CN113329064B - Communication method of Internet of things interaction protocol based on water conservancy data acquisition and control - Google Patents
Communication method of Internet of things interaction protocol based on water conservancy data acquisition and control Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a communication method of an Internet of things interaction protocol based on water conservancy data acquisition and control, wherein the interaction protocol is simple and clear, the structure is clear and is oriented to behaviors, directional operation is easy to realize, dynamic encryption is realized, and the program is simple to realize. The protocol can be applied to any water conservancy data acquisition and control equipment, has loose and free data format and strong expansibility, and has strong practicability for high concurrent micro-service, intelligent digitization of water conservancy sensing equipment, water conservancy big data processing and the like. The method is used for the interactive communication of long connection and short connection between equipment, equipment and a master station and between the equipment and a user in the working scene of a water conservancy data acquisition and remote control sensor; the behavior data of the equipment can be decomposed, analyzed and processed according to the behavior-oriented characteristics by mainly utilizing efficient acquisition and efficient communication of the specified data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydrology data acquisition and control, in particular to a communication method of an Internet of things interaction protocol based on water conservancy data acquisition and control.
Background
The acquisition of water conservancy and hydrological data is to record daily conditions of various aspects of water conservancy facilities such as rivers, lakes, reservoir areas and the like, describe the change of each water conservancy facility in one year according to a database formed by long-term accumulation of water conservancy and hydrological data and is used for guiding the following water conservancy work. Therefore, the acquisition work of the hydrological data is very important.
Along with the development of communication technology and the improvement of the automation degree of measuring equipment, the collection of the existing water conservancy hydrological data is basically changed into the collection of automatic equipment on duty, then the hydrological data is transmitted to a main station through a network for storage and later development and utilization, the water conservancy hydrological data collection equipment becomes a part of the whole network, some collection equipment also has the function of remote control, the collection equipment itself becomes a simple computer terminal, water conservancy workers at all levels can directly access the main station or the collection equipment through a handheld user terminal or access the main station or the collection equipment through special software, and the mutual access and control process needs to be ensured by providing a special method.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a communication method of an internet of things interaction protocol based on water conservancy data acquisition and control.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a communication method of an Internet of things interaction protocol based on water conservancy data acquisition and control is characterized in that the Internet of things comprises a terminal acquisition device, a main station, a user side device and a communication network, wherein the terminal acquisition device, the main station, the user side device and the three are located on site and are networked through the communication network, the terminal acquisition device is provided with a sensor for acquiring various hydrological data, the terminal acquisition device and the main station, the user side device and the main station, and the terminal acquisition device and the user side device are in interactive communication through a special interaction protocol, and the interaction protocol has the following structure:
AE(BE)
[ overall length (2) ] [ behavior class (2) ] [ framing number (2) ] [ checksum (8) ]
DE
[ ID Length (1) ] [ device ID per se ] [ ID Length (1) ] [ destination device ID ]
DE
Subclass identification (1) [ data main body length (2) ] [ data validity check (8) ]
CD
[ subclass identification (1) ] [ device interaction information length (2) ] [ device interaction information ] [ block code (48) ]
BC
[ subclass identification (1) ] [ dialog length (2) ] [ dialog content ] [ dialog SessionID (8) ] [ TOKEN check field (8) ]
EA(EB)
The above structure of the interaction protocol defines:
the identification of the head frame of the uplink message is AE, the identification of the downlink is BE, the identification of the tail frame of the uplink message is EA, and the downlink is EB; the interactive driving party and the interactive passive party can be directly and obviously distinguished;
the identification domain is separated from the main body by DE characters, and the purpose is to directly check the message legality or directly take ID domain information according to a fixed length;
the interactive frame tail of the data class is CD, the interactive class of the equipment is BC, and the positioned class information and data are directly obtained by cutting;
subclass identification defines the transaction classification of the content, and EE identifies no content;
the data verification domain is a dynamic token of the equipment, and the block code is a previous equipment of the equipment chain and the token chain of the equipment and is used for verifying the trust information; the session SessionID is the binding ID of the session content class;
the checksum is the sum of all bytes and is used for checking the message entity.
In the interaction protocol
Predefined behavior-oriented type definitions:
(1) behavior class first byte 03 + behavior class second byte AF: long connection registration
(2) Behavior class first byte 01 + behavior class second byte AF: short connection mark
(3) Behavior class first byte 02 + behavior class second byte EF: long connection heartbeat/short connection signal broadcast main station
(4) Behavior class first byte 05 + behavior class second byte 01: active reporting of data
(5) Behavior class first byte 05 + behavior class second byte 03: data recall test return
(6) Behavior class first byte 05 + behavior class second byte 05: transparent data transmission
(7) Behavior class first byte 06 + behavior class second byte AF: active reporting of event and fault
(8) Behavior class first byte 06 + behavior class second byte BF: event, failure recall return
(9) Behavior class first byte EF + behavior class second byte EF: forwarding or transparent transmission interactive dialogue;
other types of custom extensions;
the predefined behavior types are specifically:
(1) 03AF long connection registration
The server stores the correspondence between the connection of the equipment and the head ID, generates a TOKEN of a check domain according to the fixed parameters and replies the TOKEN to the equipment;
(2) 01AF short connection identification
The device is used for initiating the server or the collector by the equipment end or the sensor equipment, the server definitely recognizes the connection as short connection after receiving the short connection, the communication mode of the device is a short connection mode, and responds to a confirmation frame after logging all the head information to close the connection;
(3) 02EF long connection heartbeat/short connection signal broadcast main station
The device side is used for synchronously notifying the existence of the master station, so that the master station side can know that the device exists and is in a working state; the effective duration is self-defined according to the equipment condition;
(4) 0501 data active reporting
The device is used for the synchronous or asynchronous active reporting of the collected data of the equipment, and the reporting interval of the real-time or non-real-time data is self-defined;
(5) 0503 data recall return
The device side is used for calling the data initiated by the server side, and the device side processes the command and then returns the corresponding data; self-defining the overtime duration;
(6) 0505 data transparent transmission
The method is used for all end-to-end message transparent forwarding and gateway positioning forwarding;
(7) 06AF event and fault active reporting
The method is used for reporting the event and fault data initiated by the server actively, and if 06EE is the identifier, all the events are normal;
(8) 06BF event, failure recall return
The device side is used for responding to the data of the server side event and the fault recall test; if 06EE, all is normal;
(9) EFEF forwarding or transparent transmission interactive session
The method is used for end-to-end interactive transparent transmission between the interactive gateway pair equipment and the user.
The identity authentication in the message interaction in the method is confirmed by the head identification information of long connection login or short connection, the login information and the identity identification information are fixed by MD5 and a time label, the identity information and the connection are stored by a server in a key value pair mode, and the state parameter of the first connection in the effective duration is stored by the short connection.
The data domain and information domain encryption of the message in the method uses an encryption machine of a main station server, the parameter value added or subtracted to or from each byte or every two bytes is generated at dynamic time intervals, and the weight of the last time is kept when the dynamic change of each time is carried out.
The method comprises the following steps of:
after the message is acquired, the TOKEN is analyzed, and the identity legitimacy of the TOKEN must be confirmed by the server side and the equipment side; and obtaining the weight value for decryption through the main station encryption machine after confirming that the TOKEN is legal.
The message in the communication engineering in the method comprises the following four data formats: JSON, XML, TXT, BYTE
JSON is used primarily for the encapsulation of data classes,
XML format for encapsulation of instructions and configurations
The TXT format, used primarily in natural language in interaction,
the BYTE is used for transmitting files and streaming data, and the files generated by the sensor or the concentrator are split in real time, packaged and sent to each end; and is also the main transmission format for remote upgrade.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
the communication method of the Internet of things interaction protocol based on water conservancy data acquisition and control has the advantages of simple and clear interaction protocol, clear structure and behavior-oriented behavior, easiness in directional operation, dynamic encryption and simplicity in program realization. The protocol can be applied to any water conservancy data acquisition and control equipment, has loose and free data format and strong expansibility, and has strong practicability on high-image-quality concurrent micro-service, intelligent digitization of water conservancy sensing equipment, water conservancy big data processing and the like.
The protocol is used for the interactive communication of long connection and short connection between equipment, equipment and a master station and between the equipment and a user in the working scene of the water conservancy data acquisition and remote control sensor; the behavior data of the equipment can be decomposed, analyzed and processed according to the behavior-oriented characteristics by mainly utilizing efficient acquisition and efficient communication of the specified data. The protocol is characterized by easy segmentation and analysis and is suitable for interaction scenes of various intelligent interconnection devices. The classification use is flexible and easy to position, data and information can be directly cut and obtained aiming at different transaction nodes, and meanwhile, the uniform format of the interaction protocol of each end under the whole interaction scene is facilitated.
1. Simple structure and easy data acquisition
2. The structure can be oriented and the disassembly is simple
3. The method is simple in analysis and capable of directly issuing instructions for equipment behaviors
4. Transparent transmission mode is simple and easy to operate
5. Can be directly used for IM interaction between devices or IM interaction between users and devices
6. And the dynamic encryption mode has stronger data protection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an Internet of things architecture diagram of the water conservancy data acquisition and control of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a specific application example of the method of the present invention;
Detailed Description
In the first embodiment, referring to fig. 1-2 of the specification, in fig. 1, the internet of things includes a terminal acquisition device, a master station, and a user end device which are located on site, and are networked through a communication network, the terminal acquisition device has a sensor for acquiring various hydrological data, in fig. 2, the terminal acquisition device and the master station, the user end device and the master station, and the terminal acquisition device and the user end device perform interactive communication through a dedicated interactive protocol, and the interactive protocol has a structure as follows:
AE(BE)
[ overall length (2) ] [ behavior class (2) ] [ framing number (2) ] [ checksum (8) ]
DE
[ ID Length (1) ] [ device ID per se ] [ ID Length (1) ] [ destination device ID ]
DE
[ subclass identification (1) ] [ data body length (2) ] [ data validity check (8) ]
CD
[ subclass identification (1) ] [ device interaction information length (2) ] [ device interaction information ] [ block code (48) ]
BC
[ subclass identification (1) ] [ dialog length (2) ] [ dialog content ] [ dialog SessionID (8) ] [ TOKEN check field (8) ]
EA(EB)
The above structure of the interaction protocol defines:
the head frame of the uplink message is marked as AE, the downlink is BE, the tail frame of the uplink message is marked as EA, and the downlink is EB; the interactive driving party and the interactive passive party can be directly and obviously distinguished;
the identification domain is separated from the main body by DE characters, so that the legality of the message can be directly checked according to a fixed length or the ID domain information can be directly taken;
the interactive frame tail of the data class is CD, the interactive class of the equipment is BC, and the positioned class information and data can be directly obtained by cutting;
subclass identification defines the transaction classification of the content, and EE identifies no content;
the data verification domain is a dynamic token of the equipment, and the block code is a previous equipment of the equipment chain and the token chain of the equipment and is used for verifying the trust information; the conversation SessionID is the binding ID of the conversation content class;
the checksum is the sum of all bytes and is used for checking the message entity.
In the interaction protocol
Predefined behavior-oriented type definitions:
(1) behavior class first byte 03 + behavior class second byte AF: long connection registration
(2) Behavior class first byte 01 + behavior class second byte AF: short connection mark
(3) Behavior class first byte 02 + behavior class second byte EF: long connection heartbeat/short connection signal broadcast main station
(4) Behavior class first byte 05 + behavior class second byte 01: active reporting of data
(5) Behavior class first byte 05 + behavior class second byte 03: data recall test return
(6) Behavior class first byte 05 + behavior class second byte 05: data transparent transmission
(7) Behavior class first byte 06 + behavior class second byte AF: active reporting of events and faults
(8) Behavior class first byte 06 + behavior class second byte BF: event, failure recall return
(9) Behavior class first byte EF + behavior class second byte EF: forwarding or transparent transmission interactive dialogue;
other types can be self-defined to expand;
the predefined behavior types are specifically:
(1) 03AF long connection registration
The TOKEN is used for initiating a server or a collector (fog operation cluster) by an equipment end or sensor equipment, storing the correspondence between the connection of the equipment and the head ID by the server, generating a check domain according to the fixed parameters and replying the check domain to the equipment end;
(2) 01AF short connection identification
The device is used for initiating a server or a collector (fog operation cluster) by an equipment end or sensor equipment, the server definitely identifies the connection as short connection after receiving the short connection, the communication mode of the device is a short connection mode, and the device responds to a confirmation frame after logging all head information and closes the connection;
(3) 02EF long-connection heartbeat/short-connection signal broadcast main station
The device side is used for synchronously notifying the existence of the master station, so that the master station side can know that the device exists and is in a working state; the effective duration can be customized according to the equipment condition;
(4) 0501 data active reporting
The device is used for the synchronous or asynchronous active reporting of the collected data of the equipment, and the reporting interval of the real-time or non-real-time data can be customized;
(5) 0503 data recall return
The equipment side is used for calling and testing data initiated by the server side, and the equipment side processes the command and then returns corresponding data; the timeout duration can be customized;
(6) 0505 data transparent transmission
The method is used for all end-to-end message transparent forwarding and gateway positioning forwarding;
(7) 06AF event and fault active reporting
The method is used for reporting the event and fault data actively initiated by the server, and if 06EE is the identifier, all the events are normal;
(8) 06BF event, failure recall return
The device side is used for responding to the data of the server side event and the fault recall test; if 06EE, all are normal;
(9) EFEF forwarding or transparent transmission interactive dialogue
The interactive transparent transmission device is used for end-to-end interactive transparent transmission between the interactive gateway and the equipment and between the users; the gateway should not have other parsing or processing operations than asynchronous thread message log saving in this state.
The identity authentication in the message interaction in the method is confirmed by the head identification information of long connection login or short connection, the login information and the identity identification information are fixed by MD5 and a time label, the identity information and the connection are stored by a server in a key value pair mode, and the state parameter of the first connection in the effective duration is stored by the short connection.
The data domain and information domain encryption of the message in the method uses an encryption machine of a main station server side, parameter values which are added or subtracted for each byte or every two bytes are generated at intervals of dynamic duration, and the last weight is kept at the same time when the dynamic change is carried out each time, so that the situation that the message cannot be decrypted due to the fact that the message is obtained in the case of the encryption and the like is avoided.
The method comprises the following steps of:
after the message is acquired, the TOKEN is analyzed, and the identity legitimacy of the TOKEN must be confirmed by the server side and the equipment side; and obtaining the weight value for decryption through the main station encryption machine after confirming that the TOKEN is legal.
The message in the communication engineering in the method comprises the following four data formats: JSON, XML, TXT, BYTE
JSON is mainly used for encapsulation of data classes, such as:
{ "water level": 100, "flow rate": 10, "rainfall": 99.99}
The XML format is used for encapsulation of instructions and configurations, such as:
<cmd>
<time>20210101000101</time>
<command>make_sleep</command>
< desc > sensor dormancy </desc >
<objectID>CGQ000001</objectID>
</cmd>
The TXT format is relatively free, and is mainly used for natural language in interaction, etc., such as:
#0908A44433# # Master # # SESSION _ ID:0101# Water conservancy No. please give I the current data. #;
#1108A44411# Water conservancy # SESSION _ ID # 0101# Master, happy afternoon! The current water level is XXXXXXX, the flow is XXXXXXX, and no rainfall # exists in the current 5 kilometers surrounding area
The BYTE is used for transmitting files and streaming data, and can split and package the files generated by the sensor or the concentrator in real time and send the files to each end; and is also the main transmission format for remote upgrade.
Wherein the extension of the type definition of the behavior class needs to be customized according to different application scenarios.
Several commonly used scenarios are:
the water level data of the designated river area is actively reported synchronously,
The flow data of the designated river area is actively reported synchronously,
Specifying an on-hook event for a river sensor monitoring device,
Appointing a river sensor dormancy command,
Appointing river water level, flow and rainfall data,
Data processing of water level, flow and rainfall of specified river area,
The default values of the generic response frame are:
FFFF Normal EEEE Exception
The following is a protocol property identification application description:
data communication between the intelligent Internet of things equipment and the central gateway, namely directly acquiring a data domain and a data theme (subclass identification) according to the fixed-length and behavior identification;
the intelligent Internet of things equipment forms a fog operation cluster, and data or interactive information can be directly acquired according to the end point ID and the class identification;
the intelligent Internet of things equipment AI performs anthropomorphic interaction, namely conversation contents are directly sent according to the behavior type identification, the subclass identification and the destination equipment;
in three special scenes, a subclass identification field of data can be defined so as to control the analysis and the behavior direction of the message.
And performing application analysis and calculation according to the definition, or directly acquiring a useful data part in the message.
Claims (6)
1. A communication method of an Internet of things interaction protocol based on water conservancy data acquisition and control is characterized in that the Internet of things comprises a terminal acquisition device, a main station, a user terminal device and a communication network, wherein the terminal acquisition device, the main station, the user terminal device and the user terminal device are located on the site and are networked through the communication network, the terminal acquisition device is provided with a sensor for acquiring various hydrological data, the terminal acquisition device and the main station, the user terminal device and the main station, and the terminal acquisition device and the user terminal device are in interactive communication through a special interaction protocol, and the interaction protocol has the following structure:
AE(BE)
[ overall length (2) ] [ behavior class (2) ] [ framing number (2) ] [ checksum (8) ]
DE
[ ID Length (1) ] [ device ID per se ] [ ID Length (1) ] [ destination device ID ]
DE
[ subclass identification (1) ] [ data body length (2) ] [ data validity check (8) ]
CD
[ subclass identification (1) ] [ device interaction information length (2) ] [ device interaction information ] [ block code (48) ]
BC
[ subclass identification (1) ] [ dialog length (2) ] [ dialog content ] [ dialog SessionID (8) ] [ TOKEN check field (8) ]
EA(EB)
The above structure of the interaction protocol defines:
the head frame of the uplink message is marked as AE, the downlink is BE, the tail frame of the uplink message is marked as EA, and the downlink is EB; the interactive driving party and the interactive passive party can be directly and obviously distinguished;
the identification domain is separated from the main body by DE characters, and the purpose is to directly check the message legality or directly take ID domain information according to a fixed length;
the interactive frame tail of the data class is CD, the interactive class of the equipment is BC, and the positioned class information and data are directly obtained by cutting;
the subclass mark defines the transaction classification of the content, and the EE mark has no content;
the data verification domain is a dynamic token of the equipment, and the block code is a previous equipment of the equipment chain and the token chain of the equipment and is used for verifying the trust information; the session SessionID is the binding ID of the session content class;
the checksum is the sum of all bytes and is used for checking the message entity.
2. The communication method of the internet of things interaction protocol based on water conservancy data acquisition and control as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the interaction protocol
Predefined behavior-oriented type definitions:
(1) behavior class first byte 03 + behavior class second byte AF: long connection registration
(2) Behavior class first byte 01 + behavior class second byte AF: short connection mark
(3) Behavior class first byte 02 + behavior class second byte EF: long connection heartbeat/short connection signal broadcasting master station
(4) Behavior class first byte 05 + behavior class second byte 01: active reporting of data
(5) Behavior class first byte 05 + behavior class second byte 03: data recall test return
(6) Behavior class first byte 05 + behavior class second byte 05: transparent data transmission
(7) Behavior class first byte 06 + behavior class second byte AF: active reporting of events and faults
(8) Behavior class first byte 06 + behavior class second byte BF: event, failure recall return
(9) Behavior class first byte EF + behavior class second byte EF: forwarding or transparent transmission interactive dialogue;
other types of custom extensions;
the predefined behavior types are specifically:
(1) 03AF long connection registration
The server stores the correspondence between the connection of the equipment and the head ID, generates a TOKEN of a check domain according to the fixed parameters and replies the TOKEN to the equipment;
(2) 01AF short connection identification
The device or the sensor initiates the server or the collector, the server definitely recognizes the connection as short connection after receiving the short connection, the communication mode of the device is a short connection mode, and responses a confirmation frame after logging all the head information, and closes the connection;
(3) 02EF long-connection heartbeat/short-connection signal broadcast main station
The device side is used for synchronously notifying the existence of the master station, so that the master station side can know that the device exists and is in a working state; the effective time length is self-defined according to the equipment condition;
(4) 0501 data active reporting
The device is used for the synchronous or asynchronous active reporting of the collected data of the equipment, and the reporting interval of the real-time or non-real-time data is self-defined;
(5) 0503 data recall return
The device side is used for calling the data initiated by the server side, and the device side processes the command and then returns the corresponding data; self-defining the overtime duration;
(6) 0505 data transparent transmission
The method is used for all end-to-end message transparent forwarding and gateway positioning forwarding;
(7) 06AF event and fault active reporting
The method is used for reporting the event and fault data actively initiated by the server, and if 06EE is the identifier, all the events are normal;
(8) 06BF event, failure recall return
The device side is used for responding to the data of the server side event and the fault recall test; if 06EE, all is normal;
(9) EFEF forwarding or transparent transmission interactive session
The method is used for end-to-end interactive transparent transmission between the interactive gateway pair equipment and the user.
3. The water conservancy data acquisition and control-based communication method of the internet of things interaction protocol as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the identity authentication in the message interaction in the method is confirmed by the head identification information of long connection login or short connection, the login information and the identity identification information are fixed by MD5 and a time label, the identity information and the connection are stored by a server in a key value pair mode, and the state parameter of the first connection in the effective duration is stored by the short connection.
4. The communication method of the Internet of things interaction protocol based on water conservancy data acquisition and control as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the data domain and information domain encryption of the message in the method uses an encryption machine of a main station server, the parameter value added or subtracted to or from each byte or every two bytes is generated at dynamic time intervals, and the weight of the last time is kept when the dynamic change of each time is carried out.
5. The water conservancy data acquisition and control-based communication method of the Internet of things interaction protocol as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the method comprises the following steps of:
after the message is acquired, the TOKEN is analyzed, and the identity legitimacy of the TOKEN must be confirmed by the server side and the equipment side; and obtaining the weight value for decryption through the main station encryption machine after confirming that the TOKEN is legal.
6. The communication method of the Internet of things interaction protocol based on water conservancy data acquisition and control as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the message in the communication engineering in the method comprises the following four data formats: JSON, XML, TXT, BYTE
JSON is used primarily for the encapsulation of data classes,
XML format for encapsulation of instructions and configurations
The TXT format, used primarily in natural language in interaction,
the BYTE is used for transmitting files and streaming data, and the files generated by the sensor or the concentrator are split in real time, packaged and sent to each end; and is also the main transmission format for remote upgrade.
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