CN113029571A - System and method for testing pollutant emission of hydraulic excavator - Google Patents
System and method for testing pollutant emission of hydraulic excavator Download PDFInfo
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- CN113029571A CN113029571A CN202110354838.0A CN202110354838A CN113029571A CN 113029571 A CN113029571 A CN 113029571A CN 202110354838 A CN202110354838 A CN 202110354838A CN 113029571 A CN113029571 A CN 113029571A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 21
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 title abstract description 20
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 title abstract description 20
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 25
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012217 deletion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037430 deletion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013028 emission testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- G01M99/005—Testing of complete machines, e.g. washing-machines or mobile phones
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of engineering machinery, in particular to a system and a method for testing pollutants discharged by a hydraulic excavator, which comprises an excavator pollutant discharge monitoring module, an excavator working condition state monitoring module, a data acquisition module and a data analysis module; the monitoring module of pollutants discharged by the excavator is used for testing the content of nitrogen oxides in exhaust gas and the flow rate of the exhaust gas; the excavator working condition state monitoring module is used for monitoring the engine state and the excavator state; and the data acquisition module and the data analysis module are used for acquiring, storing and analyzing data. According to the technical scheme, the emission monitoring and the working condition state monitoring of the excavator are utilized, the working condition proportion is planned according to the loading characteristics, the emission under each load rate is reasonably evaluated, and the test comprehensiveness and accuracy are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of engineering machinery, in particular to a non-road engineering machinery emission test, and specifically relates to a system and a method for testing pollutant emission of a hydraulic excavator.
Background
In the field of emission testing, with the upgrading of national environmental regulations, more and more data types need to be detected by mechanical production enterprises. At present, the development of emission detection technology tends to lower cost, more convenient measurement of more and more accurate data, and the research on test working conditions is lacked. The issued and implemented standards and regulations have very clear regulations on the emission test working condition proportion, the load interval and the actual load condition of the road machinery, so that the loading mode is more rigorous; the loading mode of the non-road machinery load is greatly different from the road machinery, and the influence of different loading modes on the measurement result is far greater than the measurement error of the monitoring equipment. Therefore, aiming at the emission test of non-road machinery, the test working condition is standardized, the complete test system is invented, whether the test working condition meets the preset condition or not is intelligently judged, and the improvement of the repeatability and the reproducibility of the emission test of the whole machine is particularly important.
The technical development in the prior stage mainly focuses on measuring more and accurate data by using a low-cost and simpler method, but the difference between a non-road mechanical load loading mode and a road machine is very large, the influence of different loading modes on a measuring result is far greater than the measuring error of monitoring equipment, and standard regulations do not make requirements on the loading mode, so that the loading mode is standardized, the load ratio is reasonably designed, whether the loading mode is in compliance is intelligently judged, and the method is particularly important for improving the repeatability and reproducibility of the whole machine emission test. The existing non-road pollutant emission test systems such as excavators and the like focus on how to quickly obtain accurate data, but the research on vehicle working conditions and test methods is lacked, and the influence of loading rate on emission level is difficult to accurately evaluate.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a system and a method for testing the pollutant emission of a hydraulic excavator, which utilize the whole excavator emission monitoring technology to monitor the operation state parameters and the emission parameters in the operation process, standardize the working condition operation method and proportion, intelligently judge the operation type and the time ratio, calculate the specific emission of each working condition window period, eliminate the errors caused by different operations, realize the emission test full-state monitoring, guide the actual operation, intelligently identify the operation working condition, automatically judge the result and issue a report, utilize the excavator emission monitoring and the working condition state monitoring, plan the working condition ratio according to the loading characteristics, reasonably evaluate the emission under each load rate, and improve the test comprehensiveness and the accuracy.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a hydraulic excavator pollutant emission test system comprises an excavator pollutant emission monitoring module, an excavator working condition state monitoring module, a data acquisition module and a data analysis module;
the monitoring module of pollutants discharged by the excavator is used for testing the content of nitrogen oxides in exhaust gas and the flow rate of the exhaust gas;
the excavator working condition state monitoring module is used for monitoring the engine state and the excavator state;
and the data acquisition module and the data analysis module are used for acquiring, storing and analyzing data. Recording the data of the measuring process, and performing data analysis, working condition recognition and specific emission calculation after the test is finished
Further, the engine state comprises rotating speed, torque, fuel injection quantity, water temperature and air intake and exhaust quantity; the excavator state comprises a working device posture and a hydraulic system state.
Further, the method for calculating the posture of the working device comprises the following steps: the movement direction and the movement duration of the working device are calculated by utilizing the displacement or the inclination angle of the oil cylinder or utilizing the pressure, the pilot pressure and the switch state of the operating handle of the oil cylinder.
Further, the state of the hydraulic system is measured by a pressure sensor and a flow sensor.
Furthermore, the data analysis module has a database storage function.
Furthermore, the data analysis module inquires the proportion of the corresponding working condition according to the input vehicle information, judges the test compliance and automatically provides a test report.
The invention also provides an excavator, and the excavator is provided with the hydraulic excavator pollutant discharge test system.
The invention also provides a method for testing the pollutant emission of the hydraulic excavator, which comprises the following steps:
after the monitoring module is installed and confirms that the work is normal, vehicle information is input;
starting an engine, recording data by adopting a data acquisition module, and starting test operation after a hot vehicle is started;
in the working process, the data acquisition module records emission and excavator state data, and after the acquisition is finished, the data analysis module eliminates invalid idle speed data according to the working state of the excavator, judges working conditions and screens test data according to the type of the working conditions;
and taking the integral window ratio emission and the working condition window ratio emission as the basis for judging whether the compliance is met, and issuing a test report.
Further, the method for judging the working condition comprises the following steps:
judging whether the walking is performed or not by identifying the walking pressure or the state of the walking pull rod;
judging whether the crushing is carried out or not through the pressure of a crushing pipeline or a crushing switch;
dividing the excavating area and the flat area by displacement of a working device, pressure change period frequency or pilot pressure change period frequency;
and judging whether the engine is in idle speed or not according to the engine speed, the torque percentage and the operating lever state.
Further, test data are screened according to the working condition types, after screening is finished, the working condition proportion is automatically judged according to the result and is compared with a preset value, when the difference value exceeds 10%, the working condition time interval exceeding the part is automatically deleted, so that all the working condition proportions are consistent with the preset value, and if the difference value cannot meet the corresponding proportions after deletion, the test is regarded as failed.
Advantageous effects
1) The repeatability and the reproducibility of the discharge test of the hydraulic excavator are greatly improved;
2) the automatic identification of the working condition in the emission test process of the hydraulic excavator is realized;
3) the emission level evaluation is more comprehensive, and the risk of non-compliance of the emission level of the whole machine is reduced;
4) and synchronously acquiring exhaust pollutant data and hydraulic excavator working condition state data, and realizing the correlation evaluation of the working condition and the emission level.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the technical solution of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A hydraulic excavator pollutant emission test system comprises an excavator pollutant emission monitoring module, an excavator working condition state monitoring module, a data acquisition module, a data analysis module, an excavator pollutant emission test method and a test judgment program.
The monitoring module for pollutants discharged by the excavator comprises 1 nitrogen oxide sensor and 1 pitot tube flowmeter, or directly reads data such as nitrogen oxide concentration, intake flow, fuel consumption and the like sent by an engine ECU (electronic control Unit) to test the content of nitrogen oxide in exhaust gas and the flow of exhaust gas;
and the excavator working condition state monitoring module is used for monitoring the engine state and the excavator state. The engine state comprises parameters such as rotating speed, torque, oil injection quantity, water temperature, air intake and exhaust quantity and the like, and is obtained by reading ECU data of the engine; the state of the excavator comprises the attitude of a working device, the state of a hydraulic system and the like, and is obtained by installing a pressure sensor, a flowmeter, a gyroscope, a displacement sensor or acquiring signals of a preset sensor of the excavator, wherein the attitude of the working device can be obtained by utilizing the displacement of an oil cylinder or the inclination angle of the oil cylinder, the movement direction and the movement duration of the working device can also be calculated by utilizing the pressure of the oil cylinder, the pilot pressure and the on-off state of an operating handle, and the state of the hydraulic system is measured by a related.
The data acquisition module and the data analysis module are used for acquiring, storing and analyzing data, recording measurement process data, and performing data analysis, working condition identification and specific emission calculation after the test is finished, and the data analysis module has a database storage function, can inquire corresponding working condition occupation ratios according to input vehicle information, judges test compliance and automatically issues test reports. The data acquisition processing module can adopt a computer or equipment with an operation processing function.
The test method and the operation flow are as follows:
installing a monitoring module, and inputting information such as vehicle model, engine power, reference torque, NRTC circulating power and the like after the installation is finished and the normal work is confirmed;
and starting the engine, starting to record data, and collecting and storing all data by the data collection module. And starting the test operation after the water temperature rises to above 70 ℃ and does not change obviously.
The working conditions comprise various common working conditions of the excavator. Each operation is set according to time length, and the time ratio can be determined according to the tonnage of the vehicle and the corresponding market working condition ratio. In addition, different engine common rotating speeds are selected to work under various working conditions, the time ratio of each rotating speed is consistent as much as possible, and the maximum deviation of 10% is allowed. And when the work amount of the engine is accumulated to reach 5-7 times of NRTC cycle work or the time length reaches 2 hours, finishing data acquisition.
In the operation process, the data acquisition module records the discharge and excavator state data, and after the acquisition is finished, the data analysis module rejects invalid idle speed data according to the excavator working state, automatically judges the operation working condition and screens test data according to the working condition type. The method for distinguishing the working conditions can judge whether the walking is carried out or not by identifying the walking pressure or the state of the walking pull rod; judging whether the crushing is carried out or not through the pressure of a crushing pipeline or a crushing switch; dividing the excavating area and the flat area by displacement of a working device, pressure change period frequency or pilot pressure change period frequency; and judging whether the engine is in idle speed or not according to the engine speed, the torque percentage and the operating lever state. And after screening is finished, automatically judging the working condition proportion according to the result, comparing the working condition proportion with a preset value, and automatically deleting the excessive working condition time interval when the difference value exceeds 10% so that the proportion of each working condition is consistent with the preset value, and if the proportion cannot meet the corresponding proportion after deletion, determining that the test fails.
According to a power base window ratio emission calculation method based on NRTC circulating power, after part of data is removed, window ratio emission of the whole process is calculated. Meanwhile, a time window is divided by a single working condition, and the specific emission under the single working condition and the rotating speed is calculated.
Finally, the whole window ratio emission and the working condition window ratio emission are used as the basis for judging whether the compliance is met or not, and a test report is issued, wherein the information on the test report comprises: vehicle information, environmental information, working condition information, process state information, working condition corresponding ratio emission, overall process ratio emission, compliance determination and the like.
Interpretation of related terms:
PEMS-Portable emission test system, the regulation requires the specified emission pollutant test system, can carry out the exhaust pollutant content and the complete machine state test.
Claims (10)
1. The system for testing the pollutants discharged by the hydraulic excavator is characterized by comprising an excavator pollutant discharge monitoring module, an excavator working condition state monitoring module, a data acquisition module and a data analysis module;
the monitoring module of pollutants discharged by the excavator is used for testing the content of nitrogen oxides in exhaust gas and the flow rate of the exhaust gas;
the excavator working condition state monitoring module is used for monitoring the engine state and the excavator state;
and the data acquisition module and the data analysis module are used for acquiring, storing and analyzing data.
2. The hydraulic excavator exhaust pollutant testing system of claim 1, wherein the engine state includes a rotation speed, a torque, an oil injection amount, a water temperature, an intake and exhaust air amount; the excavator state comprises a working device posture and a hydraulic system state.
3. The system for testing the emission pollutants of the hydraulic excavator as claimed in claim 2, wherein the calculation method of the posture of the working device comprises the following steps: the movement direction and the movement duration of the working device are calculated by utilizing the displacement or the inclination angle of the oil cylinder or utilizing the pressure, the pilot pressure and the switch state of the operating handle of the oil cylinder.
4. The hydraulic excavator exhaust pollutant testing system of claim 2, wherein hydraulic system conditions are measured by pressure sensors and flow sensors.
5. The hydraulic excavator exhaust pollutant testing system of claim 1, wherein the data analysis module has database storage capability.
6. The system for testing the emission pollutants of the hydraulic excavator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the data analysis module inquires corresponding working condition ratios according to input vehicle information, judges test compliance and automatically gives a test report.
7. An excavator, characterized in that the excavator is equipped with the hydraulic excavator exhaust pollutant testing system of any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. A method for testing pollutant emission of a hydraulic excavator is characterized by comprising the following steps:
after the monitoring module is installed and confirms that the work is normal, vehicle information is input;
starting an engine, recording data by adopting a data acquisition module, and starting test operation after a hot vehicle is started;
in the working process, the data acquisition module records emission and excavator state data, and after the acquisition is finished, the data analysis module eliminates invalid idle speed data according to the working state of the excavator, judges working conditions and screens test data according to the type of the working conditions;
and taking the integral window ratio emission and the working condition window ratio emission as the basis for judging whether the compliance is met, and issuing a test report.
9. The method for testing pollutant emission of hydraulic excavator according to claim 8, wherein the method for judging operation condition comprises: judging whether the walking is performed or not by identifying the walking pressure or the state of the walking pull rod;
judging whether the crushing is carried out or not through the pressure of a crushing pipeline or a crushing switch;
dividing the excavating area and the flat area by displacement of a working device, pressure change period frequency or pilot pressure change period frequency;
and judging whether the engine is in idle speed or not according to the engine speed, the torque percentage and the operating lever state.
10. The method for testing pollutant emissions of hydraulic excavators according to claim 8, characterized in that the test data is screened according to the type of the working condition, after screening is completed, the working condition proportion is automatically determined according to the result and compared with the preset value, when the difference exceeds 10%, the working condition time interval of the excess part is automatically deleted, so that the working condition proportion is consistent with the preset value, and if the corresponding proportion cannot be met after deletion, the test is regarded as failed.
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Cited By (3)
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| WO2023284443A1 (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2023-01-19 | 上海三一重机股份有限公司 | Method and apparatus for determining working condition of excavator |
| CN115760819A (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2023-03-07 | 北京中环高科环境治理有限公司 | Volatile organic compound measuring method, calculating equipment and storage medium |
| CN115856225A (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2023-03-28 | 中国重汽集团济南动力有限公司 | A method for processing non-road mobile machinery PEMS test data |
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| CN115760819A (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2023-03-07 | 北京中环高科环境治理有限公司 | Volatile organic compound measuring method, calculating equipment and storage medium |
| CN115760819B (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2023-11-24 | 北京中环高科环境治理有限公司 | Volatile organic compound measuring method, computing equipment and storage medium |
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