CN113093010B - A lithium-ion battery consistency evaluation method - Google Patents
A lithium-ion battery consistency evaluation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113093010B CN113093010B CN202110467611.7A CN202110467611A CN113093010B CN 113093010 B CN113093010 B CN 113093010B CN 202110467611 A CN202110467611 A CN 202110467611A CN 113093010 B CN113093010 B CN 113093010B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
- G01R31/387—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a lithium ion battery consistency assessment method which comprises the following processing steps of 1, designing a series of consistency alignment SOC points according to the use requirement of a battery pack, wherein the battery pack is designed with the consistency alignment SOC points of 5%, 20%, 30% and 95% respectively, 2, carrying out charge and discharge once in an air conditioner environment with the temperature of T1 according to the rated multiplying power of a battery unit design, testing the maximum short circuit current at each consistency alignment point in a short circuit way of T, and T being the short circuit time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of consistency evaluation of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a consistency evaluation method of a lithium ion battery.
Background
A lithium ion battery is a secondary battery (rechargeable battery) that operates mainly by means of lithium ions moving between a positive electrode and a negative electrode. In the charge and discharge process, li+ is inserted and removed back and forth between the two electrodes, wherein Li+ is removed from the positive electrode and inserted into the negative electrode through the electrolyte in the charge process, the negative electrode is in a lithium-rich state, and the lithium battery is divided into a lithium battery and a lithium ion battery in the discharge process. Lithium ion batteries are used for mobile phones and notebook computers, and are commonly known as lithium batteries. Batteries generally employ materials containing lithium as electrodes, which are representative of modern high performance batteries. The lithium ion battery has the advantages of high energy density, long cycle life, high single voltage and the like, and is quickly permeated into the fields of consumer electronics, new energy automobiles, aerospace, energy storage and the like after being invented in 1992. In many applications, the voltage and capacity provided by the battery are far greater than the cell voltage of the lithium ion battery, and many combinations of cells are required to meet the use requirements. Because the consistency of the batteries can be influenced by the materials and the process of the batteries, and the inconsistency of the single batteries can lead to rapid decline of the overall characteristics of the battery pack and accelerated damage of partial batteries, a good matching scheme can ensure the consistency of the matched single batteries and the service life and reliability of the battery products meeting the design. The static parameters for evaluating the consistency of the monomers commonly used include voltage, capacity, internal resistance, self-discharge rate, and the dynamic parameters include discharge curve similarity. Because of the limitation of the test process, the industry reality is to use static parameters as the matching basis, namely, the open-circuit voltage, the discharge capacity, the alternating-current internal resistance and the self-discharge rate are used for screening, so that the matched battery cannot generally meet the requirements of complex working conditions and long service life.
Patent application 201910953321.6 develops this method, the aforementioned 4 parameters are pre-assembled, then charged and discharged to obtain two direct current internal resistances, the two internal resistances are separated again by difference, and the relaxation voltage is used for three separation, so that the dynamic consistency is included.
The method disclosed in patent application 201910820621.7 uses several parameters of first formation efficiency, coulomb efficiency, energy efficiency, capacity, charge retention rate and internal resistance of alternating current, and uses three parameters of first formation efficiency, coulomb efficiency and energy efficiency to replace the parameter of open circuit voltage so as to raise consistency of matching.
The patent application 201910237806.5 selects the 5 parameters of discharge capacity, ohmic resistance, SEI film resistance, charge exchange resistance and solid phase diffusion resistance as evaluation criteria, and replaces the open circuit voltage with other parameters, and the self-discharge rate difference is abandoned due to the maturation of the equalization technology.
Patent application 201811075331.6 focuses on the voltage time curve in the formation process, and patent application 201910994554.0 focuses on the voltage difference between 5% and 95% soc points for improving the voltage difference at the charge and discharge ends.
In the prior art, for consistency evaluation, parameters of single cell representation are measured, and sources of battery attenuation differences generated during coordinated operation when batteries are connected in series are not considered, so that the influence on the overall data of the lithium ion battery is caused, and the evaluation on the lithium ion battery is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a consistency evaluation method of a lithium ion battery, which is used for solving the technical problems that parameters of the single-body representation of the battery are measured in the prior art, and the generation sources of the battery attenuation differences during the coordinated operation of the batteries in series connection are not considered.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical proposal adopted by the invention is that the consistency evaluation method of the lithium ion battery comprises the following processing steps,
Step 1, a series of consistency alignment SOC points, such as 5%, 20%, 50%, 80% and 95%, are designed according to the use requirements of the battery pack.
And 2, charging and discharging once in an environment with the air conditioning temperature of T1 such as 20 ℃ according to the rated multiplying power of the battery cell design, short-circuiting T such as 3 seconds at each consistency alignment point, and testing the maximum short-circuiting current.
And 3, repeating the test of the step 2 in an environment of room temperature T2 such as 25 ℃.
And 4, repeating the test of the step 2 in a high-temperature room with the temperature of T3 being 40 ℃.
And 5, using the maximum discharge current of 3 temperatures as the chemical reaction speed of the lithium battery under the condition, and calculating the activation energy of each consistency calibration point by using a mapping method.
And 6, counting the capacity, coulomb efficiency, energy efficiency and consistency alignment point activation energy of the battery monomer.
And 7, performing a cycle test according to the different dispersion matching of the parameters to obtain the cycle life retention rate after the different dispersion matching.
And 8, taking the relation between the parameter dispersion and the cycle life retention rate as a lithium ion battery consistency evaluation method.
Preferably, the lithium ion battery for the range-extending vehicle is provided with three charging modes, namely slow charging, fast charging and range extender charging.
Preferably, the battery pack adopts a single-string 400V 150Ah design, each battery pack needs 111 battery cells, 5 maintenance battery cells are added, and the number of the battery cells in each battery pack is 116.
Preferably, the battery pack design consistency alignment points are 5%, 20%, 30%, 95% four SOC points.
Preferably, each cell is rated for energy storage 614Wh.
Preferably, the temperatures set in the step 2, the step 3 and the step 4 are 15-40 ℃.
Preferably, the battery pack is a ternary battery pack of 60kWh150 Ah.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the beneficial effects that the maximum discharge current at 3 temperatures is used as the chemical reaction speed of the lithium battery under the condition, the method is used as a drawing method to calculate the activation energy of each consistency calibration point, the capacity, the coulomb efficiency, the energy efficiency and the consistency calibration point activation energy of the battery monomer are conveniently counted, the cyclic test is carried out according to different discrete distribution groups of parameters, the cyclic life retention rate after the different discrete distribution groups are obtained, the relation between the parameter discrete and the cyclic life retention rate is used as the lithium ion battery consistency evaluation method, the management parameters of the whole life cycle of the battery pack can be obtained, the difference of the activation energy can evaluate the dynamic difference of the battery attenuation, and the problems that the parameters are all parameters when the battery monomer is measured and the source of the battery attenuation difference during the coordinated operation when the batteries are connected in series are not considered are overcome.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the measurement of activation energy by measuring reaction rate constants at different temperatures according to the present invention
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in the following description in conjunction with the specific embodiments thereof in order to make the technical means, the inventive features, the achievement of the purpose and the effect of the invention easy to understand and understand.
Embodiment 1, a lithium ion battery consistency evaluation method includes the following processing steps:
Step 1, a series of consistency alignment SOC points, such as 5%, 20%, 50%, 80% and 95%, are designed according to the use requirements of the battery pack.
And 2, performing a first charge-discharge cycle in a15 ℃ room of the air conditioner, shorting for 2 seconds at each consistency alignment SOC, and recording the short-circuit current.
And 3, performing a second charge-discharge cycle in an elevated temperature environment by utilizing heat generated by the first discharge, and recording short-circuit current after each consistency alignment SOC is short-circuited for 2 seconds.
And 4, performing a third charge-discharge cycle in an increased temperature environment by utilizing heat generated by the second discharge, and recording a short-circuit current after each consistency alignment SOC is short-circuited for 2 seconds.
And 5, using the maximum discharge current of 3 temperatures as the chemical reaction speed of the lithium battery under the condition, and calculating the activation energy of each consistency calibration point by using a mapping method.
And 6, counting the capacity, coulomb efficiency, energy efficiency and consistency alignment point activation energy of the battery monomer.
And 7, performing a cycle test according to the different dispersion matching of the parameters to obtain the cycle life retention rate after the different dispersion matching.
And 8, taking the relation between the parameter dispersion and the cycle life retention rate as a lithium ion battery consistency evaluation method.
Preferably, the lithium ion battery used for the range-extending vehicle is provided with three charging modes, namely slow charging, fast charging and range-extending device charging.
Preferably, the battery pack adopts a single-string 400V 150Ah design, each battery pack needs 111 battery cells, 5 maintenance battery cells are added, and the number of the battery cells in each battery pack is 116.
Preferably, the battery pack design uniformity alignment points are 5%, 20%, 30%, 95% four SOC points.
Preferably, each cell is rated for energy storage 614Wh.
Preferably, the temperatures set in step (2), step (3) and step (4) are 15 ℃.
Preferably, the battery pack is a 60kWh150Ah ternary battery pack.
Embodiment 2, a lithium ion battery consistency assessment method, comprises the following processing steps:
Step 1, a series of consistency alignment SOC points, such as 5%, 20%, 50%, 80% and 95%, are designed according to the use requirements of the battery pack.
And 2, performing a first charge-discharge cycle in a room with the room temperature of 20 ℃, and recording short-circuit current after each consistency alignment SOC is short-circuited for 2.5 seconds.
And 3, performing a second charge-discharge cycle in an elevated temperature environment by utilizing heat generated by the first discharge, and recording a short-circuit current after each consistency alignment SOC is short-circuited for 2.5 seconds.
And 4, performing a third charge-discharge cycle in an increased temperature environment by utilizing heat generated by the second discharge, and recording a short-circuit current after each consistency alignment SOC is short-circuited for 2.5 seconds.
And 5, using the maximum discharge current of 3 temperatures as the chemical reaction speed of the lithium battery under the condition, and calculating the activation energy of each consistency calibration point by using a mapping method.
And 6, counting the capacity, coulomb efficiency, energy efficiency and consistency alignment point activation energy of the battery monomer.
And 7, performing a cycle test according to the different dispersion matching of the parameters to obtain the cycle life retention rate after the different dispersion matching.
And 8, taking the relation between the parameter dispersion and the cycle life retention rate as a lithium ion battery consistency evaluation method.
Preferably, the lithium ion battery used for the range-extending vehicle is provided with three charging modes, namely slow charging, fast charging and range-extending device charging.
Preferably, the battery pack adopts a single-string 400V 150Ah design, each battery pack needs 111 battery cells, 5 maintenance battery cells are added, and the number of the battery cells in each battery pack is 116.
Preferably, the battery pack design uniformity alignment points are 5%, 20%, 30%, 95% four SOC points.
Preferably, each cell is rated for energy storage 614Wh.
Preferably, the temperatures set in step (2), step (3) and step (4) are 15 ℃.
Preferably, the battery pack is a 60kWh150Ah ternary battery pack.
Embodiment 3, a lithium ion battery consistency assessment method, comprising the following processing steps:
Step 1, a series of consistency alignment SOC points, such as 5%, 20%, 50%, 80% and 95%, are designed according to the use requirements of the battery pack.
And 2, performing a first charge-discharge cycle in a chamber with the temperature of 30 ℃, and recording short-circuit current after each consistency alignment SOC is short-circuited for 3 seconds.
And 3, performing a second charge-discharge cycle in an elevated temperature environment by utilizing heat generated by the first discharge, and recording short-circuit current after each consistency alignment SOC is short-circuited for 3 seconds.
And 4, performing a third charge-discharge cycle in an increased temperature environment by utilizing heat generated by the second discharge, and recording a short-circuit current after each consistency alignment SOC is short-circuited for 3 seconds.
And 5, using the maximum discharge current of 3 temperatures as the chemical reaction speed of the lithium battery under the condition, and calculating the activation energy of each consistency calibration point by using a mapping method.
And 6, counting the capacity, coulomb efficiency, energy efficiency and consistency alignment point activation energy of the battery monomer.
And 7, performing a cycle test according to the different dispersion matching of the parameters to obtain the cycle life retention rate after the different dispersion matching.
And 8, taking the relation between the parameter dispersion and the cycle life retention rate as a lithium ion battery consistency evaluation method.
Preferably, the lithium ion battery used for the range-extending vehicle is provided with three charging modes, namely slow charging, fast charging and range-extending device charging.
Preferably, the battery pack adopts a single-string 400V 150Ah design, each battery pack needs 111 battery cells, 5 maintenance battery cells are added, and the number of the battery cells in each battery pack is 116.
Preferably, the battery pack design uniformity alignment points are 5%, 20%, 30%, 95% four SOC points.
Preferably, each cell is rated for energy storage 614Wh.
Preferably, the temperatures set in step (2), step (3) and step (4) are 15 ℃.
Preferably, the battery pack is a 60kWh150Ah ternary battery pack.
Embodiment 4, a lithium ion battery consistency assessment method, comprising the following processing steps:
Step 1, a series of consistency alignment SOC points, such as 5%, 20%, 50%, 80% and 95%, are designed according to the use requirements of the battery pack.
And 2, performing a first charge-discharge cycle in a chamber with the temperature of 40 ℃, and recording short-circuit current after each consistency alignment SOC is short-circuited for 3 seconds.
And 3, performing a second charge-discharge cycle in an elevated temperature environment by utilizing heat generated by the first discharge, and recording a short-circuit current after each consistency alignment SOC is short-circuited for 3.5 seconds.
And 4, performing a third charge-discharge cycle in an increased temperature environment by utilizing heat generated by the second discharge, and recording a short-circuit current after each consistency alignment SOC is short-circuited for 3.5 seconds.
And 5, using the maximum discharge current of 3 temperatures as the chemical reaction speed of the lithium battery under the condition, and calculating the activation energy of each consistency calibration point by using a mapping method.
And 6, counting the capacity, coulomb efficiency, energy efficiency and consistency alignment point activation energy of the battery monomer.
And 7, performing a cycle test according to the different dispersion matching of the parameters to obtain the cycle life retention rate after the different dispersion matching.
And 8, taking the relation between the parameter dispersion and the cycle life retention rate as a lithium ion battery consistency evaluation method.
Preferably, the lithium ion battery used for the range-extending vehicle is provided with three charging modes, namely slow charging, fast charging and range-extending device charging.
Preferably, the battery pack adopts a single-string 400V 150Ah design, each battery pack needs 111 battery cells, 5 maintenance battery cells are added, and the number of the battery cells in each battery pack is 116.
Preferably, the battery pack design uniformity alignment points are 5%, 20%, 30%, 95% four SOC points.
Preferably, each cell is rated for energy storage 614Wh.
Preferably, the temperatures set in step (2), step (3) and step (4) are 15 ℃.
Preferably, the battery pack is a 60kWh150Ah ternary battery pack.
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| CN114082680B (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2023-06-02 | 芜湖天弋能源科技有限公司 | Method for optimizing cycle performance of lithium battery module |
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