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CN112838293A - A battery pack composite thermal management device and thermal management method - Google Patents

A battery pack composite thermal management device and thermal management method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112838293A
CN112838293A CN202110104179.5A CN202110104179A CN112838293A CN 112838293 A CN112838293 A CN 112838293A CN 202110104179 A CN202110104179 A CN 202110104179A CN 112838293 A CN112838293 A CN 112838293A
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battery pack
heat
thermal management
battery
semiconductor refrigerating
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Inventor
程星星
刘齐星
王志强
张兴宇
王鲁元
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Shandong University
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Shandong University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H01M10/635—Control systems based on ambient temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6551—Surfaces specially adapted for heat dissipation or radiation, e.g. fins or coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6552—Closed pipes transferring heat by thermal conductivity or phase transition, e.g. heat pipes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
    • H01M10/6572—Peltier elements or thermoelectric devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/659—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by heat storage or buffering, e.g. heat capacity or liquid-solid phase changes or transition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种电池包复合热管理装置和热管理方法，包括电池组件、半导体制冷片组件、复合相变体组件、热管组件和散热翅片组件，其中，相邻两个电池的相对的两个面上均设置有半导体制冷片，两个半导体制冷片之间夹持设置复合相变体，热管的一端插入复合相变体中，另一端向外延伸，与散热翅片组件连接。本发明中加入的半导体制冷片，可以满足电池组不同程度的散热需求，防止热失控及其导致的安全性问题，同时还可以在低温环境下对电池组进行加热，防止电池能量和效率的降低；加入的热管和翅片辅助散热装置可以防止相变材料热失效后导致的半导体制冷片制冷效果降低；可闭合的箱盖可以减少低温环境下电池组热量的散失。

Figure 202110104179

The invention discloses a battery pack composite thermal management device and a thermal management method, comprising a battery assembly, a semiconductor refrigeration fin assembly, a composite phase-change component, a heat pipe assembly and a heat dissipation fin assembly, wherein the opposite sides of two adjacent batteries are Semiconductor refrigerating sheets are arranged on both surfaces, and a composite phase change body is sandwiched between the two semiconductor refrigerating sheets. The semiconductor refrigerating sheet added in the present invention can meet the different degrees of heat dissipation requirements of the battery pack, prevent thermal runaway and the resulting safety problems, and can also heat the battery pack in a low temperature environment to prevent the reduction of battery energy and efficiency. ; The added heat pipe and fin auxiliary heat dissipation device can prevent the cooling effect of the semiconductor refrigerating sheet from being reduced after the thermal failure of the phase change material; the closed box cover can reduce the heat dissipation of the battery pack in a low temperature environment.

Figure 202110104179

Description

Battery pack composite thermal management device and thermal management method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of battery pack thermal management of electric vehicles, and particularly relates to a battery pack composite thermal management device and a thermal management method.
Background
The information in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
With the shortage of energy and the increasing severity of environmental problems, energy conservation and emission reduction become very important social issues. Compared with the traditional automobile and the pure electric automobile taking electric energy as power, the pure electric automobile has the advantages of cleanness, high efficiency, low pollution, no noise and the like, is more in line with the concept of energy conservation and emission reduction, and receives more and more attention. The power battery is the only power source of the electric automobile, and the performance of the power battery directly influences the dynamic property, safety and economical efficiency of the whole automobile. The performance, service life and safety of the power battery are sensitive to temperature, the battery is affected by over-high temperature, over-low temperature and uneven distribution among battery modules or battery monomers, and especially, safety problems such as burning, explosion and the like can be caused when the temperature is over-high. Therefore, the heat management of the battery is very necessary, and the heat management technology of the battery pack also becomes a key technology for restricting the development of the electric automobile. The current battery pack heat management modes mainly comprise air cooling, liquid cooling, phase change material cooling, heat pipe heat dissipation, thermoelectric cooling and electric heating, but the inventor finds that the existing various heat management modes have limitations, for example, for the conditions of low vehicle speed or low power and the like, the air cooling technology can still meet the heat dissipation requirement, but for the conditions of high heat productivity, the cooling effect is not ideal. And the liquid cooling system needs additional equipment such as a water tank, a pump and the like, so that the overall layout and the light weight of the automobile are not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a battery pack composite heat management device and a heat management method.
To solve the above technical problem, one or more of the following embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a battery pack composite thermal management device comprising a battery assembly, a semiconductor cooling fin assembly, a composite phase change body assembly, a heat pipe assembly, and a heat sink fin assembly, wherein,
two opposite surfaces of two adjacent batteries are respectively provided with a semiconductor refrigeration piece, a composite phase change body is clamped between the two semiconductor refrigeration pieces, one end of the heat pipe is inserted into the phase change material, and the other end of the heat pipe extends outwards and is connected with the radiating fin assembly.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a battery pack composite thermal management method, including the following steps:
the battery pack discharges and generates heat, if the ambient temperature is lower, the semiconductor refrigerating sheet is not electrified, the heat generated by the battery is transferred to the composite phase change body through the semiconductor refrigerating sheet, part of the heat is stored in the phase change material, and the redundant heat is transferred outwards through the heat pipe and the fins and is taken away by natural wind;
when the ambient temperature of the battery pack is higher, current is introduced into the semiconductor refrigerating sheet for refrigerating, the semiconductor refrigerating sheet absorbs heat generated by the battery and releases heat to the phase-change material, and redundant heat is transferred outwards through the heat pipe and the fins and is taken away by natural wind;
when the ambient temperature of the battery pack is low, reverse current is introduced into the semiconductor refrigerating sheet, and the semiconductor refrigerating sheet absorbs heat from the phase-change material to heat the battery.
Compared with the prior art, one or more technical schemes of the invention have the following beneficial effects:
the semiconductor refrigerating sheet added in the invention can meet the heat dissipation requirements of the battery pack in different degrees, prevent thermal runaway and the safety problem caused by the thermal runaway, and simultaneously can heat the battery pack in a low-temperature environment to prevent the reduction of the energy and the efficiency of the battery; the added heat pipe and fin auxiliary heat dissipation device can prevent the reduction of the refrigeration effect of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet caused by the thermal failure of the phase change material; the closable case cover can reduce the heat loss of the battery pack in a low-temperature environment.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an external structure of a battery pack composite thermal management device with a removable cover according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic side view of a battery pack in a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a case according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a case cover according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a fin in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a battery pack composite heat management device when a box cover is opened according to an embodiment of the invention.
Wherein: 1-box body, 11-groove, 12-long hole;
2-box cover, 21-protruding edge;
3-electric push rod, 4-battery, 5-semiconductor refrigeration piece, 6-composite phase variation, 7-heat pipe, 8-radiating fin.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a battery pack composite thermal management device comprising a battery assembly, a semiconductor cooling fin assembly, a composite phase change body assembly, a heat pipe assembly, and a heat sink fin assembly, wherein,
two opposite surfaces of two adjacent batteries are respectively provided with a semiconductor refrigeration piece, a composite phase variation body is clamped between the two semiconductor refrigeration pieces, one end of the heat pipe is inserted into the composite phase variation body, and the other end of the heat pipe extends outwards and is connected with the radiating fin assembly.
The phase change material can keep the temperature unchanged or has a small change range in the phase change process, but can absorb or release a large amount of latent heat. Taking advantage of this property to take advantage of in battery thermal management, the battery temperature can be kept relatively stable and uniform. However, the phase-change material generally has the disadvantage of low thermal conductivity, and a simple passive phase-change material thermal management system has a limited action time, and active control of the battery temperature is difficult to realize.
Semiconductor refrigeration utilizes the Peltier effect, and when current passes through a couple formed by connecting different semiconductor materials in series, one end of the couple can absorb heat from the outside and the other end can release heat to the outside. The refrigerating capacity and the refrigerating speed can be adjusted by the magnitude of the current. And when the current direction is opposite, the hot junction can become the cold junction to from external heat absorption, but if the hot junction heat dissipation of semiconductor refrigeration piece is not in time, then the thermal runaway takes place easily, consequently still needs to carry out effectual heat dissipation to the hot junction. When the semiconductor refrigeration is matched with the phase-change material for use, the semiconductor refrigeration piece can be timely cooled, and can also be used as a heat source of the semiconductor refrigeration piece when the ambient temperature is low, so that the battery temperature can be well regulated more easily.
The heat pipe is a high-efficiency heat exchange element and has good heat conductivity, and when the heat pipe works, the heat at the evaporation end can be continuously transferred to the condensation end. The heat pipe is matched with the phase-change material and the fins, so that redundant heat can be transferred rapidly, and the heat management efficiency of the battery pack can be effectively improved.
In some embodiments, the heat pipe is a flat heat pipe.
In some embodiments, a plurality of fins of the fin assembly are stacked with gaps between adjacent fins. The reserved gap is convenient for natural wind to pass through, and the heat dissipation efficiency is improved.
Further, the same heat pipe is in contact with each of the plurality of fins in the fin assembly.
In some embodiments, the refrigerator further comprises a box body and a box cover, and the battery assembly, the semiconductor refrigerating sheet assembly, the composite phase change body assembly, the heat pipe assembly and the radiating fin assembly are all arranged in the box body.
Furthermore, the opening and closing angle of the box cover relative to the box body can be adjusted.
Furthermore, four corners of the box cover are connected with the box body through electric push rods. And the electric push rod acts to push the box cover away from the box body or pull the box cover towards the box body.
The opening and closing angle of the box cover relative to the box body is adjustable, when heat dissipation is needed, the box cover is opened, natural wind formed in the driving process of the automobile can enter the box body, and the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery pack is improved. When the external environment temperature is low and the battery pack needs to be heated, the box cover can be closed to reduce the heat loss.
Furthermore, protruding edges are respectively arranged on two sides of the box cover, and the electric push rod is connected with the protruding edges of the box cover. The protruding edge is arranged, so that the connection of the electric push rod is convenient to realize.
Furthermore, the bottom of the box body is provided with a groove. For securing the battery pack.
Furthermore, a through groove is formed in the side face of the box body. For wiring the battery pack.
In some embodiments, the composite phase change body includes a thermally conductive skeleton and a phase change material attached to the thermally conductive skeleton.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a battery pack composite thermal management method, including the following steps:
the battery pack discharges and generates heat, if the ambient temperature is lower, the semiconductor refrigerating sheet is not electrified, the heat generated by the battery is transferred to the composite phase change body through the semiconductor refrigerating sheet, part of the heat is stored in the phase change material, and the redundant heat is transferred outwards through the heat pipe and the fins and is taken away by natural wind;
when the ambient temperature of the battery pack is higher, current is introduced into the semiconductor refrigerating sheet for refrigerating, the semiconductor refrigerating sheet absorbs heat generated by the battery and releases heat to the phase-change material, and redundant heat is transferred outwards through the heat pipe and the fins and is taken away by natural wind;
when the ambient temperature of the battery pack is low, reverse current is introduced into the semiconductor refrigerating sheet, and the semiconductor refrigerating sheet absorbs heat from the phase-change material to heat the battery.
In some embodiments, the step of opening the lid is further included when dissipating heat from the battery pack.
In some embodiments, the step of closing the lid is further included when heating the battery pack.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a composite thermal management device for a battery pack with a removable cover comprises: the box body 1, the box cover 2, the electric push rod 3, the battery 4, the semiconductor refrigeration piece 5, the composite phase change body 6, the heat pipe 7 and the radiating fins 8.
As shown in figure 3, the bottom of the box body is provided with a groove 11 for fixing the battery, two sides are provided with long holes 12 for facilitating wiring of the battery pack, and two electric push rods 3 are fixed on each side of two sides without the long holes.
As shown in fig. 1, the electric push rod 3 is fixed on the side surface of the case 1 near the near side line and the upper side line.
As shown in fig. 4, the case cover 2 has protruding edges corresponding to the two sides of the case body 1 fixed with the electric push rods 3, and the four electric push rods 3 are connected with the case cover 2 through the protruding edges 21 to control the opening and closing of the case cover 2.
As shown in fig. 2, the semiconductor cooling plate 5 is tightly attached to the battery 4 on one side and the composite phase change body 6 on the other side. Both sides of the composite phase change body 6 are connected with the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 5. The evaporation end of the flat heat pipe 7 is inserted into the composite phase change body, and the condensation end of the flat heat pipe extends out of the battery pack and is connected with the radiating fin 8. The multiple layers of flat plate radiating fins 8 are connected by a fixing piece, each layer of radiating fin 8 is provided with a plurality of holes capable of being inserted into the flat heat pipe 7, and the area of the radiating fin 8 is close to the total area of the top surface of the battery pack and is smaller than the top area of the box cover 2.
As shown in fig. 1 and 6, the battery pack composite thermal management method includes: when the electric automobile runs, the power battery discharges and generates heat, if the ambient temperature is not high, when the heat dissipation requirement is not high, the battery box cover is opened by using the electric push rod, the semiconductor refrigerating sheet is not electrified, the heat generated by the battery is transferred to the composite phase change body through the refrigerating sheet and is stored in the phase change material in the form of sensible heat or phase change latent heat, and meanwhile, the redundant heat is taken away by natural wind formed by the automobile speed through the heat pipe and the fins; the battery pack has further heat dissipation requirements, when the temperature of the battery pack is higher than 40 ℃, a battery box cover is kept open, current is supplied to the semiconductor refrigerating sheet, the refrigerating capacity and the refrigerating speed can be controlled by the current, the semiconductor refrigerating sheet absorbs heat generated by the battery and releases heat to the phase-change material, the heat pipe and the fins can enhance the heat dissipation effect of the hot end of the semiconductor refrigerating sheet, and the reduction of the refrigerating effect of the semiconductor refrigerating sheet caused by the thermal failure of the phase-change material is prevented. Under the cold environment, the battery pack needs to be heated, when the temperature in the battery pack is lower than 10 ℃, reverse current is conducted to the semiconductor refrigeration piece, at the moment, the semiconductor refrigeration piece absorbs heat from the phase-change material to heat the battery, at the moment, the battery box body is closed by the electric push rod, and unnecessary heat loss is reduced.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A battery pack composite thermal management device, comprising: comprises a battery component, a semiconductor refrigerating sheet component, a composite phase change body component, a heat pipe component and a radiating fin component, wherein,
two opposite surfaces of two adjacent batteries are respectively provided with a semiconductor refrigeration piece, a composite phase variation body is clamped between the two semiconductor refrigeration pieces, one end of the heat pipe is inserted into the composite phase variation body, and the other end of the heat pipe extends outwards and is connected with the radiating fin assembly.
2. The battery pack composite thermal management device of claim 1, wherein: the heat pipe is a flat heat pipe.
3. The battery pack composite thermal management device of claim 1, wherein: a plurality of radiating fins in the radiating fin assembly are overlapped, and a gap is reserved between every two adjacent radiating fins;
further, the same heat pipe is in contact with each of the plurality of fins in the fin assembly.
4. The battery pack composite thermal management device of claim 1, wherein: the refrigerator also comprises a box body and a box cover, wherein the battery component, the semiconductor refrigerating sheet component, the composite phase change body component, the heat pipe component and the radiating fin component are all arranged in the box body.
5. The battery pack composite thermal management device of claim 4, wherein: the opening and closing angle of the box cover relative to the box body can be adjusted;
furthermore, four corners of the box cover are connected with the box body through electric push rods;
furthermore, protruding edges are respectively arranged on two sides of the box cover, and the electric push rod is connected with the protruding edges of the box cover.
6. The battery pack composite thermal management device of claim 4, wherein: the bottom of the box body is provided with a groove;
furthermore, a through groove is formed in the side face of the box body.
7. The battery pack composite thermal management device of claim 1, wherein: the composite phase change body comprises a heat conduction framework and a phase change material attached to the heat conduction framework.
8. A battery pack composite thermal management method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the battery pack discharges and generates heat, if the ambient temperature is low, the semiconductor refrigerating sheet is not electrified, the heat generated by the battery is transferred to the phase-change material through the semiconductor refrigerating sheet, part of the heat is stored in the phase-change material, and the redundant heat is transferred outwards through the heat pipe and the fins and is taken away by natural wind;
when the ambient temperature of the battery pack is higher, current is introduced into the semiconductor refrigerating sheet for refrigerating, the semiconductor refrigerating sheet absorbs heat generated by the battery and releases heat to the phase-change material, and redundant heat is transferred outwards through the heat pipe and the fins and is taken away by natural wind;
when the ambient temperature of the battery pack is low, reverse current is introduced into the semiconductor refrigerating sheet, and the semiconductor refrigerating sheet absorbs heat from the phase-change material to heat the battery.
9. The battery pack composite thermal management method of claim 8, wherein: when the battery pack is cooled, the step of opening the case cover is further included.
10. The battery pack composite thermal management method of claim 8, wherein: when the battery pack is heated, the step of closing the box cover is further included.
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