CN112945285A - System and method for fusing phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer and Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer - Google Patents
System and method for fusing phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer and Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer Download PDFInfo
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- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for fusing a phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer and a Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the light source module generates an optical signal, the optical signal is preprocessed by the signal preprocessing module to generate excitation light and local oscillator light, the excitation light is input to the optical branching module, the local oscillator light is input to the spectrum separation module, and the excitation light output by the optical branching module is transmitted to the detection light path returned by the sensing optical fiber and is injected into the spectrum separation module; the spectrum separation module is used for carrying out coherence on the output detection light and the local oscillator light, and obtaining a phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer detection signal and a Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer detection signal through photoelectric detection and spectrum separation and inputting the signals to the sensing detection signal processing module; and the sensing detection signal processing module is used for respectively carrying out data analysis on the phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer detection signal and the Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer detection signal to obtain a sensing detection result. The same excitation light and the same sensing optical fiber are adopted to realize the simultaneous distributed sensing of double mechanisms.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of distributed optical fiber sensing, and particularly relates to a system and a method for fusing a phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer and a Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer.
Background
Distributed fiber optic sensors DOFS [ Rogers A.J., "Distributed Optical-fiber Sensing: A Review", Journal Of Measurement Science and Technology,1999,10(8), pp.75-99 ] have not only the advantages Of a general light sensor: the optical fiber has the advantages of no radiation interference, electromagnetic interference resistance, good chemical stability and the like, fully utilizes the sensing and sensing capabilities of the optical fiber, can simultaneously obtain the distribution information of a measured field in time and a one-dimensional space along the optical fiber, and has the application characteristics which can not be replaced by a common sensor.
The general mechanism of distributed optical fiber sensing is based on linear/nonlinear scattering or interaction of light waves in optical fibers, and mainly includes: rayleigh (Rayleigh) scattering DOFS [ Haijun He, Lianshan Yan, Heng Qian, Xinpu Zhang, Bin Luo, and Wei Pan, "Enhanced range of the dynamic strain measurement in phase-induced OTDR with structured sensitivity ], Optics Express, Vol.28, No.1,6January 2020, pp.226-237 ], Brillouin (Brillouin) scattering DOFS [ Deweg Meng and Farhad Ansari," Interference and differentiation of the neighboring scattering in distributed sensing with PPP-BOTDA ], Applied Optics, Vol.55, 34, p.9782, Deumber 12016 ], Raman scattering optical fiber (DOFS), and the like. The fully distributed optical fiber sensors with different mechanisms have respective technical characteristics and appropriate sensing parameters (temperature, strain, vibration and the like), and the fully distributed optical fiber sensor with a single fixed mechanism is difficult to realize the comprehensive and effective detection of a large-scale system, so that a distributed optical fiber sensing structure with multi-mechanism fusion needs to be realized.
The system can be fused aiming at the same or different excitation light and detection light of distributed optical fiber sensors with different mechanisms, for example, a phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer and a Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer are both carried out by scattering pulsed light on a sensing optical fiber, but the phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer detects Rayleigh scattered light, the Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer detects Brillouin scattered light, and for a common single-mode optical fiber, the Brillouin frequency shift difference of about 11GHz exists between the two scattered light.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a system and a method for integrating a phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer and a brillouin optical time domain reflectometer, which employ the same path of sensing excitation light and the same sensing optical fiber, and separate rayleigh scattering light and brillouin scattering light based on the dual-mechanism of the phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer and the brillouin optical time domain reflectometer, thereby implementing dual-mechanism simultaneous distributed sensing.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a system for fusing a phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer and a Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer comprises a light source module, a signal preprocessing module, an optical branching module, a frequency spectrum separation module and a sensing detection signal processing module;
the light source module generates an optical signal, the optical signal is preprocessed by the signal preprocessing module to generate excitation light and local oscillator light, the excitation light is input to the optical branching module, the local oscillator light is input to the spectrum separation module, the excitation light output by the optical branching module is transmitted to the sensing optical fiber, and returned detection light is injected into the spectrum separation module;
the spectrum separation module is used for carrying out coherence on input detection light and local oscillator light, obtaining a phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer detection signal and a Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer detection signal through photoelectric detection and spectrum separation, and inputting the phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer detection signal and the Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer detection signal to the sensing detection signal processing module;
and the sensing detection signal processing module is used for respectively carrying out data analysis on the input phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer detection signal and the input Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer detection signal to obtain a sensing detection result.
Preferably, the light source module includes a laser and a first coupler, and an optical signal generated by the laser is split into two beams by the first coupler and input to the signal preprocessing module.
Preferably, the signal preprocessing module comprises an excitation light preprocessing module; the excitation light preprocessing module generates excitation light required by sensing after modulating, amplifying and filtering the amplitude, the phase and the frequency of an input optical signal and inputs the excitation light to the optical branching module.
Preferably, the signal preprocessing module includes a local oscillator light preprocessing module; the local oscillator light preprocessing module generates local oscillator light required by coherent detection after phase, frequency and polarization modulation, amplification and filtering processing are carried out on the input optical signal and inputs the local oscillator light to the spectrum separation module.
Preferably, the spectral separation module comprises a second coupler, a photodetector, and a spectral filter; the second coupler is used for carrying out coherence on input local oscillation light and detection light and inputting the coherent oscillation light and the detection light to the photoelectric detector, the photoelectric detector is used for converting the input coherent light into an electric signal and inputting the electric signal to the frequency spectrum filter, and the frequency spectrum filter is used for separating the electric signal into a phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer detection signal and a Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer detection signal according to the frequency difference between Rayleigh scattering light and Brillouin scattering light and inputting the phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer detection signal and the Brillouin optical time.
Preferably, the spectrum filter further performs filtering and amplification processing on the separated phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer detection signal and the separated brillouin optical time domain reflectometer detection signal, and inputs the signals to the sensing detection signal processing module.
Preferably, the sensing detection signal processing module comprises a phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer detection signal processing module; and the phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer detection signal processing module demodulates and processes the input phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer detection signal to obtain a vibration-related sensing detection result.
Preferably, the sensing detection signal processing module comprises a brillouin optical time domain reflectometer detection signal processing module; and the Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer detection signal processing module demodulates and processes the input Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer detection signal to obtain a temperature or strain related sensing detection result.
A distributed optical fiber multi-state sensing method is provided, and the distributed optical fiber multi-state sensing method adopts the system integrating the phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer and the Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer to realize simultaneous sensing of temperature, strain and vibration multi-states.
Because the frequency of Rayleigh scattering light detected by the phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer is the same as that of excitation light, but Brillouin frequency shift difference of about 11GHz exists between the Rallouin scattering light detected by the Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer, the two detection lights can be distinguished by adopting optical coherence detection based on the frequency difference, namely, the phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer and the Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer are simultaneously realized on the same sensing optical fiber under the same path of excitation light signals, and the multi-state simultaneous perception of temperature, strain and vibration is achieved.
The system and the method for fusing the phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer and the Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer adopt the same path of sensing excitation light to simultaneously perform double-mechanism distributed sensing on the same sensing optical fiber, and based on the system and the method, compared with the prior art, the system and the method have the beneficial effects that at least:
1. the double-mechanism distributed sensing of single-path excitation light and single sensing optical fiber is adopted to meet the requirement of multi-state sensing in practical application.
2. The spectrum separation based on the coherent detection is adopted, the sensing detection light and the local oscillator light returned by the sensing optical fiber are subjected to coherent detection, the sensing detection light signals of the phase sensitive optical time domain reflectometer and the Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer with spectrum separation are generated, and the two sensing detection lights which are overlapped in the time domain can be simply separated in the frequency domain.
3. The synchronous signal processing of the phase sensitive optical time domain reflectometer and the Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer is adopted, so that the complete synchronization of the two mechanism sensing is realized, and the synchronous sensing problem of a common double system is avoided.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for integrating a phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer and a brillouin optical time domain reflectometer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a coherent detection and sensing detection signal spectrum separation module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic frequency spectrum diagram of a sensing signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the scope of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for integrating a phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer and a brillouin optical time domain reflectometer according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the system provided in the embodiment includes a laser, a coupler, an excitation optical signal processing module, a local oscillator optical signal processing module, an optical splitter, a coherent detection and sensing detection signal spectrum separation module, a phase-sensitive Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (OTDR) sensing detection signal processing module, and a brillouin Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (OTDR) sensing detection signal processing module.
The laser is the only sensing optical signal source and generates sensing optical signals, and the sensing optical signals are divided into two paths by the coupler; one path of sensing optical signal is modulated by the excitation optical signal processing module to generate pulse sensing excitation light, the pulse sensing excitation light is amplified and filtered to generate sensing excitation light required by the phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer and the Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer, and the sensing excitation light is input into a sensing optical fiber through an optical splitter; the other path of sensing optical signal is modulated by the local oscillator optical signal processing module in phase, frequency and polarization to generate local oscillator light required by coherent detection, and the local oscillator light is input to the coherent detection and sensing detection signal spectrum separation module; the sensing excitation light is input into a coherent detection and sensing detection signal spectrum separation module through an optical splitter, and is subjected to coherent detection with local oscillator light, and then a Rayleigh scattering light detection signal of a phase sensitive optical time domain reflectometer and a Brillouin scattering light detection signal of a Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer are separated according to signal spectrum difference; the sensing signal processing module of the phase sensitive optical time domain reflectometer performs data analysis to obtain a vibration related sensing detection result; and the sensing signal processing module of the Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer performs data analysis to obtain a temperature or strain related sensing detection result. And multi-state simultaneous sensing of temperature, strain and vibration is realized.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a coherent detection and sensing detection signal spectrum separation module according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the coherent detection and sensing detection signal spectrum separation module includes a coupler, a photodetector and a spectrum filter, the coupler combines the sensing detection light and the local oscillator light for coherent detection, and the photoelectric detector generates a sensing detection photoelectric signal; according to the frequency difference of about 11GHz between the Brillouin scattering light and the Rayleigh scattering light, the frequency spectrum filter module separates sensing detection signals of the phase sensitive optical time domain reflectometer and the Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer, and carries out filtering and amplification processing.
The embodiment also provides a distributed optical fiber multi-state sensing method, and the distributed optical fiber multi-state sensing method adopts the system integrating the phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer and the Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer to realize simultaneous sensing of multiple states of temperature, strain and vibration.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the spectral separation of the sensing signal of the present invention. Since there is a frequency difference of about 11GHz between the brillouin scattered light and the rayleigh scattered light, when both are subjected to coherent detection, the frequency difference (fB-fA) of the generated sensing detection signal is also about 11GHz, and therefore both signals are easily separated by a spectral difference.
The system and the method for fusing the phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer and the Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer are characterized in that based on the same path of sensing excitation light and the same sensing optical fiber, sensing detection light returned to the sensing optical fiber and local oscillator light are subjected to coherent detection to generate sensing signals of the phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer and the Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer with frequency spectrum separation, so that simultaneous distributed sensing of double mechanisms is realized, namely, multi-state sensing detection of temperature, strain and vibration is realized; simultaneously overcomes the synchronous detection problem of multi-system sensing
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only the most preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, additions, equivalents, etc. made within the scope of the principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A system for fusing a phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer and a Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer is characterized by comprising a light source module, a signal preprocessing module, an optical branching module, a frequency spectrum separation module and a sensing detection signal processing module;
the light source module generates an optical signal, the optical signal is preprocessed by the signal preprocessing module to generate excitation light and local oscillator light, the excitation light is input to the optical branching module, the local oscillator light is input to the spectrum separation module, the excitation light output by the optical branching module is transmitted to the sensing optical fiber, and returned detection light is injected into the spectrum separation module;
after the spectrum separation module is used for carrying out coherence on input detection light and local oscillator light, photoelectric detection and spectrum separation are carried out to obtain a phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer detection signal and a Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer detection signal, and the phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer detection signal and the Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer detection signal are input to a sensing detection signal processing module;
and the sensing detection signal processing module is used for respectively carrying out data analysis on the input phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer detection signal and the input Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer detection signal to obtain a sensing detection result.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the optical source module comprises a laser and a first coupler, and an optical signal generated by the laser is split into two beams by the first coupler and input to the signal preprocessing module.
3. The system of integrating a phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer and a brillouin optical time domain reflectometer as in claim 1, wherein the signal preprocessing module comprises an excitation light preprocessing module;
the excitation light preprocessing module generates excitation light required by sensing after sequentially carrying out amplitude, phase and frequency modulation, amplification and filtering on an input optical signal and inputs the excitation light to the optical branching module.
4. The system of integrating a phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer and a brillouin optical time domain reflectometer as in claim 1, wherein the signal preprocessing module comprises a local oscillator light preprocessing module;
the local oscillator light preprocessing module generates local oscillator light required by coherent detection after phase, frequency and polarization modulation, amplification and filtering processing are carried out on the input optical signal and inputs the local oscillator light to the spectrum separation module.
5. The system of fusing a phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer and a brillouin optical time domain reflectometer of claim 1, wherein the spectral separation module comprises a second coupler, a photodetector and a spectral filter;
the second coupler is used for carrying out coherence on input local oscillation light and detection light and inputting the coherent oscillation light and the detection light to the photoelectric detector, the photoelectric detector is used for converting the input coherent light into an electric signal and inputting the electric signal to the frequency spectrum filter, and the frequency spectrum filter is used for separating the electric signal into a phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer detection signal and a Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer detection signal according to the frequency difference between Rayleigh scattering light and Brillouin scattering light and inputting the phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer detection signal and the Brillouin optical time.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the spectral filter further filters and amplifies the separated phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer detection signal and the separated brillouin optical time domain reflectometer detection signal, and inputs the filtered and amplified signals to the sensing detection signal processing module.
7. The system integrating a phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer and a brillouin optical time domain reflectometer as in claim 1, 5 or 6, wherein the sensing detection signal processing module comprises a phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer detection signal processing module;
and the phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer detection signal processing module demodulates and processes the input phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer detection signal to obtain a vibration-related sensing detection result.
8. The system for merging a phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer and a brillouin optical time domain reflectometer according to claim 1, 5 or 6, wherein the sensing detection signal processing module comprises a brillouin optical time domain reflectometer detection signal processing module;
and the Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer detection signal processing module demodulates and processes the input Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer detection signal to obtain a temperature or strain related sensing detection result.
9. A distributed optical fiber multi-state sensing method is characterized in that the distributed optical fiber multi-state sensing method adopts the system which integrates the phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer and the Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer according to any one of claims 1 to 8 to realize simultaneous sensing of multiple states of temperature, strain and vibration.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115371716A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2022-11-22 | 杭州水务数智科技股份有限公司 | Distributed optical fiber sensor multi-signal detection method |
| CN115507817A (en) * | 2022-11-22 | 2022-12-23 | 杭州水务数智科技股份有限公司 | Underground pipe gallery duct piece settlement detection method based on distributed optical fiber sensor |
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| CN111486881A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-08-04 | 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 | Distributed optical fiber multi-parameter sensing device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111486881A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-08-04 | 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 | Distributed optical fiber multi-parameter sensing device |
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| CN115371716A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2022-11-22 | 杭州水务数智科技股份有限公司 | Distributed optical fiber sensor multi-signal detection method |
| CN115371716B (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-02-14 | 杭州水务数智科技股份有限公司 | Distributed optical fiber sensor multi-signal detection method |
| CN115507817A (en) * | 2022-11-22 | 2022-12-23 | 杭州水务数智科技股份有限公司 | Underground pipe gallery duct piece settlement detection method based on distributed optical fiber sensor |
| CN116576920A (en) * | 2023-06-21 | 2023-08-11 | 国网山西省电力公司太原供电公司 | Cable vibration and strain monitoring device and method |
| CN116698096A (en) * | 2023-06-26 | 2023-09-05 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司南京供电分公司 | Optical fiber sensing method based on dual-wavelength light source |
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Application publication date: 20210611 |