CN113304248B - Il-2在制备缓解糖皮质激素类药物副作用的药物中的应用 - Google Patents
Il-2在制备缓解糖皮质激素类药物副作用的药物中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种IL‑2在制备缓解糖皮质激素类药物副作用的药物中的应用,属于医药技术领域。低剂量IL‑2治疗可以减少SLE患者接受糖皮质激素药物治疗期间CD25highCD127low Treg、active Treg、resting Treg及non‑Treg比例下降的发生率及CD4+Treg细胞CD25表达下降的发生率,并能在相当比例的患者中促进上述Treg细胞亚群和CD25分子的上升;IL‑2可激活CD4+Treg细胞pSTAT5通路;IL‑2能够提升CD4+T细胞抗病毒相关基因的表达,并且使CD4+T细胞免疫反应负向调节相关的基因上调,并且能够提升抗凋亡分子Bcl‑2的表达。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医药技术领域,尤其涉及一种IL-2在制备缓解糖皮质激素类药物副作用的药物中的应用。
背景技术
糖皮质激素(GC)是机体内极为重要的一类调节分子,它对机体的发育、生长、代谢以及免疫功能等起着重要调节作用,是机体应激反应最重要的调节激素,也是临床上使用最为广泛而有效的抗炎和免疫抑制剂。在紧急或危重情况下,糖皮质激素往往为首选。临床常见的糖皮质激素类药物有泼尼松、甲泼尼松、倍他米松、丙酸倍氯米松、泼尼松龙、氢化可的松、地塞米松等,具有抗炎、抗毒、抗过敏、抗休克、非特异性抑制免疫及退热作用等多种作用,可以防止和阻止免疫性炎症反应和病理性免疫反应的发生,适用于治疗系统性红斑狼疮、系统性硬化病、干燥综合征、皮肌炎等多种疾病。然而,糖皮质激素在治疗中常常伴随着一些副作用,如骨质疏松、诱发或加重感染、精神障碍等等副作用。并且,研究发现使用糖皮质激素药物会过度抑制免疫细胞功能、促进Treg凋亡等副作用,这些副作用会导致患者感染发生率增加,以及因Treg比例下降和相关分子表达下降导致抗自身免疫或炎症的疗效减弱。
目前,缓解糖皮质激素类药物的副作用药物较少,一般只能提前规避,如乌·乌日娜等人提出在服用糖皮质激素类药物之前需要评估;用药期间要有足量蛋白、脂肪摄入,避免高糖食物;定期复查心电图;对孕妇、糖尿病等内分泌疾病患者、高血压、心血管疾病、肿瘤等患者,尽量避免使用等(糖皮质激素药物系统应用的副作用及规避对策[J].皮肤科学通报,2015,032(003):248-252)。所以亟需发明一种能有效减轻糖皮质激素类药物副作用的相关药物。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明的目的在于提供IL-2在制备缓解糖皮质激素类药物副作用的药物中的应用。
为了实现上述发明目的,本发明提供了以下技术方案:
IL-2在制备缓解糖皮质激素类药物副作用的药物中的应用。
优选的,所述糖皮质激素副作用包括对Treg细胞的抑制和感染风险的增加。
优选的,所述药物用于接受糖皮质激素类药物治疗的患者。
优选的,所述药物用于治疗系统性红斑狼疮、系统性硬化、干燥综合征、肌炎、IgG4相关疾病、类风湿关节炎、血管炎。
优选的,所述IL-2能够减少接受所述糖皮质激素类药物治疗患者的CD4+CD25highCD127low Treg、active Treg、resting Treg、non-Treg细胞比例下降的发生率。
优选的,所述IL-2能够减少接受所述糖皮质激素类药物治疗患者的CD4+Treg细胞CD25表达下降的发生率。
优选的,所述IL-2能提升CD4+Treg细胞的pSTAT5水平。
优选的,所述IL-2能够提升CD4+T细胞抗病毒相关基因的表达,并且使CD4+T细胞免疫反应负向调节相关的基因上调。
本发明还提供了一种药物组合物,包括有效量的IL-2和糖皮质激素类药物。
优选的,所述IL-2的有效剂量为25万IU~300万IU。
相对于现有技术,本发明具有如下有益效果:
(1)在糖皮质激素治疗的同时,加用低剂量IL-2治疗可以减少接受糖皮质激素类药物治疗的患者的CD4+CD25highCD127low Treg、active Treg、restingTreg、non-Treg等细胞比例下降的发生率,并进一步提高这些Treg细胞亚群的比例。
(2)在糖皮质激素治疗的同时,加用低剂量IL-2治疗可以减少接受糖皮质激素类药物治疗的患者的CD4+Treg细胞CD25表达下降的发生率,并进一步提升CD4+Treg的CD25表达。
(3)IL-2显著逆转糖皮质激素导致的active Treg细胞比例的下调以及CD25表达的减少,并可激活CD4+Treg细胞pSTAT5通路。
(4)对于患者PBMCs,IL-2可提升Treg抗凋亡分子Bcl-2的表达。
(5)糖皮质激素可降低CD4+T细胞抗病毒相关基因的表达,IL-2可逆转此效应,且使CD4+T细胞免疫反应负向调节相关的基因上调。可见,IL-2能缓解糖皮质激素类药物的副作用,二者联合使用具有临床应用前景。
附图说明
图1为Prednisolone与IL-2对CD4+Foxp3+Treg比例的影响:A.设门策略:从左至右依次圈出淋巴细胞、单细胞、活细胞及CD3+CD4+T细胞;B.Prednisolone单独处理PBMCs后可极大降低CD4+T细胞Foxp3表达,加入IL-2可显著逆转该现象;
图2为Prednisolone与IL-2对CD4+Foxp3+Treg比例的影响:C.健康人PBMCs处理后Treg亚群及CD25、CD127表达变化;D.SLE患者PBMCs处理后Treg亚群及CD25、CD127表达变化;
图3为Prednisolone与IL-2对CD4+Foxp3+Treg功能、增殖及抗凋亡分子表达的影响:Prednisolone或Prednisolone联合IL-2对CD4+Foxp3+细胞表达A.CD39、B.CTLA-4、C.Bcl-2、D.Ki-67、E.ICOS的影响;左侧为健康人PBMCs处理结果,右侧为SLE患者PBMCs处理结果;
图4为Prednisolone与IL-2对CD4+Foxp3+细胞STAT5磷酸化水平的影响;
图5为主成分分析:ZHT、JJY、YXJ为三位健康人,P为Prednisolone单独处理组,H为Prednisolone联合IL-2处理组,C为对照组;
图6为差异基因聚类分析:热图(Heatmap);ZHT、JJY、YXJ为三位健康人,P为Prednisolone单独处理组,H为Prednisolone联合IL-2处理组,C为对照组;
图7为BPGO分析:A.Prednisolone单独处理组相比于对照组下调基因的BPGO分析;B.Prednisolone联合IL-2处理组相比于Prednisolone单独处理组上调基因的BPGO分析;C.Prednisolone联合IL-2处理组相比于对照组上调基因的BPGO分析;
图8为SLE患者经糖皮质激素或糖皮质激素联合低剂量IL-2治疗前后CD25highCD127lowTreg细胞比例变化:A.两组患者治疗前后Treg比例变化,其中左图为糖皮质激素联合低剂量IL-2治疗前后CD25highCD127lowTreg细胞比例变化,右图为糖皮质激素单独治疗前后CD25highCD127lowTreg细胞比例变化;B.两组患者治疗后Treg比例变化示意图;治疗后Treg比例上升超过10%定义为上调,下降超过10%定义为下调,其余情况定义为比例不变;
图9为SLE患者经糖皮质激素或糖皮质激素联合低剂量IL-2治疗前后Treg细胞亚群比例及CD25表达变化:A.第一行:糖皮质激素联合低剂量IL-2治疗组,第二行:糖皮质激素治疗组;B.治疗前后CD4+CD25++比例及Treg亚群比例变化情况:治疗后比例上升超过10%为上调,比例下降超过10%为下调,其余为不变。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了IL-2在制备缓解糖皮质激素类药物副作用的药物中的应用。
本发明对所述糖皮质激素类药物副作用没有特殊的限定,包括对Treg细胞的抑制和感染风险的增加,优选的为对Treg细胞的抑制。本发明所述药物优选的用于治疗系统性红斑狼疮、硬化病、干燥综合征、皮肌炎。
本发明所述IL-2能够提高CD25highCD127low Treg、active Treg、resting Treg、non-Treg细胞的比例;提升CD4+T细胞CD25的表达;激活CD4+T细胞pSTAT5通路;提升CD4+T细胞抗病毒相关基因的表达,并且使CD4+T细胞免疫反应负向调节相关的基因上调;提升抗凋亡分子Bcl-2的表达。
本发明还提供了一种药物组合物,包括有效量的IL-2和糖皮质激素类药物。
在本发明中,所述糖皮质激素类药物优选包括Prednisolone、泼尼松或甲强龙中的一种。
进一步的,本发明所述的药物中包括有效量的IL-2和糖皮质激素类药物以及药学上可接受的辅料或载体;所述有效量是指可对人和/或动物产生功能或活性的且可被人和/或动物所接受的量,在本发明的一个优选实施方式中,所述IL-2的有效剂量优选为25万IU~300万IU;所述药学上可接受的辅料或载体是指用于治疗剂给药的辅料或载体,包括各种赋形剂和稀释剂,它们本身并不是必要的活性成分,且施用后没有过分的毒性,本发明对于所述辅料和载体没有特殊限定,采用本领域常规药用辅料和载体均可。进一步的,本发明所述的在制备缓解糖皮质激素类药物副作用的药物中还包括辅助性的物质,如填充剂、润滑剂、助流剂、润湿剂或乳化剂、pH缓冲物质等。
本发明对提及的原料来源没有特殊限定,采用常规市售产品即可。
下面结合实施例对本发明提供的技术方案进行详细的说明,但是不能把它们理解为对本发明保护范围的限定。
本发明实施例中使用SPSS 20.0软件进行统计学分析。对于两组数据的比较,先进行Shapiro-Wilk正态性检验。若数据符合正态分布,则采用独立样本T检验;若数据不符合正态分布,采用Mann-Whiney检验。对于多组成对样本的比较,采用两两配对T检验。对于两组患者间治疗前后Treg细胞上调、下调或维持不变的人数比较,采用卡方检验。
实施例1
研究对象
2016年6月~2017年4月间某三甲医院收住入院的28名SLE患者,分为两组,其中11名患者给予糖皮质激素治疗,另外17名患者给予糖皮质激素联合低剂量IL-2治疗。
患者治疗使用的糖皮质激素为泼尼松或甲强龙。泼尼松为口服,甲强龙为静脉注射。糖皮质激素每天的用量因病情而异,口服泼尼松从小于7.5mg/天到50mg/天。病情严重时静脉使用甲强龙冲击治疗,可达到200mg-1g/天,用药3天后,逐渐减量。IL-2用量为不超过300万IU/天的剂量范围,疗程根据病情和Treg变化而决定。通过研究两组患者治疗2周后Treg、Treg三种亚群与CD4+Treg中CD25++亚群比例变化,来探究IL-2对糖皮质激素影响Treg的作用改变。
留取2018年1月至2018年12月间某三甲医院收住入院的SLE患者,或健康人外周血若干例,分离PBMCs并进行Prednisolone与IL-2体外实验。
免疫细胞各亚群标记如表1所示。
表1免疫细胞亚群标记
实施例2
Predinisolone与IL-2体外刺激PBMCs实验
1.使用4ml EDTA抗凝静脉采血管采取实施例1中2018年1月至2018年12月间的健康人或SLE患者治疗前的外周血。
2.在15mL离心管中加入6mL人外周血淋巴细胞分离液。
3.使用无菌巴氏吸管将血液混匀并吸取,45°倾斜离心管,沿下壁距离人外周血淋巴细胞分离液1cm左右缓缓加入4mL血液,注意不要破坏液面。
4.将离心管缓慢恢复垂直,1800r20min离心。
5.弃掉上层血浆,并使用巴氏吸管转移白膜层至另一洁净15mL离心管内,补充生理盐水至14mL,1600r 15min离心,并弃上清,得到PBMCs。
6.使用2mL 1640完全培养基将所有PBMCs集中到1个15mL离心管内并混匀。
7.取10μL细胞加入90μL 1640完全培养基,涡旋混匀并使用血球计数板计数。
8.使用1640完全培养基调整细胞悬液体积至细胞浓度为20万/100μL,并计算每组复孔数量:共4组刺激条件,每孔细胞数为20万,故每组复孔数量为细胞总数/80万,向下取整。
9.取4个15mL离心管,使用1640完全培养基及试剂或试剂溶剂分别按如下浓度配置(每组复孔数+1)×100μL体积的体外刺激液。
P组:Prednisolone=10μM,IL-2=0IU/mL;
H组:Prednisolone=10μM,IL-2=100IU/mL;
L组:Prednisolone=10μM,IL-2=10IU/mL;
C组:Prednisolone=0μM,IL-2=0IU/mL。
10.在96孔平底板中每孔加入100μL细胞悬液,每孔加入100μL各组刺激物。在盖上标注各组位置。
11.37℃含CO2细胞培养箱中培养4d。
12.收集细胞沉淀,分别进行Treg细胞亚群及Treg功能、抗凋亡指标染色、Th1及Th17细胞染色、Treg细胞pSTAT5信号通路染色、Treg染色后,检测。由于具有CD25++以上表达的CD4+T细胞,其Foxp3与CD25表达正相关,因此也可将依据Foxp3的表达Treg细胞分为CD45RA-Foxp3high active Treg、CD45RA-Foxp3int non-Treg与CD45RA+Foxp3intresting Treg三群。
结果中,所述对照组为L组:Prednisolone=10μM,IL-2=10IU/mL。
由图1和图2可知,与对照组相比,Prednisolone下调CD4+T细胞表达Foxp3水平(即CD4+Foxp3+Treg的水平),IL-2可显著地逆转Prednisolone诱导的Foxp3表达降低。与对照组相比,Prednisolone显著下调active Treg的比例,对于non-Treg的比例有一定的上调作用;而IL-2可以显著逆转Prednisolone对active Treg比例的下调,并显著下调non-Treg的比例。进一步分析,Treg表面IL-2受体CD25及IL-7受体CD127的表达,发现Prednisolone可以提高Foxp3+细胞CD127的表达,而IL-2可以显著上调CD4+T细胞Foxp3的表达,提高Foxp3+细胞CD25表达并下调CD127的表达。
由图3可知,Prednisolone显著下调健康人Foxp3+细胞CD39的表达,而IL-2显著逆转Prednisolone的作用;对于SLE患者IL-2也可一定程度上调Foxp3+细胞CD39的表达。IL-2可上调CD4+Foxp3+Treg细胞抗凋亡分子Bcl-2的表达。此外,IL-2可逆转Prednisolone对CD4+Foxp3+Treg细胞ICOS的下调作用。
由图4可知,健康人对照组CD4+Foxp3+Treg细胞具有一定程度的STAT5磷酸化,经Prednisolone处理后STAT5磷酸化水平降低,标志着Treg活化水平的降低;而SLE患者对照组CD4+Foxp3+Treg细胞STAT5磷酸化水平本身较低,Prednisolone处理后也有下降。无论是对健康人还是SLE患者的PBMCs,IL-2均可逆转Prednisolone的作用,使CD4+Foxp3+细胞STAT5磷酸化水平显著提高。
实施例3
选取3例实施例2除L组处理的健康人细胞,使用磁珠负选CD4+T细胞进行ClariomD芯片测序,进行主成分分析、差异基因聚类分析和功能富集分析。
主成分分析(PCA)是评价样本组间差异及组内重复性的生物信息学分析法,对上千基因表达的变量进行降维运算并进行主成分提取,以二维或三维散点图的形式将样本在图中显示。距离近的样本相似度较高,而距离越远的样本差异性越大。由图5可知,糖皮质激素联合IL-2处理后细胞基因表达与非药物处理组,而糖皮质激素单独处理的细胞与另外两组细胞的基因表达具有较大差异。
聚类分析也是评价样本间基因表达差异的生物信息学分析法,使用无监督聚类分析(Hierarchical Clustering),可以通过基因表达模式相似的样本聚在一起,从而发现样本间差异基因;而这些差异基因往往具有相关性,可能是类似的功能,也可能共同参与某一同路的信号传导。由图6可知,IL-2可逆转Prednisolone对CD4+T细胞的影响,与非药物处理组近似度更高,除了一例Prednisolone单独处理组。可能是不同人的细胞对Prednisolone反应强度不一所致。Prednisolone单独处理组相比非药物处理组,有2400个基因上调,2079个基因下调;而IL-2联合Prednisolone组比Prednisolone单独处理组具有2614个基因上调,3230个基因下调,相比非药物处理组具有1798个基因上调,1612个基因下调。三组间均具有一定的基因表达差异。
为了探寻这些差异基因的功能,本发明进行了基因本体(Gene Ontology,GO)功能富集分析,并从生物过程方面进行对比。由图7可知,在CD4+T细胞中,Prednisolone单独处理可降低T细胞信号通路与NF-κB炎性通路基因,但对抗病毒反应基因亦有显著的下调作用;而IL-2对Prednisolone逆转最显著的是CD4+T细胞的抗病毒反应基因。相比非药物处理组,当IL-2和Prednisolone共同处理时,尽管会上调CD4+T细胞的免疫反应相关基因,但同样会显著上调对免疫反应负向调节相关基因。因CD4+T细胞主要以效应T细胞为主,因此转录组测序提示的差异基因多为效应T细胞基因,但即使Treg细胞比例相对较少,亦可显著地观察到免疫反应负向调节基因的上调。
实施例4
对实施例1中2016年6月~2017年4月间患者治疗前后的Treg染色
1.分离PBMCs。
2.使用PBS将细胞转移至流式管中,每管100μL。
3.按下面方案加入流式抗体,室温避光孵育30min。
CD3 Alexa Fluor 7002μL
CD4 FITC 2μL
CD8 PerCP 2μL
CXCR5 APC 2μL
PD-1Biotin 2μL
CCR7 Brilliant Violet 421 2μL
CCR6 Brilliant Violet 650 2μL
CXCR3 PE-CF594 2μL
CD127 Brilliant Violet 605 1μL
CD25 PE 3μL
CD45RA Brilliant Violet 510 2μL。
4.加入2mL PBS,1800r 6min,并弃上清。
5.加入StreptavidinPE-Cy7 1μL,室温避光孵育30min。
6.加入2mL PBS,1800r 6min,并弃上清。
7.加入200μL PBS重悬细胞,上机检测。
由图8可知,糖皮质激素联合低剂量IL-2治疗的SLE患者CD25highCD127lowTreg比例显著上调,而糖皮质激素治疗组相当部分患者的CD25highCD127lowTreg比例显著下降,说明在糖皮质激素治疗的同时,加用低剂量IL-2治疗可以减少接受糖皮质激素类药物治疗后患者的CD4+CD25highCD127low Treg比例降低的发生率,并可进一步提高这些Treg细胞的比例。(Treg比例上升超过10%定义为显著上调,下降超过10%定义为显著下调,上升或下降范围在10%以内定义为比例无显著变化)。
由图9可知,糖皮质激素治疗导致相当一部分患者的Treg高表达CD25(即CD25++)的比例和及active Treg、resting Treg、non-Treg三类Treg亚群比例发生显著下降;而IL-2与糖皮质激素的联合使用可以显著提高Treg高表达CD25(即CD25++)及三类Treg比例在治疗后升高的患者的比例,比例提升具有统计学差异。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (1)
1.IL-2在制备缓解糖皮质激素类药物副作用的药物中的应用;
所述糖皮质激素副作用为对Treg细胞的抑制和感染风险的增加;
所述药物用于治疗系统性红斑狼疮;
所述IL-2能够减少接受所述糖皮质激素类药物治疗患者的CD4+CD25highCD127low Treg、active Treg、resting Treg、non-Treg细胞比例下降的发生率;
所述IL-2能够减少接受所述糖皮质激素类药物治疗患者的CD4+ Treg细胞CD25表达下降的发生率;
所述IL-2能提升CD4+ Treg细胞的pSTAT5水平;
所述IL-2能够提升CD4+ T细胞抗病毒相关基因的表达,并且使CD4+ T细胞免疫反应负向调节相关的基因上调。
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