CN112827205A - Negative pressure type distillation system and distillation process thereof - Google Patents
Negative pressure type distillation system and distillation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112827205A CN112827205A CN202110234331.1A CN202110234331A CN112827205A CN 112827205 A CN112827205 A CN 112827205A CN 202110234331 A CN202110234331 A CN 202110234331A CN 112827205 A CN112827205 A CN 112827205A
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- negative pressure
- concentration chamber
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/10—Vacuum distillation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/007—Energy recuperation; Heat pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/06—Heat pumps characterised by the source of low potential heat
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a negative pressure type distillation system, which comprises a raw material box, a negative pressure evaporation and concentration chamber, a heat recovery device and a condensate tank, wherein the raw material box is connected with the negative pressure evaporation and concentration chamber; the raw material box is connected with the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber through a feeding pump and a liquid supplementing pipe; the heat recovery device forms a circulating heating loop with the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber through a heating circulating pump and a circulating temperature rising pipe; the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber is connected with the heat recovery device through a steam pipe; the heat recovery device is connected with the condensate tank through a back-stage plate exchanger and a steam pipe; steam generated by the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber enters the heat recovery device through a steam pipe; the steam enters the condensate tank through the back-stage plate and the steam pipe after absorbing heat energy by the heat recovery device; the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber is connected with the solid-liquid separation device through a discharge water pump and a crystallization transfer pipe; the invention fully recycles most energy of the steam, reduces energy waste and has good energy-saving and environment-friendly effects; the negative pressure type distillation system has low manufacturing cost, reduces the production cost and has higher distillation efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of distillation, in particular to a negative pressure type distillation system and a distillation process thereof.
Background
Heat pump technology is a new energy technology that has received much attention worldwide in recent years. The heat pump is a device which can obtain low-grade heat energy from air, water or soil in the nature and provide high-grade heat energy which can be used by people through electric power work. At present, heat pump technology is mainly used in the industrial and civil fields, a heat pump unit generally comprises an evaporator, a condenser, a compressor, an expansion valve and a reversing valve, and a heat pump working medium circulating between the evaporator and the condenser is arranged in the heat pump unit. The compressor compresses low-pressure heat pump working medium gas into high-temperature and high-pressure gas, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas is sent into the condenser, the heat pump working medium is cooled into liquid, the liquid flows into the evaporator again after being throttled and cooled by the expansion valve, the heat pump working medium absorbs heat energy to become gas, and the gas is repeatedly circulated to realize the conversion and the transmission of the heat energy.
In the traditional technology, when the negative pressure distillation equipment works, a heating system heats fossil energy such as steam, electric power or fuel gas, water vapor and liquid in the multi-effect evaporator reversely exchange heat after vacuumizing, the heat exchange efficiency is low, about 60-70% of heat can be carried away by cooling water to cause energy waste, and the operation cost is high. The MVR in the latest technology depends on a vapor compressor to recover heat energy, the operation cost is low, but the system process is complex, the operation difficulty is high, the engineering cost is extremely high, and the MVR is not suitable for small and medium-sized production enterprises to put into production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a negative pressure type distillation system and a distillation process thereof, which can recycle the heat energy of steam, avoid energy waste, have good energy-saving and environment-friendly effects and higher distillation efficiency.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a negative pressure type distillation system comprises a raw material box, a negative pressure evaporation and concentration chamber, a heat recovery device and a water condensation tank; the raw material box is connected with the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber through a feeding pump and a liquid supplementing pipe; the heat recovery device and the negative pressure evaporation and concentration chamber form a circulating heating loop through a heating circulating pump and a circulating temperature rising pipe; the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber is connected with the heat recovery device through a steam pipe; the heat recovery device is connected with the condensate tank through a back-stage plate exchanger and a steam pipe; steam generated by the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber enters the heat recovery device through the steam pipe; the steam enters the condensation tank through the back-stage plate exchange and steam pipe after absorbing heat energy by the heat recovery device; the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber is connected with the solid-liquid separation device through a discharge water pump and a crystallization transfer pipe.
Further, the negative pressure evaporation and concentration chamber is connected with a vacuum pump; the vacuum pump is used for vacuumizing the negative pressure evaporation and concentration chamber when the temperature of the negative pressure evaporation and concentration chamber reaches above 90 ℃.
Further, the heat recovery device comprises a compressor, an evaporator and an exhaust fan; the compressor is connected with the evaporator; the exhaust fan is arranged on one side of the evaporator.
Further, a gas-water separation device is connected between the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber and the steam pipe.
Further, the bottom of the water condensation tank is connected with a transfer pump through a distilled liquid pipe; and the condensed water recovered by the transfer pump is recycled or discharged after reaching the standard.
Furthermore, one end of the circulating heating pipe, which is connected with the heat recovery device, is in a spiral shape.
Further, the negative pressure distillation system also comprises an automatic electric heating device for supplementing the difference heat.
Further, the distillation process based on the negative pressure type distillation system comprises the following steps:
s1, injecting the feed liquid to be concentrated into the raw material box, starting the feed pump, and supplementing the feed liquid to the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber to a limited liquid level according to the liquid level of the distiller;
s2, starting a heating circulating pump, heating the material liquid to be evaporated through a heat recovery device, and heating the material liquid to 90-98 ℃ from normal temperature;
s3, when the temperature of the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber reaches above 90 ℃, starting a vacuum pump to vacuumize the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber, heating up steam generated by boiling of negative pressure feed liquid in the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber through a heat recovery device, exchanging heat with air and condensing the steam into cooling water, absorbing heat of hot air through the heat recovery device, continuously recycling heat energy of the steam through a circulating heating pipe and a heating circulating pump, and exchanging and recovering a part of heat of the cooling water through a rear-stage plate;
s4, continuously evaporating and concentrating water in the feed liquid in the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber, starting a discharge water pump to perform inner circulation rotational flow when the concentration limit value is reached, performing gravity separation on feed liquid crystals, and conveying part of the feed liquid to a solid-liquid separation device for normal temperature separation and crystallization;
and S5, absorbing heat energy by the heat recovery device, allowing the steam to enter a condensate tank through a back-stage plate exchanger and a steam pipe, collecting condensate by the condensate tank, and recovering the condensate through a transfer pump until the condensate is recycled or discharged after reaching the standard.
Further, in the step S3, the difference heat in the heat energy recovery process is supplemented by absorbing the air heat energy or by the system control automatic electric heating device.
Further, the temperature of the cooling water is 50-70 ℃; and the cooling water is cooled to 30-40 ℃ after a part of heat is recovered by the back-stage plate.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the heat recovery device is arranged to recover heat energy in steam, the heat energy of the steam is continuously recycled through the circulating heating pipe and the heating circulating pump, and the difference heat in the heat energy recovery process is supplemented by absorbing air heat energy or an automatic electric heating device controlled by a system; the invention fully recycles most energy of the steam, reduces energy waste, has good energy-saving and environment-friendly effects, has much lower manufacturing cost than the prior MVR device, has much lower operating cost than the traditional multi-effect negative pressure distillation device, reduces the zero-emission and environment-friendly investment or operating cost of wastewater of production enterprises, and has higher distillation efficiency by utilizing the heat pump recovery technology under the same energy consumption.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a negative pressure distillation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the drawings: 1-raw material box; 2-negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber; 3-a heat recovery device; 4-condensation tank; 5-a feed pump; 6-a liquid supplementing pipe; 7-heating the circulating pump; 8-circulating a heating pipe; 9-steam pipe; 10-replacing a rear-stage plate; 11-a discharge water pump; 12-a crystal transfer tube; 13-a vacuum pump; 14-gas-water separation device; 15-a distillate tube; 16-a transfer pump; 31-a compressor; 32-an evaporator; 33-an exhaust fan.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, which are illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
It should be noted that all the directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, upper end, lower end, top, bottom … …) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indication is changed accordingly.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the term "coupled" is to be interpreted broadly, e.g., "coupled" may be fixedly coupled, detachably coupled, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature; in addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a negative pressure distillation system comprises a raw material tank 1, a negative pressure evaporation and concentration chamber 2, a heat recovery device 3 and a condensate tank 4; the raw material box 1 is connected with the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber 2 through a feeding pump 5 and a liquid supplementing pipe 6; the heat recovery device 3 and the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber 2 form a circulating heating loop through a heating circulating pump 7 and a circulating temperature rising pipe 8; the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber 2 is connected with the heat recovery device 3 through a steam pipe 9; the heat recovery device 3 is connected with the condensed water tank 4 through a rear-stage plate exchanger 10 and a steam pipe 9; the steam generated by the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber 2 enters the heat recovery device 3 through the steam pipe 9; the steam enters the condensate tank 4 through a rear-stage plate exchanger 10 and a steam pipe 9 after absorbing heat energy by the heat recovery device 3; the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber 2 is connected with a solid-liquid separation device through a discharge water pump 11 and a crystallization transfer pipe 12. It should be noted that the heat recovery device 3 is arranged to recover heat energy in steam, the heat energy of the steam is continuously recycled through the circulating heating pipe 8 and the heating circulating pump 7, and the difference heat in the heat energy recovery process is supplemented by absorbing air heat energy or an automatic electric heating device controlled by a system; the invention fully recycles most energy of the steam, reduces energy waste, has good energy-saving and environment-friendly effects, has much lower manufacturing cost than the prior MVR device, has much lower operating cost than the traditional multi-effect negative pressure distillation device, reduces the zero-emission and environment-friendly investment or operating cost of wastewater of production enterprises, and has higher distillation efficiency by utilizing the heat pump recovery technology under the same energy consumption.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber 2 is connected to a vacuum pump 13; the vacuum pump 13 is used for vacuumizing the negative pressure evaporation and concentration chamber 2 when the temperature of the negative pressure evaporation and concentration chamber 2 reaches more than 90 ℃.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the heat recovery device 3 includes a compressor 31, an evaporator 32, and an exhaust fan 33; the compressor 31 is connected to the evaporator 32; the suction fan 33 is disposed at one side of the evaporator 32.
Specifically, in this embodiment, a gas-water separation device 14 is connected between the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber 2 and the steam pipe 9. The steam and the water in the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber 2 are effectively separated by the gas-water separation device 14; preventing water from entering the steam pipe 9; the steam can smoothly enter the steam pipe 9, and the recovery efficiency of the steam heat is further improved.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of the condensed water tank 4 is connected to a transfer pump 16 through a distilled liquid pipe 15; the transfer pump 16 recovers the condensed water for recycling or discharges the condensed water after reaching the standard.
Specifically, in this embodiment, one end of the circulating heating pipe 8 connected to the heat recovery device 3 is spiral. It should be noted that, by providing a part of the heat exchange between the circulation temperature increasing pipe 8 and the heat recovery device 3 in a spiral shape, the heat exchange efficiency is effectively improved, and most of the energy of the steam is fully utilized.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the negative pressure distillation system further includes an automatic electric heating device for supplementing the difference heat. It should be noted that, when the difference of the heat of the system occurs, the automatic electric heating device is started to supplement the heat, and the automatic electric heating device does not need to continuously work to supplement the heat, so that the power consumption is effectively reduced, the energy waste is reduced, and the energy-saving and environment-friendly effects are good.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, a distillation process based on a negative pressure distillation system includes the following steps:
s1, injecting the feed liquid to be concentrated into the raw material box 1, starting the feed pump 5, and supplementing the feed liquid to the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber 2 to a limited liquid level according to the liquid level of the distiller;
s2, starting a heating circulating pump 7, heating the material liquid to be evaporated through a heat recovery device 3, and heating the material liquid to 90-98 ℃ from normal temperature;
s3, when the temperature of the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber 2 reaches above 90 ℃, starting the vacuum pump 13 to vacuumize the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber 2, heating the steam generated by boiling the negative pressure feed liquid in the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber 2 through the heat recovery device 3, exchanging heat with air, and condensing the steam into cooling water, absorbing heat of the hot air through the heat recovery device 3, continuously recycling the heat energy of the steam through the circulating heating pipe 8 and the heating circulating pump 7, and recycling a part of the heat energy of the cooling water through the rear-stage plate exchanger 10;
s4, continuously evaporating and concentrating the water of the feed liquid in the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber 2, starting the discharging water pump 11 to carry out internal circulation rotational flow when the concentration limit value is reached, carrying out gravity separation on the feed liquid crystals, and conveying part of the feed liquid to a solid-liquid separation device for normal temperature separation and crystallization;
and S5, absorbing heat energy by the heat recovery device 3, allowing the steam to enter the condensate tank 4 through the rear-stage plate exchanger 10 and the steam pipe 9, collecting condensate by the condensate tank, and recovering the condensate through the transfer pump 16 to the process for recycling or discharging after reaching the standard.
Specifically, in this embodiment, in step S3, the difference heat in the thermal energy recovery process is supplemented by absorbing air thermal energy or by the system-controlled automatic electric heating device. The air heat energy comprises normal temperature air and air with waste heat, and the temperature is 15-60 ℃; on the premise of reducing power consumption, the invention fully recycles most energy of steam, reduces energy waste and has good energy-saving and environment-friendly effects.
Specifically, in the embodiment, the temperature of the cooling water is 50-70 ℃; and the cooling water is cooled to 30-40 ℃ after a part of heat is recovered by the rear-stage plate exchanger 10. The cooling water is collected in the condensate tank 4 through the distillation liquid pipe 15; the water collected by the condensate tank 4 can be recycled to the process for recycling or discharged after reaching the standard.
The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, and the principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein by using specific examples, and the descriptions of the embodiments are only used to help understanding the principles of the embodiments of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the embodiments of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific implementation manners and application ranges, and in summary, the content of the present description should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A negative pressure distillation system characterized by: comprises a raw material box, a negative pressure evaporation and concentration chamber, a heat recovery device and a condensate tank; the raw material box is connected with the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber through a feeding pump and a liquid supplementing pipe; the heat recovery device and the negative pressure evaporation and concentration chamber form a circulating heating loop through a heating circulating pump and a circulating temperature rising pipe; the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber is connected with the heat recovery device through a steam pipe; the heat recovery device is connected with the condensate tank through a back-stage plate exchanger and a steam pipe; steam generated by the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber enters the heat recovery device through the steam pipe; the steam enters the condensation tank through the back-stage plate exchange and steam pipe after absorbing heat energy by the heat recovery device; the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber is connected with the solid-liquid separation device through a discharge water pump and a crystallization transfer pipe.
2. A negative pressure distillation system according to claim 1, wherein: the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber is connected with a vacuum pump; the vacuum pump is used for vacuumizing the negative pressure evaporation and concentration chamber when the temperature of the negative pressure evaporation and concentration chamber reaches above 90 ℃.
3. A negative pressure distillation system according to claim 1, wherein: the heat recovery device comprises a compressor, an evaporator and an exhaust fan; the compressor is connected with the evaporator; the exhaust fan is arranged on one side of the evaporator.
4. A negative pressure distillation system according to claim 1, wherein: and a gas-water separation device is connected between the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber and the steam pipe.
5. A negative pressure distillation system according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the condensed water tank is connected with a transfer pump through a distilled liquid pipe; and the condensed water recovered by the transfer pump is recycled or discharged after reaching the standard.
6. A negative pressure distillation system according to claim 1, wherein: and one end of the circulating heating pipe, which is connected with the heat recovery device, is in a spiral shape.
7. A negative pressure distillation system according to claim 1, wherein: an automatic electric heating device for supplementing the difference heat is also included.
8. A distillation process based on a negative pressure type distillation system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, injecting the feed liquid to be concentrated into the raw material box, starting the feed pump, and supplementing the feed liquid to the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber to a limited liquid level according to the liquid level of the distiller;
s2, starting a heating circulating pump, heating the material liquid to be evaporated through a heat recovery device, and heating the material liquid to 90-98 ℃ from normal temperature;
s3, when the temperature of the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber reaches above 90 ℃, starting a vacuum pump to vacuumize the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber, heating up steam generated by boiling of negative pressure feed liquid in the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber through a heat recovery device, exchanging heat with air and condensing the steam into cooling water, absorbing heat of hot air through the heat recovery device, continuously recycling heat energy of the steam through a circulating heating pipe and a heating circulating pump, and exchanging and recovering a part of heat of the cooling water through a rear-stage plate;
s4, continuously evaporating and concentrating water in the feed liquid in the negative pressure evaporation concentration chamber, starting a discharge water pump to perform inner circulation rotational flow when the concentration limit value is reached, performing gravity separation on feed liquid crystals, and conveying part of the feed liquid to a solid-liquid separation device for normal temperature separation and crystallization;
and S5, absorbing heat energy by the heat recovery device, allowing the steam to enter a condensate tank through a back-stage plate exchanger and a steam pipe, collecting condensate by the condensate tank, and recovering the condensate through a transfer pump until the condensate is recycled or discharged after reaching the standard.
9. The distillation process based on the negative pressure distillation system as claimed in claim 8, wherein: in step S3, the difference heat in the heat energy recovery process is supplemented by absorbing air heat energy or by the system control automatic electric heating device.
10. The distillation process based on the negative pressure distillation system as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the temperature of the cooling water is 50-70 ℃; and the cooling water is cooled to 30-40 ℃ after a part of heat is recovered by the back-stage plate.
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| CN202110234331.1A CN112827205A (en) | 2021-03-03 | 2021-03-03 | Negative pressure type distillation system and distillation process thereof |
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| CN202110234331.1A CN112827205A (en) | 2021-03-03 | 2021-03-03 | Negative pressure type distillation system and distillation process thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114949900A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-08-30 | 浙江镇田机械有限公司 | Short-range molecular distillation heat pump energy-saving complete equipment |
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