CN112809577B - Positioning clamp and positioning method for transmission shafts of water pumps with different specifications and lengths - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a transmission shaft positioning fixture with different specifications and lengths of water pumps and a positioning method thereof. The fixture includes a bottom plate, and also includes a tailstock positioning mechanism and a main shaft clamping and rotating mechanism for respectively positioning the two ends of the water pump transmission shaft. Both the tailstock positioning mechanism and the main shaft clamping and rotating mechanism can be slidably arranged on the base plate. The main shaft clamping and rotating mechanism is a rotatable clamping structure. The jacking cylinder supporting and positioning the corresponding end of the drive shaft. The structure design of the drive shaft positioning fixture of different specifications and lengths of the pump is reasonable, and materials can be placed manually or unloaded by a robot. After the material sensor senses that there is material, the fixture can automatically clamp and position, which promotes the intelligent automation of the industry and is easy to operate. ; Compared with the prior art, the structure is more stable, the feeding speed is faster and the efficiency is higher.

Description

Positioning jig and positioning method for transmission shafts of different specifications and lengths of water pumps

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of shaft positioning fixtures, in particular to a positioning fixture for drive shafts with different specifications and lengths of water pumps and a positioning method thereof.

Background technique

The shaft is one of the important parts that make up the machine and is widely used in various industries. It is a cylindrical part that goes through the middle of the bearing or the middle of the wheel or the middle of the gear. It mainly supports the rotating parts and rotates with them to transmit motion and torque. Or bending moments of mechanical parts.

The role of the pump shaft is to support the impeller and other rotating parts, drive the impeller to rotate at a high speed at a certain working position and transmit the driving power. The shaft of the centrifugal pump rotates at a certain speed when it is working, and bears a large bending moment and torque. The shaft must have sufficient strength and geometric accuracy to minimize the adverse effects on the sealing performance and minimize the risk of wear and abrasion. Therefore, the shaft pump shaft plays a vital role in the water pump, and the shaft processing error It affects the operation of the entire water pump; the detection of the shaft requires the positioning of the rotating shaft. At present, there is no positioning structure suitable for shafts of various specifications and lengths, and the positioning operation is cumbersome.

For example, Chinese patent application 201220706824.7 discloses "drive shaft fixture and drive shaft test bench assembly", which proposes a clamp for clamping and fixing the drive shaft in the drive shaft experiment. This fixture needs manual intervention to clamp and fix the shaft. The degree of intelligent automation is low, and the drive shafts currently on the market have positioning surfaces. This tooling does not involve positioning the positioning surface, but simply rotates; and the structure involved is complicated. And the transmission shaft involved is too single, manual intervention makes clamping and fixing, and the action time is too long.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the deficiencies of the existing technology, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a positioning fixture and positioning method for transmission shafts of different specifications and lengths of water pumps, so as to achieve the purpose of simple and efficient operation.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

A positioning fixture for transmission shafts of different specifications and lengths for water pumps, including a bottom plate, and a tailstock positioning mechanism and a main shaft clamping and rotating mechanism for respectively positioning the two ends of the water pump transmission shaft. The tailstock positioning mechanism and the main shaft are clamped and rotated The mechanism can be slidably arranged on the bottom plate. The main shaft clamping and rotating mechanism is a rotatable clamping structure. Both the tailstock positioning mechanism and the main shaft clamping and rotating mechanism are provided with a top for supporting and positioning the corresponding end of the transmission shaft. Lifting cylinder receiving table.

The jacking cylinder material receiving platform includes a jacking cylinder and a material receiving block arranged at the upper end of the piston rod of the jacking cylinder, and a positioning groove is arranged on the material receiving block.

The tailstock positioning mechanism includes a tailstock and a positioning block arranged on the tailstock to position the end of the transmission shaft. The positioning block is provided with a positioning hole matching with one end of the transmission shaft.

The outer side of the positioning stopper is arranged on the tailstock through an elastic buffer structure, and a water pump transmission shaft in-position detection end face sensor is provided on the tailstock corresponding to the positioning stopper hole.

It also includes a milling flat surface sensor for detecting the flat surface of the transmission shaft. The tailstock is provided with a sensor jacking and positioning adjustment structure. The sensor jacking and positioning adjustment structure can adjust the position of the slide cylinder along the axial direction of the transmission shaft. The milling flat surface sensor is arranged on the cylinder of the slide table.

The main shaft clamping and rotating mechanism includes guide rail sliders, pneumatic grippers and a cylinder that the main shaft clamping and rotating mechanism pushes. The piston rod end of the cylinder driven by the tight rotation mechanism is correspondingly connected with the slide block of the guide rail.

The main shaft clamping and rotating mechanism also includes a pneumatic transition shaft and a servo motor; the pneumatic transition shaft is set on the guide rail slider through a bearing, the pneumatic gripper is set on the inner end of the pneumatic transition shaft, and the pneumatic transition shaft is provided with a synchronous wheel , The servo motor and the synchronous wheel are connected through a synchronous belt, and the outer end of the pneumatic transition shaft is provided with a relatively rotatable pneumatic rotary joint.

A positioning method for positioning the transmission shaft by using transmission shaft positioning fixtures of different specifications and lengths of the water pump, comprising the following steps:

1) Place the drive shaft of the water pump on the material receiving platform above the tailstock positioning mechanism and the spindle clamping and rotating mechanism manually or by a robot. After the material receiving platform has a material induction signal, the spindle clamping and rotating mechanism is pushed forward by its cylinder. Move forward to the shaft end face and stop in the tailstock positioning mechanism, and the jaws on it will clamp the drive shaft of the water pump;

2) The tailstock positioning mechanism moves forward under the drive of the moving component, and stops moving forward after the tailstock positioning mechanism senses that the end face of the shaft is in place, and the drive shaft of the water pump has been fixed;

3) There is a pair of photoelectric sensors on the top of the tailstock positioning mechanism. After the drive shaft of the water pump is fixed, the flat position of the shaft is detected under the push of the cylinder of the slide table, and the spindle clamping rotation mechanism drives the shaft to rotate, etc. After the photoelectric signal is output, the rotation is stopped, so that the shaft is positioned flat.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

The structure design of the drive shaft positioning fixture of different specifications and lengths of the water pump is reasonable, and materials can be placed manually or unloaded by a robot. After the material sensor senses that there is material, the fixture can automatically clamp and position, which promotes the intelligent automation of the industry and is easy to operate. ; Compared with the prior art, the structure is more stable, the feeding speed is faster and the efficiency is higher.

Description of drawings

The following is a brief description of the content expressed in the drawings of this manual and the marks in the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixture of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the transmission shaft of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the tailstock positioning mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic top view of the tailstock positioning mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the positioning adjustment structure of the lifting plate according to the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a first schematic diagram of the structure of the spindle clamping and rotating mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a second structural schematic diagram of the spindle clamping and rotating mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the pneumatic transition shaft of the present invention.

In the picture:

1. Tailstock positioning mechanism; 2. Spindle clamping and rotating mechanism; 3. Y-axis mobile module robot; 4. Water pump drive shaft; 5. Spindle clamping and rotating mechanism to push the cylinder; Sliding table structure; 8. Bottom plate; 9. Drag chain; 10. Guide rail slider; 11. Jacking cylinder material receiving platform;

101. Positioning block; 102. Elastic buffer structure; 103. Water pump drive shaft in-position detection end face sensor; 104. Finding and milling flat surface sensor; 105. Sliding table cylinder; 106. Sensor jacking and positioning adjustment structure. , 108, receiving block;

202, pneumatic rotary joint; 203, synchronous belt; 204, synchronous wheel; 205, servo motor; 206, pneumatic transition shaft; 207, pneumatic gripper; 208, fixed plate; 209, double bearing seat.

Detailed ways

The specific implementation manner of the present invention will be described in further detail below by describing the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1 to 8, the transmission shaft positioning fixtures of different specifications and lengths of the water pump include a bottom plate 8, a tailstock positioning mechanism 1 for positioning the two ends of the water pump transmission shaft 4, and a main shaft clamping and rotating mechanism 2. Both the seat positioning mechanism and the main shaft clamping and rotating mechanism can be slidably arranged on the bottom plate. The main shaft clamping and rotating mechanism is a rotatable clamping structure. The jacking cylinder material receiving table 11 of end support positioning.

The tailstock positioning mechanism is movably located on the base plate by the Y-axis mobile module robot 3, specifically on the base plate by the guide rail, and the bottom plate is provided with a drag chain 9 and a driving motor connected to the tailstock positioning mechanism. The main shaft clamping and rotating mechanism is arranged on the base plate through the guide rail slider 10, and the cylinder is pushed and moved by the main shaft clamping and rotating mechanism. And the flat noodle washing detection sensor 6 is provided on the tailstock positioning mechanism, and the flat noodle washing detection sensor is specifically movably arranged through the slide structure 7.

The jacking cylinder material receiving platform includes the jacking cylinder and the material receiving block 108 arranged at the upper end of the piston rod of the jacking cylinder. The material receiving block is provided with a positioning groove, and the transmission shaft can be initially positioned by the jacking cylinder material receiving platform. Just put the drive shaft on it, easy to operate.

The tailstock positioning mechanism includes a tailstock and a positioning stopper 101 arranged on the tailstock to position the end of the transmission shaft. The positioning stopper is provided with a positioning stopper hole matched with one end of the transmission shaft; The structure 102 is arranged on the tailstock, and a water pump transmission shaft in-position detection end face sensor 103 is provided on the tailstock corresponding to the positioning retaining hole; the positioning can be moved and buffered, controlled by the detection end face sensor, and the operation is simple.

The tailstock positioning mechanism also includes a milling flat surface sensor 104 for detecting the flat surface of the transmission shaft. The tailstock is provided with a sensor jacking positioning adjustment structure 106. The sensor jacking positioning adjustment structure can adjust the position along the axial direction of the transmission shaft. The slide table cylinder 105, the milling flat surface sensor is arranged on the slide table cylinder; the flat surface of the transmission shaft can be automatically detected by the milling flat surface sensor for positioning control. And the tailstock is provided with an air outlet dust removal joint 107 for dust removal.

The main shaft clamping and rotating mechanism includes guide rail sliders, pneumatic grippers 207, and the main shaft clamping and rotating mechanism pushes the cylinder 5. The mechanism pushes the end of the piston rod of the cylinder to correspond to the slide block of the guide rail.

The main shaft clamping and rotating mechanism also includes a pneumatic transition shaft and a servo motor; the guide rail slider is provided with a fixed plate 208, the fixed plate is vertically arranged, and the fixed plate is provided with double bearing seats 209, and the pneumatic transition shaft 206 is located on the fixed shaft through the double bearings. On the board, the pneumatic gripper is set on the inner end of the pneumatic transition shaft, and the synchronous wheel 204 is arranged on the pneumatic transition shaft. The pneumatic rotary joint 202.

A pneumatic rotary joint is used to over-connect the air circuit, and the servo motor drives the rotation; avoiding the entanglement of the air pipe line during the rotation, and the servo rotation is used to achieve a controllable angle rotation. Through the detection of the flat noodle washing detection sensor, the flat noodle washing detection sensor uses high-precision micro-spot photoelectricity to search for the flat position. The mechanism is simple and the induction is stable, avoiding the use of high-cost detection methods such as vision.

In the present invention, the positioning method for positioning the transmission shaft by using the transmission shaft positioning fixtures of different specifications and lengths of the water pump includes the following steps:

1) Place the drive shaft of the water pump on the material receiving platform above the tailstock positioning mechanism and the spindle clamping and rotating mechanism manually or by a robot. After the material receiving platform has a material induction signal, the spindle clamping and rotating mechanism is pushed forward by its cylinder. Move forward to the shaft end face and stop in the tailstock positioning mechanism, and the jaws on it will clamp the drive shaft of the water pump;

2) The tailstock positioning mechanism moves forward under the drive of the moving component, and stops moving forward after the tailstock positioning mechanism senses that the end face of the shaft is in place, and the drive shaft of the water pump has been fixed;

3) There is a pair of photoelectric sensors on the top of the tailstock positioning mechanism. After the drive shaft of the water pump is fixed, the flat position of the shaft is detected under the push of the cylinder of the slide table, and the spindle clamping rotation mechanism drives the shaft to rotate, etc. After the photoelectric signal is output, the rotation is stopped, so that the shaft is positioned flat.

The present invention can adopt manual placement of materials or manipulator discharge of materials. After the material sensor senses that there is material, the clamp can be automatically clamped and positioned, which promotes the intelligent automation of the industry and is easy to operate. Compared with the prior art, the structure is more stable, The feeding speed is faster and the efficiency is higher.

Preferred specific examples are:

The drive shaft positioning fixture of different specifications and lengths of the water pump mainly includes three parts, namely: tailstock positioning mechanism 1, spindle clamping and rotating mechanism 2, and Y-axis moving module robot 3.

Action principle: First, the first part places the pump drive shaft on the material receiving table above the tailstock positioning mechanism and the spindle clamping and rotating mechanism by manual or mechanical hands. After the material receiving table has a material induction signal, the spindle clamping and rotating mechanism passes through it. The cylinder pushes and moves forward until the end surface of the shaft tops and stops in the tailstock positioning mechanism, and the jaws on it clamp the transmission shaft of the water pump. In the second part, the tailstock positioning mechanism moves forward under the drive of the Y-axis moving module robot, and stops moving forward after the tailstock positioning mechanism senses that the end face of the shaft is in place. In the third part, the drive shaft of the water pump has been fixed in two actions of one and two.

There are a pair of high-precision cross-beam photoelectrics on the two sliding table cylinders of the tailstock positioning mechanism (the light spot is very thin and close to 0.1mm). After the drive shaft of the water pump is fixed, the flat position of the shaft is detected under the push of the sliding table cylinder. The main shaft is clamped and rotated by the rotating mechanism to drive the shaft to rotate. After the photoelectric signal is output, the rotation is stopped, so that the shaft is positioned flat.

Tailstock positioning mechanism, including positioning stopper; elastic buffer mechanism; water pump drive shaft in-position detection end face sensor; milling flat surface sensor; slide table cylinder; sensor jacking positioning adjustment mechanism; dust outlet and dust removal; jacking cylinder material receiving platform. Action principle: After the first action above is completed, the tailstock positioning mechanism moves forward under the drive of the Y-axis moving module robot, and the opposite force is exerted on the shaft under the pressure of the elastic buffer mechanism and the specific V-shaped positioning block The advanced guide mechanism ensures that the position of the shaft is shifted in the direction of movement. The sensor jacking positioning adjustment mechanism is positioned through the groove type of the plate, and the U-shaped groove is used for height adjustment.

Spindle clamping and rotating mechanism, including spindle clamping and rotating mechanism driving cylinder, pneumatic rotary joint, synchronous belt, synchronous wheel, servo motor, pneumatic transition shaft, jaw cylinder, jacking cylinder material receiving table, double bearing seat, fixing mechanism, Rail sliders. Action principle: After the above first action is completed, after the jacking cylinder material receiving table senses a material signal, the spindle clamping and rotating mechanism is pushed forward and the shaft end surface is retracted to the position where the jaw end surface fits, and the jaw cylinder starts Clamp the drive shaft of the water pump, and wait for the tailstock positioning mechanism to give the signal that the drive shaft of the water pump is in place, and then the clamping jaw cylinder will rotate under the action of the servo motor through the synchronous belt and synchronous wheel to find the position for washing flat noodles, and then find the washing flat noodles Fully up, the tailstock positioning mechanism will give the servo motor a stop rotation pattern, which will completely position and fix the water pump drive shaft. The function of the pneumatic rotary adapter and the pneumatic transition shaft is to prevent the trachea from being entangled when the servo motor drives the gripper cylinder to rotate. The main purpose of the pneumatic rotary adapter is to avoid the entanglement of the trachea. The pneumatic transition shaft is for ventilation, leading the air to the gripper in the cylinder.

The present invention has been exemplarily described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited by the above methods, as long as various insubstantial improvements are made using the concept and technical solutions of the present invention, or the present invention will be If the concept and technical solutions of the present invention are directly applied to other occasions, they all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A method for positioning a transmission shaft by using transmission shaft positioning fixtures with different specifications and lengths of a water pump is characterized in that:

the water pump transmission shaft positioning fixtures with different specifications and lengths comprise a bottom plate, a tailstock positioning mechanism and a main shaft clamping and rotating mechanism, wherein the tailstock positioning mechanism and the main shaft clamping and rotating mechanism are used for respectively positioning two ends of a water pump transmission shaft;

the positioning method comprises the following steps:

1) After the material receiving table has a material sensing signal, the main shaft clamping and rotating mechanism is pushed by an air cylinder of the main shaft clamping and rotating mechanism to move forwards until the end face of the shaft is pushed to the tailstock positioning mechanism to stop, and a clamping jaw on the main shaft clamping and rotating mechanism clamps the transmission shaft of the water pump;

2) The tailstock positioning mechanism is driven by the moving assembly to move forwards, and stops moving forwards after the tailstock positioning mechanism senses that the end face of the shaft is in place, so that a transmission shaft of the water pump is fixed;

3) A pair of opposed photoelectric sensors is arranged on the tailstock positioning mechanism, when a transmission shaft of the water pump is fixed, the flat position of the shaft is detected under the pushing of a sliding table air cylinder, the main shaft clamping and rotating mechanism drives the shaft to rotate, and when the opposed photoelectric sensors output signals, the shaft stops rotating, so that the flat position of the shaft is positioned.

2. The positioning method of claim 1, wherein: the jacking cylinder material receiving table comprises a jacking cylinder and a material receiving block arranged at the upper end of a piston rod of the jacking cylinder, and a positioning groove is formed in the material receiving block.

3. The positioning method of claim 1, wherein: the tailstock positioning mechanism comprises a tailstock and a positioning stop block arranged on the tailstock and used for positioning the end part of the transmission shaft, and a positioning stop hole matched with one end part of the transmission shaft is formed in the positioning stop block.

4. The positioning method of claim 3, wherein: the outer side of the positioning stop block is arranged on the tailstock through an elastic buffer structure, and a water pump transmission shaft in-place detection end face sensor is arranged on the tailstock corresponding to the positioning stop hole.

5. The positioning method of claim 4, wherein: the flat surface sensor is further arranged on the detection device, the flat surface sensor is used for detecting the flat surface of the transmission shaft, the sensor jacking positioning adjusting structure is arranged on the tailstock, the sensor jacking positioning adjusting structure can follow the sliding table cylinder of the axial adjusting position of the transmission shaft, and the flat surface sensor is arranged on the sliding table cylinder in a finding and milling mode.

6. The positioning method of claim 1, wherein: the spindle clamping and rotating mechanism comprises a guide rail sliding block, a pneumatic clamping jaw and a spindle clamping and rotating mechanism pushing cylinder, the pneumatic clamping jaw is arranged on the guide rail sliding block, the spindle clamping and rotating mechanism pushing cylinder is arranged on the bottom plate, and the end part of a piston rod of the spindle clamping and rotating mechanism pushing cylinder is correspondingly connected with the guide rail sliding block.

7. The positioning method of claim 6, wherein: the main shaft clamping and rotating mechanism further comprises a pneumatic transition shaft and a servo motor; the pneumatic transition shaft is arranged on the guide rail sliding block through a bearing, the pneumatic clamping jaw is arranged at the inner end of the pneumatic transition shaft, the pneumatic transition shaft is provided with a synchronizing wheel, the servo motor is connected with the synchronizing wheel through a synchronizing belt, and the outer end of the pneumatic transition shaft is provided with a pneumatic rotary joint capable of rotating relatively.

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