CN112881396A - Seed vitality detection device and method - Google Patents
Seed vitality detection device and method Download PDFInfo
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- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 63
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/02—Germinating apparatus; Determining germination capacity of seeds or the like
- A01C1/025—Testing seeds for determining their viability or germination capacity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N2021/8466—Investigation of vegetal material, e.g. leaves, plants, fruits
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Abstract
本发明提供一种种子活力检测装置及方法，所述种子活力检测装置包括发芽装置、给水装置及图像采集模块；发芽装置包括排种板与吸水层，排种板呈透明状，排种板具有第一表面，第一表面构造有种槽，种槽沿第一方向延伸，吸水层与第一表面贴合；给水装置与吸水层连接；图像采集模块的镜头伸向排种板的第二表面，第二表面与第一表面相对设置，图像采集模块与图像处理模块连接。本发明实现了对待测种子的活力的在线检测，确保了检测效率与准确率。
The invention provides a seed vitality detection device and method. The seed vitality detection device includes a germination device, a water supply device and an image acquisition module; the germination device includes a seed metering plate and a water absorption layer. The seed metering plate is transparent and has a The first surface, the first surface is configured with a seed groove, the seed groove extends along the first direction, the water absorbing layer is attached to the first surface; the water supply device is connected with the water absorbing layer; the lens of the image acquisition module extends to the second surface of the seed metering plate , the second surface is arranged opposite to the first surface, and the image acquisition module is connected with the image processing module. The invention realizes the online detection of the vigor of the seeds to be tested, and ensures the detection efficiency and accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seed vigor, in particular to a seed vigor detection device and method.
Background
The seedling growth measuring method is one of the important measures for detecting the seed vitality, and judges the seed vitality according to the seed growth characteristics such as the seed emergence growth speed, the seedling root length, the sprouting bud length and the like. High-activity seeds generally have fast emergence growth speed, long root length and long bud length, and low-activity seeds are relatively weak in these characteristics. The germination rate of the seeds, the growth rate of the seedlings every day and morphological characteristics are accurately measured, and the method is favorable for accurately evaluating the vitality of the seeds.
When the vitality index is measured in the traditional seedling growth measuring method, the operation process is complex, the efficiency is low, the subjective factor is large, the result consistency among different laboratories is not high, and the repeatability is poor. Because the length measurement of the embryo and the root of the seed is inaccurate, the growth speed can not be quantitatively judged, and only qualitative judgment can be carried out, the new requirements of modern agricultural production on the rapid and accurate detection of multiple batches of seed vigor are difficult to meet, and the wide application and standardized measurement of the seed vigor determination method are difficult to realize.
Although various seed viability detection methods are proposed currently, it is still difficult to accurately detect the viability of the seeds on line. On the one hand, since the seeds need to be sufficiently moisturized when they germinate, in the related art, a germinating paper is used as a water absorbing layer to moisturize the seeds. However, in the germination process, the germination paper is dry and dehydrated, so that the seeds to be detected cannot be ensured to be in an infiltration environment in real time, and the activity detection of the seeds is influenced. On the other hand, in the seed activity detection, the tester often adopts the graduated scale to read the germination parameters of the seeds, the seed germination has randomness, the root and the bud of each seed can not be guaranteed to grow along a straight line, the root and the bud of most seeds can be bent to grow in the space and the root systems of the seeds are intertwined, so that a large amount of manpower and time are consumed to carry out the statistics of the germination parameters of the seeds, the test efficiency is low, and the accuracy of the test result is difficult to ensure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a seed vitality detection device and method, which are used for solving the problem that the vitality of seeds is difficult to be accurately detected on line at present.
The invention provides a seed vigor detection device, comprising: the device comprises a germination device, a water supply device and an image acquisition module; the germination device comprises a seed plate and a water absorption layer, wherein the seed plate is transparent and is provided with a first surface, a seed groove is formed in the first surface, the seed groove extends along a first direction, and the water absorption layer is attached to the first surface; the water supply device is connected with the water absorption layer; the lens of the image acquisition module extends to the second surface of the seed metering plate, the second surface is opposite to the first surface, and the image acquisition module is used for being connected with the image processing module.
According to the seed activity detection device provided by the invention, the two seed plates are arranged, the first surfaces of the two seed plates are oppositely arranged, the water absorption layer is clamped between the two seed plates, and the two seed plates are connected.
According to the seed vigor detection device provided by the invention, the water absorption layer comprises: a first sprouting paper layer, a sponge layer and a second sprouting paper layer; the sponge layer is clamped between the first sprouting paper layer and the second sprouting paper layer; the surface of the first germination paper layer, which is far away from the sponge layer, is attached to the first surface of one of the seed metering plates, and the surface of the second germination paper layer, which is far away from the sponge layer, is attached to the first surface of the other seed metering plate.
According to the seed vigor detection device provided by the invention, the seed grooves comprise a plurality of seed grooves which are sequentially arranged at intervals along the width direction of the seed discharging plate; the first direction is parallel to the length direction of the seed plate.
According to the seed vigor detection device provided by the invention, the water supply device comprises a water tank, clamping grooves are formed in the tank walls on the opposite sides of the water tank, the germination device is inserted into the clamping grooves, and the water absorption layer is used for absorbing water from the water tank.
According to the seed vigor detection device provided by the invention, the water supply device further comprises a water pump and a water supply pipe; the water pump is arranged on the water supply pipe; one end of the water supply pipe is communicated with the water tank, the other end of the water supply pipe is connected with the first end of the water absorption layer, and the second end of the water absorption layer extends to the water tank; the first end is disposed at a height greater than a height at which the second end is disposed.
According to the seed vitality detection device provided by the invention, the other end of the water supply pipe is provided with a spraying section, and the spraying section extends along the width direction of the seed discharging plate; a plurality of spraying openings are formed in the pipe wall of the spraying section, the spraying openings are arranged along the width direction, and the spraying openings are connected with the first end of the water absorbing layer.
According to the seed vigor detection device provided by the invention, the clamping grooves comprise a plurality of clamping grooves which are sequentially arranged at intervals along the second direction of the water tank; and/or the bottom end of the clamping groove is positioned at the upper side of the bottom of the water tank so as to form a height difference between the bottom end of the clamping groove and the bottom of the water tank; the distance between the second end of the water absorption layer and the bottom of the water tank is smaller than the distance between one end of the seed plate close to the water tank and the bottom of the water tank.
According to the seed vigor detection device provided by the invention, the image acquisition module comprises a CCD camera, a lens of the CCD camera faces to the second surface of the seed plate, and the optical axis of the CCD camera is perpendicular to the second surface; the CCD camera is in communication connection with the image processing module.
The invention also provides a detection method of the seed vitality detection device, which comprises the following steps: clamping seeds to be detected between the seed discharging plate and the water absorbing layer, placing the seeds to be detected in a seed groove, ensuring that the ventral surface of the seeds to be detected is attached to the surface of the water absorbing layer, and arranging radicles of the seeds to be detected along a first direction; connecting the water supply device with the water absorption layer; the lens of the image acquisition module extends to the second surface of the seed discharging plate, the image acquisition module is controlled to acquire image information of seeds to be detected, the image processing module processes the image information, and vitality indexes of the seeds to be detected are calculated.
The seed activity detection device and the seed activity detection method provided by the invention have the advantages that the germination device, the water supply device and the image acquisition module are arranged, the seed to be detected is clamped between the seed metering plate and the water absorption layer, the seed groove on the seed metering plate ensures that the root system of the seed to be detected grows along the first direction, air is provided for the seed to be detected, and the water absorption layer provides water required for germination of the seed to be detected, so that the seed to be detected is in a proper germination environment, the root systems of different seeds to be detected cannot be intertwined, the image acquisition module can directly acquire the image information of the seed to be detected, the image processing module processes the image information, and the activity index of the seed to be detected is calculated, so that the online detection of the activity of the seed to be detected is realized, and the detection efficiency and the accuracy are.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings needed for the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a seed viability detecting apparatus according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a second schematic view of the front view structure of the seed vitality detecting apparatus provided by the present invention (without including an image capturing module);
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the germination apparatus of the present invention installed in a water tank;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a germination apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the A-A structure of FIG. 4 according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a detection method based on a seed vigor detection device according to the present invention;
reference numerals:
1: a germination apparatus; 2: a water supply device; 3: an image acquisition module;
4: seeds to be detected; 11: a seed discharging plate; 12: a water-absorbing layer;
110: a seed tank; 120: a first sprout paper layer; 121: a sponge layer;
122: a second germinating paper layer; 21: a water tank; 22: a water pump;
23: a water supply pipe; 210: a card slot; 31: a CCD camera;
32: a camera support; 5: and an image processing module.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A device and a method for detecting the viability of a seed according to the present invention are described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present embodiment provides a seed viability detecting apparatus, including: the device comprises a germination device 1, a water supply device 2 and an image acquisition module 3; the germination device 1 comprises a seed plate 11 and a water absorption layer 12, wherein the seed plate 11 is transparent, the seed plate 11 is provided with a first surface, a seed groove 110 is formed on the first surface, the seed groove 110 extends along a first direction, and the water absorption layer 12 is attached to the first surface; the water supply device 2 is connected with the water absorption layer 12; the lens of the image acquisition module 3 extends to the second surface of the seeding plate 11, the second surface is opposite to the first surface, and the image acquisition module 3 is connected with the image processing module 5.
Specifically, in the embodiment, by providing the germination apparatus 1, the water supply apparatus 2 and the image acquisition module 3, the seed to be detected 4 is clamped between the seed plate 11 and the water absorption layer 12, because the seed groove 110 on the seed plate 11 ensures that the root system of the seed to be detected 4 grows along the first direction, air is provided for the seed to be detected 4, and the water absorption layer 12 provides the required moisture for the germination of the seed to be detected 4, so that the seed to be detected 4 is in a proper germination environment, the root systems of different seeds to be detected 4 cannot be intertwined with each other, the image acquisition module 3 is convenient to directly acquire the image information of the seed to be detected 4, and the image information is processed by the image processing module 5, and the vitality index of the seed to be detected 4 is calculated, thereby realizing the online detection of the vitality of the seed to be detected 4, and ensuring the detection efficiency.
It should be noted that the seeding plate 11 shown in the present embodiment may be made of organic glass, and by designing the seeding plate 11 to be transparent, the image processing module 5 may shoot the seeds 4 to be measured through the seeding plate 11 to obtain the image information of the germination status of the seeds 4 to be measured in the seed tank 110.
Meanwhile, the seed tank 110 shown in the embodiment can be provided with a plurality of seed tanks 110, the growth space of the seeds 4 to be detected for germination is limited by the seed tanks 110 in the embodiment, the seeds 4 to be detected for germination and growth in a plane are realized, meanwhile, the mutual winding between the 4 root systems of the seeds to be detected is avoided, and convenience is provided for later-stage image measurement. Therefore, the present embodiment can effectively combine the image processing technology based on the design of the seed tank 110 to accurately calculate the root bud length of the seed 4 to be measured. Compared with the traditional manual or scale measurement method, the method can measure the length of the root system of the straight root crop which is bent, and can also realize the accurate measurement of the length of the root system of the fiber root crop which is wound by the seeds in a staggered manner.
In addition, the water-absorbing layer 12 shown in the present embodiment may be a structural layer such as sponge, cotton cloth, and germinating paper, which is well known in the art, and has both water-absorbing capacity and certain hydraulic retention capacity so as to provide the required water for germination of the seeds 4 to be measured.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the two seeding plates 11 of the present embodiment are provided, the first surfaces of the two seeding plates 11 are disposed oppositely, the water absorbing layer 12 is clamped between the two seeding plates 11, and the two seeding plates 11 are connected by a bolt locking assembly. Thus, the germination apparatus 1 shown in this embodiment can realize simultaneous germination of the seeds 4 to be measured on both sides based on the two seed plates 11, and increase the number of seeds to be germinated in a single time.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the water-absorbing layer 12 of the present embodiment includes: a first germinating paper layer 120, a sponge layer 121 and a second germinating paper layer 122; the sponge layer 121 is clamped between the first germinating paper layer 120 and the second germinating paper layer 122; the surface of the first sprouting paper layer 120 away from the sponge layer 121 is attached to the first surface of one seed plate 11, and the surface of the second sprouting paper layer 122 away from the sponge layer 121 is attached to the first surface of the other seed plate 11.
It should be noted that, in order to improve the detection efficiency, the seed grooves 110 shown in the present embodiment are provided in plurality and are sequentially spaced in the width direction of the seed plate 11. For each seed groove 110, a first direction of extension thereof is parallel to the lengthwise direction of the seed plate 11. The cross section of the seed groove 110 is rectangular, and the area of the cross section of the seed groove 110 may be set between 1.5mm by 5mm and 2mm by 15 mm.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the water supply device 2 of the present embodiment comprises a water tank 21, a slot 210 is formed on the wall of the water tank 21 on the opposite side, and the germination device 1 is inserted into the slot 210. When water is loaded in the water tank 21 and the second end of the water absorption layer 12 is soaked below the water level line, the water absorption layer 12 can directly absorb water from the water tank 21 due to capillary phenomenon, and the water is diffused to the position of the seed 4 to be detected along the water absorption layer 12, so that the water is conveniently provided for the germination of the seed 4 to be detected.
A plurality of the engaging grooves 210 shown in this embodiment may be provided, and the engaging grooves 210 are sequentially arranged at intervals along the second direction of the water tank 21. During actual detection, a plurality of germination apparatus 1 can be rapidly inserted into each clamping groove 210, so that the operation is convenient, and the requirements of germination and measurement of a plurality of batches of seeds 4 to be detected can be met.
Further, the water supply device 2 shown in the present embodiment is further provided with a water pump 22 and a water supply pipe 23; the water pump 22 is arranged on the water supply pipe 23; one end of the water supply pipe 23 is communicated with the water tank 21, the other end of the water supply pipe is connected with the first end of the water absorption layer 12, and the second end of the water absorption layer 12 extends to the water tank 21; the first end of the water-absorbent layer 12 is disposed at a higher height than the second end thereof.
The water pump 22 shown in the present embodiment is preferably a peristaltic pump. Because the other end of the water supply pipe 23 is connected with the first end of the water absorption layer 12, when the peristaltic pump works, the peristaltic pump can intermittently supply water for the seeds 4 to be detected, so that the water can be diffused from the first end to the second end of the water absorption layer 12 under the action of gravity, and the water absorption layer 12 is further ensured to be kept in a wet state.
Further, the other end of the water supply pipe 23 shown in this embodiment is provided with a spraying section, and the spraying section extends along the width direction of the seed plate 11; the pipe wall of the spraying section is provided with a plurality of spraying ports, the spraying ports are arranged along the width direction of the seed metering plate 11, and the spraying ports are connected with the first end of the water absorbing layer 12.
Further, the bottom end of the slot 210 shown in the present embodiment is located at the upper side of the bottom of the water tank 21, so as to form a height difference between the bottom end of the slot 210 and the bottom of the water tank 21; the distance between the second end of the water absorption layer 12 and the bottom of the water tank 21 is smaller than the distance between one end of the seed plate 11 close to the water tank 21 and the bottom of the water tank 21.
Specifically, the distance between the bottom end of the slot 210 and the bottom of the water tank 21 is 15-25 mm. The distance between the second end of the water absorbing layer 12 and the end of the seeding plate 11 close to the water tank 21 is 3-5 mm. Thus, when the germination apparatus 1 is inserted into the slot 210, the second end of the water-absorbing layer 12 is ensured to be close to the bottom of the water tank 21, so that the second end of the water-absorbing layer 12 is soaked below the water level line of the water tank 21 and absorbs water from the water tank 21 by capillary phenomenon.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the image capturing module 3 shown in this embodiment includes a CCD camera 31, a lens of the CCD camera 31 faces the second surface of the seeding plate 11, and an optical axis of the CCD camera 31 is perpendicular to the second surface; the CCD camera 31 is in communication with the image processing module 5.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, a camera holder 32 is mounted on the edge of the water tank 21, and the CCD camera 31 shown in the present embodiment is mounted on the camera holder 32. The CCD camera 31 is provided with a Mini USB2.0 interface, so that the present embodiment can realize the communication connection between the CCD camera 31 and the image processing module 5 through a USB data line. The image processing module 5 may be a computer, an industrial personal computer, or the like known in the art. After the CCD camera 31 transmits the image information of the seed 4 to be measured to the image processing module 5, the image processing module 5 may use image processing software known in the art to measure, analyze and record the germination status of the seed 4 to be measured, thereby implementing continuous and automatic acquisition and analysis of morphological parameters of the whole germination process of the seed 4 to be measured.
As shown in fig. 6, the present embodiment further provides a method for detecting the seed vigor of the seed detection apparatus, including: s1, clamping the seeds to be tested between the seed discharging plate and the water absorbing layer, placing the seeds to be tested in a seed groove, ensuring that the ventral surface of the seeds to be tested is attached to the surface of the water absorbing layer, and arranging radicles of the seeds to be tested along a first direction; s2, connecting the water supply device with the water absorption layer; and S3, extending the lens of the image acquisition module to the second surface of the seeding plate, controlling the image acquisition module to acquire the image information of the seeds to be detected, processing the image information by the image processing module, and calculating the vitality index of the seeds to be detected.
Specifically, in the embodiment, when the seeds to be tested are clamped between the seed metering plate and the water absorbing layer, the seeds to be tested are placed at a position 3-4 cm away from the first end of the first germination paper layer or the second germination paper layer and are uniformly arranged into a straight line. Meanwhile, the arrangement of the vertical orientation of the radicles of the seeds to be detected in each seed groove is ensured, and one surface of the ventral sulcus of the seeds to be detected is attached to the first germination paper layer or the second germination paper layer, so that the germination directions of the seeds to be detected are kept consistent.
Then, the germination device is assembled and vertically inserted into the clamping groove on the water tank. Based on the mounting structure of the germination apparatus shown in the above embodiment, the second end of the water-absorbing layer is soaked below the water level line of the water tank, and absorbs water from the water tank by capillary phenomenon.
And then, starting the water pump to intermittently supply water to the first end of the water absorption layer, so that the water absorption layer is kept in a wet state to provide water required for germination of the seeds to be detected, and the seeds to be detected are in a proper germination environment.
And then, installing a camera support, installing a CCD camera on the camera support, and connecting the CCD camera with the image processing module in a communication manner to complete the construction of the whole seed vitality detection system.
And finally, selecting a proper growth cycle according to the characteristics of the seeds to be detected, regularly acquiring image information of the seeds to be detected by taking the growth cycle as a time interval, transmitting the image information to an image processing module, measuring and analyzing the germination parameters of the seeds to be detected by the image processing module, and calculating vitality indexes such as the germination potential, the germination index, the vitality index, the average germination rate and the like of the seeds to be detected.
In conclusion, the scheme shown in this embodiment is based on the machine vision technology, so that the full-automatic acquisition of the morphological parameters in the germination process of the seeds to be measured is realized, the online measurement can be realized, the seeds to be measured do not need to be separated from the germination environment, and the phenomenon that the roots of the seeds are adhered to the germination paper during manual measurement is effectively avoided. In the embodiment, the seeds to be measured germinate and grow in a plane by clamping the two seeding plates, and meanwhile, the separation of root systems among the seeds to be measured is also ensured. Meanwhile, the problem that the base line and the scale on the existing groove plate cannot be used for measuring the lengths of the in-plane bending and staggered winding roots is solved by the image processing technology. Meanwhile, the embodiment also overcomes the difficulty that the water required by the seeds during germination cannot be met by only using the germination paper, reduces the influence of human subjective factors on the measured data, can efficiently and accurately obtain the vitality parameters of the seeds to be measured, and ensures that the vitality evaluation indexes of the seeds to be measured are more reliable. Finally, the embodiment can also perform rapid analysis on the acquired data, conveniently integrate and manage the data information, is simple to operate, can realize simultaneous detection on the vitality of seeds in multiple batches, and has higher detection efficiency and accuracy.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
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| US5864984A (en) * | 1995-06-19 | 1999-02-02 | Paradigm Research Corporation | System and method for measuring seedlot vigor |
| CN104798481A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-07-29 | 青岛农业大学 | Seed germination soil-jacking force detection technology |
| CN204466195U (en) * | 2015-02-03 | 2015-07-15 | 青岛农业大学 | One exempts from the quantifiable seed germination box that waters |
| CN207908381U (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2018-09-25 | 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所 | The quickly device of detection alfalfa seed germination percentage |
| CN111837919A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2020-10-30 | 安徽农业大学 | A method for screening maize root mutants based on splint hydroponics |
| CN214622346U (en) * | 2021-02-18 | 2021-11-05 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心 | A seed vigor detection device |
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