cavity, so that when the elastic diaphragm is subjected to external hydrostatic pressure, it can completely fit the inner wall of the first housing, thereby The space in the first cavity is effectively utilized, so that the compensation device of the present application can function in a wide range of water depths (that is, the difference between the maximum working water depth and the minimum working water depth is large).

Further, the hydrostatic pressure compensation device also includes a three-way joint, and the first connection end, the second connection end, and the third connection end of the three-way joint are respectively connected with the first through hole and the inflator on the electro-acoustic transducer. The port and the port on one side of the valve are correspondingly connected, and the port on the other side of the valve is used to communicate with an external inflation device;

The three-way joint, the electro-acoustic transducer, and the shell structure are fixedly connected.

In the present application, through the above arrangement, when inflation is required, the valve can be opened, and the inner cavity and the first cavity of the electro-acoustic transducer can be inflated by using an external inflation device. After inflation is complete, the valve can be closed. Since the first through hole and the air-filling port on the electro-acoustic transducer are respectively connected with the two connecting ends of the tee joint, the inner cavity of the electro-acoustic transducer and the first cavity are kept in a connected state, so the two air pressures are the same. .

Further, a vent is provided on the electro-acoustic transducer, a communication pipe is provided between the electro-acoustic transducer and the casing structure, and the openings at both ends of the communication pipe are respectively connected with the vent and the first through hole. Corresponding connection.

In the present application, by providing a vent, the inner cavity of the electro-acoustic transducer can be kept in a communication state with the first cavity, so that the two air pressures are the same.

Further, the material of the elastic diaphragm is silicone rubber, fluorine rubber or vulcanized rubber.

Preferably, the hardness of the material is below 75HS.

Further, the casing structure includes a first casing and a second casing that are connected to each other, and the first casing and the second casing enclose a first cavity;

The elastic diaphragm is clamped and fixed between the first shell and the second shell;

The first casing and the elastic diaphragm enclose a first cavity, and the second casing and the elastic diaphragm enclose a second cavity;

The first through hole is opened on the first casing, and the second through hole is opened on the second casing;

Preferably, the shapes of the first shell and the second shell are hemispherical, and the shape of the first cavity is spherical.

Through the above arrangement, the structure of the present application is simple and the processing is convenient. By setting the shape of the first shell and the second shell to be hemispherical, the elastic diaphragm can be completely fitted with the inner wall of the second shell when initially filled with gas, thereby effectively utilizing the first cavity of the shell structure. The space is large, so that the pressure of the gas filled in the electroacoustic transducer can be larger, thereby ensuring a larger working water depth. By setting the shape of the first casing and the second casing to be hemispherical, the elastic diaphragm can completely fit the inner wall of the first casing when subjected to external hydrostatic pressure, thereby effectively utilizing the space in the first cavity. The water depth range in which the compensation device of the present application can function is large (that is, the difference between the maximum working water depth and the minimum working water depth is large).

Further, the position where the first shell is in contact with the elastic diaphragm is coated with waterproof glue. Through the above arrangement, the tightness of the first cavity can be ensured.

Further, the wall surface of the second casing is a hollow structure.

Through the above arrangement, it is convenient to observe the position of the elastic diaphragm during inflation.

Further, a first flange is installed at the end of the first shell with a larger radius, and a second flange opposite to the first flange is installed at the end of the second shell with a larger radius. A flange plate and a second flange plate are fixedly connected by a plurality of fastening structures arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction; the elastic plate is clamped and fixed between the first flange plate and the second flange plate Diaphragm; each fastening structure passes through the elastic diaphragm.

Through the above arrangement, the fixed connection between the first casing, the elastic diaphragm and the second casing is facilitated.

The present invention also provides a method for calculating the working parameters of the above hydrostatic pressure compensation device, which uses the following formula to calculate the maximum working water depth h _max :

_Wherein , Vs is the inner cavity volume of the electroacoustic transducer _{( 20} ), Vc is the volume of the first cavity when the electroacoustic transducer just enters the water; P0 is the first cavity volume when the electroacoustic transducer just enters the water The relative air pressure value of the cavity, the standard atmospheric pressure P _atm =1atm, the density of water ρ =1000kg/m ³ , the acceleration of gravity g =9.8m/s ² ;

Use the following formula to calculate the minimum working water depth h ₁ of the hydrostatic pressure compensation device:

。

.

The hydrostatic pressure compensation device proposed by the present invention has a series of advantages:

1) High transducer working water depth can be achieved without a precise pressure control system.

2) Easy and fast installation, low production and maintenance costs, high reliability, high compensation speed and high compensation accuracy.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application more clearly, the following briefly introduces the drawings that are used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative labor.

1 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of a casing structure of a hydrostatic pressure compensation device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of the first casing in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the elastic diaphragm in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 4 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of the second casing in FIG. 1 .

Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7 are the position schematic diagrams of elastic diaphragm when the electroacoustic transducer and compensating device of the present invention are located in different water depths;

8 is a schematic structural diagram in which the external inflatable device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is an electro-acoustic transducer and the first cavity is inflated;

9 is a schematic structural diagram of the external inflatable device in Embodiment 2 of the present invention being an electro-acoustic transducer and inflating the first cavity;

10 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the gas volume and the air pressure during slow compression according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

The present application provides a hydrostatic pressure compensation device for an electro-acoustic transducer under water, which can achieve a higher working water depth of the transducer without requiring a complex pressure control system, and is convenient and quick to install, low in maintenance cost, and has high reliability. performance, high compensation speed and high compensation accuracy.

As shown in Figure 1-8, a passive simple hydrostatic pressure compensation device. The hydrostatic pressure compensation device includes a casing structure, an elastic diaphragm 3 fixed in the casing structure, the elastic diaphragm 3 is a water-impermeable diaphragm, and the casing structure is used for fixed connection with the electro-acoustic transducer 20 . The casing structure encloses a first cavity, and the elastic diaphragm 3 divides the first cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity that are not connected to each other.

The electro-acoustic transducer 20 is provided with an inflatable port 201 , the inflatable port 201 is connected to one side port of the valve 5 , and the other side port of the valve 5 is used for connecting with an external inflatable device 30 . In this embodiment, the valve 5 adopts a ball valve.

The hydrostatic pressure compensation device further includes a tee joint 4, the first connection end, the second connection end and the third connection end of the tee joint 4 are respectively connected with the first through hole 101 and the holes on the electroacoustic transducer 20. The inflation port 201 and the port on one side of the valve 5 are in corresponding communication, and the port on the other side of the valve 5 is used to communicate with an external inflation device. The communication pipe 6 can communicate between the gas filling port 201 of the electro-acoustic transducer 20 and the second connection end of the three-way interface 4 . The communication tube 6 can be an EVA spring tube. The electro-acoustic transducer 20 and the housing structure may be connected by a fastening structure. For the three-way interface 4 of the present application, each connection end is in communication with each other, that is, the inflation port 201 of the electro-acoustic transducer 20 is kept in communication with the first through hole 101 . Since the third connection end is connected to the valve 5, when the valve 5 is closed, that is, the third connection end is not in communication with the outside air.

The external inflator 30 may employ an air compressor. Before entering the water, open the ball valve, and use the air compressor to fill the first cavity of the transducer and the compensation device with a certain pressure of compressed air through the three-way joint 4. Close the ball valve, and the transducer and compensation device can enter the water. If the environment is relatively humid, it can be evacuated first, and then filled with compressed gas. The compressed gas charged is relatively dry, so as not to damage the insulation inside the transducer.

The three-way joint 4, the electro-acoustic transducer 20, and the shell structure are fixedly connected.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the casing structure includes a first casing 1 and a second casing 2 that are connected to each other, and the first casing 1 and the second casing 2 enclose a first cavity. The elastic diaphragm 3 is sandwiched and fixed between the first casing 1 and the second casing 2 . The contact surface of the first casing 1 and the elastic diaphragm 3 can be coated with waterproof glue to further ensure the water tightness of the device.

As shown in FIG. 8 , the first casing 1 and the elastic diaphragm 3 enclose a first cavity, and the second casing 2 and the elastic diaphragm 3 enclose a second cavity.

As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 4 , a first through hole 101 is formed at the end of the outer wall surface of the first casing 1 . A second through hole 102 is defined at the end of the outer wall surface of the second casing 2 . The number of the second through holes 102 may be multiple. The wall surface of the second shell 2 is a hollow structure. When the hydrostatic pressure compensation device enters the water, the external liquid enters the inside of the casing structure through the second through hole 102 , thereby acting on the elastic diaphragm 3 .

The first through hole 101 of the first housing 1 has an internal thread for connecting the first connection end of the tee joint 4 . The contact surface of the tee joint 4 and the through hole can be coated with waterproof glue, or the thread of the tee joint 4 can be wrapped with raw material tape to ensure water tightness. The connection between the ball valve and the three-way joint 4 can also be treated similarly.

The first through hole 101 is used to communicate with the inner cavity of the electro-acoustic transducer 20 , and the first cavity and the inner cavity of the electro-acoustic transducer 20 can form a sealed space.

The geometric dimensions of the first casing 1 and the second casing 2 can be completely consistent. Each housing contains hemispherical walls and flanges. The hemispherical structure has good pressure bearing capacity.

The wall thicknesses of the first casing 1 and the second casing 2 may be greater than or equal to 3 mm. If the working water depth is higher than 100m, the thickness of the hemispherical wall should be appropriately increased according to the working water depth. Those skilled in the art can understand how to set the thickness of the device according to the working water depth.

A first flange 11 is installed at the end of the first shell 1 with a larger radius, and a second flange 21 opposite to the first flange 11 is installed at the end of the second shell 2 with a larger radius. The first flange 11 and the second flange 21 are fixedly connected by a plurality of fastening structures arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction; the first flange 11 and the second flange 21 are clamped between The elastic diaphragm 3 is fixed; each fastening structure passes through the elastic diaphragm 3 .

A plurality of third through holes 103 are distributed on the first flange 11 at equal distances along the circumferential direction.

A plurality of fourth through holes 104 are distributed on the second flange 21 at equal distances in the circumferential direction.

The material of the elastic diaphragm 3 is silicon rubber, fluorine rubber or vulcanized rubber. Preferably, the hardness of the material is below 75HS.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the shape of the elastic diaphragm 3 is circular, and a plurality of fifth through holes 105 are equally spaced along the circumferential direction of the elastic diaphragm 3 . The arrangement of the plurality of fifth through holes 105 corresponds to the plurality of third through holes. 104. The arrangement of the plurality of fourth through holes 104 is the same. When the inner space is not filled with compressed air, the elastic diaphragm 3 is not stretched, and its shape is flat.

The bolts pass through the third through hole 103 , the fifth through hole 105 , and the fourth through hole 104 in sequence, so as to fixedly connect the first flange 11 , the elastic diaphragm 3 , and the second flange 21 .

The materials of the first casing 1 and the second casing 2 have relatively high rigidity, and can be hard materials, preferably 304 stainless steel, glass fiber reinforced plastics, and the like.

After the transducer enters the water together with the hydrostatic pressure compensation device, within a certain water depth range, the pressure of the internal space of the transducer is consistent with the external hydrostatic pressure, and the radiating surface of the transducer will not be deformed under pressure when no excitation is applied. Purpose of hydrostatic pressure compensation.

As shown in Figure 5-7, before entering the water, after opening the ball valve and filling with compressed air, the elastic diaphragm 3 expands and deforms under the action of the pressure difference on both sides, and is close to the hemispherical wall of the second shell 2, and its shape is surface, see Figure 5. When the working water depth is less than the minimum working water depth, the pressure inside the hydrostatic pressure compensation device is stronger than the hydrostatic pressure. Hydrostatic pressure compensation devices do not have pressure compensation capabilities. After closing the ball valve, entering the water and reaching the minimum working water depth, as the working water depth increases, the shape of the elastic diaphragm 3 will gradually change from a curved surface to a flat surface, and will extend and deform toward the side of the first shell 1, and its shape will become a curved surface again. As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7. When the maximum working water depth is reached, the elastic diaphragm 3 will be in close contact with the hemispherical wall of the first housing 1 . At this time, the interior of the hydrostatic pressure compensation device is filled with liquid and no longer has the capability of hydrostatic pressure compensation.

In this application, the minimum working water depth refers to the position of the water depth where the transducer is located when the air pressure in the inner cavity of the transducer is the same as the external water pressure.

Whether the elastic diaphragm 3 is compressed by the external water and moves to the left is not greatly affected by the second shell 2, mainly due to the relationship between the external water pressure and the internal pressure of the compensation device, that is, the main function of the second shell 2 is to inflate on the shore. , limit the volume of the elastic diaphragm 3 after inflation is not too large.

After the compensation device of the present application is inflated, the elastic diaphragm 3 can be in a stretched state. When it is in a certain water depth after entering the water, that is, when the plane of the elastic diaphragm 3 is just between the first shell 1 and the second shell 2, the elastic diaphragm 3 is in a normal non-stretching state, and the rest of the water depths are in a stretched state. A special spherical film can also be made. When the deck is not inflated, the elastic diaphragm 3 contacts the shell after inflation, which is a normal state. After entering the water, if the elastic diaphragm 3 contacts the inner wall of the first shell 1 or the inner wall of the second shell 2 At this time, the elastic diaphragm 3 is in a normal non-stretching state, and in other states, it is a stretched state.

The hydrostatic pressure compensation device is connected with the electro-acoustic transducer via the tee joint 4 and the EVA spring tube. The inner space of the first air of the hydrostatic pressure compensation device and the inner space of the electro-acoustic transducer are communicated with each other, and the pressures of the two are kept the same.

In the present application, the electroacoustic transducer may be fixed to the hull or to the buoy by means of a cable.

The compensation device of the present application is preferably arranged at a position where the displacement of the transducer is small. For example, if the electro-acoustic transducer is extended and retracted in the length direction of the electro-acoustic transducer, the air-filling port 201 can be provided in the middle of the electro-acoustic transducer in the length direction, and Fix the middle position with the compensation device. That is, the compensation device of the present application is preferably arranged at a position away from the end where the electroacoustic transducer vibrates the most.

Example 2

As shown in FIG. 9 , the difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that the three-way interface 4 is not provided in this embodiment. The electro-acoustic transducer 20 is provided with a vent 202, a communication pipe 6 is provided between the electro-acoustic transducer 20 and the casing structure, and the openings at both ends of the communication pipe 6 are respectively connected with the vent 202 and the first and second ends. A through hole 101 is correspondingly connected. The communication pipe 6 can be connected to the first through hole 101 through the threaded interface 7 .

Example 3

The difference between Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 1 is that, in addition to the first through hole 101, an inflation port is provided on the first housing 1, and the inflation port is connected to the port on one side of the valve, and the port on the other side of the valve is connected to an external inflation device 30 connections. That is, the filling gas first enters the first cavity through the filling port, and then enters the inner cavity of the electro-acoustic transducer through the first through hole 101 .

Example 4

The present invention also provides a method for calculating the working parameters of the above hydrostatic pressure compensation device, characterized in that the following formula is used to calculate the maximum working water depth h _max :

Wherein, Vs is the inner cavity volume of the electroacoustic transducer 20, Vc is the volume of the first cavity when the electroacoustic transducer ₂₀ just _enters the water _; P0 is the first cavity volume when the electroacoustic transducer 20 just enters the water The relative air pressure value of the cavity, the standard atmospheric pressure P _atm =1atm, the density of water ρ =1000kg/m ³ , the acceleration of gravity g =9.8m/s ² ;

Use the following formula to calculate the minimum working water depth h ₁ of the hydrostatic pressure compensation device:

。

.

The size of the minimum working water depth h ₁ , the maximum working water depth h _max and the pressure P ₀ of the compressed air before entering the water, the volume V _s of the internal space of the electro-acoustic transducer, the first time the electro-acoustic transducer 20 first enters the water The volume V _c of the cavity is related and can be estimated by the following method. Here, since the volume of the elastic diaphragm 3 is small, when the electro-acoustic transducer 20 just enters the water, the elastic diaphragm 3 is close to the inner wall of the second housing 2, so the volume of the first cavity is approximated as an electro-acoustic transducer 20 The volume of the first cavity just after entering the water.

As shown in Figure 10, it is the compression process of an ideal gas. The isotherm corresponds to a slow compression process in which the temperature of the gas does not change and the product of the pressure P and the volume V of the gas is a constant value, ie P ₁ V ₁ = P ₂ V ₂ = const . In this formula, P ₁ and P ₂ are absolute air pressure values. When the transducer is lowered, it is a process of slow compression by the external water pressure, so the formula of slow compression is adopted.

h ₁ refers to the water depth at which the volume of the compensation device just does not change. The range from h ₁ to h _max is the working depth range of the compensation device.

A pressure gauge can be attached by opening a hole on the wall of the transducer, or the air pressure P ₀ filled with compressed air before entering the water can be read through the pressure gauge of the air compressor itself, or an air pressure measuring unit can be set in the first cavity .

Take a project example as an example, V _s =7L, V _c =13L. If the compressed air with the relative air pressure value P ₀ =1.5 atm (that is, the absolute air pressure value is 2.5 atm) is charged, the minimum working water depth is 15m and the maximum working water depth is 61m. If the maximum working water depth is to be increased, the pressure of the compressed air should be increased or the inner diameter of the first cavity of the hydrostatic pressure compensation device should be increased, thereby increasing the volume of the first cavity.

It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. For the same and similar parts among the various embodiments, refer to each other Can.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the above contents are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be considered to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made according to the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of this patent. Modifications of various equivalent forms of the present invention by those skilled in the art after reading the present invention all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of the present application. Embodiments of the invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

Claims (10)

1. A hydrostatic pressure compensation device for an electroacoustic transducer (20), comprising a housing structure, an elastic membrane (3) fixed within the housing structure, the elastic membrane (3) being a water-impermeable membrane, the housing structure being adapted to be fixedly connected to the electroacoustic transducer (20);

the shell structure is enclosed into a first cavity, and the elastic diaphragm (3) divides the first cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity which are not communicated with each other;

a first through hole (101) is formed in the shell structure facing the first cavity, the first through hole (101) is used for being communicated with the inner cavity of the electroacoustic transducer (20), and the first cavity and the inner cavity of the electroacoustic transducer (20) can form a sealed space;

a second through hole (102) is formed in the shell structure facing the second cavity;

an air inflation port (201) is formed in the electroacoustic transducer (20) and/or the shell structure facing the first cavity, the air inflation port (201) is connected with a port on one side of the valve (5), and a port on the other side of the valve (5) is used for being connected with an external air inflation device (30).

2. Hydrostatic pressure compensating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic diaphragm (3) has a first position, a second position;

when the elastic diaphragm (3) is in the first position, the elastic diaphragm (3) is in contact with the housing structure facing the first cavity;

when the elastic diaphragm (3) is in the second position, the elastic diaphragm (3) is in contact with the housing structure facing the second cavity;

preferably, when the elastic membrane (3) is in the first position, said elastic membrane (3) is in abutment with the inner wall of the shell structure facing the first cavity; when the elastic diaphragm (3) is in the second position, the elastic diaphragm (3) is attached to the inner wall of the shell structure facing the second cavity.

3. The hydrostatic pressure compensation device according to claim 1, further comprising a tee joint (4), wherein the first connection end, the second connection end and the third connection end of the tee joint (4) are respectively communicated with the first through hole (101), the inflation port (201) on the electroacoustic transducer (20) and a port on one side of the valve (5), and the port on the other side of the valve (5) is communicated with an external inflation device;

the three-way joint (4), the electroacoustic transducer (20) and the shell structure are fixedly connected.

4. The hydrostatic pressure compensation device according to claim 1, wherein the electroacoustic transducer (20) is provided with an air vent (202), a communication pipe (6) is arranged between the electroacoustic transducer (20) and the housing structure, and openings at two ends of the communication pipe (6) are respectively and correspondingly communicated with the air vent (202) and the first through hole (101).

5. Hydrostatic pressure compensating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the material of the elastic membrane (3) is silicone rubber, fluoro-rubber or vulcanized rubber;

preferably, the hardness of the material is below 75 HS.

6. The hydrostatic pressure compensation device according to claim 1, wherein the housing structure includes a first housing (1) and a second housing (2) connected to each other, the first housing (1) and the second housing (2) enclosing a first cavity;

the elastic diaphragm (3) is clamped and fixed between the first shell (1) and the second shell (2);

the first shell (1) and the elastic diaphragm (3) enclose a first cavity, and the second shell (2) and the elastic diaphragm (3) enclose a second cavity;

the first through hole is formed in the first shell (1), and the second through hole is formed in the second shell (2);

preferably, the first shell (1) and the second shell (2) are both hemispherical in shape, and the first cavity is spherical in shape.

7. Hydrostatic pressure compensating device according to claim 6, characterized in that the first shell (1) is coated with a waterproof glue in the contact position with the elastic membrane (3).

8. Hydrostatic pressure compensation device according to claim 6, characterized in that the wall of the second shell (2) is of hollowed-out construction.

9. A hydrostatic pressure compensating device according to claim 6, wherein a first flange (11) is mounted at one end of the first shell (1) with the larger radius, a second flange (21) opposite to the first flange (11) is mounted at one end of the second shell (2) with the larger radius, and the first flange (11) and the second flange (21) are fixedly connected through a plurality of fastening structures arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction; the elastic diaphragm (3) is clamped and fixed between the first flange plate (11) and the second flange plate (21); each fastening structure passes through the elastic diaphragm (3).

10. A method for calculating operating parameters of a hydrostatic pressure compensating device as claimed in any of claims 1 to 9, wherein the maximum operating water depth is calculated using the following equationh _max：

Wherein,V _s is the inner cavity volume of the electroacoustic transducer (20),V _c is the volume of the first cavity when the electroacoustic transducer (20) is just entering water;P ₀is the relative air pressure value of the first cavity when the electroacoustic transducer (20) just enters water, namely standard atmospheric pressureP _atm =1atm, density of waterρ=1000kg/m³Acceleration of gravityg=9.8m/s²；

Calculating the minimum working water depth of the hydrostatic pressure compensation device by using the following formulah ₁：

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