CN113193674A - Rotor assembly and self-starting permanent magnet synchronous reluctance motor - Google Patents
Rotor assembly and self-starting permanent magnet synchronous reluctance motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN113193674A CN113193674A CN202110656304.3A CN202110656304A CN113193674A CN 113193674 A CN113193674 A CN 113193674A CN 202110656304 A CN202110656304 A CN 202110656304A CN 113193674 A CN113193674 A CN 113193674A
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- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 241000555745 Sciuridae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 39
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 claims 3
- BGPVFRJUHWVFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N1=C2C=CC=CC2=[N+]([O-])C1(CC1)CCC21N=C1C=CC=CC1=[N+]2[O-] Chemical compound N1=C2C=CC=CC2=[N+]([O-])C1(CC1)CCC21N=C1C=CC=CC1=[N+]2[O-] BGPVFRJUHWVFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 15
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/02—Details
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- Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
- Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a rotor assembly and a self-starting permanent magnet synchronous reluctance motor. The rotor assembly comprises a rotor core (1), wherein a shaft hole (6), a slit groove (2), a q-axis squirrel cage groove (3) and permanent magnets (4) are arranged on the cross section of the central axis of the rotor core (1), the q-axis squirrel cage groove (3) is formed in two ends of the slit groove (2), the permanent magnets (4) are arranged at two ends of at least part of the slit groove (2), and the two permanent magnets (4) in the same slit groove (2) are arranged at intervals. According to the rotor subassembly of this application, can increase the utilization ratio in rotor space, when utilizing motor reluctance torque, the permanent magnet torque of increase motor reduces the motor iron loss, promotes motor and gives out power and efficiency.
Description
The present application claims priority from chinese patent application entitled "rotor assembly and self-starting permanent magnet synchronous reluctance machine" filed by the chinese patent office on 26/1/2021 under the application number 2021101026526, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a rotor assembly and a self-starting permanent magnet synchronous reluctance motor.
Background
The self-starting permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor combines the advantages of an asynchronous motor on the basis of the permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor, realizes self-starting through asynchronous torque generated by a rotor conducting bar, and realizes constant-speed operation through permanent magnet torque and reluctance torque. Compared with an asynchronous motor, the motor can run at a constant speed, the loss of a rotor is low, and the efficiency is high; compared with an asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor, the permanent magnet synchronous motor has the advantages of less permanent magnet consumption and low motor cost.
However, the rotor of the self-starting permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor is simultaneously provided with the magnetic barrier layer and the magnetic conduction channel, the width of the magnetic barrier layer and the width of the magnetic conduction channel are mutually restricted, and the motor efficiency is affected no matter the width of the magnetic barrier layer or the width of the magnetic conduction channel is too small, so that the saturation degree of a rotor core is high, and the motor saturation degree is further increased by arranging the magnetic barrier layer and the permanent magnet, so that the motor iron loss is increased, and the motor efficiency is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem that this application will be solved lies in providing a rotor subassembly and self-starting permanent magnet synchronous reluctance motor, can increase the utilization ratio in rotor space, when utilizing motor reluctance torque, increases the permanent magnet torque of motor, reduces motor iron loss, promotes motor and exports power and efficiency.
In order to solve the problem, the application provides a rotor assembly, including rotor core, on the cross section of the central axis of perpendicular to rotor core, be provided with shaft hole, slot, q axle squirrel cage groove and permanent magnet on the rotor core, q axle squirrel cage groove sets up the both ends at the slot, and the permanent magnet is installed at the both ends of at least partial slot, is located two permanent magnet intervals settings of same slot.
Preferably, the slit groove includes an arc line segment and straight line segments, and the straight line segments are located at both ends of the arc line segment.
Preferably, the d-axis direction width of the arc segment increases in a direction away from the d-axis.
Preferably, the slit grooves are at least two layers, the width of the d-axis direction of the slit grooves increases progressively along the direction from the middle to the two ends, and the width of the d-axis direction of the magnetic conduction channel between the adjacent slit grooves increases progressively along the direction from the middle to the two ends.
Preferably, the slit groove comprises a magnetic resistance section and mounting sections, the mounting sections are located at two ends of the magnetic resistance section, the mounting sections extend along the q-axis direction, the permanent magnet is mounted in the mounting sections, and the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet is parallel to the d-axis.
Preferably, the permanent magnets are arranged in at least two layers, and the length of the permanent magnets in the q-axis direction increases in a direction radially inward of the d-axis.
Preferably, the permanent magnets are arranged in at least two layers, and the minimum distance between the permanent magnets and the d axis is decreased along the direction radially inward of the d axis.
Preferably, the q-axis cage grooves extend in the q-axis direction and are parallel with respect to the q-axis.
Preferably, the width of the magnetic conduction channel between two adjacent q-axis squirrel-cage grooves is d1, the width of the magnetic conduction channel between two slit grooves corresponding to the two q-axis squirrel-cage grooves is d2, wherein d1 is more than or equal to d 2.
Preferably, the slot grooves and the permanent magnets are both multilayer, and the number of layers of the slot grooves is greater than or equal to that of the permanent magnets.
Preferably, when the number of layers of the slit groove is greater than that of the permanent magnet, the width of the slit groove without the permanent magnet in the d-axis direction increases progressively along the direction away from the d-axis, the slit groove with the permanent magnet comprises an arc line segment and a straight line segment, the straight line segment is located at two ends of the arc line segment, and the permanent magnet is installed in the straight line segment.
Preferably, the curvature of the arc line segment of the slit groove decreases in the direction radially outward along the d-axis, and the curvature of the outer arc of the slit groove located at the same layer is smaller than the curvature of the inner arc.
Preferably, the rotor core is further provided with a d-axis squirrel-cage groove, and the d-axis squirrel-cage groove is located on one side, close to the d axis, of the q-axis squirrel-cage groove.
Preferably, the d-axis cage slots extend in a circumferential direction of the rotor core.
Preferably, one d-axis squirrel-cage groove is arranged under the same pole, and the d-axis squirrel-cage groove is arranged on the d axis; or at least two d-axis squirrel-cage grooves under the same pole are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the rotor core.
Preferably, under the same pole, along the direction of the d axis, the radial width of the d-axis squirrel cage groove is m1, the radial width of the slit groove positioned on the d axis is m2, and the radial width between the outer circle of the shaft hole and the outer circle of the rotor core is m3, wherein (m1+ ∑ m2)/m3 is 0.3-0.5.
Preferably, the total area of the q-axis cage grooves and the d-axis cage grooves is S1, and the total area of the q-axis cage grooves, the d-axis cage grooves and the slit grooves is S2, wherein S1/S2 is 30-70%.
Preferably, on the cross section of the rotor core, an included angle formed by connecting lines between the two circumferential ends of the d-axis squirrel-cage groove and the central axis of the rotor core is alpha 1, wherein alpha 1 is more than or equal to 20 degrees and less than or equal to 60 degrees.
Preferably, the total area of the d-axis cage grooves under each pole is S3, and the maximum area of the single q-axis cage groove is S4, wherein S3 ≧ 2S 4.
Preferably, the q-axis squirrel-cage groove and the d-axis squirrel-cage groove are filled with conductive and non-magnetic materials, end rings are arranged at two ends of the rotor core, and the q-axis squirrel-cage groove and the d-axis squirrel-cage groove are in short-circuit connection through the end rings to form a squirrel-cage structure.
Preferably, the width of the shaft hole in the d-axis is less than or equal to the width in the q-axis; and/or the rotor assembly is of a two-pole structure.
According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a self-starting permanent magnet synchronous reluctance machine comprising a stator and a rotor assembly, the rotor assembly being as described above.
Preferably, when the slot and the permanent magnet are in multiple layers and the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet is parallel to the d axis, the minimum thickness of each layer of the permanent magnet along the magnetizing direction is h, wherein h is more than or equal to 4 sigma and less than or equal to 8.5 sigma, and sigma is the radial width of an air gap between the stator and the rotor core.
Preferably, the width of a magnetic conduction channel between two q-axis squirrel cage grooves adjacent to the q axis is d3, the tooth width of the stator is t, and d3 is larger than t.
Preferably, the minimum spacing between the q-axis cage slots and the slot slots of the same layer is h1, where 0.8 σ ≦ h1 ≦ 2 σ, σ being the radial width of the air gap between the stator and rotor core.
Preferably, the minimum spacing between the q-axis cage slots and the outer rotor circle of the rotor core is h2, where h2 > σ, σ being the radial width of the air gap between the stator and the rotor core.
Preferably, when the rotor core is provided with q-axis squirrel cage grooves, slit grooves, permanent magnets and d-axis squirrel cage grooves, the q-axis squirrel cage grooves, the slit grooves and the permanent magnets in the same layer form a permanent magnet barrier layer, and/or the q-axis squirrel cage grooves and the slit grooves in the same layer form a permanent magnet barrier layer, and/or the d-axis squirrel cage grooves in the same layer form a permanent magnet barrier layer, the minimum distance between adjacent permanent magnet barrier layers is h3, the minimum width of the permanent magnet barrier layer with the smaller width in the d-axis direction in the adjacent permanent magnet barrier layers in the d-axis direction is h4, wherein h3 is more than or equal to 1.8h 4.
The application provides a rotor subassembly, including rotor core, on rotor core's cross section, last shaft hole, slot groove, the squirrel cage groove of q axle and the permanent magnet of being provided with of rotor core, q axle squirrel cage groove sets up the both ends at the slot groove, and the permanent magnet is installed at the both ends in at least partial slot groove, is located two permanent magnet intervals setting of same slot inslot. The rotor assembly arranges the permanent magnets at two ends of the slit groove, so that the rotor space can be reasonably utilized to arrange the permanent magnets, the reluctance torque of the motor is ensured, the permanent magnet torque of the motor is increased, the output and efficiency of the motor are improved, and the power factor of the motor is improved; on the other hand, the permanent magnets arranged at the two ends can also reduce the iron loss of the motor, and further improve the efficiency of the motor.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a rotor assembly according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a rotor assembly according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a torque curve comparison of an electric machine according to an embodiment of the present application and a related art electric machine;
fig. 4 is a graph comparing iron loss of the motor of the embodiment of the present application with that of the related art;
FIG. 5 is a plot of output torque versus (m1 +. sigma.m 2)/m3 for a motor according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a graph of pull-in torque versus S1/S2 for a motor according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a plot of pull-in torque and efficiency versus α 1 for a motor according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a relationship between the rotation speed and S3 during the starting process of the motor according to the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a graph of the average flux density and efficiency of a permanent magnet of a motor according to an embodiment of the present application versus h/σ;
FIG. 10 is a plot of motor torque versus d3 for an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 11 is a graph of the magnetic leakage coefficient of the magnetic circuit between the q-axis cage slot and the slit slot in relation to h 1/sigma;
FIG. 12 is a graph of output torque of the motor in relation to h3 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a relationship between the iron loss of the motor and h3 according to the embodiment of the present application.
The reference numerals are represented as:
1. a rotor core; 2. a slit groove; 3. a q-axis squirrel cage slot; 4. a permanent magnet; 5. a d-axis squirrel cage groove; 6. a shaft hole; 7. an installation section; 8. a magnetoresistive segment.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 4 in combination, according to an embodiment of the present application, a rotor assembly includes a rotor core 1, and on a cross section perpendicular to a central axis of the rotor core 1, a shaft hole 6, a slit groove 2, a q-axis cage groove 3 and a permanent magnet 4 are disposed on the rotor core 1, the q-axis cage groove 3 is disposed at two ends of the slit groove 2, the permanent magnet 4 is mounted at two ends of at least a part of the slit groove 2, and two permanent magnets 4 located in the same slit groove 2 are disposed at an interval.
In the related art, each pole of a rotor assembly of a self-starting permanent magnet synchronous reluctance motor is provided with a permanent magnet barrier layer formed by a plurality of layers of slot grooves 2 and q-axis squirrel cage grooves 3, when a permanent magnet 4 is arranged in the middle of the permanent magnet barrier layer, namely on a d axis, the center of a rotor magnetic pole, namely the position of the d axis, is influenced by a shaft hole 6, so that the space of a rotor core in the direction of a d main shaft is insufficient, if a larger magnetic flux is to be kept, the width of the permanent magnet 4 must be ensured, thus, a magnetic conduction channel between adjacent permanent magnet barrier layers is narrowed, further, the magnetic conduction channel is supersaturated, the motor efficiency is reduced, and if the magnetic conduction channel is not supersaturated, the width of the permanent magnet 4 is limited, the motor magnetic flux is reduced, and the motor efficiency is reduced. Therefore, the permanent magnet 4 is disposed on the d-axis, and no matter how to adjust the widths of the permanent magnet 4 and the magnetic conduction channel, the motor efficiency is reduced to a certain extent and the motor iron loss is increased due to the limitation of the radial thickness of the rotor core 1 on the d-axis.
In order to solve the above problems, the present application arranges the permanent magnets 4 located in the slot 2 at two ends of the slot 2, respectively, so that the permanent magnets 4 originally located at the d-axis are changed to be located at two ends of the slot 2, thereby avoiding the over-saturation phenomenon caused by the concentration of the magnetic flux at the d-axis, and simultaneously ensuring the magnetic flux of the whole motor, and in addition, arranges the permanent magnets 4 at two ends of the slot 2, so as to avoid the rotor core with smaller thickness in the d-axis direction, which is most affected by the shaft hole 6, so that the spaces of the rotor core at two ends of the slot 2 can be fully utilized, thereby not only ensuring that the permanent magnets 4 at two ends of the slot 2 have enough thickness, providing more magnetic fluxes, but also ensuring that the width of the magnetic conduction channel between the adjacent slots 2 is enough, and avoiding the over-saturation phenomenon, therefore, on one hand, the rotor space can be reasonably utilized to arrange the permanent magnets 4, the reluctance torque of the motor is ensured, and meanwhile, the permanent magnet torque of the motor is increased, the output and the efficiency of the motor are improved, and the power factor of the motor is improved; on the other hand, the permanent magnets 4 arranged at the two ends can also reduce the iron loss of the motor, and further improve the efficiency of the motor. In the present embodiment, the rotor assembly has a two-pole structure.
In addition, the permanent magnets 4 are arranged at the two ends of the slot 2, so that the magnetic field direction of the permanent magnets 4 can not be directly opposite to the stator demagnetization magnetic field, and the demagnetization resistance of the permanent magnets 4 can be effectively improved.
In one embodiment, the slit grooves 2 are at least two layers, the width of the slit grooves 2 in the d-axis direction increases gradually from the middle to the two ends, the width of the magnetic conduction channel between the adjacent slit grooves 2 in the d-axis direction increases gradually from the middle to the two ends, so that the width of the permanent magnet 4 in the d-axis direction can be greater than the width of the slit groove 2 on the d-axis, and meanwhile, the width of the magnetic conduction channel at the position of the permanent magnet 4 can be greater than the width of the magnetic conduction channel on the d-axis, and on the basis of the increase of the thickness and the increase of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 4, the width of the magnetic conduction channel is also increased, so that the width of the magnetic conduction channel can still meet the magnetic conduction requirement of the permanent magnet 4 with the increased thickness, thereby avoiding the over-saturation phenomenon of the magnetic conduction channel, improving the magnetic flux of the motor, and increasing the permanent magnet torque of the motor while ensuring the reluctance torque of the motor, the motor output and efficiency are improved, and the motor power factor is improved.
In one embodiment, the permanent magnet is a rare earth permanent magnet, and the rare earth permanent magnet has the advantages of high remanence and strong demagnetization resistance, so that the demagnetization resistance of the permanent magnet 4 can be improved.
In one embodiment, the permanent magnets 4 are arranged in at least two layers, with the length of the permanent magnets 4 in the direction of the q-axis increasing in a direction radially inward of the d-axis. Taking the rotor assembly comprising four layers of permanent magnets 4 as an example, the widths of the permanent magnets 4 along the d axis in the radially inward direction are L1, L2, L3 and L4 in sequence, wherein L4 > L3 > L2 > L1.
In one embodiment, the permanent magnets 4 are arranged in at least two layers, with the minimum spacing between the permanent magnets 4 and the d-axis decreasing in a direction radially inward of the d-axis. Taking the rotor assembly comprising four layers of permanent magnets 4 as an example, the minimum spacing between the permanent magnets 4 and the d-axis is L8, L7, L6 and L5 in sequence along the radially inward direction of the d-axis, wherein L8 > L7 > L6 > L5.
Can prescribe a limit to the structure and the position of permanent magnet 4 along the radial inward direction of d through above-mentioned structure to reduce the magnetic leakage part of permanent magnet 4 self short circuit, improve the utilization ratio of permanent magnet.
The slit groove 2 and the permanent magnet 4 are both multilayer, and the number of layers of the slit groove 2 is larger than or equal to that of the permanent magnet 4, so that the reluctance torque of the motor can be better utilized, and the motor output is improved.
In one embodiment, when the number of layers of the slit groove 2 is greater than that of the permanent magnet 4, the width of the slit groove 2 without the permanent magnet 4 in the d-axis direction increases progressively along the direction away from the d-axis, the slit groove 2 with the permanent magnet 4 is composed of an arc line section and a straight line section, the straight line section is located at two ends of the arc line section, and the permanent magnet 4 is installed in the straight line section.
The slit groove 2 comprises a magnetic resistance section 8 and installation sections 7, the installation sections 7 are located at two ends of the magnetic resistance section 8, the installation sections 7 extend along the q-axis direction, the permanent magnet 4 is installed in the installation sections 7, and the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet 4 is parallel to the d-axis.
The permanent magnets 4 are arranged at the two ends of the slit groove 2, so that the rotor space can be reasonably utilized to arrange the permanent magnets 4, the reluctance torque of the motor is ensured, the permanent magnet torque of the motor is increased, the output and the efficiency of the motor are improved, and the power factor of the motor is improved, as shown in fig. 3, a torque comparison graph of the motor and a motor in the related art is shown; on the other hand, the permanent magnets arranged at the two ends can also reduce the iron loss of the motor, so that the efficiency of the motor is further improved, and the iron loss of the motor is compared with that of the motor in the related art as shown in fig. 4.
As can be seen from fig. 3, the motor torque of the present application is increased by about 10% and the iron loss is reduced by about 10% compared with the motor torque in the related art, so that both the motor performance and the efficiency are greatly improved.
In one embodiment, the q-axis cage grooves 3 extend in the q-axis direction and are parallel to the q-axis, so that the q-axis cage grooves 3 and the slit grooves 2 can be matched to form a smooth rotor magnetic conduction channel.
In one embodiment, the width of the magnetic conduction channel between two adjacent q-axis squirrel-cage grooves 3 is d1, the width of the magnetic conduction channel between two slit grooves 2 corresponding to the two q-axis squirrel-cage grooves 3 is d2, wherein d1 is greater than or equal to d2, so that sufficient width can be ensured to be reserved between the q-axis squirrel-cage grooves 3, and magnetic field saturation is avoided from occurring to affect the magnetic flux circulation of the magnetic conduction channel between adjacent permanent magnet barrier layers.
In one embodiment, the slit groove 2 includes an arc segment and straight line segments, the straight line segments are located at two ends of the arc segment, and the d-axis direction width of the arc segment increases in a direction away from the d-axis.
In one embodiment, the curvature of the arc segment of the slit groove 2 decreases in the direction radially outward along the d-axis, and the curvature of the outer arc of the slit groove 2 located at the same layer is smaller than that of the inner arc. Here, the outer arc refers to an arc located radially outward in the d-axis direction in the slot groove 2 of the same layer, and the inner arc refers to an arc located radially outward in the d-axis direction in the slot groove 2 of the same layer. Open in the middle of rotor core 1 has shaft hole 6, adopts such setting mode can increase the utilization ratio in rotor space, and rational arrangement slot 2 to increase rotor salient pole ratio, promote motor reluctance torque. Both ends of the slit groove 2 extend in the q-axis direction as straight line segments parallel to the q-axis, and the straight line segments are used as mounting segments 7 for mounting the permanent magnets 4. Through the limitation, the position of the permanent magnet 4 can be designed by utilizing the special shape of the slot 2 according to the characteristic that the space of the rotor core 1 close to the excircle side is large, so that the reluctance torque of the motor is ensured, the permanent magnet torque is increased, and the motor output is further improved.
The rotor core 1 is also provided with a d-axis squirrel-cage groove 5, and the d-axis squirrel-cage groove 5 is positioned on one side of the q-axis squirrel-cage groove 3 close to the d axis.
In one embodiment, the d-axis cage slots 5 extend in the circumferential direction of the rotor core 1.
In one embodiment, there is one d-axis cage groove 5 under the same pole, the d-axis cage groove 5 being arranged on the d-axis.
In one embodiment, the number of the d-axis cage grooves 5 under the same pole is at least two, and the at least two d-axis cage grooves 5 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the rotor core 1.
Under same utmost point, along d axle direction, the radial width of d axle squirrel cage groove 5 is m1, and the radial width that lies in the epaxial slot 2 of d is m2, and the radial width between the excircle of shaft hole 6 and the rotor excircle of rotor core 1 is m3, and wherein (m1+ ∑ m2)/m3 is 0.3 ~ 0.5, and the purpose is to select reasonable magnetic barrier to account for the ratio, has both guaranteed sufficient magnetic barrier width, guarantees reasonable magnetic flux passageway again, when increasing the motor salient pole ratio, prevents to appear the magnetic circuit supersaturation. As shown in fig. 5, it is a relation curve between the output torque of the motor and (m1+ ∑ m2)/m3 of the present application technology, when (m1+ ∑ m2)/m3 is in the range of 0.3-0.5, the motor can ensure a large output torque, and when (m1+ Σm2)/m3 is in the range of less than 0.3 or more than 0.5, the motor torque drops rapidly.
The total area of the q-axis cage grooves 3 and the d-axis cage grooves 5 is S1, and the total area of the q-axis cage grooves 3, the d-axis cage grooves 5 and the slit grooves 2 is S2, wherein S1/S2 is 30% to 70%, and preferably S1/S2 is 35% to 50%. By reasonably limiting the proportional relation between S1 and S2, the squirrel cage groove area with a certain proportion can be ensured, so that the motor has certain load starting capability. As shown in FIG. 6, which is a relation curve between the motor pull-in torque and S1/S2 according to the present invention, the pull-in torque increases first and then decreases with the increase of S1/S2, when S1/S2 is greater than 70%, the pull-in torque starts to decrease, when S1/S2 is in the range of 30% -70%, the motor can ensure a larger pull-in torque, and when S1/S2 is in the range of 35% -50%, the pull-in torque increases faster with the increase of S1/S2, and 35% -50% is a better proportion range.
On the cross section of the rotor core 1, an included angle formed by connecting lines between the two circumferential ends of the d-axis squirrel-cage grooves 5 and the central axis of the rotor core 1 is alpha 1, wherein alpha 1 is more than or equal to 20 degrees and less than or equal to 60 degrees, the total area of the d-axis squirrel-cage grooves 5 under each pole is S3, the maximum area of a single q-axis squirrel-cage groove 3 is S4, and S3 is more than or equal to 2S 4. By the arrangement, the d-axis squirrel cage groove 5 can form an arc-shaped magnetic barrier layer and serve as a squirrel cage groove, so that the d-axis squirrel cage groove can be used as the magnetic barrier layer to increase the reluctance torque of the motor, and can also be used as a starting squirrel cage to improve the starting performance of the motor. As shown in FIG. 7, which is a relation curve between the motor pull-in torque and efficiency and α 1 in the present technology, it can be known from the figure that the motor efficiency increases with the increase of α 1 and then decreases, the pull-in torque increases with the increase of α 1, and α 1 should satisfy 20 ° < α 1 > and < 60 ° by comprehensively considering the motor efficiency and the pull-in torque. As shown in FIG. 8, the relationship between the rotation speed and S3 in the starting process of the motor of the present application is shown, the motor can be successfully started to the synchronous rotation speed in the range of S3 ≥ 2S4, and when S3 < 2S4, the rotation speed of the motor fluctuates below the synchronous speed, and synchronization cannot be involved.
The q-axis squirrel-cage groove 3 and the d-axis squirrel-cage groove 5 are filled with conductive and non-magnetic materials, preferably aluminum or aluminum alloy, the two ends of the rotor core 1 are provided with end rings, the q-axis squirrel-cage groove 3 and the d-axis squirrel-cage groove 5 are in short circuit connection through the end rings to form a squirrel-cage structure, and the end ring materials are the same as the filling materials in the filling grooves. The self-short-circuited squirrel-cage structure provides asynchronous torque in the starting stage of the motor so as to realize the self-starting of the motor. The rotor multilayer permanent magnetic barrier structure consisting of the slot 2, the squirrel cage slot and the permanent magnet 4 provides permanent magnet torque and reluctance torque for the motor so as to realize synchronous operation of the motor.
In one embodiment, the width of the shaft hole 6 on the d axis is smaller than that on the q axis, so that a flat shaft hole structure can be formed, the width of the rotor core 1 on the d axis is increased, the rotor space is increased, the arrangement of the slot 2 and the magnetic conduction channel is facilitated, and better motor performance is obtained.
In one embodiment, the shaft hole 6 is circular, elliptical, or similar to a circle formed by a combination of circular arcs and straight lines.
According to an embodiment of the present application, a self-starting permanent magnet synchronous reluctance machine includes a stator and a rotor assembly, which is the above-described rotor assembly.
When the slot 2 and the permanent magnet 4 are both multilayer, and the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet 4 is parallel to the d axis, the minimum thickness of each layer of permanent magnet 4 along the magnetizing direction is h, wherein h is more than or equal to 4 sigma and less than or equal to 8.5 sigma, and sigma is the radial width of the air gap between the stator and the rotor core 1. Preferably, h is more than or equal to 5 sigma and less than or equal to 7 sigma, and optimally, h is more than or equal to 5.2 sigma and less than or equal to 5.4 sigma, so that the permanent magnet is ensured to have higher demagnetization resistance, and the motor performance is improved. As shown in fig. 9, which is a relationship curve between the average flux density and efficiency of the permanent magnet of the motor and h/σ in the present application, the average flux density of the permanent magnet increases and the increasing amplitude gradually decreases with the increase of h/σ, and when h/σ is greater than 8.5, the average flux density of the permanent magnet tends to be constant; along with the increase of h/sigma, the efficiency of the motor is increased firstly and then reduced, and the proportion of h/sigma is selected, so that the permanent magnet is ensured to have larger average magnetic density and higher efficiency.
In one embodiment, the width of the magnetic conduction channel between two q-axis squirrel cage grooves 3 adjacent to the q axis is d3, the width of the stator tooth part is t, wherein d3 is more than t, so as to ensure that the main magnetic circuit channel is not saturated, and simultaneously, the magnetic flux effectively enters the stator tooth part to generate torque. As shown in FIG. 10, the relationship between the output torque of the motor and d3 in the present technology is shown, and d3 > t can increase the output torque of the motor.
The minimum spacing between the q-axis cage slots 3 and the slit slots 2 of the same layer is h1, wherein 0.8 sigma is more than or equal to h1 is more than or equal to 2 sigma, and sigma is the radial width of the air gap between the stator and the rotor core 1. The purpose of setting up like this can guarantee the mechanical strength of rotor part structure on the one hand, reduces the magnetic leakage between q axle squirrel cage groove 3 and the slit groove 2, and on the other hand is smoothly connected between q axle squirrel cage groove 3 and the slit groove 2, can make the magnetic circuit passageway of rotor part smooth and easy, reduces rotor magnetic circuit magnetic resistance. As shown in fig. 11, which is a relation curve between the leakage coefficient of the magnetic circuit between the q-axis squirrel cage slot 3 and the slit slot 2 and h1/σ in the motor of the present invention, the leakage coefficient is increased with the increase of h1/σ, the leakage is increased, and the motor performance is deteriorated; however, the mechanical strength of the motor is improved due to the increase of h 1/sigma, and the range of h 1/sigma is selected to be 0.8-2 by comprehensively considering the magnetic leakage and the mechanical strength of the motor.
The minimum interval between the q-axis squirrel-cage groove 3 and the outer circle of the rotor core 1 is h2, wherein h2 is more than sigma, and sigma is the radial width of an air gap between the stator and the rotor core 1, so that the leakage flux of the motor can be reduced and the efficiency of the motor can be improved under the condition of ensuring the mechanical strength of the rotor.
When the rotor core 1 is provided with the q-axis squirrel-cage grooves 3, the slit grooves 2, the permanent magnets 4 and the d-axis squirrel-cage grooves 5, the q-axis squirrel-cage grooves 3, the slit grooves 2 and the permanent magnets 4 which are positioned on the same layer form a permanent magnet magnetic barrier layer, and/or the q-axis squirrel-cage grooves 3 and the slit grooves 2 which are positioned on the same layer form a permanent magnet magnetic barrier layer, and/or the d-axis squirrel-cage grooves 5 which are positioned on the same layer form a permanent magnet magnetic barrier layer, the minimum distance between the adjacent permanent magnet magnetic barrier layers is h3, the minimum width of the permanent magnet magnetic barrier layer with smaller width along the d-axis direction in the adjacent permanent magnet magnetic barrier layers in the d-axis direction is h4, wherein h3 is more than or equal to 1.8h 4. The arrangement can also reduce the processing difficulty of the rotor and ensure the uniformity and the unsaturation degree of the magnetic density distribution of the rotor. As shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13, which are the relations between the output torque and the iron loss of the motor and h3, h3 is more than or equal to 1.8h4, which can ensure the width of the magnetic barrier layer, improve the output torque, reduce the iron loss and improve the motor efficiency.
In this embodiment, the rotor core 1 includes three types of permanent magnet magnetic barrier layers, the first type of permanent magnet magnetic barrier layer is a permanent magnet magnetic barrier layer formed by a single d-axis squirrel cage groove 5, the second type of permanent magnet magnetic barrier layer is a permanent magnet magnetic barrier layer formed by a q-axis squirrel cage groove 3 and a slit groove 2 on the same layer, and the third type of permanent magnet magnetic barrier layer is a permanent magnet magnetic barrier layer formed by a q-axis squirrel cage groove 3, a slit groove 2 and a permanent magnet 4 on the same layer, which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside in the radial direction of the d axis.
It is readily understood by a person skilled in the art that the advantageous ways described above can be freely combined, superimposed without conflict.
The present invention is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments shown and described, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features herein disclosed. The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present application, and these modifications and variations should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (27)
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| CN2021101026526 | 2021-01-26 | ||
| CN202110102652.6A CN112968550A (en) | 2021-01-26 | 2021-01-26 | Rotor assembly and self-starting permanent magnet synchronous reluctance motor |
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| CN202110656304.3A Pending CN113193674A (en) | 2021-01-26 | 2021-06-11 | Rotor assembly and self-starting permanent magnet synchronous reluctance motor |
| CN202121310878.7U Active CN215186137U (en) | 2021-01-26 | 2021-06-11 | Rotor assembly and self-starting permanent magnet synchronous reluctance motor |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113964971A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-01-21 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Motor rotors and self-starting synchronous reluctance motors |
| CN113964970A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-01-21 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Motor rotors and self-starting synchronous reluctance motors |
| CN113964972A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-01-21 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Motor rotor and self-starting synchronous reluctance motor |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112968550A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-06-15 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Rotor assembly and self-starting permanent magnet synchronous reluctance motor |
| CN114598077A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-06-07 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Self-starting synchronous reluctance compressor and refrigeration equipment system |
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| CN215186137U (en) | 2021-12-14 |
| CN112968550A (en) | 2021-06-15 |
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