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CN113619233B - Preparation process of non-woven fabric capable of replacing natural wood veneer - Google Patents

Preparation process of non-woven fabric capable of replacing natural wood veneer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113619233B
CN113619233B CN202111042344.5A CN202111042344A CN113619233B CN 113619233 B CN113619233 B CN 113619233B CN 202111042344 A CN202111042344 A CN 202111042344A CN 113619233 B CN113619233 B CN 113619233B
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melting
spray
layer
hot roll
hot
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CN113619233A (en
Inventor
徐波
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Hangzhou Hengbang Industrial Co ltd
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Hangzhou Hengbang Industrial Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/028—Net structure, e.g. spaced apart filaments bonded at the crossing points
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47B—TABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
    • A47B96/00—Details of cabinets, racks or shelf units not covered by a single one of groups A47B43/00 - A47B95/00; General details of furniture
    • A47B96/20—Furniture panels or like furniture elements
    • A47B96/205—Composite panels, comprising several elements joined together
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B32B21/10—Next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B29/00—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard
    • B32B29/02—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
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    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
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    • B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
    • B32B37/15—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer being manufactured and immediately laminated before reaching its stable state, e.g. in which a layer is extruded and laminated while in semi-molten state
    • B32B37/153—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer being manufactured and immediately laminated before reaching its stable state, e.g. in which a layer is extruded and laminated while in semi-molten state at least one layer is extruded and immediately laminated while in semi-molten state
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    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
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    • B32B5/08—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer the fibres or filaments of a layer being of different substances, e.g. conjugate fibres, mixture of different fibres
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    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
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    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/541—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres
    • D04H1/5418—Mixed fibres, e.g. at least two chemically different fibres or fibre blends
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/56—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving in association with fibre formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion of staple fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H5/02—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by mechanical methods, e.g. needling
    • D04H5/03—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by mechanical methods, e.g. needling by fluid jet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
    • B32B37/24—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer not being coherent before laminating, e.g. made up from granular material sprinkled onto a substrate
    • B32B2037/243—Coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/02—Coating on the layer surface on fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/26—Polymeric coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
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    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
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    • B32B2262/062—Cellulose fibres, e.g. cotton
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/01—Natural vegetable fibres
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    • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
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    • D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of non-woven fabric manufacturing, and discloses a preparation process and application of spunlace non-woven fabric with shells replacing natural veneers, wherein the preparation process comprises the following steps: s1, preparing a base layer fiber web; s2: performing positive and negative spunlace; s3: mangle drying; s4: primary spray melting; s5: preparing a barrier layer; s6: secondary spray melting; s7: and (6) hot rolling and forming. The non-woven fabric prepared by the process can replace natural veneers in the field of furniture boards, the formaldehyde content of the prepared furniture boards is obviously reduced, and the non-woven fabric is more energy-saving and environment-friendly.

Description

Preparation process of non-woven fabric capable of replacing natural wood veneer
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of non-woven fabric manufacturing, in particular to a preparation process of a spunlace non-woven fabric capable of replacing natural wood veneers.
Background
Nonwoven fabrics, also known as nonwovens, are composed of oriented or random fibers and are referred to as fabrics because of their appearance and certain properties. The non-woven fabric has the advantages of moisture resistance, air permeability, flexibility, light weight, no combustion supporting, easy decomposition, no toxicity or irritation, rich color, low price, recycling and the like, and is simple to manufacture, low in cost and very wide in application. The non-woven fabric has wide application, and common non-woven fabrics are used for mask, wet tissue, mask base materials and the like.
At present, the non-woven fabric is hardly applied to the field of furniture boards, some furniture boards usually adopt technical wood (an artificial composite board) as a substrate, natural veneers are adhered to the surface layer of the technical wood, and because natural wood easily has defects such as tree scars, insect eyes and the like, the defects such as the tree scars, the insect eyes and the like which affect the beauty can also exist on the surface layer of the natural veneers, and in order to cover the defects and make the surface of the board more beautiful, the natural veneers are usually finally required to be pasted with film-coated paper (common decorative paper is difficult to cover the defects of the natural veneers). The coated paper is impregnated paper which is prepared by impregnating special paper (decorative paper or panel paper) with amino resin (mainly melamine resin) or phenolic resin, drying to a certain curing degree, and adhering the coated paper on the surface of a natural wood veneer through hot pressing or colloid to form a paint-free furniture plate. The surface areas of a plurality of plates are large, the surface areas of the natural veneers are influenced by the sizes of the solid wood, the natural veneers are required to be bonded into a whole sheet with the size matched with the base plate through a large amount of bonding agents, the density and the material uniformity of the natural veneers are difficult to control, and the surface layers of the coated paper are cracked and wrinkled after the furniture plates are used for a long time due to material density difference, bonding gaps and the like, so that the attractiveness is seriously influenced; and the coated paper is gummed paper, the amino resin and the phenolic resin contain a large amount of formaldehyde, and the furniture prepared by the plate has high formaldehyde content and has adverse effect on human bodies.
The applicant is dedicated to research and development and manufacture of non-woven fabrics, finds that natural wood veneers and coated paper in the field of furniture boards have great defects, and assumes that the non-woven fabrics are used for replacing the natural wood veneers in the furniture boards, the non-woven fabrics are directly bonded with the surface layer of the technical wood by adopting the water-based colloid, and then the decorative paper is bonded with the non-woven fabrics, so that the defects of the natural wood veneers and the coated paper are overcome. However, due to the great difference between the physical properties (cohesiveness, strength, water resistance, etc.) of the non-woven fabric and the natural veneer, the applicant finds that the whole aesthetic property of the prepared plate is poor after the existing non-woven fabric is directly replaced by the natural veneer. The adhesion is poor (the hydroscopicity and the caking property of the non-woven fabric and natural wood are greatly different) when the non-woven fabric is bonded with the substrate through the hydrocolloid, the requirement on the bonding strength cannot be met, after the dosage of the hydrocolloid is increased, the colloid easily penetrates through the non-woven fabric and the hydrocolloid is solidified to form a glass state, the shielding performance of the decorative paper is much worse than that of the laminating paper, various glue spots exist on the surface of the whole board when the decorative paper looks from the outside, and the attractive effect of the furniture board cannot be achieved. Therefore, how to improve the preparation process of the non-woven fabric and improve the performance of the non-woven fabric to achieve the effect of replacing the natural veneer in the board is a technical problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of the application of natural wood veneer and film-coated paper in the prior art in the furniture board, and provides a preparation process of spunlace non-woven fabric capable of replacing the natural wood veneer.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation process of non-woven fabric capable of replacing natural wood veneer comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of a base layer fiber web: preparing fibers according to the following parts by weight: 5-10 parts of polypropylene long fibers, 10-15 parts of viscose fibers, 6-12 parts of bamboo fibers and 3-7 parts of polyester fibers, wherein the fibers are mixed, opened and then carded into a base layer fiber net by a carding machine; s2: and (3) positive and negative spunlace: drawing the base layer limiting net to a spunlace area for forward and reverse spunlacing; s3: mangle drying: the spunlaced fiber web is subjected to mangling by a mangle and then dried; s4: primary spray melting: drawing the dried semi-finished non-woven fabric to a first spray-melting area, and carrying out spray melting on two sides of the base limiting net by an upper spray-melting die head and a lower spray-melting die head of the first spray-melting area to form an upper spray-melting layer I and a lower spray-melting layer I after spray melting;
s5: preparing a barrier layer: coating environment-friendly glue on the outer surfaces of the upper spray melting layer I and the lower spray melting layer I, wherein the environment-friendly glue contains 10-15% of water absorbing powder by mass percent, an upper barrier layer is formed after the environment-friendly glue on the surface of the upper spray melting layer I is dried, and a lower barrier layer is formed after the environment-friendly glue on the surface of the lower spray melting layer I is dried; s6: secondary spray melting: drawing the semi-finished non-woven fabric processed in the step S5 to a second spraying and melting area, spraying and melting the outer surface of the upper barrier layer by an upper spraying and melting die head of the second spraying and melting area to form an upper spraying and melting layer II, and spraying and melting the outer surface of the lower barrier layer by a lower spraying and melting die head of the second spraying and melting area to form a lower spraying and melting layer II; s7: hot rolling and forming: and (4) feeding the semi-finished non-woven fabric subjected to secondary spray melting into a hot rolling area for hot rolling, and preparing a finished non-woven fabric product after hot rolling.
The base layer fiber web is mainly made of polypropylene long fibers and viscose fibers, and then is matched with bamboo fibers with high content, the overall crease resistance and bending resistance of the base layer fiber web are improved through the bamboo fibers, and meanwhile, the polyester fibers have good tensile property, crease resistance and high elasticity and wear resistance through being matched with polyester fibers, so that the non-woven fabric prepared through the spunlace process has good crease resistance and bending resistance at half cost, and the stretching deformation amount in the transverse and longitudinal directions is small; after primary spray melting, an upper spray melting layer I and a lower spray melting layer I are respectively formed on two sides of a base layer fiber net, the fiber layers prepared through the spray melting process are very compact and compact, and have very small pores, and then the pores of the upper spray melting layer I and the pores of the lower spray melting layer I are sealed by the environment-friendly glue through coating the environment-friendly glue containing water absorbing powder, so that an upper blocking layer and a lower blocking layer with high water-resisting performance are formed; secondary spray-fusing to form an upper spray-fusing layer II and a lower spray-fusing layer II, finally, hot-rolling all fiber layers into a finished non-woven fabric product through a hot rolling process, wherein the two outer surfaces of the finished non-woven fabric product are respectively provided with the upper spray-fusing layer II and the lower spray-fusing layer II, the upper spray-fusing layer II and the lower spray-fusing layer II are provided with a large number of tiny pores, when the finished non-woven fabric product is used for replacing a natural veneer for a furniture plate, the lower spray-fusing layer II is bonded with a technical wood after being coated with water-based environment-friendly glue, the lower spray-fusing layer II is connected with decorative paper after being coated with water-based environment-friendly glue, the water-based environment-friendly glue can be well permeated with the compact and porous upper spray-fusing layer II and the lower spray-fusing layer II to improve the bonding performance, meanwhile, the upper blocking layer II, the lower blocking layer inside the lower spray-fusing layer II and the lower blocking layer play a good role in blocking on the water-based environment-friendly glue to prevent the water-based environment-friendly glue from completely permeating the blocking layer, and the water-absorbing powder is contained in the upper blocking layer and the lower blocking layer, the adhesive can absorb residual water-based environment-friendly adhesive, prevent the adhesive from excessively penetrating through non-woven fabrics, replace furniture boards made of natural veneers with the non-woven fabrics, has very close physical properties to the existing boards, saves wood, saves adhesives such as amino resin and phenolic resin, and is safer and more environment-friendly.
Preferably, in step S4, the upper and lower meltblowing dies of the first meltblowing zone are symmetrically distributed and synchronously melt-blown, and the polymer melts in the upper and lower meltblowing dies are all formed by mixing the following materials in parts by weight: 9-15 parts of polypropylene and 4-6 parts of ES bonding fiber; the melt flow index of the polymer melt is 185-215g/10min, the temperatures of the upper spray-melting die head and the lower spray-melting die head are 225-255 ℃, the air flow injection angles in the upper spray-melting die head and the lower spray-melting die head are 45-55 degrees, the pressures of the hot air flows in the upper spray-melting die head and the lower spray-melting die head are 0.12-0.18 MPa, and the extrusion capacity of the polymer melt is 0.14-0.8 g/hole/min. The melt flow index refers to the weight gram of a melt flowing out in 10 minutes at a certain temperature of a press, and the larger the melt flow index is, the lower the strength of the fibers formed by spray melting is; the upper spray-melted layer I and the lower spray-melted layer I which are prepared by mixing, spraying and melting polypropylene and ES bonding fibers with the melt flow index of 185-215g/10min have good transverse and longitudinal tensile strength, the transverse and longitudinal tensile strength of the non-woven fabric is further increased, and the transverse and longitudinal elastic deformation quantity is reduced; simultaneously, the fiber pores of the upper melt-blown layer I and the lower melt-blown layer I are smaller than the fiber pores of the base layer fiber web, the environment-friendly glue can be prevented from penetrating through the base layer non-woven fabric when the barrier layer and the lower barrier layer are prepared subsequently, and the barrier layer and the lower barrier layer can be formed by utilizing less environment-friendly glue.
Preferably, in step S5, the environmental protection adhesive is polyvinyl alcohol environmental protection adhesive, and the water-absorbing powder is polyacrylate type super absorbent resin powder.
Preferably, the environment-friendly glue coated on the surface of the lower spray-melted layer I contains an earthy yellow pigment, and the color of the lower barrier layer formed by drying is earthy yellow. When replacing natural veneer and using, spout barrier layer, lower barrier layer orientation science and technology wood on the layer down, color barrier layer down, reduce the permeability of non-woven fabrics to improve the performance of the masking science and technology wood epidermis flaw of non-woven fabrics
Preferably, in step S6, the upper and lower meltblowing dies of the second meltblowing zone are synchronously melt-blown in a staggered manner, the polymer melt in the upper meltblowing die is polyurethane with a melt flow index of 695-. When the non-woven fabric replaces a natural veneer for use, the lower side of the non-woven fabric is bonded with a technical wood through the water-based environment-friendly glue, the upper side of the non-woven fabric is bonded with the decorative paper through the water-based environment-friendly glue, materials bonded on two sides of the non-woven fabric are different, the viscosity and the viscosity of the materials are also different, and the strength and the smoothness of the bonding side of the non-woven fabric and the decorative paper directly determine the surface quality of a final plate, so that the lower spray-melting layer II is made of polypropylene, the porosity of the lower spray-melting layer II made of polypropylene through spray melting is large, the water-based environment-friendly glue can be absorbed, and the bonding performance of the non-woven fabric and the technical wood is improved; the polyurethane is good in stability, good in oil resistance, sound insulation, heat insulation and high in hardness, after the upper spraying melting layer II made of the polyurethane through spraying and melting is bonded with the decorative paper, the decorative paper is more smooth, the surface is not easy to deform under pressure, and meanwhile, the polyurethane is also an adhesive material and can be reliably bonded with the decorative paper through a small amount of water-based environment-friendly adhesive.
Preferably, in step S6, the temperature of the upper spray-melting die head is 185-215 ℃, the pressure of hot air flow in the upper spray-melting die head is 0.25-0.32Mpa, the extrusion amount of the polymer melt in the upper spray-melting die head is 0.14-0.6g/hole/min, and the jet angle of air flow in the upper spray-melting die head is 80-105 degrees; the temperature of the lower spray-melting die head is 205-235 ℃, the pressure of hot air flow in the lower spray-melting die head is 0.20-0.28Mpa, the extrusion quantity of polymer melt in the lower spray-melting die head is 0.2-0.8g/hole/min, and the air flow injection angle in the lower spray-melting die head is 80-105 degrees. The upper spray-melting die head adopts a larger spray angle, so that the component of the melt in the axial direction of a spinneret orifice is increased, and the included angle between the fibers in the upper spray-melting layer II and the plane is larger, so that the upper spray-melting layer II has smaller deformation amount when being subjected to pressure in the vertical direction (the surface of the manufactured plate is not easy to deform when being pressed); lower spout the melting die head and adopt less injection angle for the fuse-element reduces at the axis direction's of spinneret orifice component, and the fibre in lower spout melting layer II reduces with the contained angle between the plane, and the thickness increase and the hole of lower spout melting layer II are very fine and close, absorb the glue of sufficient volume in order to ensure with the bonding property of technical wood when being favorable to follow-up and technical wood to bond.
Preferably, the non-woven fabric semi-finished product after the secondary spray melting enters an air cooling area for cooling, and the non-woven fabric semi-finished product after cooling enters a hot rolling area. And (5) cooling the sprayed and melted non-woven fabric semi-finished product by air and then shaping.
Preferably, the hot rolling area in step S7 is provided with two groups of hot rolls, the first group of hot rolls includes an upper hot roll i and a lower hot roll i, the second group of hot rolls includes an upper hot roll ii and a lower hot roll ii, the semi-finished non-woven fabric sequentially passes through the first group of hot rolls and the second group of hot rolls, the upper fusion layer ii contacts with the upper hot roll i and the upper hot roll ii, the lower fusion layer ii contacts with the lower hot roll i and the lower hot roll ii, the upper hot roll i, the upper hot roll ii and the lower hot roll i are smooth-surfaced hot rolls with smooth and flat circumferential surfaces, and the lower hot roll ii is a salient-point hot roll with uniformly distributed rolling points on the circumferential surface. The first group of hot rolls further compounds the base layer limiting net, the upper spraying and melting layer I, the lower spraying and melting layer I, the upper blocking layer, the lower blocking layer, the upper spraying and melting layer II and the lower spraying and melting layer II together, so that all fiber layers are combined more stably, and meanwhile, all fiber nets are further compressed, so that the whole thickness is reduced, the hardness is enhanced, the internal porosity is reduced, and the physical properties of the whole non-woven fabric are more similar to the physical properties of natural veneers; it has the hot rolling bump to distribute on the periphery of the lower hot roll II in the second group hot roll, and the hot rolling concave point that corresponds is formed on the surface of the layer II that melts of spraying down finally, this hot rolling concave point for in non-woven fabrics and the science and technology wood bonding process, the colloid can be more abundant even the infiltration down spout the layer II that melts, unnecessary colloid can also be stored in the hot rolling concave point moreover.
Preferably, the temperature of the upper hot roller I and the lower hot roller I is 140-160 ℃, and the pressure of the upper hot roller I and the lower hot roller I is 0.3-0.6 kg/cm; the temperature of the upper hot roll II is 80-100 ℃, the temperature of the lower hot roll II is 165-190 ℃, the pressures of the upper hot roll II and the lower hot roll II are 0.5-0.8 kg/cm, the height of the rolling point on the lower hot roll II is 0.2-0.35mm, the area of a single rolling point on the lower hot roll II is 1.2-1.8 mm, and the density of the rolling point on the lower hot roll II is 9-16/cm.
Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the physical properties of the non-woven fabric prepared by the process are more similar to those of natural veneer, the non-woven fabric can be used for replacing the natural veneer in the field of plates, and the effect of the natural veneer is basically achieved; the wood resource is saved, and the technical wood, the non-woven fabric and the decorative paper can be directly bonded by the water-based environment-friendly adhesive, so that the use of a large amount of impregnating adhesives such as amino resin, phenolic resin and the like is omitted, the formaldehyde content in the prepared furniture board is obviously reduced, and the furniture board is more energy-saving and environment-friendly; (2) the prepared base layer fiber web has high strength, small deformation in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction and good wrinkle resistance, an upper spray-melting layer I and a lower spray-melting layer I with very compact pores are prepared on the surface layer of a base layer fiber web, and an upper barrier layer and a lower barrier layer are prepared on the surfaces of the upper spray-melting layer I and the lower spray-melting layer I, and the upper barrier layer and the lower barrier layer effectively prevent colloids from permeating non-woven fabrics, an upper spray melting layer II and a lower spray melting layer II for glue adhesion are prepared on the surface layers of the upper barrier layer and the lower barrier layer, when the natural veneer is replaced, the lower spray melting layer II can absorb enough aqueous environment-friendly glue to ensure the bonding strength with the technical wood, the lower spray melting layer II can absorb proper amount of aqueous environment-friendly glue to ensure the bonding reliability with the decorative paper, meanwhile, the upper blocking layer and the lower blocking layer can prevent glue in the upper melting layer II and the lower melting layer II from mutually permeating, and the quality of the final plate and the attractiveness of the surface of the plate can be guaranteed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the main process of the nonwoven fabric of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a nonwoven fabric.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the application state of the non-woven fabric in the furniture board.
In the figure: basic unit's fibre web 1, on spout melting layer I2, spout melting layer I3 down, go up barrier layer 4, barrier layer 5 down, on spout melting layer II 6, spout melting layer II 7 down, go up hot roll I8, hot roll I9 down, go up hot roll II 10, hot roll II 11 down, science and technology wood 12, non-woven fabrics 13, decorative paper 14.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description below:
the preparation process of the non-woven fabric capable of replacing the natural veneer as shown in the figures 1 and 2 comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of a base layer fiber web: preparing fibers according to the following parts by weight: 5-10 parts of polypropylene long fibers, 10-15 parts of viscose fibers, 6-12 parts of bamboo fibers and 3-7 parts of polyester fibers, wherein the fibers are mixed, opened and then carded into a base layer fiber net 1 by a carding machine;
s2: and (3) positive and negative spunlace: drawing the base layer limiting net to a spunlace area for forward and reverse spunlacing;
s3: mangle drying: the spunlaced fiber web is subjected to mangling by a mangle and then dried;
s4: primary spray melting: drawing the dried semi-finished non-woven fabric to a first spray-melting area, and carrying out spray melting on two sides of the base limiting net by an upper spray-melting die head and a lower spray-melting die head of the first spray-melting area to form an upper spray-melting layer I2 and a lower spray-melting layer I3 after spray melting; the upper spray-melting die head and the lower spray-melting die head of the first spray-melting zone are symmetrically distributed and synchronously spray-melted, and polymer melts in the upper spray-melting die head and the lower spray-melting die head are formed by mixing the following materials in parts by weight: 9-15 parts of polypropylene and 4-6 parts of ES bonding fiber; the melt flow index of the polymer melt is 185-215g/10min, the temperatures of the upper spray melting die head and the lower spray melting die head are 225-255 ℃, the air flow injection angles in the upper spray melting die head and the lower spray melting die head are 45-55 degrees, the pressures of the hot air flows in the upper spray melting die head and the lower spray melting die head are 0.12-0.18 MPa, and the extrusion capacity of the polymer melt is 0.14-0.8 g/hole/min;
s5: preparing a barrier layer: coating environment-friendly glue on the outer surfaces of the upper spray melting layer I and the lower spray melting layer I, wherein the environment-friendly glue contains 10-15% of water absorbing powder by mass percent, the environment-friendly glue on the surface of the upper spray melting layer I is dried to form an upper barrier layer 4, and the environment-friendly glue on the surface of the lower spray melting layer I is dried to form a lower barrier layer 5; the environment-friendly glue is polyvinyl alcohol environment-friendly glue, and the water absorbing powder is polyacrylate type super absorbent resin powder; the environment-friendly glue coated on the surface of the lower spray-melting layer I contains an earthy yellow pigment, and the color of the lower barrier layer formed by drying is earthy yellow;
s6: secondary spray melting: drawing the semi-finished non-woven fabric processed in the step S5 to a second spraying and melting area, spraying and melting the outer surface of the upper barrier layer by an upper spraying and melting die head of the second spraying and melting area to form an upper spraying and melting layer II 6, and spraying and melting the outer surface of the lower barrier layer by a lower spraying and melting die head of the second spraying and melting area to form a lower spraying and melting layer II 7; the upper spray-melting die head and the lower spray-melting die head of the second spray-melting zone are distributed in a staggered manner for synchronous spray-melting, the polymer melt in the upper spray-melting die head is polyurethane with the melt flow index of 695-745g/10min, and the polymer melt in the lower spray-melting die head is polypropylene with the melt flow index of 580-645g/10 min; the temperature of the upper spray-melting die head is 185-215 ℃, the pressure of hot air flow in the upper spray-melting die head is 0.25-0.32Mpa, the extrusion quantity of polymer melt in the upper spray-melting die head is 0.14-0.6g/hole/min, and the jet angle of air flow in the upper spray-melting die head is 80-105 degrees; the temperature of the lower spray-melting die head is 205-235 ℃, the pressure of hot air flow in the lower spray-melting die head is 0.20-0.28Mpa, the extrusion quantity of polymer melt in the lower spray-melting die head is 0.2-0.8g/hole/min, and the air flow injection angle in the lower spray-melting die head is 80-105 degrees.
S7: hot rolling and forming: the non-woven fabric semi-finished product subjected to secondary spray-melting enters an air cooling zone for cooling, the cooled non-woven fabric semi-finished product enters a hot rolling zone, the hot rolling zone is provided with two groups of hot rolls, the first group of hot rolls comprises an upper hot roll I8 and a lower hot roll I9, the second group of hot rolls comprises an upper hot roll II 10 and a lower hot roll II 11, the non-woven fabric semi-finished product sequentially passes through the first group of hot rolls and the second group of hot rolls, the upper spray-melting layer II is in contact with the upper hot roll I and the upper hot roll II, the lower spray-melting layer II is in contact with the lower hot roll I and the lower hot roll II, the upper hot roll I, the upper hot roll II and the lower hot roll I are smooth-surfaced hot rolls with smooth and flat circumferential surfaces, and the lower hot roll II is a convex hot roll with uniformly distributed rolling points on the circumferential surface; the temperatures of the upper hot roller I and the lower hot roller I are 140-160 ℃, and the pressures of the upper hot roller I and the lower hot roller I are 0.3-0.6 kg/cm; the temperature of the upper hot roll II is 80-100 ℃, the temperature of the lower hot roll II is 165-190 ℃, the pressures of the upper hot roll II and the lower hot roll II are 0.5-0.8 kg/cm, the height of the rolling point on the lower hot roll II is 0.2-0.35mm, the area of a single rolling point on the lower hot roll II is 1.2-1.8 mm, and the density of the rolling point on the lower hot roll II is 9-16/cm; the nonwoven fabric finished product shown in fig. 2 is prepared after hot rolling by the two groups of hot rolls.
The furniture board structure shown in fig. 3 comprises a technical wood 12, a non-woven fabric 13 prepared by the process and decorative paper 14, wherein the technical wood and the non-woven fabric and the decorative paper are bonded by aqueous environment-friendly glue.
The non-woven fabrics that makes through above-mentioned technology can replace the natural veneer in furniture board field, and then changes the composite construction of current furniture board, and current furniture board is formed by technology wood, natural veneer, laminating paper through the impregnated adhesive bonding complex, and the composite construction after the non-woven fabrics replacement is for natural veneer in the current furniture board: the technical wood, the non-woven fabric and the decorative paper are bonded by water-based environment-friendly glue, as shown in figure 3; the non-woven fabric prepared by the specific process replaces natural veneer, the use of wood is reduced, the wood is saved, the non-woven fabric is directly bonded with the decorative paper, and the use of the laminated paper (the laminated paper contains a large amount of melamine resin and phenolic resin) is omitted, so that the formaldehyde content in the finally prepared board is obviously reduced, and the effects of safety and environmental protection are effectively achieved. The surface strength and the aesthetic property of the furniture board made of the non-woven fabric instead of the natural veneer are close to those of the existing furniture board, the market use performance and the aesthetic requirement can be met, the market promotion value and the commercial value are high, and the energy-saving and environment-friendly performance is far superior to that of the existing furniture board.
The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any simple changes, equivalent substitutions or modifications made based on the present invention to solve the same technical problems and achieve the same technical effects are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A non-woven fabric preparation process capable of replacing natural wood veneers is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparation of a base layer fiber web: preparing fibers according to the following parts by weight: 5-10 parts of polypropylene long fibers, 10-15 parts of viscose fibers, 6-12 parts of bamboo fibers and 3-7 parts of polyester fibers, wherein the fibers are mixed, opened and then carded into a base layer fiber net by a carding machine;
s2: and (3) positive and negative spunlace: drawing the base layer fiber web to a spunlace area for forward and reverse spunlacing;
s3: mangle drying: the spunlaced fiber web is subjected to mangling by a mangle and then dried;
s4: primary spray melting: drawing the dried semi-finished non-woven fabric to a first spray-melting area, and spray-melting two sides of the base layer fiber web by an upper spray-melting die head and a lower spray-melting die head of the first spray-melting area to form an upper spray-melting layer I and a lower spray-melting layer I after spray-melting;
s5: preparing a barrier layer: coating environment-friendly glue on the outer surfaces of the upper spray melting layer I and the lower spray melting layer I, wherein the environment-friendly glue contains 10-15% of water absorbing powder by mass percent, an upper barrier layer is formed after the environment-friendly glue on the surface of the upper spray melting layer I is dried, and a lower barrier layer is formed after the environment-friendly glue on the surface of the lower spray melting layer I is dried;
s6: secondary spray melting: drawing the semi-finished non-woven fabric processed in the step S5 to a second spraying and melting area, spraying and melting the outer surface of the upper barrier layer by an upper spraying and melting die head of the second spraying and melting area to form an upper spraying and melting layer II, and spraying and melting the outer surface of the lower barrier layer by a lower spraying and melting die head of the second spraying and melting area to form a lower spraying and melting layer II;
s7: hot rolling and forming: the semi-finished product of the non-woven fabric after the secondary spray melting enters a hot rolling area for hot rolling, and the finished product of the non-woven fabric is prepared after the hot rolling; the hot rolling area in step S7 is provided with two groups of hot rolls, the first group of hot rolls comprises an upper hot roll I and a lower hot roll I, the second group of hot rolls comprises an upper hot roll II and a lower hot roll II, the semi-finished non-woven fabric sequentially passes through the first group of hot rolls and the second group of hot rolls, the upper spray layer II is in contact with the upper hot roll I and the upper hot roll II, the lower spray layer II is in contact with the lower hot roll I and the lower hot roll II, the upper hot roll I, the upper hot roll II and the lower hot roll I are smooth hot rolls with smooth and flat circumferences, and the lower hot roll II is a salient point hot roll with rolling points uniformly distributed on the circumference.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein in step S4, the upper and lower meltblowing dies of the first meltblowing zone are symmetrically and synchronously meltblowing, and the polymer melts in the upper and lower meltblowing dies are mixed by weight: 9-15 parts of polypropylene and 4-6 parts of ES bonding fiber; the melt flow index of the polymer melt is 185-215g/10min, the temperatures of the upper spray-melting die head and the lower spray-melting die head are 225-255 ℃, the air flow injection angles in the upper spray-melting die head and the lower spray-melting die head are 45-55 degrees, the pressures of the hot air flows in the upper spray-melting die head and the lower spray-melting die head are 0.12-0.18 MPa, and the extrusion capacity of the polymer melt is 0.14-0.8 g/hole/min.
3. The process of claim 1, wherein in step S5, the environmental friendly glue is polyvinyl alcohol environmental friendly glue, and the water absorbing powder is polyacrylate type super absorbent resin powder.
4. The process for preparing a non-woven fabric capable of replacing natural veneers as claimed in claim 3, wherein the environment-friendly glue coated on the surface of the lower spray-melted layer I contains an earthy yellow pigment, and the color of the lower barrier layer formed by drying is earthy yellow.
5. The process as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein in step S6, the upper and lower meltblowing dies in the second meltblowing zone are synchronously melt-blown in a staggered manner, the polymer melt in the upper meltblowing die is polyurethane with a melt flow index of 695-.
6. The process as claimed in claim 5, wherein in step S6, the temperature of the upper meltblowing die is 185-215 ℃, the pressure of hot air flow in the upper meltblowing die is 0.25-0.32MPa, the extrusion rate of polymer melt in the upper meltblowing die is 0.14-0.6g/hole/min, and the jet angle of air flow in the upper meltblowing die is 80-105 °;
the temperature of the lower spray-melting die head is 205-235 ℃, the pressure of hot air flow in the lower spray-melting die head is 0.20-0.28Mpa, the extrusion quantity of polymer melt in the lower spray-melting die head is 0.2-0.8g/hole/min, and the air flow injection angle in the lower spray-melting die head is 80-105 degrees.
7. The process of claim 1, wherein the semi-finished product of the non-woven fabric after the second spraying and melting is cooled in an air cooling area, and the cooled semi-finished product of the non-woven fabric is fed into a hot rolling area.
8. The process according to claim 1, wherein the temperatures of the upper hot roll i and the lower hot roll i are 140 ℃ and 160 ℃, and the pressures of the upper hot roll i and the lower hot roll i are 0.3-0.6 kg/cm; the temperature of the upper hot roll II is 80-100 ℃, the temperature of the lower hot roll II is 165-190 ℃, the pressures of the upper hot roll II and the lower hot roll II are 0.5-0.8 kg/cm, the height of the rolling point on the lower hot roll II is 0.2-0.35mm, the area of a single rolling point on the lower hot roll II is 1.2-1.8 mm, and the density of the rolling point on the lower hot roll II is 9-16/cm.
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Application publication date: 20211109

Assignee: Zhejiang Hengbang Nonwoven Technology Co.,Ltd.

Assignor: HANGZHOU HENGBANG INDUSTRIAL Co.,Ltd.

Contract record no.: X2023330000930

Denomination of invention: A non-woven fabric preparation process that can replace natural wood veneer

Granted publication date: 20220405

License type: Common License

Record date: 20231220