CN113509477B - 一种绞股蓝皂甙b在拮抗放化疗和糖皮质类激素药物副作用中的应用和制备 - Google Patents
一种绞股蓝皂甙b在拮抗放化疗和糖皮质类激素药物副作用中的应用和制备 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于中药材分离提取领域,尤其是一种绞股蓝皂甙B在拮抗放化疗和糖皮质类激素药物副作用新药的发明和应用和制备,针对现有的以糖皮质激素类药物为代表的药品在众多疾病中显示出抗炎、抗休克、抗病毒和免疫抑制等治疗作用,但同时给患者造成的副作用也是很大的,主要是长期服用糖皮激素造成肾上腺萎缩,糖盐代谢失调以及对心、肝、肺和肾脏的损害的问题,现提出如下方案,其制备方法包括以下步骤:S1、取绞股蓝总皂苷20kg,以甲醇溶解,与40kg硅胶混合拌样,挥干溶剂;S2、上100kg干法硅胶层析柱,以氯仿‑甲醇梯度洗脱,本发明提取的绞股蓝皂苷B的药物,用于拮抗糖皮质激素类药物副作用及放化疗所产生的副作用,疗效确切,安全无毒付作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中药材分离提取技术领域,尤其涉及一种绞股蓝皂甙B在拮抗放化疗和糖皮质类激素药物副作用中的应用和制备。
背景技术
肿瘤是目前危害人类健康最严重的一种疾病。早期肿瘤一般无临床症状,一旦出现临床表现,通常已经属于中晚期,发生了肿瘤转移。目前对于肿瘤的治疗主要还是通过放疗和化疗,但放化疗对身体有一定的副作用,不能全部杀死癌细胞,只能是按照比例杀死癌细胞,残余癌细胞在身体虚弱免疫力低的情况下发展很快,形成新的病灶。采用从中草药中提取的有效成分进行配合放化疗综合治理,减轻放化疗的副作用,杀死残余癌细胞,提高免疫力,有效的控制病情发展,使患者在最短时间内病情得到明显好转和控制,可达到最理想的治疗效果。
以糖皮质激素类药物为代表的药品在众多疾病中显示出抗炎、抗休克、抗病毒和免疫抑制等治疗作用,但同时给患者造成的副作用也是很大的,主要是对心、肝、肺和肾脏的损害。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术中存在以糖皮质激素类药物为代表的药品在众多疾病中显示出抗炎、抗休克、抗病毒和免疫抑制等治疗作用,但同时给患者造成的副作用也是很大的,主要是对心、肝、肺和肾脏的损害的缺点,而提出的一种绞股蓝皂甙B在拮抗放化疗和糖皮质类激素药物副作用中的应用和制备。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用了如下技术方案:
一种绞股蓝皂甙B在拮抗放化疗和糖皮质类激素药物副作用中的制备,包括以下步骤:
S1、取绞股蓝总皂苷15kg-30kg,以甲醇溶解,与30kg-50kg硅胶混合拌样,挥干溶剂;
S2、上90-120kg干法硅胶层析柱,以氯仿-甲醇梯度洗脱,配合薄层层析检查,收集合并含绞股蓝皂苷B的洗脱液,回收溶剂后得5kg绞股蓝皂苷B粗品;
S3、取绞股蓝皂苷B粗品90g-110g,以甲醇配制成200mg/ml的溶液,采用中压制备型液相色谱法纯化,收集绞股蓝皂苷B组分,浓缩得含量在50%~90%以上的绞股蓝皂苷B;
S4、将含量50%~90%以上的绞股蓝皂苷B溶解在混合有机溶剂中,反复进行重结晶,纯度可达到96%以上。
优选的,在整个制备与纯化过程中要避免光照与高温,须采用冷冻干燥。
优选的,所述S2中,上90kg-120kg干法硅胶层析柱,以氯仿-甲醇(8:1→3:1)梯度洗脱。
本发明还提出了一种绞股蓝皂甙B在拮抗放化疗和糖皮质类激素药物副作用中的应用,所述绞股蓝皂甙B用于拮抗放化疗和糖皮质类激素药物中。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果在于:
我国绞股蓝资源丰富,自然分布广泛,易人工栽培,绞股蓝皂苷B是从绞股蓝提取出的单一有效成分,不但具有抗肿瘤作用,还具备拮抗肿瘤治疗中放化疗和糖皮质激素类药物治疗中所产生副作用的功效。
放化疗对身体有一定的副作用,不能全部杀死癌细胞,只能是按照比例杀死癌细胞,残余癌细胞在身体虚弱免疫力低的情况下发展很快,形成新的病灶,绞股蓝皂苷B的研究证实了可拮抗或减轻放化疗的副作用,杀死残余癌细胞,提高免疫力,有效的控制病情发展,使患者在最短时间内病情得到明显好转和控制,达到最理想的治疗效果。
绞股蓝皂苷B可有效降低或减轻在使用糖皮质激素类药物治疗中所产生的严重副作用,临床上最常用的具有代表性的糖皮质激素类药物如氢化可的松、醋酸泼尼松、地塞米松等,绞股蓝皂苷B拮抗上述药物的临床副作用为:1.肾上腺皮质功能损害;2.骨质疏松和自发性骨折;3.诱发和加重感染。
本发明提取的绞股蓝皂苷B的药物,用于抗肿瘤治疗中拮抗糖皮质激素类药物及放化疗所产生的副作用,疗效确切,安全无毒副作用。
附图说明
图1为本发明提出的一种绞股蓝皂甙B在拮抗放化疗和糖皮质类激素药物副作用中的应用和制备的绞股蓝皂苷B结构式。
图2为绞股蓝皂苷B结构式。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。
一种绞股蓝皂甙B在拮抗放化疗和糖皮质类激素药物副作用中的制备,包括以下步骤:
取绞股蓝总皂苷15kg-30kg,以甲醇溶解,与30kg-50kg硅胶混合拌样,挥干溶剂,上90-110kg干法硅胶层析柱,以氯仿-甲醇梯度洗脱,配合薄层层析检查(以正丁醇-乙酸-水(4:1:5)的上层为展开剂,显色剂:10%硫酸乙醇溶液),收集合并含绞股蓝皂苷B的洗脱液,回收溶剂后得5kg绞股蓝皂苷B粗品。
取绞股蓝皂苷B粗品90g-110g,以甲醇配制成200mg/ml的溶液,采用中压制备型液相色谱法纯化,收集绞股蓝皂苷B组分,浓缩得含量在50%~90%以上的绞股蓝皂苷B。
将含量50%~90%以上的绞股蓝皂苷B溶解在混合有机溶剂中,反复进行重结晶,纯度可达到96%以上,在整个制备与纯化过程中要避免光照与高温,须采用冷冻干燥。
本发明还提出了一种绞股蓝皂甙B在拮抗放化疗和糖皮质类激素药物副作用中的应用,绞股蓝皂甙B用于拮抗放化疗和糖皮质类激素药物中。
本实施例中,绞股蓝皂苷B化合物的结构确定
通用名:绞股蓝皂苷B
英文名:gypenoside B
汉语拼音:Jiaogulan Zaogan B
结构式与分子式
结构式:如图2
分子式:C46H76O16
分子量:884.5
本实施例中:拮抗放疗、化疗的临床有效使用剂量
临床有效使用剂量为30mg~720mg/日/人,每日2~3次,配合放化疗的整个疗程而定,亦可长期服用,安全无毒付作用。
本实施例中,减轻糖皮质激素类药物副作用的临床有效使用剂量
临床有效使用剂量为30mg~720mg/日/人,每日2~3次。配合化学药品的服用疗程而定,亦可长期服用,安全无毒副作用。
本实施例中,药物规格:每单位含有绞股蓝皂苷B的剂量为10~180mg。
本实施例中,药物剂型:
绞股蓝皂苷B在临床使用中采用口服给药,适用于所有口服制剂,例如:片剂(含片、舌下片、肠溶片、咀嚼片、口崩片、泡腾片、分散片、缓释片、控释片等);胶囊剂(肠溶胶囊、软胶囊、缓释胶囊、控释胶囊等);颗粒剂(混悬颗粒、泡腾颗粒、肠溶颗粒、缓释颗粒和控释颗粒等);滴丸剂和糖丸剂;散剂;口服溶液剂(混悬剂、乳剂);糖浆剂等。
本发明解决其技术问题的技术方案是:在现有绞股蓝总皂苷药物的基础上,经过科学的药理药效基础研究,从总皂苷的136种皂苷中筛选出含量较高及活性强的组分绞股蓝皂苷B,并将该化合物药理药效的作用机制进行了深入研究,结果表明绞股蓝皂苷B是一种天然的选择性过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体(PPAR)-α激活剂,过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体PPAR-α是细胞核激素受体,它转录水平影响脂肪酸及其衍生物的功能。
绞股蓝皂苷B双向调节免疫系统能够提高巨噬能力,明显增高白细胞数,同时增加白细胞自身的吞噬功能,促进体内白介素的分泌,增加血清免疫蛋白的产生。对神经毒性的保护使其具有拮抗肿瘤治疗中放化疗和糖皮质激素类药品治疗中所产生毒副作用。
技术方案是采用现代化提取纯化技术,将绞股蓝皂苷B纯度达到90%以上,各项指标符合先行版中国药典的要求和规定。
本实施例中,绞股蓝[Gynostemma Pentaphyllum(Thunb)Makino.]为葫芦科绞股蓝属植物,绞股蓝皂苷B是其主要有效成分之一。研究显示绞股蓝皂苷B具有抗肿瘤、降低血糖血脂、增强免疫力作用等药理活性。从绞股蓝中分离提取出一种具有达玛烷结构的绞股蓝皂苷B化合物,是一种天然的过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体α(PPAR-α)激动剂,可以抑制核因子-κB的激活。体外实验中显示,绞股蓝皂苷B通过PPAR-α途径抑制细胞因子对于人内皮细胞表达血管粘附因子-1(VCAM-1)的诱导作用,其活性类似于Wy-14643。并应用酶联免疫实验方法证明绞股蓝皂苷B可以抑制TNF-α诱导人脐静脉内皮细胞表达VCAM-1mRNA的作用。其抑制LPS诱导THP-1单核细胞表达组织因子的作用也是通过PPAR-α途径。PPAR具有抗增殖及预调亡和促分化的功能,因而具有较全面的抗癌活性。PPAR参与了前脂肪细胞分化成脂肪细胞以及单核细胞分化为巨噬细胞。当有PPAR和RXR配体存在时,骨髓细胞前分化为静息巨噬细胞,当两者持续存在时,PPAR可消退脂肪瘤细胞分化同时触发瘤细胞向脂肪细胞分化。
绞股蓝皂苷B抗肿瘤机制主要表现在抗诱变、干扰细胞周期、增强机体免疫机能、诱导肿瘤细胞发生凋亡、抑制癌细胞发生自噬和诱导癌细胞发生逆转等方面。而在拮抗放化疗和药物的副作用的机制是增强免疫机能而起到对各脏器的保护。在大量的药理和临床试验数据中证明了这一点。
一、抗肿瘤的作用机制
1.抗诱变作用:绞股蓝皂苷B能通过阻断某些诱变剂在体内的诱变作用进而抑制肿瘤细胞在体内外的生长。以环磷酰胺为诱变剂,以诱变处理后姐妹染色体互换的频率为指标,显示该化合物可使环磷酰胺所致的姐妹染色体互换增高频率明显降低,证明其有抗诱变效应。在以3-MC作为诱导剂,通过检测处理后肝细胞微粒体蛋白P448(EROD)在体内外的活性变化发现,3-MC诱导后P448(随着剂量的增加,EROD活性明显下降,证实了通过对代谢酶的抑制调节进而参与和影响机体内的一切代谢酶系统是引发抗诱变的重要作用机制之一。
2.干扰细胞周期绞股蓝皂苷B对人肝癌HepG2细胞周期分布的作用,证实绞股蓝皂苷B作用于HepG2后细胞发生了G/G期的阻滞,阻止了原位瘤分离出去后进入血管及淋巴管的瘤细胞,从而抑制瘤细胞的侵袭和转移。绞股蓝皂苷B能显著提高S180肉瘤周围及瘤内淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞的数量,并刺激肿瘤周围成纤维细胞的增生,使携带有S180肉瘤细胞的荷瘤小鼠脾脏质量明显增加,脾脏白髓数量显著增加,且脾脏体积增大,动脉周围淋巴鞘、边缘区及淋巴小结均明显增大,通过活化免疫细胞增强机体免疫力,抑制肿瘤生长。HepG2细胞向S期过渡,抑制了DNA的复制。流式细胞仪分析发现绞股蓝皂苷B可以诱导小鼠白血病L1210S期细胞比例增高,G/G期和G/M期细胞数量减少,绞股蓝皂苷B处理人前列腺癌细胞PC-3发现,绞股蓝皂苷B可以通过调节细胞周期蛋白的表达导致细胞周期阻滞在S期和G/M期。
3.增强免疫机能:研究表明,口服绞股蓝皂苷B,可以增强联合放疗和化疗后原发性肺癌患者的免疫功能。还能通过降低脂质过氧化反应,提高其血浆中超氧化物歧化酶的活性,保护机体正常细胞免受自由基的损伤,进而抑制肿瘤细胞的生长和侵袭作用。在给移植了Lewis肺癌细胞的小鼠腹腔注射绞股蓝皂苷B,小鼠的免疫应答功能发生了显著的改善,总脾细胞数量的增加以及NK细胞和脾细胞生物活性的增强。
绞股蓝皂苷B能增加淋巴细胞数量,提高小鼠自然杀伤细胞活性和血清溶血素的产生,并增强小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能,提高脾细胞分泌抗体的能力,增强机体自身杀伤原位肿瘤细胞,另一方面及时清除从原位瘤分离出去后进入血管及淋巴管的瘤细胞,从而抑制瘤细胞的侵袭和转移。通过检测,给药后Lewis肺癌荷瘤小鼠脾淋巴细胞总数及NK细胞活性所产生的变化,证实了绞股蓝皂苷B作用于荷瘤小鼠体内可以刺激脾淋巴细胞数量的增加和NK细胞活性的增强进而杀伤肿瘤细胞,证实了绞股蓝皂苷B的抗肿瘤作用与其调节机体的免疫功能有关。绞股蓝皂苷B对免疫系统的活性主要体现在增强非特异性免疫、体液免疫、细胞免疫,对淋巴细胞转化和白细胞介素2(IL-2)分泌的影响,及对自然杀伤细胞(NK)的增加作用。绞股蓝皂苷B可非常明显增强非特异性免疫功能。
二、抗放疗、化疗的副作用
各种放疗方法和化疗药物均对生长活跃的组织有毒性作用,都有不同程度的骨髓抑制及消化道反应等。试验显示,绞股蓝皂苷B可以有效拮抗或降低放化疗产生的副作用。
1、双向调节免疫系统
绞股蓝皂苷B能够提高巨噬能力,明显增高白细胞数,同时增加白细胞自身的吞噬功能,促进体内白介素的分泌,增加血清免疫蛋白的产生。
小鼠灌服绞股蓝皂苷B 50mg/kg,连服10日,可明显增加脾脏重量,体重亦比对照组明显增加,能明显促进单核巨噬细胞系统对血中胶体碳的廓清速率,提高单核细胞的吞噬功能。30mg/kg剂量亦可使胸腺重量增加。正常小鼠灌服绞股蓝皂苷B50mg/kg,连服10日,对脾重呈双相调节作用,即对于小于中位数的脾重(mg/10g体重)可使之增加,大于中位数的脾重则使之减小;对胸腺重量(mg/10g体重)小于中位数者无明显影响,大于中位数者亦可使之明显减小。小鼠灌服绞股蓝皂苷B 200mg/kg或400mg/kg,连服10日,可明显对抗环磷酰胺引起的胸腺和脾脏重量减轻,可使明显升高的白细胞总数、淋巴细胞的百分率降低至接近对照组;使降低的中性粒细胞百分率升高至接近对照组;模型组胸腺萎缩,脾重增加,用药后胸腺指数恢复,并超过对照组,脾指数也恢复正常;模型组血清溶菌酶含量显著降低,提示机体抗感染力下降,服药组溶菌酶含量显著增加并超过对照组。小鼠灌服绞股蓝皂苷B 60mg/kg或100mg/kg,连服7日可明显提高外周血白细胞数,并增强其吞噬酵母多糖时的化学发光峰值,同时发光指数(发光峰值/白细胞数)也明显提高:对醋酸泼尼松诱发免疫抑制的小鼠灌服GPs80mg/kg或120mg/kg,连服7日,白细胞数、发光峰值和发光指数的提高更为显著,现代药理研究证明绞股蓝皂苷B不仅能升高正常动物白细胞数,而且能使一些白细胞数低下的动物白细胞数回升,增强正常或功能低下的白细胞吞噬功能。
2、对神经毒性的保护
通过对奥沙利铂所致大鼠周围神经毒性保护作用及其分子机制研究显示,绞股蓝皂苷B可改善奥沙利铂所致大鼠周围神经毒性温度和机械刺激下的行为学改变,其机制与上调NGF水平以及Nrf2信号通路有关。
将雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型对照组、绞股蓝皂苷B低、中、高剂量组。除正常对照组外,其他各组均腹腔注射奥沙利铂4mg/kg,同时模型对照组灌胃给予溶媒5%葡萄糖,绞股蓝皂苷B低、中和高分别灌胃给予50、100和200mg/kg,定期检测温度和机械刺激下大鼠行为变化,给药40天后处死大鼠。ELISA检测血浆中NGF含量,Western blot检测L4-5背根神经节中Nrf2及其下游NQO-1和HO-1蛋白表达水平。结果,与正常对照组相比,模型对照组出现明显行为学改变、血浆NGF下降,Western blot检测发现Nrf2及其下游NQO-1和HO-1蛋白表达水平显著下降。而给予绞股蓝皂苷B后可显著改善大鼠行为学改变,说明绞股蓝皂苷B低中高剂量组可上调Nrf2及其下游NQO-1和HO-1水平。
三、降低糖皮质激素类药物副作用
经长期研究表明,绞股蓝皂苷B与一些毒副作用较大的激素类药品合用,不但不影响疗效,反而可拮抗其产生的副作用。实验以醋酸泼尼松(以下简称泼尼松)为代表的激素类药物,合用绞股蓝皂苷B后对其抗炎、抗休克、抗毒和免疫抑制作用的药效影响及拮抗对心、肝、肺和肾脏严重损害的副作用,获得满意的结果。
1、抗泼尼松不良反应作用
1.1绞股蓝皂苷B对泼尼松所致小鼠肾上腺萎缩的拮抗作用
方法:
ICR小鼠,雄性77只,体重22.7士1.1g,将小鼠随机分为六组;
①空白对照组:②绞股蓝皂苷B 360mg/kg组;③泼尼松30mg/lkg组:④泼尼松7.5mg/kg+绞股蓝皂苷B 90mg/kg组:⑤泼尼松15mg/kg+绞股蓝皂苷B 180mg/kg组:⑥泼尼松3Omg/kg+绞股蓝皂苷B 360mg/kg组。每天称重后灌胃给药1次,连续9天,第10天处死动物,取出双侧肾上腺,用福尔马林液固定作石蜡切片,在显微镜下观察各组的组织结构变化,实验结果如下:
1.空白对照组12例,皮质区球状带、束状带及网状带的细胞形状,排列均正常,无明显病变,髓质区细胞也无变性,坏死,出血,整个肾上腮组织未见有炎细胞浸润及分裂相。
2.绞股蓝皂苷B 360mg/kg组:12例,结果基本上同空白对照组。
3.泼尼松30mg/kg组:11例,皮质区球状带细胞基本正常,束状带病变明显,其中4例细胞空泡样变性,5例有局灶性排列紊乱,细胞界限不清,核大小不一,深染,网状带细胞无变性,无坏死,其中2例出血,髓质区无明显病变,整个肾上腺组织未见炎细胞浸润及分裂相。
4.泼尼松7.5mg/kg+绞股蓝皂苷B 90mg/kg组,共15例,结果基本同空白对照组。
5..泼尼松15mg/kg十绞股蓝皂苷B 180mg/kg组,其13例,皮质区球状带细胞排列规则,网状带细胞无变性坏死,3例束状带细胞有空泡样变性,3例束状带局灶!尘排列紊乱,细胞界线不清,核大小不一,深染,髓质区无明显病变,整个肾上腺组织未见炎细胞浸润及分裂相。
6.泼尼松30mg/kg+绞股蓝皂苷B 360mg/kg组,共14例,皮质区:状带细胞正常,束状带病变较明显,其中2例细胞有空泡性变性,6例有局灶性排列紊乱,细胞界限不清,核大小不一,深染,网状带细胞无变性坏死,其中二例出血,髓质区无明显病变,整个肾上腺组织未见炎细胞浸润及分裂相。
小结:与空白组比较,绞股蓝皂苷B组基本同对照组,泼尼松组有明显病变,绞股蓝皂苷B+泼尼松小剂量组基本与空白对照组一致,绞股蓝皂苷B+泼尼松中剂量组有轻度病变,绞股蓝皂苷B+泼尼松大剂量组有明显病变,绞股蓝皂苷B+泼尼松大剂组与绞股蓝皂苷B+泼尼松组比较,绞股蓝皂苷B泼尼松大剂量组相对于绞股蓝绞股蓝皂苷B组有明显病变,绞股蓝皂苷B泼尼松大剂量组相对于泼尼松组,病变稍减。
1.2泼尼松引起的小鼠肾上腺重量、肾上腺中维生素C和胆固醇含量改变的影响
方法:
ICR种小鼠,雄性,体重22.13士1.83g,随机将小鼠分为六组,分别为:①空白对照组,灌服同体积的自来水:②绞股蓝皂苷B720mg/kg组:③泼尼松60m组;④绞股蓝皂苷B+泼尼松小剂量组,泼尼松15mg/kg+绞股蓝皂苷B 180mg/kg组:⑤绞股蓝皂苷B+泼尼松中剂量组,泼尼松30mg/kg+绞股蓝360mg/kg组:⑤绞股蓝皂苷B+泼尼松大剂量组,泼尼松60mg/kg+绞股蓝皂苷B 720mg/kg组。每天给药1次,连续9天,末次给药后1小时,称体重,处死动物,迅速取出双侧肾上腺,称湿重,左侧肾上腺打成匀浆,用2.4-二硝基苯阱法测定维生素C含量,右侧用乙醇、丙酮抽提,高铁一硫酸显色法测定胆固醇含量。经t检验判断组间差异的显著性。
实验结果如下:
与对照组比较,绞股蓝皂苷B 720mg/kg组的体重增长、肾上腺湿重及指数、维生素C含量及胆固醇含量均无显著差别;而泼尼松60mg/kg组,体重增长显著减慢,肾上腺湿重及指数均显著地降低,维生素C含量及胆固醇含量均显著的升高:绞股蓝皂苷B+泼尼松三个剂量组小鼠的体重增长也减慢但程度比单纯泼尼松轻,肾上腺指数改变不明显,维生素C含量增加也不显著,胆固醇含量虽显著地升高,但比单纯泼尼松组低。绞股蓝皂苷B泼尼松大剂量组与同等剂60mg/kg泼尼松组比较,肾上腺湿重显著增高,维生素C和胆固醇含量均显著地降低。
小结:以上结果说明绞股蓝皂苷B能较好地对抗泼尼松引起的小鼠肾上腺萎缩。
1.3对大鼠肝糖元、血糖、血清总蛋白、脂肪酶及血清钾、钠、钙的影响
方法:
SD大鼠68只,雌雄各半,体重186.2士26.7g,随机分6组,分别为:①空白对照组:②绞股蓝皂苷B 240mg/kg组;③泼尼松20mg/kg组:④绞股蓝皂苷B+泼尼松小剂量组(绞股蓝皂苷B 60mg/kg+泼尼松5mg/kg);⑤绞股蓝皂苷B+泼尼松中剂量组(绞股蓝皂苷B 120mg/kg+泼尼松10mg/kg);⑥绞股蓝皂苷B+泼尼松大剂量组(绞股蓝皂苷B 240mg/kg+泼尼松20mg/kg)。每天给药1次,连续9天,第9天给药后1小时,在麻醉状态下取血和肝脏,分别用邻甲苯版法测定血糖,惠酣法测定肝糖元,双缩服法测血泊-总蛋白,比浊法测血清脂肪酶,焦佛酸仰比浊法测血清Na+,甲基肪香草盼兰比色法测血清Ca2+及火焰光度计法测血清K+含量。根据t检验结果确定组间差异的显著性。
小结:实验结果表明与空白对照组比较,除泼尼松20mg/kg组血糖及血清钠明显升高外,其余各实验组的血糖及血清Na+均无明显变化:与试验组的肝糖元,血清总蛋白,脂肪酶,K+和Ca+2等均无明显变化。此外,20mg/kg泼尼松组的血清钠明显高于绞股蓝皂苷B+泼尼松大剂量组,说明绞股蓝皂苷B且有对抗因大剂量使用泼尼松而引起的血清钠升高的作用。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (2)
1.一种绞股蓝皂甙B在制备拮抗泼尼松药物副作用的药物中的应用,其特征在于,所述泼尼松药物副作用为肾上腺萎缩;
所述绞股蓝皂甙B的结构式为:
所述绞股蓝皂甙B的制备包括以下步骤:
S1、取绞股蓝总皂甙15kg-30kg,以甲醇溶解,与30kg-50kg硅胶混合拌样,挥干溶剂;
S2、上90kg-120kg干法硅胶层析柱,以氯仿-甲醇梯度洗脱,配合薄层层析检查,收集合并含绞股蓝皂甙B的洗脱液,回收溶剂后得5kg绞股蓝皂甙B粗品;
S3、取绞股蓝皂甙B粗品90g-110g,以甲醇配制成200mg/ml的溶液,采用中压制备型液相色谱法纯化,收集绞股蓝皂甙B组分,浓缩得含量在50%~90%的绞股蓝皂甙B;
S4、将含量50%~90%的绞股蓝皂甙B溶解在混合有机溶剂中,反复进行重结晶,纯度可达到96%以上;
其中,在整个制备与纯化过程中要避免光照与高温,须采用冷冻干燥。
2.根据权利要求1所述的的应用,其特征在于,所述S2中,以氯仿-甲醇8:1→3:1梯度洗脱。
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