CN110608890B - A construction machinery emission test system - Google Patents
A construction machinery emission test system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110608890B CN110608890B CN201910717692.4A CN201910717692A CN110608890B CN 110608890 B CN110608890 B CN 110608890B CN 201910717692 A CN201910717692 A CN 201910717692A CN 110608890 B CN110608890 B CN 110608890B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
- G01M15/04—Testing internal-combustion engines
- G01M15/05—Testing internal-combustion engines by combined monitoring of two or more different engine parameters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
- G01M15/04—Testing internal-combustion engines
- G01M15/10—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring exhaust gases or combustion flame
- G01M15/102—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring exhaust gases or combustion flame by monitoring exhaust gases
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
- G01M15/04—Testing internal-combustion engines
- G01M15/10—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring exhaust gases or combustion flame
- G01M15/102—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring exhaust gases or combustion flame by monitoring exhaust gases
- G01M15/104—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring exhaust gases or combustion flame by monitoring exhaust gases using oxygen or lambda-sensors
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Abstract
本申请公开了一种工程机械排放测试系统，用以解决现有测试方法不合理的问题。该系统包括监测模块、控制模块以及显示模块。监测模块监测待测试设备处于循环工况下的排放数据；控制模块获取排放数据以及对应的故障代码，根据故障代码判断排放数据是否有效，并根据排放数据，确定待测试设备的排气流量、氮氧化物质量流量以及比功率氮氧化物排放量；显示模块对发动机转速、负载分别与排气温度、排气烟度、氮氧化物质量流量与比功率氮氧化物排放量之间的对应关系，分别进行展示。通过对循环工况下的待测试设备进行实时监测，能够以较低的成本，准确的判定待测试设备的排放状况，提高测试结果的实际可用性。
The present application discloses a construction machinery emission testing system, which is used to solve the problem of unreasonable existing testing methods. The system includes a monitoring module, a control module and a display module. The monitoring module monitors the emission data of the equipment to be tested under cyclic conditions; the control module obtains the emission data and the corresponding fault code, judges whether the emission data is valid according to the fault code, and determines the exhaust flow, nitrogen flow and nitrogen of the equipment to be tested according to the emission data. Oxide mass flow and specific power nitrogen oxide emissions; display the corresponding relationship between the engine speed, load and exhaust temperature, exhaust smoke, nitrogen oxide mass flow and specific power nitrogen oxide emissions, respectively, displayed separately. Through real-time monitoring of the equipment to be tested under cyclic conditions, the emission status of the equipment to be tested can be accurately determined at a lower cost, and the actual availability of the test results can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of industry, in particular to an engineering machinery emission test system.
Background
The engineering machinery is a general name of machinery used for engineering construction, and refers to earth and stone, mobile hoisting, loading and unloading, construction engineering, comprehensive mechanized construction and production process machinery related to the engineering. The engineering machinery is mostly diesel machinery, and pollutants discharged by the engineering machinery mainly comprise nitrogen oxides, particulate matters, hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and the like. The pollutant discharge amount of the engineering machinery, particularly old engineering machinery, has a great proportion in the national pollutant discharge amount, so that the problem of the pollutant discharge amount of the engineering machinery is widely concerned.
At present, before equipment such as an engine of a construction machine is shipped, a factory bench test is performed to test an operation state, an emission amount, and the like of the construction machine. In addition, most of the adopted test methods are steady state experiment tests or transient state experiment tests.
However, since the load of the construction machine is severely changed in the actual application process, the specific emission condition of the construction machine cannot be reflected when the emission test is performed by the above test method, so that the test result lacks the actual applicability.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides an engineering machinery emission test system, which is used for solving the problem that the existing test method cannot accurately measure the emission data of the engineering machinery.
The engineering machine tool that this application embodiment provided discharges test system includes:
the monitoring module is used for monitoring the emission data of the equipment to be tested under the circulating working condition; the emission data at least comprises engine speed, load, nitrogen oxide numerical value, exhaust temperature and exhaust smoke degree;
the control module is connected with the monitoring module and used for acquiring the emission data and a corresponding fault code, judging whether the emission data is valid or not according to the fault code, and determining the exhaust flow, the nitrogen oxide mass flow and the specific power nitrogen oxide emission of the equipment to be tested according to the emission data;
and the display module is connected with the control module and is used for respectively displaying the corresponding relation among the rotating speed, the load and the exhaust temperature of the engine, the corresponding relation among the rotating speed, the load and the exhaust smoke intensity of the engine, the corresponding relation among the rotating speed, the load and the mass flow of nitrogen oxides of the engine and the corresponding relation among the rotating speed, the load and the specific power of the engine and the discharge amount of nitrogen oxides.
The embodiment of the application provides an engineering machinery emission test system, and a monitoring module in the system monitors emission data of equipment to be tested under a circulation working condition. The control module obtains the emission data of the monitoring module and the corresponding fault codes, and determines the exhaust flow, the nitrogen oxide mass flow and the specific power nitrogen oxide emission of the corresponding equipment to be tested according to the emission data after judging that the emission data is valid. And then, the display module can show the corresponding relation between the engine speed and the load of the equipment to be tested and the exhaust temperature, the exhaust smoke intensity, the mass flow of nitrogen oxide and the specific power nitrogen oxide emission respectively. The test system can be used for carrying out real-time emission test on the equipment to be tested under the circulating working condition, and analyzing the current use condition and the emission condition of the equipment to be tested according to the change of the engine rotating speed and the load of the equipment to be tested and the change of data such as the exhaust temperature, the mass flow of nitric oxide and the like of the corresponding equipment to be tested, so that the test result is more accurate and has pertinence.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an engineering machine emission testing system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2(a) is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the corresponding relationship between the engine speed, the load and the exhaust flow of the device to be tested provided by the embodiment of the application;
fig. 2(b) is a schematic contour diagram of the corresponding relationship between the engine speed, the load and the exhaust flow of the device to be tested according to the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3(a) is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the corresponding relationship between the engine speed, the load and the exhaust temperature of the device to be tested provided by the embodiment of the application;
FIG. 3(b) is a schematic contour diagram of the corresponding relationship between the engine speed, the load and the exhaust temperature of the device to be tested provided by the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3(c) is a schematic diagram illustrating a variation relationship between a load and an exhaust temperature of a device to be tested at a constant rotation speed according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4(a) is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the corresponding relationship between the engine speed, the load and the mass flow of the nitrogen oxide of the device to be tested provided by the embodiment of the application;
FIG. 4(b) is a schematic contour diagram of the corresponding relationship among the engine speed, the load and the mass flow of nitrogen oxide of the device to be tested provided by the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4(c) is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the load of the device to be tested and the mass flow of nitrogen oxide at a constant rotation speed according to the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the corresponding relationship between the engine speed, the load and the specific power NOx emission of the device to be tested according to the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a variation relationship between a load of a device to be tested and an exhaust smoke intensity at a constant rotation speed according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a variation relationship between an engine speed and a load of a device to be tested according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating load variation of an excavator at a constant rotation speed according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 9(a) is a schematic work flow diagram of an engineering machine emission testing system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 9(b) is a schematic work flow diagram of another engineering machine emission testing system provided in the embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail and completely with reference to the following specific embodiments of the present application and the accompanying drawings. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The engineering machine is different from a road vehicle, because the engineering machine has various types, engine systems of the engineering machine are different, the load of the engineering machine during working changes violently, and the actual emission condition of the engineering machine is different from the data in the test during the factory bench test. Therefore, the embodiment of the application provides an engineering machine emission test system, which is used for accurately testing the emission condition of the engineering machine and analyzing the emission condition of the engineering machine.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an engineering machine emission testing system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 1, the engineering machine emission testing system 100 includes a monitoring module 110, a control module 120, and a display module 130.
The monitoring module 110 is used for monitoring emission data of a device to be tested (i.e. a construction machine) under a cyclic condition. The cycle working condition refers to a cycle reciprocating state that the load of the engineering machinery sharply rises and then falls in the actual working process. The emission data monitored by the monitoring module 110 includes at least engine speed, load, nox values, exhaust temperature, and exhaust smoke.
In particular, the monitoring module 110 may include a nitrogen oxide sensor, a temperature sensor, a smoke meter, and an acquisition unit.
The nitrogen oxide sensor is used for monitoring the nitrogen oxide numerical value discharged by the equipment to be tested, can be arranged in an exhaust pipeline behind a turbocharger of the equipment to be tested, and can be arranged in front of the silencer when the silencer is arranged in the exhaust pipeline. The nitrogen oxide sensor can be used in the embodiment of the application, wherein the measuring range is 0-1500 ppm, the applicable exhaust temperature range is 200-800 ℃, and the response time is 1000 ms.
The temperature sensor is used for monitoring the exhaust temperature of the preset position of the device to be tested. In an embodiment of the application, a plurality of temperature sensors can be included in the system, which can be arranged as desired at a plurality of preset positions in the exhaust line of the device to be tested. Since devices such as a catalytic converter, a particle trap, and other sensors may be provided in the device to be tested, the temperature range to which each of these devices can be applied is limited. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, the locations where other corresponding devices are installed can be determined by monitoring the temperature with the temperature sensors disposed at a plurality of preset locations. The Catalytic converter is used for purifying NOx in the exhaust gas of the device to be tested by adopting Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR), and the particle catcher is used for filtering particulate emission substances in the exhaust gas of the device to be tested. The preset position at which the temperature sensor is set can be determined as desired.
The smoke meter is used for monitoring the exhaust smoke degree of the device to be tested. In order to enable the smoke meter to have no influence on the exhaust flow field of the device to be tested when the smoke meter takes gas, the smoke meter can be arranged at the straight pipe section of the exhaust pipe of the device to be tested, and the smoke taking pipe of the smoke meter is inserted into the straight pipe section of the exhaust pipe. Moreover, the smoke taking pipeline can be arranged to be of a wing-shaped structure, and a flow deflector is designed to reduce the influence of the gas taking device of the smoke meter on the exhaust flow field.
The obtaining unit is used for obtaining the engine speed and the load of the device to be tested through a Controller Area Network (CAN). The device to be tested may not have an on-board automatic diagnosis system or other systems capable of directly acquiring the engine speed and the load of the device to be tested. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, the engine speed and the load of the device to be tested CAN be obtained by the obtaining unit through the CAN bus.
In addition, the monitoring module 110 can also monitor the engine intake temperature, pressure, engine exhaust pressure, hydraulic main pump pressure and other data of the device to be tested, so as to more accurately evaluate the discharge condition of the device to be tested.
The monitoring module 110 may further determine a fault code corresponding to the current discharge condition from pre-stored fault codes when the discharge condition is abnormal according to the monitored discharge condition of the device to be tested, and send the determined fault code to the control module 120. The fault conditions corresponding to the fault codes can include the conditions that the NOx emission is over-standard, the SCR conversion efficiency is low and the like.
The control module 120 is coupled to the monitoring module 110 for obtaining emission data from the monitoring module 110, and a corresponding fault code. The control module 120 may determine whether the acquired emission data is valid based on the received fault code. If the emission data is valid, the subsequent process may continue. If the emission data is invalid, the control module 120 may determine to adopt a method of limiting the operation of the device to be tested, etc. according to the received fault code, so as to solve the corresponding fault condition. Also, the control module 120 may send an alarm signal to enable a user to adjust the device to be tested according to a fault condition.
In addition, the control module 120 may further determine an exhaust flow rate corresponding to the engine speed and the load in the acquired exhaust data according to a pre-stored corresponding relationship between the engine speed and the load of the device to be tested and the exhaust flow rate.
The pre-stored corresponding relation between the engine speed, the load and the exhaust flow of the device to be tested can be obtained through the following modes:
the monitoring module 110 may include a differential pressure flow sensor for monitoring engine exhaust flow of the device under test. The exhaust flow of the equipment to be tested is detected by adopting the differential pressure type flow sensor, so that the influence of large back pressure on the original engine of the engine can not be generated, and the differential pressure type flow sensor can be suitable for the environment with high exhaust temperature of the engine. The flow sensor can be arranged at the rear part of an engine exhaust pipe, and specifically, a differential pressure type flow sensor with the measuring range of 30-2080 kg/h, the measured gas temperature of-1-700 ℃ and the system response time of 2ms can be adopted.
In order to obtain exhaust flow rates respectively corresponding to the devices to be tested under different engine rotating speeds and loads, the exhaust flow rates of the devices to be tested under different conditions can be obtained by adjusting the engine rotating speeds and the loads of the devices to be tested according to preset engine rotating speed values and preset load values.
Specifically, the engine speed may be divided into 11 speed steps (i.e., the above-mentioned preset engine speed value) from 0 to 1900r/min, and the load may be divided into 11 speed steps (i.e., the above-mentioned preset load value) from 0 to 100%. The engine works in an overflow state by adjusting the pretightening force of the overflow valve of the main hydraulic pump, so that the engine is at the maximum engine load point of the current valve force, namely the load of the engine is changed by adjusting the overflow valve. And acquiring the exhaust flow of the equipment to be tested under each value according to a preset engine rotating speed value and a preset load value, and storing the acquired corresponding relation among the engine rotating speed, the load and the exhaust flow of the equipment to be tested. Wherein, the engine speed can comprise 800r/min, 1000r/min, 1200r/min, 1400r/min, 1600r/min, 1800r/min and other gears.
In the embodiment of the application, the test system can determine a three-dimensional relation graph among the engine speed, the load and the corresponding exhaust flow of the device to be tested according to the acquired data. As shown in fig. 2(a), the x-axis of the graph represents the engine speed of the device to be tested, the y-axis represents the load of the device to be tested, and the z-axis represents the exhaust flow rate of the device to be tested. Alternatively, as shown in fig. 2(b), the test system may determine a contour map of the correspondence between the engine speed, load, and corresponding exhaust flow rate of the device under test. As can be seen from fig. 2(a) and 2(b), the engine exhaust flow rate is in a positive correlation with the engine speed and the load, and the maximum exhaust flow rate of 1400kg/h is obtained at the maximum value of the engine speed and the load.
When the exhaust flow of the equipment to be tested is monitored through the flow sensor, the flow sensor needs to be arranged at the straight pipe section of the exhaust pipe. However, the smoke meter is also disposed at the straight pipe section of the exhaust pipe, so that if the two devices are placed at the straight pipe section of the exhaust pipe of the device to be tested, a long distance is required to be disposed between the two devices to avoid mutual influence. However, this results in an excessively long exhaust pipe of the device to be tested, which causes structural inconvenience, etc. Therefore, by predetermining and storing the relationship between the engine speed and the load of the device to be tested and the exhaust flow, when the test system acquires the emission data, the corresponding exhaust flow can be determined from the prestored corresponding relationship by directly acquiring the engine speed and the load of the device to be tested without acquiring the data of the flow sensor. By the mode, the workload of acquiring the emission data by the test system is saved, and the problem of coexistence of the flow sensor and the smoke meter is solved.
In this embodiment, the control module 120 may further calculate a mass flow rate of nitrogen oxide and a specific power discharge amount of nitrogen oxide of the device to be tested according to the nitrogen oxide value in the discharge data and the determined exhaust flow rate. The mass flow of the nitrogen oxides represents the mass of the nitrogen oxides passing through the exhaust pipe in unit time, and the discharge amount of the nitrogen oxides in specific power refers to the ratio of the mass of the nitrogen oxides to the power. After the control module 120 obtains the nitrogen oxide value of the device to be tested, the control module may perform wet basis correction on the nitrogen oxide value, and then perform subsequent calculation.
The display module 130 is connected to the control module 120, and is configured to respectively display a corresponding relationship among an engine speed, a load, and an exhaust temperature of the device to be tested, a corresponding relationship among an engine speed, a load, and a mass flow of nitrogen oxides, and a corresponding relationship among an engine speed, a load, and a specific power of nitrogen oxide emissions.
Specifically, the display module 130 may display the corresponding relationship in a preset form. The preset form can include a three-dimensional graph, a contour graph and the like.
Fig. 3(a) is a three-dimensional relationship diagram between the engine speed, the load, and the exhaust gas temperature. In fig. 3(a), the x-axis represents the load (i.e., load), the y-axis represents the engine speed, and the z-axis represents the exhaust temperature. Fig. 3(b) is a contour diagram showing a corresponding relationship between the engine speed, the load, and the exhaust gas temperature. The graph shows the variation of different exhaust temperatures at different engine speeds and loads. Fig. 3(c) is a graph showing a change in load and exhaust temperature at a typical fixed rotation speed. The abscissa in the figure represents the change in time, the bold curve being the exhaust temperature change curve and the thinner curve being the load change curve.
Fig. 4(a) is a three-dimensional relationship diagram between engine speed, load, and nox mass flow. In fig. 4(a), the x-axis represents load (i.e., load), the y-axis represents engine speed, and the z-axis represents nox mass flow. Fig. 4(a) is a contour diagram showing a correspondence relationship between the engine speed, the load, and the nox mass flow rate. The graph shows the variation of the mass flow of nitrogen oxides for different engine speeds and loads. Fig. 4(c) is a graph showing a change in load and nox emission at a typical fixed rotation speed. The abscissa of the graph shows the change in time, the bold curve is the change in nox emission, and the thinner curve is the change in load.
Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional relationship diagram between the engine speed, the load, and the specific nox emission (hereinafter referred to as "nox specific emission"). In fig. 5, the x-axis represents the engine speed, the y-axis represents the load (i.e., load), and the z-axis represents the specific nox emission.
Fig. 6 is a graph showing a change in load and exhaust smoke density at a typical fixed rotation speed. The abscissa in the figure represents the change in time, the bold curve is the change in exhaust smoke intensity, and the thin curve is the change in load.
In an embodiment of the present application, the test system may further include an analysis module. The analysis module is used for analyzing the variation trend of the exhaust temperature, the nitrogen oxide mass flow, the specific power nitrogen oxide emission and the exhaust smoke degree of the equipment to be tested according to the corresponding relation displayed by the display module 130.
As can be seen from fig. 3(a) and 3(b), the exhaust gas temperature is in a positive correlation with the engine speed and the load, the exhaust gas temperature increases as the engine speed and the load increase, and the exhaust gas temperature is higher at each gear position of the engine speed. When the load is unchanged, the exhaust temperature is higher at the medium rotating speed within the range of 800 r/min-1800 r/min of the engine rotating speed. As can be seen from fig. 3(c), the exhaust temperature increases with an increase in load, but the exhaust temperature variation is delayed from the load variation due to thermal inertia. And because the high-load area of the engine is short in maintenance time, the exhaust temperature does not reach the exhaust temperature under the steady-state condition of the same load, for example, in fig. 3(b), when the device to be tested is at the engine speed of 1800r/min and the load is 90%, the exhaust temperature reaches 367 ℃, and in fig. 3(c), when the device to be tested is at the transient operating condition, the highest exhaust temperature is only 300 ℃. In this case, the lower exhaust temperature places higher demands on the subsequent exhaust gas treatment.
As can be seen from fig. 4(a) and 4(b), the mass flow rate of nitrogen oxide is in a positive correlation with the engine speed and the load, and since the engine operates in a high load region where the load is maximum in the vicinity of the shift position of the engine speed, the volume fraction of nitrogen oxide and the exhaust gas flow rate are both increased, and therefore the mass flow rate of nitrogen oxide is high in the shift position of each engine speed. As can be seen from fig. 4(c), the amount of nitrogen oxide discharged changes in the same trend as the load, and the amount of nitrogen oxide discharged increases as the load increases during the loading process, and the amount of nitrogen oxide discharged decreases as the load decreases during the unloading process. In the case where the device to be tested is an excavator, since the engine operates in the loading process and the large load region in the excavation state, the fuel injection amount is increased, the in-cylinder combustion temperature is increased, and the oxygen concentration is decreased, for pursuing the dynamic property, and therefore the emission amount of nitrogen oxides is increased, whereas in the non-excavation state, the engine operates in the reduced load and the small load region, the in-cylinder combustion temperature is decreased, and the oxygen concentration is increased, and therefore the emission amount of nitrogen oxides is decreased.
As can be seen from fig. 6, when the device to be tested is loaded suddenly, from idle to full load, the smoke meter monitors a higher value of the exhaust smoke. In the actual test process, due to the fact that response of the turbocharger is delayed, insufficient gas is supplied to cause insufficient combustion, and conditions such as visible black smoke and the like may occur on the equipment to be tested.
Specifically, the emission test system further comprises a damping device and an isolation exhaust pipe device.
The shock absorbing device is connected to the monitoring module 110 and is used to reduce the shock to the monitoring module 110 when the device to be tested is in operation. For example, the damping device can be a damping spring, and the damping spring is connected with devices such as a smoke meter in the monitoring module so as to buffer the vibration of the equipment to be tested in the working process; alternatively, the shock absorbing means may be an elastic material, or the like.
The isolation exhaust pipe device is disposed between the exhaust pipe and the monitoring module 110, and is used for isolating the exhaust pipe from the monitoring module 110. Because the vibration degree of the exhaust pipe is severe in the working process of the device to be tested, an isolation exhaust pipe device can be arranged between the exhaust pipe and the monitoring module 110 to avoid the influence of the exhaust pipe on the monitoring module 110. The isolation exhaust pipe device may be a closed box body covering the monitoring module 110 to protect the monitoring module; or the isolation exhaust pipe device can be a fixing device (such as a fixing support) for fixing the exhaust pipe, and the fixing device connects the exhaust pipe with the machine body of the equipment to be tested so as to fix the exhaust pipe and reduce the vibration degree of the exhaust pipe.
In the embodiment of the present application, the monitoring module 110 may simultaneously monitor the emission data of a plurality of devices under test under a cyclic condition. In order to distinguish between a plurality of devices to be tested, the device identification of the devices to be tested may be included in the emission data.
The control module 120 may receive emissions data for a plurality of devices under test while the plurality of devices under test are in a monitored state. For each device to be tested, the control module 120 may determine a corresponding device to be tested according to the device identifier included in the received emission data. And determining corresponding relation between corresponding prestored engine rotating speed, load and exhaust flow according to the equipment identification, and determining exhaust flow corresponding to the engine rotating speed and load in the emission data of the equipment to be tested according to the determined corresponding relation.
In addition, the device to be tested is worn in the using process, so that the emission data of the device to be tested is changed. Therefore, the stored corresponding relation between the engine speed, the load and the discharge flow of the equipment to be tested can be updated according to the preset period so as to adapt to the actual change condition of the equipment to be tested and improve the accuracy of the test result.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the variation of the engine speed and the load of the device to be tested under the cyclic condition. In the figure, the axis of abscissa indicates the load (i.e., load), the axis of ordinate indicates the engine speed, and each curve indicates the change of the speed with the load at each steady speed gear. As can be seen from FIG. 7, at a fixed engine speed gear, the change in engine speed generally does not exceed 1000r/min and varies linearly with load.
In one embodiment, the device under test may be an excavator. During normal operation of the excavator, the engine speed gear of the excavator is usually set at 1800r/min for obtaining maximum power performance. Therefore, when the emission test is carried out on the excavator, the cycle working condition that the rotation speed of the excavator is unchanged and the load is changed can be tested according to the rotation speed of the excavator at 1800 r/min.
Fig. 8 is a load change diagram of the excavator under the condition of constant rotating speed. The graph shows the change of the load of the excavator in 150 s. The excavator mainly applies work through a hydraulic system such as a big arm, a small arm, a bucket, rotation, walking and the like, and as can be seen from fig. 8, the load of the excavator during working changes violently and changes from 20% to 95% in a transient state. When the excavator digs heavy objects, the load rises sharply and then falls, and the load change amplitude of the excavator is small in the process of releasing the heavy objects. The load is circularly reciprocated in this way, and a circulating working condition is formed.
Since the discharge test of the excavator can be performed under the condition that the rotation speed is not changed, after the control module 120 acquires the discharge data of the excavator, the exhaust flow of the corresponding excavator can be determined directly according to the load in the discharge data and the corresponding relationship between the pre-stored load and the exhaust flow.
Fig. 9(a) and 9(b) are schematic diagrams illustrating a work flow of an engineering machine emission testing system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
In a possible implementation manner, the engineering machinery test system may include an upper computer system, a lower computer system, and several subsystems. Each subsystem represents a testing device such as a number of sensors (e.g., temperature sensors, smoke meters, as described above) in the device under test, which may communicate with a lower computer system. The lower computer system is a main control system and CAN realize the functions of communicating with each subsystem, initializing each subsystem (such as heating, zero marking and the like), acquiring data of a CAN line of the whole vehicle and the like. The upper computer system is an operating system and can send instructions to the lower computer system under the operation of a user to acquire emission data and fault codes of the equipment to be tested from the lower computer system, determine whether the emission data is valid, judge the fault of the equipment to be tested, store the data and the like.
Fig. 9(a) is a schematic flowchart of the lower computer system. As shown in fig. 9(a), after the engineering machine emission testing system is started, the lower computer system may first perform initialization operations such as heating, zeroing, and the like on each subsystem. And then, the lower computer system can receive a data acquisition command of the upper computer system, acquire the emission data of each subsystem according to the data acquisition command, and upload the acquired emission data and the corresponding fault codes to the upper computer system.
Fig. 9(b) is a schematic workflow diagram of the upper computer system. As shown in fig. 9(b), after the engineering machinery emission test system is started, the upper computer system may first set basic parameters of the entire engineering machinery emission test system, and perform an initialization operation. And then, the upper computer system can acquire the emission data and the corresponding fault code from the lower computer system after sending a data acquisition command to the lower computer system. The upper computer system can judge whether the acquired emission data is effective or not according to the fault code. If the emission data is valid, the emission flow corresponding to the rotating speed and the load in the acquired emission data can be determined according to the prestored corresponding relation among the rotating speed, the load and the emission flow of the engine, and subsequent operations such as calculation, display and storage are carried out.
The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. An engineering machine emission testing system, comprising:
the monitoring module is used for monitoring the emission data of the equipment to be tested under the circulating working condition and determining fault codes corresponding to the current emission condition from prestored fault codes when the emission condition is abnormal; the emission data at least comprises engine speed, load, nitrogen oxide numerical value, exhaust temperature and exhaust smoke degree;
the control module is connected with the monitoring module and used for acquiring the emission data and a corresponding fault code, judging whether the emission data is valid or not according to the fault code, and determining the exhaust flow, the nitrogen oxide mass flow and the specific power nitrogen oxide emission of the equipment to be tested according to the emission data;
and the display module is connected with the control module and is used for respectively displaying the corresponding relation among the rotating speed, the load and the exhaust temperature of the engine, the corresponding relation among the rotating speed, the load and the exhaust smoke intensity of the engine, the corresponding relation among the rotating speed, the load and the mass flow of nitrogen oxides of the engine and the corresponding relation among the rotating speed, the load and the specific power of the engine and the discharge amount of nitrogen oxides.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the monitoring module comprises at least a nitrogen oxide sensor, a temperature sensor, a smoke meter, an acquisition unit;
the nitrogen oxide sensor is used for monitoring the nitrogen oxide value emitted by the equipment to be tested;
the temperature sensor is used for monitoring the exhaust temperature of a preset position of the device to be tested;
the smoke meter is used for monitoring the exhaust smoke degree of the equipment to be tested;
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the engine speed and the load of the equipment to be tested through a controller local area network.
3. The system of claim 1, further comprising a damping device and an isolated exhaust pipe device;
the damping device is connected with the monitoring module and used for reducing the vibration generated to the monitoring module when the equipment to be tested works;
the isolation exhaust pipe device is arranged between the exhaust pipe and the monitoring module and used for separating the exhaust pipe from the monitoring module and reducing the vibration of the monitoring module.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein determining an exhaust flow rate of the device under test from the emissions data comprises:
determining exhaust flow corresponding to the engine speed and the load in the emission data according to the corresponding relation of the engine speed, the load and the exhaust flow which are prestored; the corresponding relation of the prestored engine speed, the prestored load and the prestored exhaust flow is obtained by the following method:
adjusting the engine speed and the load of the device to be tested according to a preset numerical value;
and determining exhaust flow rates respectively corresponding to different engine speeds and loads, and correspondingly storing the exhaust flow rates.
5. The system according to claim 1, wherein the display module is specifically configured to respectively display a corresponding relationship among an engine speed, a load, and an exhaust temperature, a corresponding relationship among an engine speed, a load, and an exhaust smoke intensity, a corresponding relationship among an engine speed, a load, and a nitrogen oxide mass flow, and a corresponding relationship among an engine speed, a load, and a specific power nitrogen oxide emission in a preset form, wherein the preset form at least includes a three-dimensional graph and a contour graph.
6. The system of claim 4, wherein determining the NOx mass flow and specific power NOx emissions of the device under test from the emissions data comprises:
and calculating to obtain the mass flow rate of the nitrogen oxide and the specific power nitrogen oxide emission of the equipment to be tested according to the numerical value of the nitrogen oxide and the determined exhaust flow rate.
7. The system of claim 1, wherein the emissions data further includes a device identification of the device under test;
the monitoring module is specifically used for monitoring the emission data of a plurality of devices to be tested under the circulating working condition.
8. The system of claim 1, further comprising an analysis module;
and the analysis module is used for analyzing the variation trends of the exhaust temperature, the nitrogen oxide mass flow, the specific power nitrogen oxide emission and the exhaust smoke intensity of the equipment to be tested according to the corresponding relation displayed by the display module.
9. The system of claim 1, wherein the control module is further configured to send an alarm signal if the emission data is determined to be invalid based on the fault code.
10. The system of claim 1, wherein the device under test is an excavator;
the display module is specifically used for respectively displaying the corresponding relation between the load and the exhaust temperature, the corresponding relation between the load and the exhaust smoke intensity, the corresponding relation between the load and the mass flow of the nitrogen oxide and the corresponding relation between the load and the specific power of the nitrogen oxide emission under the preset engine speed.
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| CN111413101A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-07-14 | 无锡市海龙机械有限公司 | Engine exhaust emission detection device and working method thereof |
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| CN113985765B (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2024-05-07 | 江苏中海昇物联科技有限公司 | Monitoring system and monitoring method for working state of fuel engineering machinery |
| CN114235439B (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2023-08-11 | 雷沃工程机械集团有限公司 | Whole machine thermal balance test operation method of tire type loader |
| CN115326404A (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2022-11-11 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Engine stand measurement and control system alarm method and engine stand |
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