CN112957115A - 万向膨胀锁定螺钉钢板系统 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及医疗器械领域,具体涉及一种万向膨胀锁定螺钉钢板系统,包括钢板、螺钉组件和改锥组件,改锥组件用于把螺钉组件拧入到钢板和骨头内,固定钢板和骨头;所述钢板上设置有通孔,通孔内壁设置有交错的纹路;所述螺钉组件包括外螺钉和内螺钉,所述外螺钉包括圆柱形的螺钉头和球面形的球形帽,球形帽的球面上设置有交错的纹路,螺钉头和球形帽一体成型,并贯穿有锥形孔,锥形孔内设置有螺纹。本发明设计万向膨胀锁定螺钉钢板系统,能提高螺钉钢板系统固定的灵活性和牢固性,为临床提供更为科学的依据。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械领域,具体涉及一种万向膨胀锁定螺钉钢板系统。
背景技术
锁定钢板螺钉系统,由锁定钢板和锁定螺钉组成。其最早在20年前使用于脊柱外科和颌面外科,稳定骨折的同时减少软组织的广泛剥离和损伤。
锁定钢板,是一种带有螺纹孔的骨折固定装置,这些孔在带有螺纹头的锁定螺钉拧入后,钢板就成为一种(螺钉)角度固定装置。钢板的固定是不依靠骨摩擦力来实现连接,而是完全依靠钢板自身的交锁结构来实现。钢板与骨头表面可以留有一定间隙,消除了钢板与骨重压接触的不良作用,极大改善了血运和骨膜的生长和恢复。与传统钢板的主要生物力学差异是后者依赖于骨-钢板界面的摩擦力来完成钢板对骨的加压。
锁定螺钉为自攻螺钉,可以不用攻丝或骨钻;钢板与骨皮质间无加压力,对骨膜不产生压力,从而保护骨膜的血运;在手术技术上可以满足微创操作的要求,可以很好地保护骨折局部的血运,进而不需要植骨操作;内固定支架弹性固定,在载荷存在的情况下,骨折块间有应力刺激,这种刺激有利于骨痂形成,有利于骨折愈合。
但其也存在很多局限性,由于锁定孔螺纹方向的限制,锁定螺钉固定角度固定或在一个很有限的范围内调整。很难利用锁定钢板来对钢板进行充分复位。尤其是只有锁定孔的特殊钢板,在钢板固定以前必须对先将骨折端复位。一旦锁定螺钉透过钢板打入骨端,此骨端就不能通过打入另外螺钉或使用加压装置等方式来调整位置。为避免骨折复位不良,螺钉的放置顺序至关重要。手术医师还需要一系列复位技术,诸如:无手牵引、股骨牵引器、经皮骨钳等,来辅助锁定钢板的固定。尽管锁定钢板技术先进、价格昂贵,但其并不能用于改善复位、因而也不能促进复位不良的骨折愈合。例如,如果骨折最终的固定过于坚固,特别是在使用桥接技术时,有可能发生骨不愈合。
另外,针对骨质疏松的患者,既往螺钉直径一致,其抗拔出力还是有限,容易出现螺钉松动等情况发生。
发明内容
为解决现有技术存在的不足,本发明提供了一种万向膨胀锁定螺钉钢板系统。
本发明的技术方案为:
一种万向膨胀锁定螺钉钢板系统,包括钢板、螺钉组件和改锥组件,改锥组件用于把螺钉组件拧入到钢板和骨头内,固定钢板和骨头;所述钢板上设置有通孔,通孔内壁设置有交错的纹路;所述螺钉组件包括外螺钉和内螺钉,所述外螺钉包括圆柱形的螺钉头和球面形的球形帽,球形帽的球面上设置有交错的纹路,螺钉头和球形帽一体成型,并贯穿有锥形孔,锥形孔内设置有螺纹;锥形孔从螺纹冒到螺钉头处的直径逐渐减小;从球形帽到螺钉头开设有若干条未完全断开纹和一条完全断开纹,未完全断开纹终止于螺钉头底部并不贯穿螺钉头底部,完全断开纹完全断开球形帽和螺钉头;所述球形帽的球面上部截处平面,并在平面上设置有相隔九十度的外螺钉凹槽;所述内螺钉为圆柱形的螺柱,螺柱的螺纹与锥形孔内的螺纹相配合,螺柱的头部设置有内螺钉凹槽;所述改锥组件包括外改锥和内改锥,外改锥为空心圆柱形,一端设置有相隔九十度的矩形凸起,矩形凸起与外螺钉凹槽相配合,另一端设置有把手;内改锥从外改锥空心圆柱形内穿过与内螺钉凹槽配合将内螺钉拧入外螺钉内。
进一步的,所述内螺钉凹槽为十字形,与之配合的内改锥为十字形改锥。
进一步的,所述内螺钉凹槽为内六角形,与之配合的内改锥为内六角形改锥。
本发明所达到的有益效果为:
本发明设计的万向膨胀锁定螺钉钢板系统,球形帽的表面设置交错的纹路,钢板的通孔内也设置有交错的纹路,球形帽可任意角度与通孔配合固定。
本发明设计的万向膨胀锁定螺钉钢板系统,外螺钉的内腔设置为锥形结构,内螺钉拧入后,呈现一端膨胀的较大,另一端膨胀较小,能够牢固的锁定骨头和钢板。
本发明设计的万向膨胀锁定螺钉钢板系统,设置外改锥和内改锥,外改锥将外螺钉拧入后把持住外螺钉,内改锥拧入内螺钉撑开外螺钉使外螺钉紧紧连接固定和钢板,外改锥的把持作用可防止外螺钉松动或者过度拧入。
本发明设计万向膨胀锁定螺钉钢板系统,能提高螺钉钢板系统固定的灵活性和牢固性,为临床提供更为科学的依据。
附图说明
图1为一种万向膨胀锁定螺钉钢板系统结构爆炸图1;
图2为一种万向膨胀锁定螺钉钢板系统结构爆炸图2;
图3为骨头内倾斜的预钻孔与钢板上的通孔不同轴线的组合立体图;
图4为骨头内的预钻孔与钢板上的通孔同轴线的组合立体图;
图5为一种万向膨胀锁定螺钉钢板系统的外螺钉立体结构图;
图6为一种万向膨胀锁定螺钉钢板系统的外螺钉的剖面图;
图7为一种万向膨胀锁定螺钉钢板系统的外改锥立体结构图;
图8为一种万向膨胀锁定螺钉钢板系统的内螺钉立体结构图;
其中:1、钢板;11、通孔;2、外螺钉;21、螺钉头;22、球形帽;23、未完全断开纹;24、完全断开纹;25、外螺钉凹槽;26、锥形孔;3、内螺钉;4、外改锥;5、内改锥。
具体实施方式
为便于本领域的技术人员理解本发明,下面结合附图说明本发明的具体实施方式。
如图1~8所示,一种万向膨胀锁定螺钉钢板系统,包括钢板1、螺钉组件和改锥组件,改锥组件用于把螺钉组件拧入到钢板1和骨头内,固定钢板1和骨头;所述钢板1上设置有通孔11,通孔11内壁设置有交错的纹路;所述螺钉组件包括外螺钉2和内螺钉3,所述外螺钉2包括圆柱形的螺钉头21和球面形的球形帽22,球形帽22的球面上设置有交错的纹路,螺钉头21和球形帽22一体成型,并贯穿有锥形孔26,锥形孔26内设置有螺纹;锥形孔26从螺纹冒到螺钉头21处的直径逐渐减小;从球形帽22到螺钉头21开设有若干条未完全断开纹23和一条完全断开纹24,未完全断开纹23终止于螺钉头21底部并不贯穿螺钉头21底部,完全断开纹24完全断开球形帽22和螺钉头21;所述球形帽22的球面上部截处平面,并在平面上设置有相隔九十度的外螺钉凹槽25;所述内螺钉3为圆柱形的螺柱,螺柱的螺纹与锥形孔26内的螺纹相配合,螺柱的头部设置有内螺钉3凹槽;所述改锥组件包括外改锥4和内改锥5,外改锥4为空心圆柱形,一端设置有相隔九十度的矩形凸起,矩形凸起与外螺钉凹槽25相配合,另一端设置有把手;内改锥5从外改锥4空心圆柱形内穿过与内螺钉3凹槽配合将内螺钉3拧入外螺钉2内。当内螺钉3凹槽为十字形,与之配合的内改锥5为十字形改锥。当内螺钉3凹槽为内六角形,与之配合的内改锥5为内六角形改锥。
外改锥4将外螺钉2进入骨头和钢板1内,然后外改锥4把持外螺钉2,防止外螺钉2旋转,内改锥5将内螺钉3拧入外改锥4内,由于外改锥4内为锥形孔26,因此拧入后会呈现螺钉头21的一端粗,另一端细的状态,球形帽22与钢板1的通孔11内的纹路咬合配合紧密,将骨头和钢板1固定。如图3,当骨头内的预钻孔倾斜与钢板1上的通孔11不同轴线时,球形帽22是球形结构,可在一定范围内倾斜固定在钢板1上的通孔11上;如图4,当骨头内的预钻孔倾斜与钢板1上的通孔11同轴线时,直接拧入固定即可。
以上所述的本发明实施方式,并不构成对本发明保护范围的限定。任何在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的权利要求保护范围之内。
Claims (3)
1.一种万向膨胀锁定螺钉钢板系统,其特征在于:包括钢板(1)、螺钉组件和改锥组件,改锥组件用于把螺钉组件拧入到钢板(1)和骨头内,固定钢板(1)和骨头;所述钢板(1)上设置有通孔(11),通孔(11)内壁设置有交错的纹路;所述螺钉组件包括外螺钉(2)和内螺钉(3),所述外螺钉(2)包括圆柱形的螺钉头(21)和球面形的球形帽(22),球形帽(22)的球面上设置有交错的纹路,螺钉头(21)和球形帽(22)一体成型,并贯穿有锥形孔(26),锥形孔(26)内设置有螺纹;锥形孔(26)从螺纹冒到螺钉头(21)处的直径逐渐减小;从球形帽(22)到螺钉头(21)开设有若干条未完全断开纹(23)和一条完全断开纹(24),未完全断开纹(23)终止于螺钉头(21)底部并不贯穿螺钉头(21)底部,完全断开纹(24)完全断开球形帽(22)和螺钉头(21);所述球形帽(22)的球面上部截处平面,并在平面上设置有相隔九十度的外螺钉凹槽(25);所述内螺钉(3)为圆柱形的螺柱,螺柱的螺纹与锥形孔(26)内的螺纹相配合,螺柱的头部设置有内螺钉(3)凹槽;所述改锥组件包括外改锥(4)和内改锥(5),外改锥(4)为空心圆柱形,一端设置有相隔九十度的矩形凸起,矩形凸起与外螺钉凹槽(25)相配合,另一端设置有把手;内改锥(5)从外改锥(4)空心圆柱形内穿过与内螺钉(3)凹槽配合将内螺钉(3)拧入外螺钉(2)内。
2.根据权利要求1所述的万向膨胀锁定螺钉钢板系统,其特征在于:所述内螺钉(3)凹槽为十字形,与之配合的内改锥(5)为十字形改锥。
3.根据权利要求1所述的万向膨胀锁定螺钉钢板系统,其特征在于:所述内螺钉(3)凹槽为内六角形,与之配合的内改锥(5)为内六角形改锥。
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Cited By (2)
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CN114259288A (zh) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-01 | 孙秀钦 | 一种股骨颈骨折内撑式固定装置 |
CN114259288B (zh) * | 2021-12-30 | 2024-04-16 | 孙秀钦 | 一种股骨颈骨折内撑式固定装置 |
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