CN113186449B - Preparation method of durable stainless steel pot - Google Patents
Preparation method of durable stainless steel pot Download PDFInfo
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- CN113186449B CN113186449B CN202110237668.8A CN202110237668A CN113186449B CN 113186449 B CN113186449 B CN 113186449B CN 202110237668 A CN202110237668 A CN 202110237668A CN 113186449 B CN113186449 B CN 113186449B
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000403 monosodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000019799 monosodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000013077 target material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 34
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 19
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003670 easy-to-clean Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010794 food waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
- B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
- B08B3/10—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration
- B08B3/12—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration by sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/001—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Ni
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0081—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for slabs; for billets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/73—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals characterised by the process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/73—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals characterised by the process
- C23C22/76—Applying the liquid by spraying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
- C23G1/08—Iron or steel
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cookers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of stainless steel pot manufacturing, in particular to a preparation method of a durable stainless steel pot, which is prepared by forming a ceramic layer on the surface of the stainless steel by using 0.08-0.12% of carbon, 1-1.5% of manganese, 0.1-0.3% of silicon, 0.3-0.6% of bismuth, 2-4% of nickel, 0.01-0.03% of lanthanum and 0.1-0.3% of tungsten, forging iron into the stainless steel, and then carrying out hole sealing treatment on the ceramic layer by using zirconium oxide, boron nitride, silicon carbide, boron carbide and titanium nitride. The stainless steel pot manufactured by the invention has good adaptability, excellent wear resistance, firmness, durability and outstanding economic value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of stainless steel pot manufacturing, in particular to a preparation method of a durable stainless steel pot.
Background
In the development of the prior art, stainless steel cookers are popular in thousands of households and are used as common tools in daily life, and the stainless steel cookers play an important role no matter how kitchen cooking and dish frying are carried out in the bathroom. Moreover, with the increasing of the living standard of people, food safety and diet health are more important. The stainless steel pot is easy to clean, wear-resistant and durable, so that food residues can be reduced to the greatest extent, cleaning difficulty is reduced, and the stainless steel pot is more and more popular with people. The ceramic technology used on the surface of the stainless steel pot in the prior art is very common, but the ceramic layer is difficult to exert even if the ceramic layer has excellent performance in actual use due to insufficient strength of the pot body, and a certain amount of pits and gaps can be formed on a microscopic scale due to limited technology when the ceramic is coated on the surface of the stainless steel, so that the durability in actual use is greatly affected. For example, a non-stick pan containing a ceramic wear-resistant coating with the patent number of CN201710406788.X and a production process thereof are disclosed, wherein the pan body is manufactured through the procedures of smelting, pouring, heat treatment and the like, then ceramic coating is prepared into slurry to be coated on the surface of the pan body, finally, the steps of irradiation, strengthening treatment and the like are carried out to obtain a finished product, and the coating is not further treated in the manufacturing process, so that the durability and the oxidation resistance of the pan body are not optimal; in another example, the stainless steel surface antibacterial ceramic-like coating with the patent number of CN202010506814.8 and the preparation method thereof are prepared from organosilicon modified resin, titanium dioxide and active carbon, and the ceramic-like coating is directly mixed and glued by using materials, and has no ductility of effectively using metal as a whole, so that the mechanical adaptability of the main body structure of the pot body is poor, and the durability is poor. Therefore, it is necessary to study a stainless steel pot with a strong pot body and good wear resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of a durable stainless steel pot, so as to improve the wear resistance and strength of the stainless steel pot and enable the stainless steel pot to be more durable. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
a method for manufacturing a durable stainless steel pan, comprising the steps of:
(1) The raw materials are selected according to the following weight percentages: 0.08-0.12% of carbon, 1-1.5% of manganese, 0.1-0.3% of silicon, 0.3-0.6% of bismuth, 2-4% of nickel, 0.01-0.03% of lanthanum, 0.1-0.3% of tungsten and the balance of iron; smelting raw materials into molten steel, and preparing a steel plate; smelting steel plates into molten steel after forging, and forging the molten steel into stainless steel again after shaping by a die;
(2) Annealing the steel plate at 780-830 ℃, putting the steel plate into a smelting furnace, heating to 1100-1200 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1-2 hours, reducing the temperature to 800-850 ℃, rolling the steel plate to a thickness of 5-7mm, and performing stamping forming to obtain a stainless steel pan primary product;
(3) Polishing the surface of a stainless steel pot primary product, heating to 200-300 ℃, cooling to 45-50 ℃, placing the stainless steel pot primary product into a dilute acid solution, treating for 10-20 s by microwaves, placing the stainless steel pot into pure water, washing for 1-2 min, draining off water, and drying in vacuum for later use;
(4) Placing the stainless steel pot primary product into a vacuum chamber, pumping the vacuum chamber to a vacuum degree of 1-1.5X10-4 Pa, taking a ceramic material as a target, bombarding the target with argon under the action of an electric field, and enabling the target to be deposited on the surface of stainless steel to form a ceramic layer; the target material consists of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 1-3 parts of zirconium oxide, 4-6 parts of boron nitride, 1-3 parts of silicon carbide, 5-6 parts of boron carbide and 0.5-1 part of titanium nitride; the fineness of the target material is 30-50 nm;
(5) Immersing a stainless steel pot in a sodium dihydrogen phosphate solution, soaking for 1-3 min at 40-45 ℃, taking out the stainless steel pot, placing the stainless steel pot into a reactor, and pumping the reactor to the pressure of 0.1-0.3 standard atmospheric pressure; atomizing a calcium chloride solution by using an ultrasonic atomizer, injecting the atomized calcium chloride solution into a reactor, spraying the atomized calcium chloride solution on the surface of a stainless steel pot, injecting nitrogen gas, increasing the pressure in the reactor to 4-5 standard atmospheric pressures, adjusting the air humidity in the reactor to 75-80%, heating the air humidity to 80-90 ℃, adjusting the air flow rate in the reactor to 50-60 cm/s, and preserving the heat for 20-30 min; then placing the stainless steel pot in purified water for cleaning for 2-3 times;
(6) Placing the stainless steel pot treated in the previous step into a sodium silicate solution, reducing the temperature to 3-6 ℃, soaking for 10-15 min, taking out the stainless steel pot, placing the stainless steel pot into a reactor, filling carbon dioxide into the reactor, enabling the pressure in the reactor to be 2-3 standard atmospheric pressures, and standing for 30-40 min;
(7) Placing the stainless steel pot treated in the previous step into a heater, pumping to the pressure of 1-3 Pa, heating to 400-500 ℃, and preserving heat for 3-5 hours; and (5) after cooling, washing with water for 3-5 times.
Further, in the step (3), the dilute acid solution is hydrochloric acid solution with the mass fraction of 0.05-0.08%.
Further, in the step (3), the microwave power is 400-500 w.
Further, in the step (5), the concentration of the sodium dihydrogen phosphate solution is 0.3-0.5 mol/L.
Further, in the step (5), the concentration of the calcium chloride solution is 0.5-0.8 mol/L.
Further, in the step (5), the dosage of the calcium chloride solution is 1/3-1/2 of the mass of the stainless steel pot.
Further, in the step (6), the concentration of the sodium silicate solution is 0.5-0.8 mg/L.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, lanthanum is added into stainless steel raw materials, and the characteristics of solid solution of atoms and formation of rare earth hybrids are utilized, so that the grain boundary morphology of stainless steel is improved in smelting by lanthanum, and the connection between crystals in a steel structure is promoted to form ordered arrangement; inhibit the precipitation and aggregation formation of carbide along grain boundary, prevent the formation of stress dispersion structure between carbides, and achieve the purposes of strengthening steel structure crystal and reducing crystal fracture. The performance of macroscopic stainless steel is obviously improved, the tensile effect of the stainless steel can be effectively improved, the prepared stainless steel pot is better in adaptability and more durable, and the main body of the pot can be effectively used even if the surface ceramic is damaged.
According to the invention, microwave treatment is used when the stainless steel pot is cleaned by the acid solution, so that the collision between liquid molecules and the pot body is accelerated by utilizing the high-frequency characteristic of microwaves, and the treatment of the acid solution on the pot body is effectively improved. In addition, because lanthanum forms different crystal structure defects with different metals in the pot body, conductivity is different, so that microwave absorption is different between different positions of the pot body, temperature is different between different positions, and the reaction rate of an acid solution is different, partial complete corrosion and incomplete corrosion are formed, and then the rough surface of the pot body is reinforced, so that more bonding points are arranged between the ceramic and the stainless steel, and the bonding effect of the stainless steel and the ceramic is improved.
According to the invention, by using boron nitride, the use effect of the manufactured stainless steel cooker is ensured by utilizing the characteristics of good heat conductivity and high hardness of the boron nitride, food can be heated rapidly and efficiently, mechanical damage caused by scratch in use is prevented, the wear resistance of the ceramic layer is effectively improved, and the ceramic layer and the stainless steel rough surface form a firm occlusion structure due to the good hardness, so that the bonding effect between the ceramic layer and the stainless steel is remarkably improved. Can form good synergistic effect with titanium nitride, improve the resistance of stainless steel pot to environmental attack, show the durable effect that improves stainless steel pot for stainless steel and pottery form better wholeness.
According to the invention, a stainless steel pot is soaked into a sodium dihydrogen phosphate solution, and calcium phosphate deposition blocking ceramic gaps on the surface of the stainless steel pot are formed through uniform spraying of an atomized calcium chloride solution; the micro water flow motion on the surface of the stainless steel pot is utilized to promote the combination of sodium dihydrogen phosphate and calcium chloride to generate calcium phosphate through the proper humidity control in the reactor. The gap on the surface of the ceramic is effectively blocked, the roughness is reduced, the micro-scale is relatively smooth, the friction between an external object and the ceramic is reduced, and the wear resistance is obviously improved.
According to the invention, the sodium silicate solution is put into the stainless steel pot to react with the carbon dioxide under high pressure in the reactor to form local silicic acid or silicon dioxide, and the silicic acid or the silicon dioxide is further filled in the ceramic gap by utilizing the uniform dispersion of the carbon dioxide, so that the positions where the calcium phosphate deposition cannot be considered are optimized. Then immersing the sodium silicate solution, fully absorbing sodium silicate by the ceramic layer, injecting carbon dioxide into the closed environment, forcing part of sodium silicate and carbon dioxide to be immersed into the pores of the ceramic layer under high pressure to generate silicic acid, and heating in the step (7) to decompose the silicic acid to form silicon dioxide. Under the flushing action, the poor coagulation degree of the silicon dioxide deposited on the surface is flushed and removed, the good coagulation degree of the silicon dioxide formed in the ceramic pores is not flushed and removed, the ceramic rough surface can be reduced to the greatest extent, and the wear resistance is improved. The stainless steel pot manufactured by the method has the wear resistance lower than 0.15%, the tensile strength higher than 903.63Rm/Mpa, the bonding strength between the ceramic layer and the stainless steel higher than 79.67MPa, and good durability.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A method for manufacturing a durable stainless steel pan, comprising the steps of:
(1) The raw materials are selected according to the following weight percentages: 0.08% of carbon, 1% of manganese, 0.1% of silicon, 0.3% of bismuth, 2% of nickel, 0.01% of lanthanum, 0.1% of tungsten and the balance of iron; smelting raw materials into molten steel, and preparing a steel plate; smelting steel plates into molten steel after forging, and forging the molten steel into stainless steel again after shaping by a die;
(2) Annealing the steel plate at 780 ℃, putting the steel plate into a smelting furnace, heating to 1100 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1h, reducing the temperature to 800 ℃, rolling the steel plate to a thickness of 5mm, and performing stamping forming to obtain a stainless steel pot primary product;
(3) Polishing the surface of a stainless steel pot primary product, heating to 200 ℃, cooling to 45 ℃, placing the stainless steel pot primary product into a dilute acid solution, treating for 10s by microwaves, placing the stainless steel pot into pure water, washing for 1min, draining off water, and drying in vacuum for standby; the dilute acid solution is hydrochloric acid solution with the mass fraction of 0.05%; the microwave power is 400W;
(4) Placing the stainless steel pan into a vacuum chamber, and vacuumizing the vacuum chamber to a vacuum degree of 1.5X10 ~4 Pa, taking a ceramic material as a target, bombarding the target with argon under the action of an electric field, so that the target is deposited on the surface of the stainless steel to form a ceramic layer; the target material consists of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 1 part of zirconia, 4 parts of boron nitride, 1 part of silicon carbide, 5 parts of boron carbide and 0.5 part of titanium nitride; the fineness of the target material is 30nm;
(5) Immersing a stainless steel pot in sodium dihydrogen phosphate solution, soaking for 1min at 40 ℃, taking out the stainless steel pot, placing the stainless steel pot into a reactor, and pumping the reactor to the pressure of 0.1 standard atmosphere; atomizing a calcium chloride solution by using an ultrasonic atomizer, injecting the atomized calcium chloride solution into a reactor, spraying the atomized calcium chloride solution on the surface of a stainless steel pot, injecting nitrogen gas, increasing the pressure in the reactor to 4 standard atmospheric pressures, adjusting the air humidity in the reactor to 75%, heating to 80 ℃, adjusting the air flow rate in the reactor to 50cm/s, and preserving heat for 20min; then placing the stainless steel pot in purified water for cleaning for 2 times;
the concentration of the sodium dihydrogen phosphate solution is 0.3mol/L; the concentration of the calcium chloride solution is 0.5mol/L, and the dosage of the calcium chloride solution is 1/3 of the mass of the stainless steel pot;
(6) Placing the stainless steel pot treated in the previous step into sodium silicate solution, reducing the temperature to 6 ℃, soaking for 10min, taking out the stainless steel pot, placing into a reactor, filling carbon dioxide into the reactor, enabling the pressure in the reactor to be 2 standard atmospheres, and standing for 30min; the concentration of the sodium silicate solution is 0.5mg/L;
(7) Placing the stainless steel pot treated in the previous step into a heater, pumping to the pressure of 1Pa, heating to 400 ℃, and preserving heat for 3 hours; and (3) washing with water for 3 times after cooling.
Example 2
A method for manufacturing a durable stainless steel pan, comprising the steps of:
(1) The raw materials are selected according to the following weight percentages: 0.12% of carbon, 1.5% of manganese, 0.3% of silicon, 0.6% of bismuth, 4% of nickel, 0.03% of lanthanum, 0.3% of tungsten and the balance of iron; smelting raw materials into molten steel, and preparing a steel plate; smelting steel plates into molten steel after forging, and forging the molten steel into stainless steel again after shaping by a die;
(2) Annealing the steel plate at 830 ℃, putting the steel plate into a smelting furnace, heating to 1200 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, reducing the temperature to 850 ℃, rolling the steel plate to a thickness of 7mm, and performing stamping forming to obtain a stainless steel pot primary product;
(3) Polishing the surface of a stainless steel pot primary product, heating to 300 ℃, cooling to 50 ℃, placing the stainless steel pot primary product into a dilute acid solution, treating for 20s by microwaves, placing the stainless steel pot into pure water, washing for 2min, draining off water, and drying in vacuum for standby; the dilute acid solution is hydrochloric acid solution with the mass fraction of 0.08%; the microwave power is 500W;
(4) Placing the stainless steel pan into a vacuum chamber, and vacuumizing the vacuum chamber to a vacuum degree of 1.5X10 ~4 Pa, taking a ceramic material as a target, bombarding the target with argon under the action of an electric field, so that the target is deposited on the surface of the stainless steel to form a ceramic layer; the target material consists of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 3 parts of zirconia, 6 parts of boron nitride, 3 parts of silicon carbide, 6 parts of boron carbide and 1 part of titanium nitride; the fineness of the target material is 50nm;
(5) Immersing a stainless steel pot in sodium dihydrogen phosphate solution, soaking at 45 ℃ for 3min, taking out the stainless steel pot, placing the stainless steel pot into a reactor, and pumping the reactor to the pressure of 0.3 standard atmosphere; atomizing a calcium chloride solution by using an ultrasonic atomizer, injecting the atomized calcium chloride solution into a reactor, spraying the atomized calcium chloride solution on the surface of a stainless steel pot, injecting nitrogen gas, increasing the pressure in the reactor to 5 standard atmospheric pressures, adjusting the air humidity in the reactor to 80%, heating to 90 ℃, adjusting the air flow rate in the reactor to 60cm/s, and preserving the heat for 30min; then placing the stainless steel pot in purified water for cleaning for 3 times;
the concentration of the sodium dihydrogen phosphate solution is 0.5mol/L; the concentration of the calcium chloride solution is 0.8mol/L, and the dosage of the calcium chloride solution is 1/2 of the mass of the stainless steel pot;
(6) Placing the stainless steel pot treated in the previous step into sodium silicate solution, reducing the temperature to 6 ℃, soaking for 15min, taking out the stainless steel pot, placing into a reactor, filling carbon dioxide into the reactor, enabling the pressure in the reactor to be 3 standard atmospheric pressures, and standing for 40min; the concentration of the sodium silicate solution is 0.8mg/L;
(7) Placing the stainless steel pot treated in the previous step into a heater, pumping to 3Pa, heating to 500 ℃, and preserving heat for 5 hours; and (5) washing with water for 5 times after cooling.
Example 3
A method for manufacturing a durable stainless steel pan, comprising the steps of:
(1) The raw materials are selected according to the following weight percentages: 0.0812% of carbon, 1.5% of manganese, 0.13% of silicon, 0.36% of bismuth, 4% of nickel, 0.013% of lanthanum, 0.1% of tungsten and the balance of iron; smelting raw materials into molten steel, and preparing a steel plate; smelting steel plates into molten steel after forging, and forging the molten steel into stainless steel again after shaping by a die;
(2) Annealing the steel plate at 830 ℃, putting the steel plate into a smelting furnace, heating to 1200 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1h, reducing the temperature to 850 ℃, rolling the steel plate to a thickness of 6mm, and performing stamping forming to obtain a stainless steel pot primary product;
(3) Polishing the surface of a stainless steel pot primary product, heating to 300 ℃, cooling to 50 ℃, placing the stainless steel pot primary product into a dilute acid solution, treating for 20s by microwaves, placing the stainless steel pot into pure water, washing for 2min, draining off water, and drying in vacuum for standby; the dilute acid solution is hydrochloric acid solution with the mass fraction of 0.08%; the microwave power is 500W;
(4) Placing the stainless steel pan into a vacuum chamber, and vacuumizing the vacuum chamber to a vacuum degree of 1×10 ~4 Pa, taking a ceramic material as a target, bombarding the target with argon under the action of an electric field, so that the target is deposited on the surface of the stainless steel to form a ceramic layer; the target material consists of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 3 parts of zirconia, 4 parts of boron nitride, 3 parts of silicon carbide, 5 parts of boron carbide and 1 part of titanium nitride; the fineness of the target material is 30nm;
(5) Immersing a stainless steel pot in sodium dihydrogen phosphate solution, soaking at 45 ℃ for 1min, taking out the stainless steel pot, placing the stainless steel pot into a reactor, and pumping the reactor to the pressure of 0.3 standard atmosphere; atomizing a calcium chloride solution by using an ultrasonic atomizer, injecting the atomized calcium chloride solution into a reactor, spraying the atomized calcium chloride solution on the surface of a stainless steel pot, injecting nitrogen gas, increasing the pressure in the reactor to 4 standard atmospheric pressures, adjusting the air humidity in the reactor to 80%, heating to 80 ℃, adjusting the air flow rate in the reactor to 60cm/s, and preserving heat for 20min; then placing the stainless steel pot in purified water for cleaning for 3 times;
the concentration of the sodium dihydrogen phosphate solution is 0.5mol/L; the concentration of the calcium chloride solution is 0.5mol/L, and the dosage of the calcium chloride solution is 1/3 of the mass of the stainless steel pot;
(6) Placing the stainless steel pot treated in the previous step into sodium silicate solution, reducing the temperature to 6 ℃, soaking for 10min, taking out the stainless steel pot, placing into a reactor, filling carbon dioxide into the reactor, enabling the pressure in the reactor to be 3 standard atmospheric pressures, and standing for 30min; the concentration of the sodium silicate solution is 0.8mg/L;
(7) Placing the stainless steel pot treated in the previous step into a heater, pumping to the pressure of 1Pa, heating to 500 ℃, and preserving heat for 3 hours; and (5) washing with water for 5 times after cooling.
To verify the effect of the present invention, the following comparative examples were set up:
| comparative example 1 | The difference from example 1 is that lanthanum was not added to the feed of step (1); |
| comparative example 2 | The difference from example 1 is that in step (3) no microwave treatment was performed; |
| comparative example 3 | The difference from example 1 is that boron nitride was not added in step (4); |
| comparative example 4 | The difference from example 1 is that no titanium nitride was added in step (4); |
| comparative example 5 | The difference from example 1 is that the treatment of step (5) was not performed; |
| comparative example 6 | The difference from example 1 is that the humidity in step (5) was adjusted to 95%; |
| comparative example 7 | The difference from example 1 is that the treatment of step (6) was not performed; |
| comparative example 8 | The difference from example 1 is that in step (6), carbon dioxide is charged into the reactor so that the pressure in the reactor is 1.5 atm. |
Experimental example
Stainless steel pans with the thickness of 8mm are manufactured according to examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-8 respectively, wear resistance of the stainless steel pans is measured according to a coating weight loss rate by referring to a GB/T1768-79 detection method, tensile strength of the stainless steel pans is detected according to GB T228.1-2010, and bonding strength of ceramics and stainless steel is measured according to an ASTM C-633 method.
The results are shown in the following table:
| wear resistance | Tensile strength Rm/Mpa | Bond strength Mpa | |
| Example 1 | 0.12% | 906.63 | 79.67 |
| Example 2 | 0.15% | 903.63 | 81.73 |
| Example 3 | 0.13% | 909.95 | 81.32 |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.12% | 798.82 | 72.56 |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.24% | 812.32 | 69.68 |
| Comparative example 3 | 0.20% | 801.47 | 71.16 |
| Comparative example 4 | 0.35% | 822.87 | 71.58 |
| Comparative example 5 | 0.39% | 821.55 | 72.58 |
| Comparative example 6 | 0.28% | 868.11 | 78.14 |
| Comparative example 7 | 0.36% | 841.97 | 76.53 |
| Comparative example 8 | 0.34% | 836.19 | 75.87 |
As can be seen from the table, the stainless steel pot of the invention has excellent performance, is obviously superior to that of comparative examples 1-8, and has good significance of the scheme effect and good synergistic effect among process raw materials.
Claims (7)
1. The preparation method of the durable stainless steel pot is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) The raw materials are selected according to the following weight percentages: 0.08-0.12% of carbon, 1-1.5% of manganese, 0.1-0.3% of silicon, 0.3-0.6% of bismuth, 2-4% of nickel, 0.01-0.03% of lanthanum, 0.1-0.3% of tungsten and the balance of iron; smelting raw materials into molten steel, and preparing a steel plate; smelting steel plates into molten steel after forging, and forging the molten steel into stainless steel again after shaping by a die;
(2) Annealing the steel plate at 780-830 ℃, putting the steel plate into a smelting furnace, heating to 1100-1200 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1-2 hours, reducing the temperature to 800-850 ℃, rolling the steel plate to a thickness of 5-7mm, and performing stamping forming to obtain a stainless steel pan primary product;
(3) Polishing the surface of a stainless steel pot primary product, heating to 200-300 ℃, cooling to 45-50 ℃, placing the stainless steel pot primary product into a dilute acid solution, treating for 10-20 s by microwaves, placing the stainless steel pot into pure water, washing for 1-2 min, draining off water, and drying in vacuum for later use;
(4) Placing the stainless steel pot primary product into a vacuum chamber, and pumping the vacuum chamber to a vacuum degree of (1-1.5) multiplied by 10 -4 Pa, taking a ceramic material as a target, bombarding the target with argon under the action of an electric field, so that the target is deposited on the surface of the stainless steel to form a ceramic layer; the target material consists of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 1-3 parts of zirconium oxide, 4-6 parts of boron nitride, 1-3 parts of silicon carbide, 5-6 parts of boron carbide and 0.5-1 part of titanium nitride; the fineness of the target material is 30-50 nm;
(5) Immersing a stainless steel pot in a sodium dihydrogen phosphate solution, soaking for 1-3 min at 40-45 ℃, taking out the stainless steel pot, placing the stainless steel pot into a reactor, and pumping the reactor to the pressure of 0.1-0.3 standard atmospheric pressure; atomizing a calcium chloride solution by using an ultrasonic atomizer, injecting the atomized calcium chloride solution into a reactor, spraying the atomized calcium chloride solution on the surface of a stainless steel pot, injecting nitrogen gas, increasing the pressure in the reactor to 4-5 standard atmospheric pressures, adjusting the air humidity in the reactor to 75-80%, heating the air humidity to 80-90 ℃, adjusting the air flow rate in the reactor to 50-60 cm/s, and preserving the heat for 20-30 min; then placing the stainless steel pot in purified water for cleaning for 2-3 times;
(6) Placing the stainless steel pot treated in the previous step into a sodium silicate solution, reducing the temperature to 3-6 ℃, soaking for 10-15 min, taking out the stainless steel pot, placing the stainless steel pot into a reactor, filling carbon dioxide into the reactor, enabling the pressure in the reactor to be 2-3 standard atmospheric pressures, and standing for 30-40 min;
(7) Placing the stainless steel pot treated in the previous step into a heater, pumping to the pressure of 1-3 Pa, heating to 400-500 ℃, and preserving heat for 3-5 hours; and (5) after cooling, washing with water for 3-5 times.
2. The method for manufacturing a durable stainless steel pan according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the dilute acid solution is a hydrochloric acid solution with a mass fraction of 0.05-0.08%.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (3), the microwave power is 400-500 w.
4. The method for manufacturing a durable stainless steel pot according to claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the concentration of the sodium dihydrogen phosphate solution is 0.3-0.5 mol/L.
5. The method for manufacturing a durable stainless steel pan according to claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the concentration of the calcium chloride solution is 0.5-0.8 mol/L.
6. The method for manufacturing a durable stainless steel pan according to claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the calcium chloride solution is used in an amount of 1/3 to 1/2 of the mass of the stainless steel pan.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (6), the sodium silicate solution has a concentration of 0.5 to 0.8mg/L.
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