CN112931503B - Adult athyrium bicolor attractant - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of biological control of field pests, and discloses a diabrotica palmifolia adult attractant, the active components of which are formed by host plant volatile matters of diabrotica palmifolia, wherein the host plant volatile matters comprise 1-heptene, bergamotene, trans-2-hexenal, alpha-farnesene, trans-2-hexen-1-ol, leaf alcohol, alpha-phellandrene, beta-pinene and nerolidol; the adult Dactylophora bipolaris attractant has reasonable proportion and obvious attracting effect, has the advantages of greenness, safety, effectiveness, long lasting period and the like, has important significance for protecting field crops such as cotton, corn and the like damaged by Dactylophora bipolaris, and can be widely applied to practically produced farmlands and urban green belts.

Description

A double-spotted tarsus leaf beetle adult attractant

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of biological control of field pests, relates to the method of trapping field pests by combining semiochemicals with traps, and in particular relates to an adult attractant for the double-spotted tarsus beetle.

Background technique

Monolepta hieroglyphica (Motschulsky) belongs to Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, subfamily Galerucinae, alias double-spotted firefly beetle, is a kind of main damage cotton, corn and some cruciferous vegetables and other varieties It is a worldwide pest of crops, mainly distributed in Russia (Siberia), North Korea, Japan, India, the Philippines and other countries and regions, and is distributed in most parts of my country.

The way of harm is mainly to eat the epidermis and mesophyll of the upper leaves with the chewing mouthparts of the adults to form mosaic leaves. When the damage is serious, it will cause nicks and holes in the leaves, which will seriously affect the photosynthesis of the leaves, which will lead to the deterioration of the nutrition of cotton and other crops, hinder their growth and development, and have a serious impact on the yield and quality of cotton and other crops.

In recent years, this pest has a trend of increasing damage to cotton and other crops in Xinjiang, China, and has gradually become the main pest of cotton and other crops in some regions. At present, the use of chemical agents is still the main way to control the leaf beetle, but the long-term use of chemical agents has made the leaf beetle resistant to drugs, and the double-spotted firefly beetle has strong adaptability to the environment, and the adults have migratory properties, which often causes The effect of pesticides is greatly reduced, and it is very easy to pollute the environment. Therefore, relying on chemical pesticides to prevent and control this pest has become impossible to control. In order to reduce the use of pesticides, in response to the national call for "weight loss and reducing drugs", it is an urgent problem to find green, safe and effective control methods.

Plant volatiles are a kind of semiochemical substances released by plants. Insects mainly perceive the external volatile semiochemical substances through their sense of smell, so as to make corresponding behavioral responses. Plant-derived volatile semiochemicals can change the behavior of insects and play an important role in insects' search for food, mates and hosts. Using these volatile information substances can attract, avoid and gather insects and so on. For example, geraniol and α-pinene have a strong attracting effect on the two-spotted firefly beetle, and peppermint essential oil and turpentine have the avoidance effect on the two-spotted firefly beetle; α-pinene affects the adult beetle. Appropriate host plants need to be found; myrcene, limonene, phellandrene, and linalyl acetate have an attractive effect on Z. effect. Host plants can stimulate and affect the behavioral responses of insects by increasing or decreasing volatiles. These plant volatile semiochemicals have the characteristics of high sensitivity and specificity, and are non-toxic, non-polluting to the environment, and do not kill natural enemies and pests. The advantages of not producing resistance, its application can reduce the environmental pollution caused by the extensive use of chemical pesticides, the resistance of pests, the killing of natural enemies, the outbreak of secondary pests and the re-emergence of pests, thereby maintaining the balance of the ecosystem and promoting agriculture. sustainable development. The production of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes from fruit trees can attract Oecophylla longinoda (Latreille) for biological control; α-pinene has a significant attracting effect on Ambrostoma quadriimpressum, Numerous studies have shown that herbivorous insects can recognize host volatile compounds, and the volatiles released by the host provide olfactory signals for their host selection. For example, a method of using volatile attractant to control and monitor tea inchworm with the authorization announcement number of CN105145515B, the use of plant volatile semiochemical substances has played a very important role in production control and comprehensive pest management.

So far, great progress has been made in the research and application of plant volatile semiochemicals, but the use of active chemical components to develop attractants for the control of T. The tarsus beetle damages commercial crops, causing large-scale yield reduction and quality and quality decline. Therefore, in order to effectively prevent and control the damage of this pest to crops, it is necessary to screen and verify the field attractants of the adult P.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aiming at the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide an adult attractant for the double-spotted firefly beetle. The advantages are of great significance for the protection of field crops such as cotton and corn that are harmed by the beetle, and can be widely used in actual production farmland and urban green belts.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A double-spotted long tarsus leaf beetle adult attractant, the active component of which is composed of host plant volatiles of the leaf beetle, and the host plant volatiles include 1-heptene, citronene, trans-2-hexenal, Alpha-farnesene, trans-2-hexen-1-ol, leaf alcohol, alpha-phellandrene, beta-pinene, nerolidol.

Dozens of volatiles released by the host plants of P. tarsiris have been identified, but only 9 of them (i.e., including 1-heptene, citronene, trans-2-hexenal, α-methan Nesene, trans-2-hexen-1-ol, leaf alcohol, α-phellandrene, β-pinene, nerolidol) had better antennal potential activity on adults of P. Using these volatiles, a total of 26 attractant formulations were prepared by adjusting the specific ratio of each substance. The EAG and Y-type olfactometer were used to screen out 2 alkene volatiles, 2 alcohol volatiles, and 1 terpenoid. Six kinds of volatiles, including volatiles and one aldehyde volatile, have behavioral activity on the adults of T. tarsifolia, and then a subtractive method was used to screen out an effective formula composed of three volatiles. The formula It has a significant attracting effect on adults of the double-spotted firefly beetle.

Among them, the purity of 1-heptene is 98%, the purity of citronene is 97%, the purity of trans-2-hexenal is 98%, the purity of α-farnesene is 98%, and the purity of trans-2-hexene is 98%. The purity of -1-ol was 98%, the purity of leaf alcohol was 98%, the purity of α-phellandrene was 98%, the purity of β-pinene was 98%, and the purity of nerolidol was 98%.

Preferably, its active components consist of two or three of the host plant volatiles.

Preferably, the active component is composed of host plant volatiles including 0.5 part of 1-heptene, 1.5 part of citronene and 0.5 part of trans-2-hexenal according to the volume parts.

Preferably, the active component is composed of host plant volatiles including 1.5 parts of α-farnesene, 0.5 part of leaf alcohol and 0.5 part of trans-2-hexen-1-ol according to the volume parts.

Preferably, the active component is composed of host plant volatiles including 0.5 part of α-phellandrene, 0.5 part of β-pinene and 1.5 part of nerolidol according to the volume parts.

As preferred, 1-heptene, citronene, trans-2-hexenal, α-farnesene, trans-2-hexen-1-ol, leaf alcohol, α-phellandrene, β-pinene The concentration of nerolidol is 0.001 μL/mL to 100 μL/mL, and the solvent is paraffin oil.

Preferably, the preparation method is to mix the selected host plant volatiles according to a specific volume ratio, and then add paraffin oil to make the preparation.

Preferably, after the preparation is completed, it needs to be sealed with a sample bottle of the corresponding capacity, and stored in a 4°C refrigerator for future use.

Preferably, during use, the attractant is added to the lure core of the trap, and the slow-release carrier of the lure core is a polyethylene slow-release vial.

Preferably, the dose of the attractant added to the lure is generally 1 mL.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The adult attractant of the double-spotted firefly beetle of the invention has the advantages of reasonable proportion, obvious attracting effect, green, high efficiency, environmental protection, safety, long lasting effect, etc. A variety of crops such as cotton, corn and some cruciferous vegetables are of great significance and can be used in actual production farmland and urban green belts.

This is the first time that a preliminary attractant product can be successfully developed using active chemical ingredients for the control of Pseudomonas tarsus, which fills the gap at home and abroad and provides new ideas and technical approaches for the use of natural active substances to control this pest.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the double-spotted firefly beetle.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the novel moth trap.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the slow-release lure in the trap.

Fig. 4 is a top view of the trap placed state.

Detailed ways

The following examples illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

In this embodiment, 1-heptene, trans-2-hexenal, trans-2-hexen-1-ol, leaf alcohol, α-phellandrene, β-pinene, nerolidol, all can be Directly purchased from Beijing Coupling Technology Co., Ltd., α-farnesene can be directly purchased from TRC, and citronene can be directly purchased from Sigma-Aldrich.

Example 1

(1) Preparation of attractant (volume parts)

Take 0.5 part of 1-heptene, 1.5 part of citronene and 0.5 part of trans-2-hexenal and then mix them uniformly;

(2) with polyethylene slow-release bottle as slow-release carrier, and paraffin oil as solvent, carry out constant volume to obtain double-spotted long tarsus leaf beetle adult attractant lure core;

(3) The new moth trap is used as the trap, which can be directly purchased from Beijing Zhongjie Sifang Biotechnology Co., Ltd. When the trap is placed in the field, insert the end with the support tip into the soil, and adjust it according to the crop. The height of the trap, in the cotton field, is placed according to the height of the cotton plant. Generally, the bottom of the cone is about 0.55m away from the ground, so that the bottom of the trap is placed above the plant, and the slow-release lure of the attractant is fixed with one end of the wire, and the other end. Hang it on the edge of the hole at the upper end of the cone, and adjust the position of the polyethylene slow-release bottle, the bottom of which is about 1cm away from the bottom of the cone;

(4) When using volatile attractants to prevent and control the firefly beetle, the slow-release lure core of the attractant should be replaced once a month, and according to the characteristics of the gathering and distribution of the two-spot firefly beetle in the field, according to the occurrence of damage in the field prevent and control the situation;

(5) When the attractant slow-release lure core is used in conjunction with the trap, it is randomly arranged in a grid pattern in the field with a spacing of 15m, and the insect collector is investigated and cleaned every 2 days.

Example 2:

(1) Preparation of attractant (volume parts)

Take 1.5 parts of α-farnesene, 0.5 part of leaf alcohol and 0.5 part of trans-2-hexen-1-ol and mix them uniformly;

(2) with polyethylene slow-release bottle as slow-release carrier, and paraffin oil as solvent, carry out constant volume to obtain double-spotted long tarsus leaf beetle adult attractant lure core;

(3) The sticky insect board is used as the trap, which can be directly purchased from Beijing Zhongjie Sifang Biotechnology Co., Ltd. When the trap is placed in the field, the slow-release attractant core and one end of the support rod are fixed with iron wire. Insert the other end of the support rod into the soil, adjust the height of the trap according to the crop, in the cotton field, place it according to the height of the cotton plant, generally the sticky board is about 0.55m away from the ground, so that the bottom end of the sticky board is placed above the plant, adjust The position of the polyethylene slow-release bottle, the top of which is about 1cm away from the upper end of the armyworm board;

(4) When using volatile attractants to prevent and control the firefly beetle, the slow-release lure core of the attractant should be replaced once a month, and according to the characteristics of the gathering and distribution of the two-spot firefly beetle in the field, according to the occurrence of damage in the field prevent and control the situation;

(5) When the attractant slow-release lure core is used in conjunction with the sticky insect board, it is randomly arranged in a grid pattern in the field, with a spacing of 15m, and the insect sticky board is replaced every 2 days.

Example 3:

(1) Preparation of attractant (volume parts)

Take 0.5 part of α-phellandrene, 0.5 part of β-pinene and 1.5 part of nerolidol and mix them evenly;

(2) with polyethylene slow-release bottle as slow-release carrier, and paraffin oil as solvent, carry out constant volume to obtain double-spotted long tarsus leaf beetle adult attractant lure core;

(3) The new moth trap is used in conjunction with the sticky board as a trap. The trap and sticky board can be purchased directly from Beijing Zhongjie Sifang Biotechnology Co., Ltd. When the trap is placed in the field, there will be a Insert one end of the support tip into the soil, fix the attractant slow-release lure core with iron wire at one end, and hang the other end on the edge of the hole at the upper end of the trap cone, adjust the height of the trap according to the crop, and place it according to the height of the cotton plant, generally a trap The height of the bottom end is set at about 0.55m from the ground, the upper part of the cotton plant, and the height of the upper end of the sticky insect board is set at about 0.50m from the ground, which is slightly lower than the trap. position, the bottom of which is about 1cm away from the bottom end of the cone;

(4) When using volatile attractants to prevent and control the firefly beetle, the slow-release lure core of the attractant should be replaced once a month, and according to the characteristics of the gathering and distribution of the two-spot firefly beetle in the field, according to the occurrence of damage in the field prevent and control the situation;

(5) When the slow-release lure of the attractant is used in conjunction with the sticky board, it is randomly arranged in a grid pattern in the field, with a spacing of 15m, and 1 white sticky sheet is placed around each trap in 4 directions at a distance of 1m. Worm boards, survey and replace sticky worm boards every 2 days.

Comparative Example 1: No attractant was added to the lure core, only the new moth trap and sticky board were used as traps. Both the trap and sticky board could be purchased directly from Beijing Zhongjie Sifang Biotechnology Co., Ltd. .

A field trapping test was carried out on the adult attractants prepared in the above examples to observe the attracting effect on Pseudomonas tarsi.

Test site: Shihezi University test site with 120 acres of land;

Specific steps: Add 1 mL of the prepared compound volatile attractant formula to the slow-release vial and tighten the cap (Zhongjie Sifang 16mL slow-release bottle), the smell slowly volatilizes from the bottle wall, and the slow-release bottle containing the attractant is lured into the core. It was fixed under the trap with iron wire (Zhongjie Sifang new moth trap), and the treatment and the control were repeated 3 times each, and the control was liquid paraffin. Set up a white sticky board (Zhongjie Sifang, 23×19cm) in 4 directions around each trap at a distance of 1m. The height of the bottom of the trap is set at about 0.55m from the ground, and the upper part of the cotton plant , the upper height of the sticky insect board is set at about 0.50m from the ground, and the whole is slightly lower than the trap, in the middle and upper part of the cotton plant. After hanging the lure core, the number of adults and males and females of the two-spotted tarsus beetle was investigated and recorded every 2 days. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

Table 1

As can be seen from Table 1, it is shown that the adult attractants prepared in Examples 1-3 have a good attracting effect for 14 days, and the duration is long; the adult attractants prepared in Example 3 have the best attracting effect within 10 days.

Comparative example 1 (field trapping test results):

Table 2

As can be seen from Table 2, it is shown that the adult attractant prepared in Example 1-3 has a significant attracting effect relative to the control lure core of Comparative Example 1 without attractant; at the same time, the adult attractant prepared in Example 1-3 has a reasonable ratio. , The lure effect is remarkable, and it has the advantages of green, high efficiency, environmental protection, safety, and long lasting effect.

Claims (6)

1. a double-spot long tarsus leaf beetle adult attractant, is characterized in that, its active component is made up of following host plant volatile matter according to volume fraction: 0.5 part of 1-heptene, 1.5 part of citronene and anti- -0.5 part of 2-hexenal; or 1.5 part of α-farnesene, 0.5 part of leaf alcohol and 0.5 part of trans-2-hexen-1-ol; or 0.5 part of α-phellandrene and β-pinene 0.5 part and 1.5 part of nerolidol. 2. a kind of double-spotted long tarsus beetle adult attractant according to claim 1, is characterized in that, 1-heptene, citronene, trans-2-hexenal, α-farnesene, trans- The concentration of -2-hexen-1-ol, leaf alcohol, α-phellandrene, β-pinene, and nerolidol is 0.001 μL/mL~100 μL/mL, and the solvent is paraffin oil. 3. a kind of double-spotted long tarsus leaf beetle adult attractant according to claim 2, is characterized in that, its configuration method is to mix according to specific volume ratio with selected host plant volatile matter, add paraffin oil again. Can be prepared. 4. a kind of adult attractant of the double-spotted firefly beetle according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, need to seal with the injection bottle of corresponding capacity after the preparation is completed, put into 4 ℃ of refrigerators and freeze preservation, standby. 5. a kind of double-spotted long tarsus leaf beetle adult attractant according to claim 2, is characterized in that, when using, attractant adds in the lure core of trap, and the slow-release carrier of lure core is polyethylene slow-release vial. 6. a kind of double-spotted long tarsus leaf beetle adult attractant according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the dosage of the attractant that adds lure core is 1mL.

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