Background
Since the 50 s of the 20 th century, diamond and its products have been widely used in precision machining of relatively expensive materials such as single crystal silicon and sapphire. The variety of diamond tools is many, and among them, sintered diamond tools have become the mainstream tool for precision machining due to their advantages of long service life, high grinding precision, stable grinding, and the like.
However, as the machining is carried out, the precision of the sintered diamond tool is poor, the sintered diamond tool needs to be shaped continuously, but some parts, such as the edge or the outer edge of the sintered diamond tool, are obviously worn due to much larger stress compared with other parts, and the repair welding repair is carried out only by shaping and large workload.
The repair welding repair method for the sintered diamond tool comprises soldering, cold welding, laser welding and electron beam welding, but all of the methods belong to the field of fusion welding, and the matrix structure of a diamond sintered body on the sintered diamond tool is seriously influenced. Also, since the abrasive particles used for manufacturing the sintered diamond tool for precision machining are generally fine, fusion welding easily causes the fine abrasive particles to rapidly generate graphitization thermal damage.
The ultrasonic welding can overcome the defects, and has the advantages of energy conservation, environmental protection, high production efficiency, seamless welding, low rejection rate and the like, so the ultrasonic welding method is used for repairing the sintered diamond tool for precision machining.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for repairing a sintered diamond tool for precision machining by ultrasonic waves. The welding method overcomes the problem that repair welding methods such as brazing, cold welding, laser welding, electron beam welding and the like have serious influence on the matrix and the fine abrasive particles of the sintered body. The method has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, environmental protection, good repairing quality, high repairing efficiency and the like, and has better application prospect.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the method for repairing the sintered diamond tool for precision machining by ultrasonic comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting an abrasive: the abrasive is 200/300 mesh diamond;
(2) selecting raw materials of a metal matrix: the raw material is NiCuCoSn alloy powder (5-9 wt.% of Cu, 2 wt.% of Co, 3 wt.% of Sn and the balance of Ni) of 300/400 meshes, CuCoSn alloy powder (6-8 wt.% of Co, 10 wt.% of Sn and the balance of Cu) or FeCoSn alloy powder (6-8 wt.% of Co, 10 wt.% of Sn and the balance of Fe);
(3) uniformly mixing the grinding material and the metal matrix powder;
(4) sintering the uniformly mixed abrasive and metal matrix powder to manufacture a sintered compact with the thickness of 1-3 mm;
(5) removing oil stains and other dirt on the surface of the sintered diamond tool for precision machining to be repaired, placing the sintered composite sheet at the position to be repaired of the sintered diamond tool to be repaired, and pressing the sintered composite sheet by using a welding head of an ultrasonic welding machine;
(6) the parameters of the ultrasonic welding were set as: the working surface of the welding head of the ultrasonic welding machine is 4-9 mm2The static welding pressure is 200-400N, the ultrasonic amplitude is 14-18 mu m, the ultrasonic frequency is 12-18 KHz, and the welding time is 0.5-1.5 s;
(7) starting an ultrasonic welding machine to finish welding;
(8) and (5) repeating the steps (5) to (7), finishing the repair of other parts to be repaired of the sintered diamond tool, and finishing the repaired parts.
The sintering of the sintered compact piece specifically uses the following sintering parameters: under a vacuum environment, the hot pressing temperature is 600-850 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is 18-25 MPa, the hot pressing time is 2-6 min, and the heat preservation time is 3-5 min.
The method for repairing the sintered diamond tool for precision machining by ultrasonic repair welding has the advantages that:
(1) the ultrasonic welding adopted by the invention has the advantages of short welding time, high efficiency, energy conservation, environmental protection, capability of welding special-shaped surfaces, convenience in operation and the like.
(2) The sintered diamond tool for precision machining repaired by the process of the invention has the advantages that the matrix and the fine abrasive particles of the sintered body can keep good mechanical properties.
(3) The sintered diamond tool for precision machining repaired by the process of the invention has the advantages that welding defects such as slag inclusion and the like do not occur at the welding seam, and the bonding strength of the welding seam is high and stable.
(4) The sintered diamond tool for precision machining repaired by the process has low rejection rate.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in more detail with reference to the examples given below:
example 1: and repairing the sintered diamond bowl-shaped grinding wheel for precision machining by using the Ni-based diamond composite sheet.
The method comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting an abrasive: the abrasive is 200/300 mesh diamond;
(2) selecting raw materials of a metal matrix: the starting material was 300/400 mesh NiCuCoSn alloy powder (6 wt.% Cu, 2 wt.% Co, 3 wt.% Sn, balance Ni);
(3) uniformly mixing the grinding material and the metal matrix powder;
(4) sintering the uniformly mixed abrasive and metal matrix powder to manufacture a sintered compact with the thickness of 2 mm;
(5) removing oil stains and other dirt on the surface of the sintered diamond tool for precision machining to be repaired, placing the sintered composite sheet at the position to be repaired of the sintered diamond tool to be repaired, and pressing the sintered composite sheet by using a welding head of an ultrasonic welding machine;
(6) the parameters of the ultrasonic welding were set as: the working surface of the welding head of the ultrasonic welding machine is 2.5 multiplied by 2.5mm2The static welding pressure is 300N, the ultrasonic amplitude is 16 mu m, the ultrasonic frequency is 16KHz, and the welding time is 0.6 s;
(7) starting an ultrasonic welding machine to finish welding;
(8) and (5) repeating the steps (5) to (7), finishing the repair of other parts to be repaired of the sintered diamond tool, and finishing the repaired parts.
The sintering of the sintered compact piece specifically uses the following sintering parameters: under the vacuum environment, the hot pressing temperature is 750 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is 20MPa, the hot pressing time is 5min, and the heat preservation time is 4 min.
Example 2: and repairing the sintered diamond grinding head for precision machining by using the Cu-based diamond composite sheet.
The method comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting an abrasive: the abrasive is 200/300 mesh diamond;
(2) selecting raw materials of a metal matrix: the raw material was 300/400 mesh CuCoSn alloy powder (7.5 wt.% Co, 10 wt.% Sn, balance Cu);
(3) uniformly mixing the grinding material and the metal matrix powder;
(4) sintering the uniformly mixed abrasive and metal matrix powder to manufacture a sintered compact with the thickness of 2 mm;
(5) removing oil stains and other dirt on the surface of the sintered diamond tool for precision machining to be repaired, placing the sintered composite sheet at the position to be repaired of the sintered diamond tool to be repaired, and pressing the sintered composite sheet by using a welding head of an ultrasonic welding machine;
(6) the parameters of the ultrasonic welding were set as: the working surface of the welding head of the ultrasonic welding machine is 2.2 multiplied by 2.2mm2The static welding pressure is 250N, the ultrasonic amplitude is 17 μm, the ultrasonic frequency is 14KHz, and the welding time is 0.8 s;
(7) starting an ultrasonic welding machine to finish welding;
(8) and (5) repeating the steps (5) to (7), finishing the repair of other parts to be repaired of the sintered diamond tool, and finishing the repaired parts.
The sintering of the sintered compact piece specifically uses the following sintering parameters: under the vacuum environment, the hot pressing temperature is 650 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is 20MPa, the hot pressing time is 4min, and the heat preservation time is 3.5 min.
Example 3: and repairing the sintered diamond saw blade for precision machining by using the Fe-based diamond composite sheet.
Comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting an abrasive: the abrasive is 200/300 mesh diamond;
(2) selecting raw materials of a metal matrix: the raw material is 300/400-mesh FeCoSn alloy powder (7 wt.% Co, 10 wt.% Sn, and the balance Fe);
(3) uniformly mixing the grinding material and the metal matrix powder;
(4) sintering the uniformly mixed abrasive and metal matrix powder to manufacture a sintered compact with the thickness of 2 mm;
(5) removing oil stains and other dirt on the surface of the sintered diamond tool for precision machining to be repaired, placing the sintered composite sheet at the position to be repaired of the sintered diamond tool to be repaired, and pressing the sintered composite sheet by using a welding head of an ultrasonic welding machine;
(6) the parameters of the ultrasonic welding were set as: the working surface of the welding head of the ultrasonic welding machine is 2.7 multiplied by 2.7mm2The static welding pressure is 300N, the ultrasonic amplitude is 16 mu m, the ultrasonic frequency is 16KHz, and the welding time is 0.7 s;
(7) starting an ultrasonic welding machine to finish welding;
(8) and (5) repeating the steps (5) to (7), finishing the repair of other parts to be repaired of the sintered diamond tool, and finishing the repaired parts.
The sintering of the sintered compact piece specifically uses the following sintering parameters: under a vacuum environment, the hot pressing temperature is 780 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is 22MPa, the hot pressing time is 5min, and the heat preservation time is 4 min.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, so that any person skilled in the art can make changes or modifications to the equivalent embodiments using the above disclosure. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention, unless they depart from the technical spirit of the present invention.