CN112851357A - Preparation method of end plug of SiC composite material cladding tube - Google Patents
Preparation method of end plug of SiC composite material cladding tube Download PDFInfo
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- CN112851357A CN112851357A CN202011625313.8A CN202011625313A CN112851357A CN 112851357 A CN112851357 A CN 112851357A CN 202011625313 A CN202011625313 A CN 202011625313A CN 112851357 A CN112851357 A CN 112851357A
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- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 86
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 86
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003758 nuclear fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001093 Zr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011208 reinforced composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
- C04B35/56—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides
- C04B35/565—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on silicon carbide
- C04B35/575—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on silicon carbide obtained by pressure sintering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/52—Constituents or additives characterised by their shapes
- C04B2235/5276—Whiskers, spindles, needles or pins
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/54—Particle size related information
- C04B2235/5418—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof
- C04B2235/5436—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof micrometer sized, i.e. from 1 to 100 micron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6567—Treatment time
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/658—Atmosphere during thermal treatment
- C04B2235/6581—Total pressure below 1 atmosphere, e.g. vacuum
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of novel nuclear cladding material manufacturing, and particularly relates to a preparation method of an end plug of a SiC composite material cladding tube. Mixing the SiC whisker with SiC powder according to the total volume content of 10-30%; placing the proportioned SiC whiskers and SiC powder into a three-dimensional mixing tank; placing the mixed SiC whiskers and SiC powder into a graphite pressure-bearing die; loading the graphite pressure-bearing die into a hot-pressing sintering furnace; vacuumizing the hot-pressing sintering furnace; pressurizing the SiC whiskers and the SiC powder in the graphite pressure-bearing die through an upper punch and a lower punch; heating and maintaining the temperature, and sintering and molding the SiC whiskers and the SiC powder in the graphite pressure-bearing mold; and cooling to room temperature after heat preservation is finished, removing the pressure of the graphite pressure-bearing die, removing the vacuum of the hot-pressing sintering furnace, and taking out the end plugs of the SiC composite material cladding tube sintered in the graphite pressure-bearing die. The relative density of the prepared SiC composite material cladding tube end plug reaches over 96 percent, and the external dimension meets the technical requirement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of novel nuclear cladding material manufacturing, and particularly relates to a preparation method of an end plug of a SiC composite material cladding tube.
Background
The SiC ceramic has the advantages of excellent high-temperature performance, high hardness, corrosion resistance, low chemical activity, low specific gravity and the like, and is widely concerned in the field of high-temperature structural materials. Continuous silicon carbide fiber reinforced silicon carbide (SiC)fthe/SiC) composite material has pseudo-plastic fracture behavior, low absorptivity to thermal neutrons and radiation resistance, provides possibility for application of the composite material in the field of nuclear fuel elements, and becomes a fourth-generation nuclear reactor cladding material with great potential. The SiC/SiC fuel cladding has the following advantages over zirconium alloy cladding: (1) SiC has low reactivity with water, and cannot explode even if loss of coolant accident (LOCA) is met; (2) the SiC has lower absorptivity to thermal neutrons, which is about 25% lower than that of a zirconium cladding with the same wall thickness, and the fuel is saved; (3) the melting point is high (2730 ℃), the reactor cannot be melted down, the operating temperature of the reactor can be increased, the power is increased, the nuclear fuel is more sufficiently combusted, and the difficulty in waste treatment is greatly reduced; (4) the high-temperature strength and the corrosion resistance are excellent, the service cycle of the cladding tube can be greatly prolonged, and the service life of the cladding tube is even the same as that of fuel. Therefore, the research on the preparation process of the SiC composite material cladding is significant for prolonging the service life of the fuel element, improving the fuel consumption and increasing the economic benefits of the operation of the reactor.
At present, traditional nuclear power strong countries such as America, Japan, France and the like develop research and development in the field, most of publicly reported information is concentrated on the aspect of manufacturing cladding tubes, and the preparation of end plugs of fuel cladding tubes is still in the stage of exploration and research.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing an end plug of a SiC composite material cladding tube, which provides conditions for preparing a full-specification SiC composite material cladding tube.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for preparing an end plug of a SiC composite material cladding tube,
1) mixing the SiC whisker with SiC powder according to the total volume content of 10-30%;
2) placing the proportioned SiC whiskers and SiC powder into a three-dimensional mixing tank;
3) placing the mixed SiC whiskers and SiC powder into a graphite pressure-bearing die;
4) loading the graphite pressure-bearing die into a hot-pressing sintering furnace;
5) vacuumizing the hot-pressing sintering furnace;
6) pressurizing the SiC whiskers and the SiC powder in the graphite pressure-bearing die through an upper punch and a lower punch;
7) heating and maintaining the temperature, and sintering and molding the SiC whiskers and the SiC powder in the graphite pressure-bearing mold;
8) and cooling to room temperature after heat preservation is finished, removing the pressure of the graphite pressure-bearing die, removing the vacuum of the hot-pressing sintering furnace, and taking out the end plugs of the SiC composite material cladding tube sintered in the graphite pressure-bearing die.
The purity of the SiC whisker is more than 99 percent, and the length-diameter ratio is more than 15.
The purity of the SiC powder is more than 99 percent, and the granularity is 5-20 mu m.
And (3) putting the proportioned SiC whiskers and SiC powder into a three-dimensional mixing tank for mixing for 2-4 h.
The hot-pressing sintering furnace is vacuumized to 10-1Keeping for 1-3 h after Pa.
Pressurizing the SiC whiskers and the SiC powder in the die to 40-50 MPa by an upper punch and a lower punch.
Heating to 1700 ℃, and then preserving heat for 2-4 h.
The beneficial effects obtained by the invention are as follows:
the structure and the component composition of the SiC composite material cladding tube end plug are designed for the first time, the process method and the process flow are designed, the process parameters are determined through process experiments, the relative density of the prepared SiC composite material cladding tube end plug reaches over 96 percent, the appearance size meets the technical requirements, and the technical basis and the guarantee are provided for the development and the application of a new generation of full-specification silicon carbide cladding material.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
And mixing the SiC whisker and SiC powder according to a certain proportion, filling the mixture into a pressure-bearing die, and obtaining the SiC whisker reinforced composite material end plug by a hot-pressing sintering mode at a certain temperature and pressure.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: preparation of an end plug of a SiC composite cladding tube, comprising the steps of:
1) SiC whiskers (purity > 99% and aspect ratio >15) are mixed with SiC powder (purity > 99% and particle size 5-20 μm) according to the total volume content of 10% -30%.
2) And (3) putting the proportioned SiC whiskers and SiC powder into a three-dimensional mixing tank, and mixing for 2-4 h.
3) And placing the mixed SiC whiskers and SiC powder into a graphite pressure-bearing die.
4) And (3) putting the graphite pressure-bearing die into a hot-pressing sintering furnace.
5) The hot-pressing sintering furnace is vacuumized to 10-1Keeping for 1-3 h after Pa.
6) Pressurizing the SiC whiskers and the SiC powder in the die to 40-50 MPa by an upper punch and a lower punch.
7) Heating to 1700 ℃, then preserving heat for 2-4 h, and sintering and molding the SiC whiskers and the SiC powder in the graphite pressure-bearing die.
8) And cooling to room temperature after heat preservation is finished, removing the pressure of the graphite pressure-bearing mold, removing the vacuum of the hot pressing furnace, and taking out the end plug of the SiC composite material cladding tube sintered in the graphite pressure-bearing mold.
Example 1
The invention relates to a preparation method of an end plug of a SiC composite material cladding tube, which comprises the following steps:
1) SiC whiskers (purity > 99% and aspect ratio >15) are mixed with SiC powder (purity > 99% and particle size 5-20 μm) according to a volume content of 15% by volume.
2) And (3) putting the proportioned SiC whiskers and SiC powder into a three-dimensional mixing tank, and mixing for 2 h.
3) And placing the mixed SiC whiskers and SiC powder into a graphite pressure-bearing die.
4) And (3) putting the graphite pressure-bearing die into a hot-pressing sintering furnace.
5) The hot-pressing sintering furnace is vacuumized to 10-1After Pa, the time is kept for 1.5 h.
6) And pressurizing the SiC whiskers and the SiC powder in the die to 40MPa through an upper punch and a lower punch.
7) And heating to 1700 ℃, preserving heat for 2h, and sintering and molding the SiC whiskers and the SiC powder in the graphite pressure-bearing die.
8) And cooling to room temperature after heat preservation is finished, removing the pressure of the graphite pressure-bearing mold, removing the vacuum of the hot pressing furnace, and taking out the end plug of the SiC composite material cladding tube sintered in the graphite pressure-bearing mold.
Example 2
The invention relates to a preparation method of an end plug of a SiC composite material cladding tube, which comprises the following steps:
1) SiC whiskers (purity > 99% and aspect ratio >15) are mixed with SiC powder (purity > 99% and particle size 5-20 μm) according to a total volume content of 20%.
2) And (3) putting the proportioned SiC whiskers and SiC powder into a three-dimensional mixing tank, and mixing for 3 hours.
3) And placing the mixed SiC whiskers and SiC powder into a graphite pressure-bearing die.
4) And (3) putting the graphite pressure-bearing die into a hot-pressing sintering furnace.
5) The hot-pressing sintering furnace is vacuumized to 10-1After Pa, the pressure was maintained for 2 h.
6) Pressurizing the SiC whiskers and the SiC powder in the die to 45MPa through an upper punch and a lower punch.
7) And heating to 1700 ℃, preserving heat for 3h, and sintering and molding the SiC whiskers and the SiC powder in the graphite pressure-bearing die.
8) And cooling to room temperature after heat preservation is finished, removing the pressure of the graphite pressure-bearing mold, removing the vacuum of the hot pressing furnace, and taking out the end plug of the SiC composite material cladding tube sintered in the graphite pressure-bearing mold.
Example 3
The invention relates to a preparation method of an end plug of a SiC composite material cladding tube, which comprises the following steps:
1) SiC whiskers (purity > 99% and aspect ratio >15) are mixed with SiC powder (purity > 99% and particle size 5-20 μm) according to a total volume content of 25%.
2) And (3) putting the proportioned SiC whiskers and SiC powder into a three-dimensional mixing tank, and mixing for 4 hours.
3) And placing the mixed SiC whiskers and SiC powder into a graphite pressure-bearing die.
4) And (3) putting the graphite pressure-bearing die into a hot-pressing sintering furnace.
5) The hot-pressing sintering furnace is vacuumized to 10-1After Pa, the time is kept for 2.5 h.
6) Pressurizing the SiC whiskers and the SiC powder in the die to 50MPa through an upper punch and a lower punch.
7) Heating to 1700 ℃, preserving heat for 4h, and sintering and molding the SiC whiskers and the SiC powder in the graphite pressure-bearing die.
8) And cooling to room temperature after heat preservation is finished, removing the pressure of the graphite pressure-bearing mold, removing the vacuum of the hot pressing furnace, and taking out the end plug of the SiC composite material cladding tube sintered in the graphite pressure-bearing mold.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned examples, and various schemes which are not substantially different from the concept of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of an end plug of a SiC composite material cladding tube is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) mixing the SiC whisker with SiC powder according to the total volume content of 10-30%;
2) placing the proportioned SiC whiskers and SiC powder into a three-dimensional mixing tank;
3) placing the mixed SiC whiskers and SiC powder into a graphite pressure-bearing die;
4) loading the graphite pressure-bearing die into a hot-pressing sintering furnace;
5) vacuumizing the hot-pressing sintering furnace;
6) pressurizing the SiC whiskers and the SiC powder in the graphite pressure-bearing die through an upper punch and a lower punch;
7) heating and maintaining the temperature, and sintering and molding the SiC whiskers and the SiC powder in the graphite pressure-bearing mold;
8) and cooling to room temperature after heat preservation is finished, removing the pressure of the graphite pressure-bearing die, removing the vacuum of the hot-pressing sintering furnace, and taking out the end plugs of the SiC composite material cladding tube sintered in the graphite pressure-bearing die.
2. The method of making an end plug for a SiC composite cladding tube of claim 1, wherein: the purity of the SiC whisker is more than 99 percent, and the length-diameter ratio is more than 15.
3. The method of making an end plug for a SiC composite cladding tube of claim 1, wherein: the purity of the SiC powder is more than 99 percent, and the granularity is 5-20 mu m.
4. The method of making an end plug for a SiC composite cladding tube of claim 1, wherein: and (3) putting the proportioned SiC whiskers and SiC powder into a three-dimensional mixing tank for mixing for 2-4 h.
5. The method of making an end plug for a SiC composite cladding tube of claim 1, wherein: the hot-pressing sintering furnace is vacuumized to 10-1Keeping for 1-3 h after Pa.
6. The method of making an end plug for a SiC composite cladding tube of claim 1, wherein: pressurizing the SiC whiskers and the SiC powder in the die to 40-50 MPa by an upper punch and a lower punch.
7. The method of making an end plug for a SiC composite cladding tube of claim 1, wherein: heating to 1700 ℃, and then preserving heat for 2-4 h.
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JPH02204375A (en) * | 1989-02-01 | 1990-08-14 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | Fiber reinforced ceramics |
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CN105706176A (en) * | 2013-09-16 | 2016-06-22 | 西屋电气有限责任公司 | A sic matrix fuel cladding tube with spark plasma sintered end plugs |
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2020
- 2020-12-31 CN CN202011625313.8A patent/CN112851357A/en active Pending
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JPH0733529A (en) * | 1993-07-15 | 1995-02-03 | Idemitsu Material Kk | Method for manufacturing silicon carbide sintered body |
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CN105960681A (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2016-09-21 | 西屋电气有限责任公司 | Double-sealed fuel rod end plug for ceramic-containing cladding |
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Title |
---|
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Application publication date: 20210528 |