CN112964191B - A Micro-deformation Laser Collimation Measurement Method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a micro-deformation laser alignment measuring method, which measures corresponding data by using a laser emitting device and a laser receiving target position, measures the displacement coordinates of adjacent monitoring points by taking the initial coordinate of any monitoring point as a monitoring base point, and measures the displacement coordinate of the next monitoring point based on the obtained displacement coordinate of the monitoring point, thereby obtaining the displacement of each monitoring point.

Description

A Micro-deformation Laser Alignment Measurement Method

technical field

The invention relates to the field of micro-deformation measurement at monitoring points, in particular to a micro-deformation laser alignment measurement method.

Background technique

Foundation pit monitoring is an important link in the construction of foundation pit engineering. Observe and analyze the work, and feedback the monitoring results in time, predict the deformation and stable state development that will be caused by further construction, and judge the degree of impact of construction on the surrounding environment according to the prediction, to guide design and construction, and realize the so-called information construction. The current foundation pit measurement is generally carried out by using a total station, and the relevant national technical standards also allow the use of laser alignment measurement for foundation pit deformation monitoring. The usage scenario of the traditional and standard laser alignment measurement method is that several monitoring points are approximately located on a straight line, and the points at both ends are reference points. A laser emitting device, such as a laser theodolite, is placed on a reference point, and the other end is used to Orient the reference point, fix the horizontal direction, aim up and down at the receiving target on each monitoring point in turn, measure the coordinates of the laser spot on the target, and calculate the relative displacement of the monitoring point according to the coordinate change of each spot on the target and total displacement. For this reason, our company proposes the method of using laser automatic measurement as the main method, and cooperates with the total station to measure the initial value of the monitoring point. Using this method will improve the measurement accuracy and reduce the cost of personnel. For the specific plan, please refer to the patent applied by our company, Publication No. CN111457848A, a method and system for measuring displacement through coordinate changes between adjacent monitoring points. In this patent, only the foundation pit is considered as the standard measurement. However, in the actual construction process, some abnormal shapes will appear in the foundation pit. Then the accurate measurement of the foundation pit cannot be realized by adopting the above-mentioned scheme.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and provide a micro-deformation laser alignment measurement method, which is mainly aimed at the measurement of special-shaped micro-deformation of foundation pits, thereby solving the deficiencies of the prior art.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A micro-deformation laser alignment measurement method, the method steps are as follows:

Step 1): In the initial state, each monitoring point is A ₁ , A ₂ , A ₃ , ... A _n in turn, and the initial state of each monitoring point in the initial state is measured with a high-precision total station The coordinates are expressed as A _i =(x _i ,y _i ), i=1~n;

Step 2): Use the coordinates of each monitoring point measured in step 1) to calculate the distances between monitoring points as D ₁ , D ₂ , D ₃ , ... D _n-1 and the coordinate azimuths as α ₁ , α ₂ , α ₃ , . . . α _n-1 ;

Step 3): Define each monitoring point A ₁ ', A ₂ ', A ₃ ', ... A _n ' after the displacement, and the linear distance between the adjacent monitoring points after the displacement is measured as D ₁ ', D ₂ ', D ₃ ', ... D _n-1 ';

其中为常量

Step 4): Regularly measure the spot coordinate displacement of each monitoring point compared with the last monitoring point, which are recorded as d ₁ , d ₂ , d ₃ , ... d _n in turn, and after the displacement of each monitoring point The variation of coordinate azimuth angles are Δα ₁ , Δα ₂ , Δα ₃ , ... Δα _n-1 , where,

where constant

Step _{5): Calculate the angles Δα 1 ', Δα 2 ' , Δα 3 ' ,} ... ..Δα _n-1 ', then:

α' _n-1 = α _n-1 + Δα _n-1 ;

Step 6): Take the initial coordinates of any monitoring point as the monitoring base point, measure the displacement coordinates of its adjacent monitoring points, and measure the displacement coordinates of the next monitoring point based on the calculated displacement coordinates of the monitoring point, then:

Monitoring point A _n = (x _n , y _n ) is the monitoring base point, then the coordinates of A _n+1 ' are:

Then, the coordinates of A _n+2 ' are:

Step 7): By comparing the displaced coordinates of each monitoring point with the corresponding initial coordinates, the displacement of each monitoring coordinate is obtained.

Further, each of the monitoring points is provided with a laser emitting device and a laser receiving target for measuring the initial distance D ₁ , D ₂ , D ₃ , ... D _n-1 between each monitoring point, and The displaced distances D ₁ ′, D ₂ ′, D ₃ ′, ... D _n-1 ', and the displacements d ₁ , d ₂ , d ₃ , ... d _n .

Further, the laser receiving target position is perpendicular to the plane where the monitoring point is located, and the horizontal direction of the laser receiving target position is defined as the x-axis, and the vertical direction is the y-axis, then the measured x-axis coordinate is the displacement d of the monitoring point ₁ , d ₂ , d ₃ , ... d _n , the y-axis coordinate is the settlement of the monitoring point.

Further, the laser receiving target is made of frosted material to eliminate or reduce the halo of the receiving spot.

Further, the initial distances DD ₁ , D ₂ , D ₃ , ... D _n-1 and the displaced distances D ₁ ′, D ₂ ′, D ₃ ′, ... D _n-1 ' is measured by using the distance measuring function of the laser emitting device.

Further, the coordinates of each monitoring point in the initial state are measured by a total station.

Further, the displacement of the monitoring base point is measured by combining the initial coordinates of the previous monitoring point with formula (1).

The beneficial effects of the invention are: compared with the traditional manual measurement, the scheme uses the laser emitting device and the laser receiving target to measure the corresponding data, so that the displacement of each monitoring point can be obtained.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the displacement status of each monitoring point;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the post-displacement measurement of each monitoring point.

Detailed ways

The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific examples, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following description.

Shown with reference to Fig. 1, be the basic principle of the present invention, under the premise of knowing the coordinates of two points, can calculate the spacing and the included angle between two points, assume in Fig. 1 p ₁ =(x ₁ , y ₁ ), p ₂ =(x ₂ ,y ₂ ), then:

对其进行换算，则有：

Convert it to:

也就是说在已经两点之间的间距和夹角的前提下可以求出两点之间的坐标，以此作为基础进行微变形测量。

That is to say, the coordinates between the two points can be obtained under the premise of the distance and angle between the two points, and the micro-deformation measurement can be performed on this basis.

Referring to Figure 2, it is a schematic diagram of the displacement of a monitoring point in a special-shaped area. The principle of its measurement method is shown in Figure 3. It is a micro-deformation laser alignment measurement method. The steps of the method are as follows:

Step 1): In the initial state, each monitoring point is A ₁ , A ₂ , A ₃ , ... A _n in turn, and the initial coordinates of each monitoring point in the initial state measured by the total station are expressed as A _i = (x _i ,y _i ), i=1～n;

Step 2): Use the coordinates of each monitoring point measured in step 1) to calculate the distances between monitoring points as D ₁ , D ₂ , D ₃ , ... D _n-1 and the coordinate azimuths as α ₁ , α ₂ , α ₃ , . . . α _n-1 ;

Step 3): Define each monitoring point A ₁ ', A ₂ ', A ₃ ', ... A _n ' after the displacement, and the linear distance between the adjacent monitoring points after the displacement is measured as D ₁ ', D ₂ ', D ₃ ', ... D _n-1 ';

其中为常量

Step 4): Regularly measure the displacement of each monitoring point compared with the last monitoring point, and record them as d ₁ , d ₂ , d ₃ , ... d _n in turn, then there are coordinates after the displacement of each monitoring point The azimuth angles are Δα ₁ , Δα ₂ , Δα ₃ , ... Δα _n-1 , where,

where constant

Step _{5): Calculate the angles Δα 1 ', Δα 2 ' , Δα 3 ' ,} ... ..Δα _n-1 ', then:

α' _n-1 = α _n-1 + Δα _n-1 ;

Step 6): Take the initial coordinates of any monitoring point as the monitoring base point, measure the displacement coordinates of its adjacent monitoring points, and measure the displacement coordinates of the next monitoring point based on the calculated displacement coordinates of the monitoring point, then:

Monitoring point A _n = (x _n , y _n ) is the monitoring base point, then the coordinates of A _n+1 ' are:

Then, the coordinates of A _n+2 ' are:

Step 7): By comparing the displaced coordinates of each monitoring point with the corresponding initial coordinates, the displacement of each monitoring coordinate is obtained.

Further, each of the monitoring points is provided with a laser emitting device and a laser receiving target for measuring the initial distance D ₁ , D ₂ , D ₃ , ... D _n-1 between each monitoring point, and The displaced distances D ₁ ′, D ₂ ′, D ₃ ′, ... D _n-1 ', and the displacements d ₁ , d ₂ , d ₃ , ... d _n .

Further, the laser receiving target position is perpendicular to the plane where the monitoring point is located, and the horizontal direction of the laser receiving target position is defined as the x-axis, and the vertical direction is the y-axis, then the measured x-axis coordinate is the displacement d of the monitoring point ₁ , d ₂ , d ₃ , ... d _n , the y-axis coordinate is the settlement of the monitoring point.

Further, the laser receiving target is made of frosted material to eliminate or reduce the halo of the receiving spot.

Further, the initial distances DD ₁ , D ₂ , D ₃ , ... D _n-1 and the displaced distances D ₁ ′, D ₂ ′, D ₃ ′, ... D _n-1 ' is measured by using the distance measuring function of the laser emitting device.

Further, the coordinates of each monitoring point in the initial state are measured by a total station.

Further, the displacement of the monitoring base point is measured by combining the initial coordinates of the previous monitoring point with formula (1).

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein, and should not be regarded as excluding other embodiments, but can be used in various other combinations, modifications and environments, and Modifications can be made within the scope of the ideas described herein, by virtue of the above teachings or skill or knowledge in the relevant art. However, changes and changes made by those skilled in the art do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and should all be within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A micro-deformation laser alignment measurement method, characterized in that, the method steps are as follows: Step 1): In the initial state, each monitoring point is A ₁ , A ₂ , A ₃ , ... A _n in turn, and the initial coordinates of each monitoring point in the initial state measured by the total station are expressed as A _i = (x _i ,y _i ), i=1～n; Step 2): Use the coordinates of each monitoring point measured in step 1) to calculate the initial distance between the monitoring points as D ₁ , D ₂ , D ₃ , ... D _n-1 and the coordinate azimuth angle as α ₁ , α ₂ , α ₃ , . . . α _n-1 ; Step 3): Define each monitoring point A ₁ ', A ₂ ', A ₃ ', ... A _n ' after the displacement, and the linear distance between the adjacent monitoring points after the displacement is measured as D ₁ ', D ₂ ', D ₃ ', ... D _n-1 '; Step 4): Regularly measure the displacement of each monitoring point compared with the last monitoring point, and record them as d ₁ , d ₂ , d ₃ , ... d _n in turn, then there are coordinates and azimuths of each monitoring point after displacement The angle changes are Δα ₁ , Δα ₂ , Δα ₃ , . . . Δα _n-1 , where,

where constant

Step 5): Calculate D ₁ ', D ₂ ', D ₃ ', ... D _n-1 ' and coordinate azimuth variation Δα ₁ ', Δα ₂ ', Δα ₃ ', ... ..Δα _n-1 ', then: α' _n-1 = α _n-1 + Δα _n-1 ; Step 6): Take the initial coordinates of any monitoring point as the monitoring base point, measure the displacement coordinates of its adjacent monitoring points, and measure the displacement coordinates of the next monitoring point based on the calculated displacement coordinates of the monitoring point, then: Monitoring point A _n = (x _n , y _n ) is the monitoring base point, then the coordinates of A _n+1 ' are:

Then, the coordinates of A _n+2 ' are:

Step 7): Comparing the displaced coordinates of each monitoring point with the corresponding initial coordinates to obtain the displacement of each monitoring coordinate; Each of the monitoring points is equipped with a laser emitting device and a laser receiving target for measuring the initial distance D ₁ , D ₂ , D ₃ , ... D _n-1 between each monitoring point, and the displaced Linear spacing D ₁ ', D ₂ ', D ₃ ', ... D _n-1 ', and displacement d ₁ , d ₂ , d ₃ , ... d _n ; The laser receiving target is made of frosted material to eliminate or reduce the halo of the receiving spot. 2. A method for measuring micro-deformation laser alignment according to claim 1, wherein the laser receiving target is perpendicular to the plane where the monitoring point is located, and the horizontal direction of the laser receiving target is defined as the x-axis, and the vertical direction is the y-axis, the measured x-axis coordinates are the displacements d ₁ , d ₂ , d ₃ , ... d _n of the monitoring point, and the y-axis coordinates are the settlement of the monitoring point. 3. A kind of micro-deformation laser alignment measurement method according to claim 2, characterized in that, the initial spacing D ₁ , D ₂ , D ₃ , ... D _n-1 and the displaced The straight _- line distances D ₁ ′, D ₂ ′, D ₃ ′, . 4. A method for measuring micro-deformation laser alignment according to claim 3, wherein the coordinates of each monitoring point in the initial state are obtained by measuring with a total station. 5. A method for measuring micro-deformation laser alignment according to claim 4, wherein the displacement of the monitoring base point is measured by combining the initial coordinates of the previous monitoring point with formula (1).

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