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CN113153496A - 用于在车辆的排气管中剂量给送水溶液的装置 - Google Patents

用于在车辆的排气管中剂量给送水溶液的装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113153496A
CN113153496A CN202011519424.0A CN202011519424A CN113153496A CN 113153496 A CN113153496 A CN 113153496A CN 202011519424 A CN202011519424 A CN 202011519424A CN 113153496 A CN113153496 A CN 113153496A
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aqueous solution
exhaust pipe
dosing
injector
sleeve
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Pending
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CN202011519424.0A
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English (en)
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M·阿米尔塔拉茹
M·辛格
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Robert Bosch GmbH
Bosch Ltd
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Robert Bosch GmbH
Bosch Ltd
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Publication of CN113153496A publication Critical patent/CN113153496A/zh
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28Construction of catalytic reactors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/02Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/1453Sprayers or atomisers; Arrangement thereof in the exhaust apparatus
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/1486Means to prevent the substance from freezing
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

本公开涉及用于在车辆的排气管中剂量给送水溶液的装置。本公开提出了一种用于在车辆的排气管(106)中剂量给送水溶液的装置(100)。该装置包括壳体、焊接到壳体(102)的法兰(105)和至少喷射器(101)。喷射器(101)位于壳体(102)的内部。该装置的特征在于套筒(107),该套筒(107)安装在喷射器(101)的尖端的周边上并且在法兰(105)的内部。套筒(107)具有带有方向瓣片的入口端口(103)和出口端口(104)。套筒(107)具有截头锥体的形状。

Description

用于在车辆的排气管中剂量给送水溶液的装置
技术领域
本公开涉及一种用于在车辆的排气管中剂量给送水溶液的装置。
背景技术
广泛用于车辆中的排气处理装置和策略确保了排气得到处理,并且将离开车辆的有害排放物保持为尽可能低。最受欢迎的排气处理装置和策略是剂量给送水溶液以处理氮的氧化物。排气的许多组分之一是氮的不同氧化物,它们促成了温室效应和其他类型的污染。因此,全世界的排放标准要求氮的氧化物在被释放进入大气中之前被处理以将它们转化为元素氮。处理排气以将氮的氧化物转化为元素氮的最受欢迎的方法之一是通过使用水溶液。
在排气管下游使用水溶液剂量给送装置。剂量给送机构将计量量的水溶液剂量给送到排气路径中。计量量的水溶液与氮的氧化物反应并将其转化为元素氮。剂量给送装置包括喷射器,该喷射器是负责在排气路径中剂量给送计量量的水溶液的装置。喷射器喷洒计量量的水溶液。车辆中的包装约束已导致紧凑的混合区段的广泛使用以便将水溶液与排气混合。这些紧凑的混合区段导致在剂量给送时水溶液蒸气的多次再循环处于喷射器尖端附近。在喷射器尖端附近或朝向喷射器尖端的再循环引起水溶液在尖端上的结晶和沉积。这将由于喷射器的阻塞而导致剂量给送系统的故障。
专利申请WO13035112A1“A device for dosing an aqueous solution in anexhaust gas path(一种用于在排气路径中剂量给送水溶液的装置)”公开了一种用于在排气路径中剂量给送水溶液的装置。该装置包括具有剂量给送阀的剂量给送模块。该装置的特征在于位于排气路径中的法兰。法兰接口包括位于法兰的远离排气路径的端部处的保护特征和安装特征,以及位于法兰接口上的适于接收剂量给送阀的散热器。然而,这种设计并未解决如上文所讨论的喷射器尖端结晶的问题。
附图说明
参考以下附图描述本发明的实施例。
图1描绘了用于在车辆的排气管中剂量给送水溶液的装置(100)。
具体实施方式
图1描绘了用于在车辆的排气管(106)中剂量给送水溶液的装置(100)。该装置包括壳体、焊接到壳体(102)的法兰(105)和至少喷射器(101)。喷射器(101)位于壳体的内部。该装置的特征在于套筒(107),该套筒安装在喷射器(101)的尖端的周边上并且在法兰(105)的内部。套筒(107)具有带有方向瓣片(direction flap)的入口端口(103)和出口端口(104)。套筒(107)具有截头锥体的形状。
在实施例中,用于在排气管(106)中剂量给送水溶液的装置(100)以直角竖直地安装在排气管(106)的顶部上。在本发明的另一个实施例中,用于在排气管(106)中剂量给送水溶液的装置(100)以相对于排气管(106)的圆形横截面倾斜的各种角度安装。在上文所描述的本发明的实施例中,在装置(100)被竖直地且以直角安装在排气管(106)的顶部上的情况下,可以免除对法兰的需求。在该实施例中,壳体(102)焊接到排气管(106),并且套筒(107)放置在排气管(106)内部。套筒(107)的入口端口(103)和出口端口(104)在此通过允许排气进入套筒(107)并避免在排气管(106)中建立背压而起到重要作用。
位于壳体(102)内部的喷射器(101)将柴油机排气处理流体喷射到排气管中。柴油机排气处理流体包括基于尿素的水溶液。该基于尿素的溶液被用于在排气管(106)中实施选择性催化反应。当这种基于尿素的水溶液被喷射到排气管道中时,尿素水溶液(aqueousurea)蒸发并分解以形成氨和二氧化碳。进一步地,氨与氮氧化物(NOx)反应,并将它们还原成水和元素氮,这两者都是无害的。然后,这些通过排气管被释放。
通过管到来的排气通过法兰(105)进入装置。在常规系统中,法兰(105)内部的气体的涡旋运动导致由喷射器(101)喷射的尿素的结晶。因此,本发明的重要方面是喷射器(101)的套筒(107)。喷射器(101)的套筒(107)防止不期望的量的排气进入喷射器(101)附近的区域。喷射器(101)的套筒(107)还设有入口端口(103)和出口端口(104)。这些入口端口(103)和出口端口(104)允许最佳量的排气进入法兰(105)以避免建立背压。
进一步地,套筒(107)的这些入口(103)和出口端口(104)配备有方向瓣片。这些方向瓣片确保排气和水蒸气被引导朝向排气管(106)并且不被允许在喷射器(101)的尖端附近再循环。进一步地,该套筒(107)的锥角将大于喷洒锥角,以避免在套筒(107)的壁上的喷洒碰撞。套筒(107)将迫使流动向下,远离尿素喷射器(101)的尖端,从而减小了尿素蒸气朝向喷射器(101)尖端移动的可能性。
开发用于在车辆的排气管(106)中剂量给送水溶液的装置的构思提高了喷射器(101)和作为整体的选择性催化系统的效率。在常规系统中,当晶体开始围绕喷射器的尖端生长时,这影响了NOx的转化效率。为了去除这些晶体,需要在系统中触发维护再生。在这种情况下,使喷射器尖端的操作温度达到> 450摄氏度以去除晶体。然而,该过程引起额外的燃料被燃烧并降低了燃料效率。
必须理解的是,在以上详细描述中解释的实施例仅是说明性的,且不限制本发明的范围。对用于在车辆的排气管(106)中剂量给送水溶液的该装置的任何改型被设想并形成本发明的一部分。因此,许多改型和实施例被设想为在本发明的范围内。本发明的范围仅由权利要求限制。

Claims (3)

1.一种用于在车辆的排气管(106)中剂量给送水溶液的装置,所述装置包括壳体(102)、焊接到所述壳体(102)的法兰(105)和至少喷射器(101),其中所述喷射器(101)位于所述壳体的内部,其特征在于,所述装置包括套筒(107),所述套筒(107)安装在所述喷射器(101)的尖端的周边上并且在所述法兰(105)的内部。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于在车辆的排气管(106)中剂量给送水溶液的装置,其中,所述套筒(107)具有带有方向瓣片的入口端口(103)和出口端口(104)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用于在车辆的排气管(106)中剂量给送水溶液的装置,其中,所述套筒(107)具有截头锥体的形状。
CN202011519424.0A 2019-12-20 2020-12-21 用于在车辆的排气管中剂量给送水溶液的装置 Pending CN113153496A (zh)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110047974A1 (en) * 2009-08-27 2011-03-03 Cary Henry Exhaust flow segregator and associated systems and methods
US20110094206A1 (en) * 2009-10-27 2011-04-28 Cummins Filtration Ip, Inc Reductant injection and decomposition system
WO2013035112A1 (en) * 2011-09-08 2013-03-14 Robert Bosch Engineering And Business Solutions Limited A device for dosing an aqueous solution in an exhaust gas path
CN103282615A (zh) * 2011-12-27 2013-09-04 株式会社小松制作所 还原剂水溶液混合装置及废气后处理装置
CN105120993A (zh) * 2013-04-12 2015-12-02 利勃海尔机械布尔有限公司 排气系统中的还原剂喷射

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110047974A1 (en) * 2009-08-27 2011-03-03 Cary Henry Exhaust flow segregator and associated systems and methods
US20110094206A1 (en) * 2009-10-27 2011-04-28 Cummins Filtration Ip, Inc Reductant injection and decomposition system
WO2013035112A1 (en) * 2011-09-08 2013-03-14 Robert Bosch Engineering And Business Solutions Limited A device for dosing an aqueous solution in an exhaust gas path
CN103282615A (zh) * 2011-12-27 2013-09-04 株式会社小松制作所 还原剂水溶液混合装置及废气后处理装置
CN105120993A (zh) * 2013-04-12 2015-12-02 利勃海尔机械布尔有限公司 排气系统中的还原剂喷射

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