CN113141992B - Method for intercropping Sichuan taro and leaf mustard to form original Tian Liuchong - Google Patents
Method for intercropping Sichuan taro and leaf mustard to form original Tian Liuchong Download PDFInfo
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- CN113141992B CN113141992B CN202110287723.4A CN202110287723A CN113141992B CN 113141992 B CN113141992 B CN 113141992B CN 202110287723 A CN202110287723 A CN 202110287723A CN 113141992 B CN113141992 B CN 113141992B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/15—Leaf crops, e.g. lettuce or spinach
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for interplanting original Tian Liuchong between Sichuan taros and leaf mustard, belonging to the technical field of crop cultivation, wherein the first year seeding time of taros is as follows: seeding in the first year in the last ten days of 3 months to 4 months, and planting when the temperature is stabilized above 13 ℃; preparing soil and fertilizing the taro: deeply turning kang soil over 30cm, preparing a fine planting box, preparing 2500 kg-3000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer by combining each 667m 2 Shi Dui of soil preparation, 30 kg-50 kg of calcium superphosphate and 15kg-25kg of potassium sulfate as base fertilizer; taro planting density: the row spacing of the taro plants is 60cm multiplied by 1.2cm, and the taro plants are arranged in a single row; fertilizer and water management: sufficient base fertilizer, service Shi Baoshi early-stage fertilizer, heavy-stage fertilizer, and little or no later-stage fertilizer are applied. The row spacing of the taro plants is set to facilitate the continuous seed reserving in the next year, and the intercropping planting of the leaf mustard is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for intercropping a Sichuan taro and leaf mustard to a source Tian Liuchong.
Background
Mustard (Brassica juncea l.) is an important vegetable processing raw material. The Arabidopsis thaliana, the leaf mustard, the Puccinum macrocarpium and the Da She Gai in She Gai are main raw materials of Sichuan pickled Chinese cabbage, are tender and crisp in texture and delicious in taste, and are deeply favored by consumers. She Gai is mainly used for processing, the sowing time is 9 months in the middle and last days, and the harvesting time is 2 months in the middle and last days.
Taro Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott is a perennial herb of the genus taro of the family Araceae, and is an alias taro, etc. Taro is originally produced in tropical places such as eastern part of India and malaysia. The cultivation history in China is long, and the vegetable and staple food can be made. Especially vitamin C is rich, and also contains a mucilage saponin. Can be ground into powder, grinded into thick liquid, and made into taro powder with rice flour, which is easy to digest after eating, and is especially suitable for gastroenteropathy, tuberculosis patients, the elderly and children. Taro is rich in fluorine, has effects of inhibiting abnormal proliferation of cells, cleaning teeth, and preventing dental caries. The taro is mainly asexually propagated, so that the seed taro amount is large, the manpower requirement for storehouse preservation is large, and the preservation condition is not easy to control; the original Tian Liuchong occupies a large amount of land, so that the land is wasted, frost is easy to occur in winter, and the yield is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for intercropping raw materials Tian Liuchong of Sichuan taro and leaf mustard, which solves the technical problems of land waste, easy frost in winter and reduced yield caused by large occupied area of raw materials Tian Liuchong in the prior art.
The invention provides a method for interplanting raw leaf mustard Tian Liuchong between Sichuan taros and leaf mustard, which comprises the following steps:
s1, seeding time of taro in the first year: seeding in the first year in the last ten days of 3 months to 4 months, and planting when the temperature is stabilized above 13 ℃;
S2, preparing soil and fertilizing the taros: deeply turning kang soil over 30cm, preparing a fine planting box, preparing 2500 kg-3000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer by combining each 667m 2 Shi Dui of soil preparation, 30 kg-50 kg of calcium superphosphate and 15kg-25kg of potassium sulfate as base fertilizer;
s3, taro planting density: the row spacing of the taro plants is 60cm multiplied by 1.2m, and the taro plants are arranged in a single row;
s4, fertilizer and water management: sufficient base fertilizer, service Shi Baoshi early-stage fertilizer, heavy-stage fertilizer, little or no later-stage fertilizer;
S5, intertillage and hilling: during conventional cultivation, 1 time of hilling should be performed for a small summer-heat; 2 nd ridging with 15 cm-20 cm of ridging thickness in combination with the second topdressing to prevent taro from exposing to the ground;
s6, taro seedling: when the stem and leaf of the taro turns yellow in middle and late 9 months, the stem and leaf of the taro are cut off in a uniform manner in the morning and noon, the taro is transversely placed between plants, and then the taro is dried in the sun, weeds and pest leaves in a field are cleaned, and seed plants of the taro Tian Daiyong are sterilized by using Kejia;
s7, raising seedlings of the leaf mustard: selecting excellent leaf mustard varieties for field conventional seedling raising in the middle and upper 9 months;
s8, transplanting the leaf mustard: transplanting the leaf mustard into a field of the purple sweet potato;
s9, harvesting and cleaning a garden: the leaf mustard adult plant is harvested when the commodity vegetable is mature but not bolting is achieved, and the harvesting time is generally in the middle and late 2 months. Cleaning the field in time after harvesting, cleaning up the diseased residual leaves and weeds, and carrying out harmless treatment in a concentrated manner;
s10, seed reproduction of taros in the second year: loosening soil around the taro seeds, and watering for 3 months to sprout.
Working principle: the intercropping mode of taro and leaf mustard is adopted, so that the leaf mustard can be planted in autumn and winter after the taro is inverted, and the income is increased; the leaf mustard has shallow root system distribution, is used for soil fertility layering, has outstanding weight reducing effect, and can be used for preventing frost and grass for taro seeds in winter. The row spacing of the taro plants is set to facilitate the continuous seed reserving in the next year, and the intercropping planting of the leaf mustard is facilitated.
Further, in the step S1, taro variety and seed taro are selected: the seed taro with disease resistance, high quality, high yield, good commodity, rich terminal buds, strong and full corms, no plant diseases and insect pests and complete shape is selected as the seed, and the weight of the taro is preferably 50g, so that the seed meets the good variety of the target market consumption habit.
Further, in the step S1, the taro variety is: chuangkui taro No. 1.
Further, the additional fertilizer in the step S4 takes nitrogen-potassium fertilizer as a main component and phosphate fertilizer as an auxiliary component, 1 time of seedling lifting fertilizer is added when the 1 st leaf of the seedling is unfolded, and each 667m 2 of decomposed organic fertilizer 1000kg is added with 4kg-6kg of urea and water for application; the 2 nd time of fertilizer is added when 3-4 leaves are planted, every 667m 2 is applied by adding water into 1300kg-1700kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and 8kg-12kg of potassium sulfate, the soil is kept moist during the whole growing period of the taro, and the taro is watered in time when the taro is drought.
Further, the mustard is Sichuan mustard No. 1 or Sichuan mustard No. 2.
Further, in the step S8, the row spacing of the leaf mustard plants is 50cm multiplied by 50cm, the leaf mustard plants are arranged in double rows, the leaf mustard plants are uniformly planted among the rows of the taros, and the leaf mustard plants are transplanted and then are watered with the root fixing water.
Further, the fertilizer and water management of the leaf mustard: the additional fertilizer is mainly quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer, and is carried out by the principles of 'early-stage light application, medium-stage heavy application and later-stage seedling-viewing fertilizer supplement', wherein 25 kg-30 kg of urea is applied for each 666.7m 2 in total during the growth period, and 30%, 60% and 10% of the total additional fertilizer are respectively applied after the field planting survival, the dish-opening period and the rosette period in combination with watering.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. The method of the invention realizes the intercropping mode of 'taro and leaf mustard', realizes the purposes of comprehensive development and utilization of space-time resources and cost saving and synergy of farmers, and can solve the problems of land waste and frost easiness of the Sichuan taro source Tian Liuchong by using the leaf mustard intercropping.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for interplanting raw mustard Tian Liuchong between Sichuan taros and leaf mustard, which comprises the following steps:
s1, seeding time of taro in the first year: seeding in the first year in the late 3 months, and planting when the temperature is stabilized above 13 ℃; the varieties of taros are as follows: chuangui taro No. 1;
s2, preparing soil and fertilizing the taros: deeply turning kang soil over 30cm, preparing fine soil, preparing decomposed organic fertilizer 2700kg with each 667m 2 Shi Dui of soil preparation, and taking calcium superphosphate 40kg and potassium sulfate 20kg as base fertilizers;
s3, taro planting density: the row spacing of the taro plants is 60cm multiplied by 1.2m, and the taro plants are arranged in a single row;
s4, fertilizer and water management: applying enough base fertilizer, applying the early-stage fertilizer on the field Shi Baoshi, applying the middle-stage fertilizer on the field Shi Baoshi, applying the later-stage fertilizer little or not, applying the additional fertilizer mainly comprising nitrogen and potassium fertilizer and the phosphorus fertilizer as the auxiliary, and applying the seedling-lifting fertilizer for 1 time when the 1 st leaf of the seedling is unfolded, wherein 1000kg of decomposed organic fertilizer is added with 5kg of urea and water after every 667m 2; adding fertilizer 2 times when 3-4 leaves are used, adding 10kg of water to 1500kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and 10kg of potassium sulfate every 667m 2, keeping soil moist in the whole growth period of taro, and watering in time when drought occurs;
S5, intertillage and hilling: during conventional cultivation, 1 time of hilling should be performed for a small summer-heat; 2 nd ridging with the thickness of 17cm in combination with the second topdressing to prevent taro from exposing to the ground;
s6, taro seedling: when the stem and leaf of the taro turns yellow in middle and late 9 months, the stem and leaf of the taro are cut off in a uniform manner in the morning and noon, the taro is transversely placed between plants, and then the taro is dried in the sun, weeds and pest leaves in a field are cleaned, and seed plants of the taro Tian Daiyong are sterilized by using Kejia;
S7, raising seedlings of the leaf mustard: selecting excellent leaf mustard varieties for field conventional seedling raising in the middle and upper 9 months; mustard is Sichuan mustard No. 1;
S8, transplanting the leaf mustard: transplanting the leaf mustard into a seedling-pouring taro field, wherein the row spacing of the leaf mustard is 50 multiplied by 50cm, the leaf mustard is arranged in double rows, the leaf mustard is uniformly planted among the taro rows, and the leaf mustard is transplanted and then is watered with a medicine root fixing water; and (3) fertilizer and water management of the leaf mustard: the additional fertilizer is mainly quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer, and is carried out by the principles of 'early-stage light application, medium-stage heavy application and later-stage seedling watching and fertilizer supplementing', wherein 25 kg-30 kg of urea is applied for each 666.7m 2 in total during the growth period, and 30%, 60% and 10% of the total additional fertilizer are respectively applied after the survival of field planting, the opening period and the rosette period by combining watering;
s9, harvesting and cleaning a garden: the leaf mustard adult plant is harvested when the commodity vegetable is mature but not bolting is achieved, and the harvesting time is generally in the middle and late 2 months. Cleaning the field in time after harvesting, cleaning up the diseased residual leaves and weeds, and carrying out harmless treatment in a concentrated manner;
s10, seed reproduction of taros in the second year: loosening soil around the taro seeds, and watering for 3 months to sprout.
Taro original Tian Liuchong reduces frost, and the frost rate can be reduced from 65% to 17% of the contrast, thus saving labor and renting land cost. Meanwhile, the income of one crop of mustard is increased by 1800 yuan, the crop rotation is effectively utilized by the cultivation mode, the field planting density of each crop is small, the thin planting is ventilated and transparent, the unit yield of each crop is effectively increased, the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests during the growth period is reduced, and the cultivation mode is also a cost-saving, efficiency-improving and high-efficiency value-increasing cultivation mode.
Claims (3)
1. A method for intercropping raw tuber mustard Tian Liuchong between Sichuan taros and leaf mustard, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
S1, seeding time of taro in the first year: sowing in the first year of 3 months to 4 months, and planting when the temperature is stabilized above 13 ℃, wherein the variety of the taro is Chuangkui taro No. 1;
S2, preparing soil and fertilizing the taros: deeply turning kang soil over 30cm, preparing a fine planting box, preparing 2500 kg-3000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer by combining each 667m 2 Shi Dui of soil preparation, 30 kg-50 kg of calcium superphosphate and 15kg-25kg of potassium sulfate as base fertilizer;
s3, taro planting density: the row spacing of the taro plants is 60cm multiplied by 1.2m, and the taro plants are arranged in a single row;
s4, fertilizer and water management: sufficient base fertilizer, service Shi Baoshi early-stage fertilizer, heavy-stage fertilizer, little or no later-stage fertilizer;
S5, intertillage and hilling: during conventional cultivation, 1 time of hilling should be performed for a small summer-heat; 2 nd ridging with 15 cm-20 cm of ridging thickness in combination with the second topdressing to prevent taro from exposing to the ground;
s6, taro seedling: when the stem and leaf of the taro turns yellow in middle and late 9 months, the stem and leaf of the taro are cut off in a uniform manner in the morning and noon, the taro is transversely placed between plants, and then the taro is dried in the sun, weeds and pest leaves in a field are cleaned, and seed plants of the taro Tian Daiyong are sterilized by using Kejia;
s7, raising seedlings of the leaf mustard: selecting excellent leaf mustard variety field conventional seedling, wherein the mustard is Sichuan mustard No. 1 or Sichuan mustard No. 2;
s8, transplanting the leaf mustard: transplanting the leaf mustard into a seedling-pouring taro field, wherein the row spacing of the leaf mustard is 50cm multiplied by 50cm, the leaf mustard is arranged in double rows and uniformly planted among taro rows, and after transplanting, watering with a pesticide to fix roots;
s9, harvesting and cleaning a garden: harvesting when the grown leaf mustard reaches the maturity of commercial leaf mustard but is not bolting, wherein the harvesting time is generally 2 months in middle and late ten days, cleaning the field in time after harvesting, cleaning up the diseased residual leaves and weeds, and carrying out harmless treatment in a concentrated manner;
s10, seed reproduction of taros in the second year: loosening soil around the taro seeds, and watering for 3 months to sprout.
2. The method for interplanting raw Sichuan taro and leaf mustard in accordance with claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the top dressing is mainly nitrogen-potassium fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer is auxiliary, 1 time of seedling lifting fertilizer is added when 1 st leaf of seedling is unfolded, and 1000kg of decomposed organic fertilizer is added with 4kg-6kg of urea and water for each 667m 2; the 2 nd time of fertilizer is added when 3-4 leaves are planted, every 667m 2 is applied by adding water into 1300kg-1700kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and 8kg-12kg of potassium sulfate, the soil is kept moist during the whole growing period of the taro, and the taro is watered in time when the taro is drought.
3. The method for interplanting raw mustard Tian Liuchong between Sichuan taros and leaf brassica juncea according to claim 1, wherein the fertilizer and water management of brassica juncea: the additional fertilizer is mainly quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer, and is carried out by the principles of 'early-stage light application, medium-stage heavy application and later-stage seedling-viewing fertilizer supplement', wherein 25 kg-30 kg of urea is applied for each 666.7m 2 in total during the growth period, and 30%, 60% and 10% of the total additional fertilizer are respectively applied after the field planting survival, the dish-opening period and the rosette period in combination with watering.
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| CN105746111A (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2016-07-13 | 江苏正禾现代农业有限公司 | Crop rotation method of taros and brassica campestris |
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| WO2005046311A1 (en) * | 2003-11-17 | 2005-05-26 | Christopher Gary Parmenter | A method of cultivating plants |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104380979A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-03-04 | 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Crop rotation method capable of reducing content of cadmium in leaf vegetables |
| CN105746111A (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2016-07-13 | 江苏正禾现代农业有限公司 | Crop rotation method of taros and brassica campestris |
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