CN112693914B

CN112693914B - An automatic cleaning system

Info

Publication number: CN112693914B
Application number: CN202110158265.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄天祥; 黄慧敏
Original assignee: YOULIHUA BUILDING MATERIALS (HUIZHOU) CO Ltd
Current assignee: YOULIHUA BUILDING MATERIALS (HUIZHOU) CO Ltd
Priority date: 2021-02-05
Filing date: 2021-02-05
Publication date: 2025-02-07
Anticipated expiration: 2041-02-05
Also published as: CN112693914A

Abstract

The present invention discloses an automatic cleaning system, comprising: four stations evenly distributed on a circumference and a central circulation device located in the middle of the four stations; the central circulation device drives the hopper to circulate in a cycle and enter the four stations in sequence; the four stations include: station 1 for loading and weighing, station 2 for feeding and receiving hoppers, station 3 for removing residual materials in the hopper, and station 4 for cleaning the hopper. The system transfers the hopper between the four stations through the central circulation device, realizes the automation of the whole process from receiving hoppers, cleaning, loading to feeding hoppers, and greatly improves the operation efficiency and safety.

Description

Automatic cleaning system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of buildings, in particular to an automatic cleaning system.

Background

In the construction field, hoppers are commonly used as transport carriers for cement concrete. However, after the hopper is used, the hopper needs to be cleaned, and the residual materials in the hopper are cleaned. In the prior art, a manual mode is generally adopted to clean the hopper, so that the operation efficiency is low and the safety is not high.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing an automatic cleaning system for improving the working efficiency and safety of hopper cleaning and realizing automatic operation.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

An automatic cleaning system comprises four stations circumferentially distributed on a circumference and a central circulation device positioned in the middle of the four stations, wherein the central circulation device comprises an integral support, a track, a main planetary driving mechanism and four loading hopper devices, the main planetary driving mechanism is used for carrying hoppers, the four loading hopper devices are driven by the main planetary driving mechanism to circulate in a cycle, the four stations enter the four stations in sequence, the four stations are a station 1 positioned below the blanking device and provided with a weighing mechanism, a station 2 provided with a lifting platform mechanism, a station 3 provided with a hopper opening mechanism and a station 4 provided with another hopper opening mechanism and a cleaning mechanism, wherein,

The station 1 is used for charging the hopper if the cleaned hopper which flows from the station 4 in the period, and weighing the hopper through a weighing mechanism so that the charging is stopped when the hopper reaches the specified weight;

A station No.2 for collecting the hopper to be cleaned carried by the carrier vehicle from the carrier vehicle by the elevating platform mechanism if the station does not have a hopper in the present period and transferring the hopper to be cleaned to the station No. 3 in the next period, or transferring the filled hopper to the carrier vehicle by the elevating platform mechanism if the station has the filled hopper transferred from the station No.1 in the present period;

A station No. 3, which is used for opening the hopper to be cleaned through the hopper opening mechanism of the station to remove the residual materials if the station has the hopper to be cleaned which flows from the station No.2 in the present period;

And the station No. 4 is used for opening the hopper to be cleaned through a hopper opening mechanism of the station if the station is provided with the hopper to be cleaned which flows from the station No. 3 in the period, spraying high-pressure water flow to clean the hopper to be cleaned through a cleaning mechanism, and flowing the cleaned hopper to the station No. 1 in the next period.

Wherein, in order to facilitate unified management and realize the unified operation of the whole flow, the system can be provided with a control box for uniformly controlling the central circulation device and each device of four stations. The control box can use a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller ) as a main control device.

In a possible implementation mode, the integral support and the track comprise a support mechanism with a circular track, a gear arranged at the center of the support mechanism, a hydraulic motor used for driving the gear and an encoder, wherein the main planetary driving mechanism comprises an integral support with a driven wheel in the middle, the integral support is provided with four end parts corresponding to four stations respectively, the bottom surface of each end part is provided with a moving wheel running on the circular track, the driven wheel is connected with the gear in a meshed manner and drives the integral support to rotate under the driving of the gear, the four bucket loading devices are respectively arranged on the four end parts of the integral support, each bucket loading device comprises a detachable lifting platform arranged at the end part, and a plurality of limiting block assemblies used for positioning a loaded bucket are arranged on the lifting platform.

In a possible implementation manner, the weighing mechanism comprises an electronic scale assembly and a first hydraulic cylinder capable of jacking the electronic scale assembly, and when the electronic scale assembly is required to weigh, the first hydraulic cylinder drives the electronic scale assembly to lift the bucket loading device and the bucket loaded by the bucket loading device upwards together, so that the electronic scale assembly weighs the bucket.

In a possible implementation mode, the weighing mechanism further comprises a main body supporting frame, a plurality of first copper sleeve assemblies are arranged at the top of the main body supporting frame, a plurality of guide shafts are movably arranged in the plurality of first copper sleeve assemblies, the electronic scale assembly is arranged at the top of the plurality of guide shafts, a position sensing piece is further arranged at the lower end of at least one guide shaft, and a rising in-place sensor and a first falling in-place sensor which are matched with the position sensing piece are further arranged on the main body supporting frame.

In a possible implementation manner, the lifting table mechanism comprises a lifting device capable of moving in the vertical direction, a second hydraulic cylinder driving the lifting device to lift through a connecting piece, and a first support for bearing the lifting device and the second hydraulic cylinder, wherein a descending sensor for detecting whether the lifting device descends in place or not and a lifting sensor for detecting whether the lifting device ascends in place or not are arranged on the first support.

In a possible implementation manner, the station 2 is further provided with a blocking mechanism for blocking and positioning the main planetary driving mechanism in each period, the blocking mechanism comprises a fixed support, a second copper sleeve component is arranged on the fixed support, a gear shaft is arranged in the second copper sleeve component, a first cylinder for driving the gear shaft to rise or fall is further arranged on the fixed support, blocking and positioning the main planetary driving mechanism is realized when the gear shaft rises, a rising position sensor and a second falling position sensor for detecting movement of the gear shaft are further arranged on the fixed support, and a buffer rubber column matched with the gear shaft is further arranged on the main planetary driving mechanism.

In a possible implementation manner, the hopper opening mechanism comprises an opening hook pushing block driven by an opening hook cylinder, a hook device for pushing the hopper open, a hopper opening arm driven by a motor, a connecting rod mechanism for pushing down or pushing the hopper to open or close the hopper opening, a sensor for detecting the forward or backward movement of the opening hook cylinder, and a sensor for detecting the movement position of the hopper opening arm.

In a possible implementation manner, the opening hook pushing block is arranged at the front ends of two pushing rods, the two pushing rods are arranged in two linear bearings, springs positioned between the linear bearings and the opening hook pushing block are sleeved on the pushing rods, the two linear bearings are fixed on the sliding base, the sliding base is arranged on the sliding rail, and the opening hook cylinder drives the opening hook pushing block to move by driving the sliding base to move on the sliding rail.

In a possible implementation manner, the cleaning mechanism comprises a hopper cover plate for covering an opening of a hopper, a spray head for spraying high-pressure water flow into the hopper, a water inlet pipe interface connected with the spray head, a lifting cylinder for driving the spray head and the hopper cover plate to ascend or descend, and an ascending in-place sensor and a third descending in-place sensor for detecting movement of the lifting cylinder.

In one possible implementation, each station is further provided with a hopper in-place sensor for detecting whether the hopper is in place.

From the above technical solutions, the embodiment of the present invention has the following advantages:

The automatic cleaning system provided by the invention is provided with four stations, including a station No. 1 for charging and weighing, a station No. 2 for feeding and receiving the hopper, a station No. 3 for cleaning the surplus materials of the hopper and a station No. 4 for cleaning the hopper, and the system circulates the hopper among the four stations through the central circulation device and is in seamless connection with the transport vehicle and the blanking device, so that the automatic operation of the whole flow from the receiving hopper, cleaning and charging to the feeding hopper is realized, and the operation efficiency and safety are greatly improved.

The system also has the following characteristics:

1. The hopper and the transport vehicle exist independently and are in a separated state, and the hopper and the transport vehicle are not mutually influenced. The transport vehicle can continue to run when the hopper is cleaned, so that the transport efficiency is improved.

2. The four stations can be used simultaneously without collision, thereby saving time and improving discharging efficiency.

3. In the use process, if any hopper is in question, only the hopper is required to be adjusted, and the use of other stations is not affected.

4. The required concrete amount can be weighed according to the requirement, so that the blanking is accurate, and the concrete is not wasted.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments and the prior art will be briefly described below.

FIG. 1 is a schematic exploded view of an automatic cleaning system according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an automatic cleaning system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a weighing mechanism in one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a lift mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a blocking mechanism in one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the hopper opening mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of a cleaning mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the integral bracket and rail in one embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a main planetary drive mechanism and a bucket arrangement in one embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present invention, a technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

The following is a detailed description of specific examples.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic cleaning system. The system comprises four stations which are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on a circumference and a central circulation device positioned in the middle of the four stations. The four stations sequentially comprise a station No. 1 for charging and weighing, a station No. 2 for feeding and receiving the hopper, a station No. 3 for clearing the surplus materials of the hopper and a station No. 4 for cleaning the hopper. According to the system, the hopper is circulated among four stations through the central circulation device, so that the full-flow automatic operation from the receiving hopper, cleaning and charging to the feeding hopper is realized, and the operation efficiency and the safety are improved.

The central circulation device comprises an integral support, a track 5, a main planetary driving mechanism 4 and four bucket loading devices 6, wherein the main planetary driving mechanism 4 is in rotary motion on the integral support and the track 5, the four bucket loading devices 6 are arranged on the main planetary driving mechanism 4 and are used for loading buckets, circulation is carried out under the drive of the main planetary driving mechanism 4 according to a period, and the four bucket loading devices enter four stations in sequence.

Of the four stations, station 1 is located below the blanking device, a weighing mechanism 1 is installed, lifting table mechanisms 2 are installed on station 2, a hopper opening mechanism 7 is installed on station 3, and another hopper opening mechanism 7 and a cleaning mechanism 8 are installed on station 4. The function of each station is as follows.

And the station 1 is a charging and weighing station and is used for charging the hopper if the station has a cleaned hopper which flows from the station 4 in the period, weighing the hopper through the weighing mechanism 1, stopping charging when the hopper reaches the specified weight, and flowing the charged hopper to the station 2 in the next period.

And the station No. 2 is a feeding hopper and receiving hopper station and is used for collecting the hopper to be cleaned carried by the transport vehicle from the transport vehicle through the lifting table mechanism 2 and transferring the hopper to be cleaned to the station No. 3 in the next period if the station does not have the hopper in the period, or transferring the filled hopper to the transport vehicle through the lifting table mechanism 2 if the station has the filled hopper transferred from the station No.1 in the period.

And the station No. 3 is a station for removing the excess materials of the hopper, and is used for opening the hopper to be cleaned through a hopper opening mechanism 7 of the station to remove the excess materials if the station has the hopper to be cleaned which flows from the station No. 2 in the period, and flowing the hopper to be cleaned to the station No.4 in the next period.

The station No. 4 is a cleaning hopper station, and is used for opening the hopper to be cleaned through a hopper opening mechanism 7 of the station if the station has the hopper to be cleaned which flows from the station No. 3 in the period, cleaning the hopper to be cleaned through high-pressure water flow sprayed by a cleaning mechanism 8, and transferring the cleaned hopper to the station No. 1 in the next period.

Further, station 2 may also be equipped with a blocking mechanism 3 for blocking the positioning of the primary planetary drive mechanism 4 during each cycle.

Further, each station is further provided with a hopper in-place sensor for detecting whether the hopper is in place, and specifically comprises a hopper in-place sensor 902 for detecting whether the hopper of station 2 is in place, a hopper in-place sensor 903 for detecting whether the hopper of station 3 is in place, a hopper in-place sensor 904 for detecting whether the hopper of station 4 is in place, and a hopper in-place sensor 901 for detecting whether the hopper of station 1 is in place.

Further, in order to facilitate unified management and realize unified operation of the whole process, the system may be provided with a control box for uniformly controlling the central circulation device and each of the four stations.

The components of the system are further described below.

Referring to fig. 3, a schematic structural diagram of the weighing mechanism 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The weighing mechanism 1 is mainly used for weighing a hopper and providing concrete weight data during discharging. Is used for calculating the production dosage and reducing the waste of materials. The weighing mechanism 1 mainly comprises the following components:

An electronic scale assembly 101, which is used to weigh the hopper. When the concrete weight measuring device is applied, the total weight of the bucket loading device 6 and the bucket loaded by the bucket loading device is weighed, and the weight of the bucket loading device 6 and the weight of the bucket are removed, so that the weight data of the concrete in the bucket are obtained. The assembly may be comprised of a weighing device and an electronic scale system. When the weight of the concrete in the hopper reaches the requirement, the electronic scale system sends a signal to a control electric box (control center), and the control center controls the blanking device to stop blanking. The assembly may consist of 4 weighing modules.

The first copper sheathing assembly 102 is used to fix the guide shaft 103 against left and right movement and guiding action. The assembly has four groups.

The guide shaft 103 is provided with 4 identical guide shafts 103, and is used for guiding and limiting when the first hydraulic cylinder lifts the hopper.

The first hydraulic cylinder 104 is mainly used for lifting the hopper. Specifically, the bucket loading device and the bucket supported by the bucket loading device are lifted together.

And a lifting in-place sensor 105, which is sensed by the position sensing piece when the hopper is lifted in place. At this time, the sensor transmits a signal to a PLC in the control electric box of the automatic cleaning system, and the PLC transmits an instruction to close the solenoid valve corresponding to the first hydraulic cylinder 104, thereby stopping the first hydraulic cylinder 104.

The position sensing piece 106, which can be made of iron, is fixed at the lower end of one of the corresponding guide shafts and moves up and down together with the guide shaft so as to achieve the effect of switching on and off the sensor to control the first hydraulic cylinder.

A first lowering in position sensor 107 which the position sensing tab senses when the hopper is lowered into position. At this time, the sensor transmits a signal to a PLC in the control electric box of the automatic cleaning system, and the PLC transmits an instruction to close the solenoid valve corresponding to the first hydraulic cylinder 104, thereby stopping the first hydraulic cylinder 104.

Body support 108. As a support member for the other components of the weighing mechanism 1, the other components are mounted on the subject support 108.

Referring to fig. 4, a schematic structural diagram of the elevating platform assembly 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The elevating platform assembly 2 is mainly used as a connecting tool between a transport vehicle and an automatic cleaning system. The station 2 is used for unloading the hopper on the transport vehicle when the station 2 does not have the hopper, and is used for lifting the transport vehicle hopper when the station 2 has the hopper.

The elevating platform assembly 2 mainly comprises the following components:

The lifting device 201 is a connecting rod mechanism and consists of square support rods, pulleys, bearings and the like, and can be deformed in the vertical direction so as to change the height. The device is driven by a second hydraulic cylinder 203 to move up and down for taking and receiving the bucket.

The connecting piece 202 is used for connecting the second hydraulic cylinder 203 with the lifting device 201.

And the second hydraulic cylinder 203 is used for driving the lifting device to lift through the connecting piece 202.

And a descending sensor 204, which outputs a signal when the lifting device descends to the proper position, and the second hydraulic cylinder stops.

And a lifting sensor 205, which outputs a signal when the lifting device is lifted in place, and the second hydraulic cylinder is stopped.

The first bracket 206 is used for placing accessories such as a lifting device, a second hydraulic cylinder and the like.

Referring to fig. 5, a schematic structural diagram of the blocking mechanism 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The main function of the blocking mechanism 3 is to control the main planetary drive mechanism 4 to stop positioning, providing a more stable method for accurately connecting the truck with the automatic cleaning system when the truck is unloaded.

The blocking mechanism 3 mainly comprises the following components:

The second copper sleeve component 301 is used for guiding and fixing the baffle shaft. The second copper sleeve component has two in total.

The blocking shaft 302 is pushed or pulled back by the cylinder to block or pass the bucket device.

And the ascending in-place sensor 303 is used for controlling the PLC in the electric box to send out an instruction according to the signal when the air cylinder pushes the baffle shaft to ascend to the sensor to output the signal, so that the electromagnetic valve corresponding to the air cylinder is closed, and the air cylinder is stopped.

The first cylinder 304 is used for pushing out or pulling back the baffle shaft.

And the second descent position sensor 305 is used for controlling the PLC in the electric box to send out a command according to a signal when the first cylinder pushes the baffle shaft to descend to the sensor for outputting the signal, so that the electromagnetic valve corresponding to the first cylinder is closed, and the first cylinder is stopped.

The fixing bracket 306 is used for fixing the components (fittings and workpieces).

Referring to fig. 6, a schematic structural diagram of the hopper opening mechanism 7 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The two hopper opening mechanisms 7 are respectively arranged on the stations No. 3 and No. 4 and are used for opening the hopper opening to discharge the residual materials, cleaning materials and the like in the hopper.

The hopper opening mechanism 7 mainly comprises the following components:

Spring 701 is used for buffering the impact force when the hook opening cylinder moves forwards. The springs are two in number and sleeved on the two push rods.

Linear bearings 702 for guiding and securing the push rod. The two bearings are arranged in total, and the two push rods are respectively arranged in the two bearings and can slide back and forth in the bearings.

And the cylinder advancing sensor 703 is used for sending a signal to the control electric box PLC when the hook opening cylinder advances in place, so that the corresponding electromagnetic valve of the cylinder is closed, and the cylinder is stopped.

The hooking cylinder 704 pushes the push rod before the hopper is required to be opened, and the hooking device on the hopper is opened by the hooking push block 714 at the front end of the push rod.

And a cylinder retreating sensor 705, wherein when the hook opening cylinder receives a signal to retract, the sensor sends a signal to a control electric box PLC, so that the corresponding electromagnetic valve of the cylinder is closed, and the cylinder is stopped.

And the bucket opening motor 706 is used for outputting power to drive the bucket opening arm to move so as to realize the opening of the hopper opening and the hopper opening of the pipe wall. The motor is controlled to be switched on and off by a corresponding frequency converter.

Mounting base 707 is used to mount and secure the components of the entire bucket mechanism.

The home sensor 708 is such that the hopper opening arm is stopped when the hopper opening mechanism is not operating or waiting to operate.

Guan Liaodou sensor 709. When the bucket is needed to be closed, the bucket opening motor can drive the bucket opening arm to move, and when the sensor is sensed, the motor stops.

And the hopper opening sensor 710 is used for driving the hopper opening arm to move when the hopper opening motor is required to open the hopper, and stopping the motor after the sensor is sensed.

The opening arm 711 is a link mechanism for pressing down or pushing the hopper to open or close the hopper opening.

The coupler 712 is used for connecting the output shaft of the bucket opening motor and the bucket opening arm so that the motor outputs power to the bucket opening arm.

The sliding rail 713 is used for limiting and linear guiding when the air cylinder drives the push rod to move forwards and backwards. The two linear bearings 702 and the two push rods, the hook-opening push blocks, etc. mounted thereon are mounted on a slide base that slides on the slide rail 713 driven by the cylinder.

The unhooking push block 714 is a hooking device for pushing away the hopper, which is used together with a spring, a linear bearing, a unhooking cylinder, etc.

Referring to fig. 7, a schematic structural diagram of the cleaning mechanism 8 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The cleaning mechanism 8 is arranged at the station No. 4 and has the main functions of covering the top of the hopper and spraying high-pressure water to flush the concrete in the hopper out of the hopper.

The cleaning mechanism 8 mainly includes the following components:

Lifting cylinder 801 for driving the cleaning nozzle and the hopper cover plate to move up and down.

The guide shaft 802 is used for guiding the cleaning workpiece (comprising a spray head and a hopper cover plate) to move up and down by the lifting cylinder.

The water inlet pipe connector 803 is used for connecting a water inlet pipe and conveying water flow to the spray head.

And a hopper cover plate 804, under which waterproof cotton can be arranged, when the hopper reaches station No. 4 to be cleaned, the lifting cylinder drives the hopper cover plate to press down, and the waterproof cotton is tightly adhered to the hopper opening for preventing water from overflowing when the hopper is cleaned.

Spray head 805 for spraying high pressure water flow to clean the inside of the bucket.

Rise in place sensor 807 for sensing whether lifting cylinder 801 is in place. When the sensor outputs a signal, a PLC in the control electric box sends out a command to enable the hopper opening mechanism of the station to act.

A third lowering position sensor 808 senses whether the lift cylinder 801 is lowered into position. When the sensor outputs a signal, the PLC in the control electric box can start the booster water pump according to the signal instruction so as to clean the hopper.

Referring to fig. 8, a schematic structural diagram of the integral bracket and rail 5 according to an embodiment of the invention is shown. The whole support and the track 5 are used as a main body bearing mechanism of the whole system and mainly comprise the following components:

The bracket mechanism 501 is formed by assembling arc-shaped I-steel, a circular column and other parts, and comprises a central circular column, a peripheral circular rail and a plurality of connecting pieces for connecting the central circular column and the peripheral circular rail, wherein the bottom of the central circular column is supported on the ground, and supporting legs are arranged below the peripheral circular rail. The carrier mechanism 501 with circular orbit makes the main planetary driving mechanism 4 and the carrier device 6 round on the circular orbit with the center circular cylinder as the center.

Gear 502 is provided at the top end of the central circular cylinder of the bracket mechanism 501. The gear 502 is a driving gear, and is rotated by a hydraulic motor 503, so as to drive the driven wheel on the main planetary driving mechanism 4 to rotate, and further drive the bucket device 6 to move on the circumference.

The hydraulic motor 503 is arranged on the bracket mechanism 501 and is used for outputting power to drive the gear 502 to rotate so as to drive the main planetary driving mechanism 4 to move. The hydraulic motor 503 may be controlled by the on-off of the corresponding solenoid valve of the hydraulic station.

The encoder 504 is arranged at the central position of an encoder fixing bracket, the bracket is fixed at the upper surface position of a central circular cylinder in the bracket mechanism 501, the center of the encoder coincides with the center of the central circular cylinder in the bracket mechanism 501, a connecting frame is fixed on an output shaft of the encoder, and two ends of the connecting frame are fixed on the driven wheel 405. When the hydraulic motor 503 drives the bucket device 6 to rotate through the gear 502, the shaft of the encoder 504 will also rotate, so that a pulse signal will be sent to the control box to feed back the position of the bucket device 6.

Referring to fig. 9, a schematic structural diagram of the main planetary driving mechanism 4 and the carrier device 6 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The main planetary driving mechanism 4 is arranged on the integral support and the track 5 and can rotate on the integral support and the track 5, and the bucket loading device 6 for loading the bucket is arranged on the main planetary driving mechanism 4 so as to drive the bucket to flow to different stations.

The main planetary drive mechanism 4 comprises the following components:

the integral bracket 401 is mainly formed by welding I-steel according to design requirements. And plays a role in bearing and connecting. The integral bracket 401 has four ends corresponding to the four stations, respectively.

The bottom surface of each end part of the integral support 401 is provided with 2 moving wheels 404, 8 moving wheels 404 are arranged on the whole main planetary driving mechanism 4, and the moving wheels 404 run on the circular orbit of the integral support and the orbit 5, and mainly have the effects of reducing resistance and being easy to start when the whole mechanism rotates.

The driven wheel 405 is arranged at the center of the integral bracket 401. The driven wheel is in meshed connection with gear 502. The hydraulic motor 503 drives the gear 502 as a driving wheel to output power to drive the driven wheel 405 to rotate, and the driven wheel 405 and the integral support 401 are fixed together, so as to drive the integral support 401 to rotate, and finally, the rotary motion of the whole main planetary driving mechanism 4 is realized.

Cushion rubber columns 406. A plurality of cushion rubber columns 406 can be arranged at proper positions of the integral support 401, and the cushion rubber columns 406 are matched with the baffle shaft 302 of the blocking mechanism 3. Specifically, the number of the buffer glue columns can be 4 in total. When the main planetary driving mechanism 4 drives the hopper device 6 to reach the station No. 2 each time, the buffer glue column 406 is extruded to the baffle shaft 302 due to movement inertia, so that a buffer effect is achieved. Moreover, the positioning block can be further arranged below the automatic cleaning device, and the problem of inaccurate position of the automatic cleaning system and the falling hopper on the transport vehicle can be solved only by adjusting the position of the positioning block and matching with the baffle shaft.

The total of 4 loading hopper devices 6 are respectively arranged on four ends of the integral support 401 of the main planetary driving mechanism 4. The bucket assembly 6 may include:

a liftable platform 601, which is mainly used for placing the hopper, is detachably arranged at the end of the integral bracket 401. The liftable platform can be supported by other power mechanisms to move up and down within the required range so as to achieve the required effect.

Stopper assemblies 602 a number of stopper assemblies 602 are provided on the liftable platform 402 for positioning the loaded hopper. The limiting block assembly 602 is used for preventing the hopper from moving when being placed on the hopper loading device, so that the hopper can be smoothly taken and placed every time, and the safety protection function is realized. The assembly is divided into 16 groups, each liftable platform 402 is provided with 4 groups, each group is composed of 4 ladder-shaped metal blocks, the inclined plane of each metal block is inward and surrounds to form a groove with a large upper part and a small lower part, and the main effect is that the base of the hopper can smoothly enter the groove formed by surrounding the assembly, limit the base of the hopper and prevent the hopper from moving.

In some embodiments, the operation flow of the automatic cleaning system of the present invention comprises the following steps:

S01, at the beginning, empty hoppers are arranged on stations 1,3 and 4 of the automatic cleaning system.

S02, when the control center operator presses a blanking key, the following operation is executed.

S03, the automatic cleaning system controls an electric box (a controller) to output signals, so that a hydraulic station is started to enable a first hydraulic cylinder 104 of a station No. 1 to be lifted, at the moment, the first hydraulic cylinder pushes a lifting platform 601 of the station to leave an integral support 401, at the same time, a weighing mechanism 1 of the station can weigh the weight of the lifting platform and the weight of a bucket, automatically weigh and peel, a discharging device is opened, when concrete falls into the bucket, the weighing mechanism returns weight information in real time, if the specified weight is reached, the discharging device is immediately closed, and discharging is stopped. The automatic cleaning system controller outputs a signal again to cause the hydraulic station to control the first hydraulic cylinder to descend until the lower position senses the position 107. At this point, the liftable platform 601 has been returned to the integral support 401 to await further operation.

S04, when the station No. 1 is used for discharging, a hopper which is carried by a transport vehicle and needs to be cleaned is driven to the position above the station No. 2. When the transport vehicle is aligned and stopped, the automatic cleaning system controls the electric box to output a signal, so that the hydraulic station starts the second hydraulic cylinder 203 of the station No. 2 to lift the liftable platform 601 of the station until the sensor is in place. If the hopper is slightly displaced, the stop block assembly 602 is activated and the inclined surface of the stop block will strike the hopper foot plate to correct the position of the hopper on the liftable platform. After the liftable platform is lifted to the highest position sensor with the hopper, the automatic cleaning system controller can send a signal to the transportation handle lock hopper device to be opened, after the automatic cleaning system is opened, the transportation vehicle can send a signal to the automatic cleaning system, the system control electric box outputs a signal, the hydraulic station starts the second hydraulic cylinder 203 to descend until the sensor 204 is in place, meanwhile, the liftable platform can also return to the integral support 401, and after the actions are completed, the transportation vehicle leaves the station No. 2.

S05, after the actions are completed, a sensor 902 of the station No.2 can check whether the positions of the hopper and the bucket on the lifting platform 601 of the station are correct, after a determining signal is received, the system can control the first cylinder 304 to retract the blocking shaft 302 until the second descending sensor 305 is triggered, then the PLC can instruct the hydraulic motor to drive the main planetary driving mechanism 4 to rotate, so that the bucket carrying device 6 carries the empty hopper to rotate away from the transport vehicle, and the encoder 504 can immediately return rotation information to the controller at the same time. When the main planetary driving mechanism 4 rotates to the designated position, the controller can start the first air cylinder 304 again to lift the blocking shaft until the ascending position sensor 303 is triggered, and at the moment, the main planetary driving mechanism 4 continues to rotate until the buffer rubber column on the carrier device is extruded to the blocking shaft 302.

S06, at the moment, the position of the upper hopper of the main planetary driving mechanism 4 is just changed from the position to the other position, the hopper which is just full of the material just under the station 1 originally is just rotated to the position below the station 2 transport vehicle, the sensor 902 is triggered, the control box controls the second hydraulic cylinder 203 of the station 2 to lift the lifting device, so that the lifting platform 601 and the hopper are lifted together until the sensor 205 is triggered, after the sensor 205 is triggered, the automatic cleaning system sends a signal to the transport vehicle, the on-vehicle hopper-pinning device pins and returns the signal to the cleaning system, and the system starts the second hydraulic cylinder 203 again to lower the lifting device until the sensor 204 is triggered, and sends the signal to the transport vehicle, at the moment, the transport vehicle leaves the cleaning system.

S07, carrying out blanking according to the description of the step S03 when a blanking instruction is received at the station 1 at the same time of carrying the hopper.

S08, on the other hand, the station sensor 903 at the same time is triggered, the system starts the bucket opening motor and rotates anticlockwise, the bucket opening arm is rotated through the coupler until the bucket closing sensor is triggered, the aim is to push the arm of the bucket first, the tensioning force of the bucket locking device is reduced, then the hook opening cylinder is started, the push rod is pushed forward until the cylinder advancing sensor is triggered, and the spring, the linear bearing and the hook opening pushing block are driven when the push rod is pushed forward. Because the locking device of each hopper has different tightness, the spring can play a buffering role when the opening hook pushing block contacts with the locking device of the hopper. If the lock bucket device is too tight, the hook opening pushing block can move backwards through the linear bearing, the spring can be compressed at the same time, the pushing cylinder can push forwards, and the pushing force can be increased until the lock bucket device is pushed open. In case the lock hopper device is not pushed, the spring needs to be contracted to the shortest stroke, and the cylinder pushing device is not affected. When the hopper opening device is pushed, the system starts the hopper opening motor again, but the system rotates clockwise, rotates the hopper opening arm through the coupler until the hopper opening sensor is triggered, and at the moment, the front end of the hopper opening arm just presses down the arm of the hopper, and the hopper opening is opened through the lever effect. If there is excess material in the hopper, the excess material falls down into the collection container below. The cylinder is retracted until the cylinder retreating sensor is triggered, a bucket locking device on the hopper is put down, the system can control the bucket opening time according to the setting, after the time arrives, the system can start the bucket opening motor and rotate anticlockwise until the original point sensor is triggered, so that when the bucket opening arm is separated from the arm of the hopper, the hopper opening is naturally closed and waits for the next operation.

S09, when the operator presses the blanking key again, the system operates again according to the steps S3-S7.

And S10, the hopper just at the station No. 3 can rotate to the station No.4, after the station No.4 sensor 904 senses the hopper, the lifting cylinder 801 can stably put down the hopper cover plate 804 and the spray head 805 through the guide of the guide shaft 802, and waterproof cotton below the hopper cover plate 804 can just press on the hopper, so that a good sealing effect can be provided for preventing water from splashing. When the third drop-down level sensor 808 is triggered, the system activates the high pressure water pump, which passes through the inlet pipe interface 803 to the spray head 805. The spray nozzle is provided with a plurality of spray nozzles with different angles, so that the sprayed water can be sprayed to different positions in the hopper. The system can spray clear water according to the set time, and then the system sends out a signal to control the bucket opening device to discharge sewage in the bucket to a sewage collecting position below for treatment. The bucket opening operation method is the same as that of the station No. 3, the bucket opening time is operated according to the set time, after the time arrives, a bucket closing signal is sent out, a hook opening cylinder is opened to push out, the bucket locking device is pushed out according to the description of the station No. 3, and then the bucket opening motor rotates anticlockwise, and the bucket opening arm is rotated through the coupler until a bucket closing sensor is triggered. At the moment, the hook opening air cylinder retreats until the triggering sensor bucket locking device falls down, arms of the bucket are hooked together, and finally the motor is started again to rotate clockwise to return to the zero position. Thus, the whole cleaning process is completed, and the station 1 is waited for being turned back for discharging.

And S11, returning all mechanisms of the station No. 4 to respective original points after cleaning, and retracting the blocking shaft after all signals are in place, wherein the electromagnetic valve corresponding to the hydraulic motor acts to enable the hydraulic motor to rotate, and the cleaned empty hopper is carried to the station No. 1 to wait for reuse.

And S12, after the above steps are successfully completed, the whole flow of the automatic cleaning system is completed.

The system configuration of the automatic cleaning system and the workflow thereof disclosed in the present invention are described in detail by the specific embodiments.

the automatic cleaning system is provided with four stations, including a station No. 1 for charging and weighing, a station No. 2 for feeding and receiving, a station No. 3 for cleaning the surplus materials of the hopper and a station No. 4 for cleaning the hopper, and the four stations of the hopper are circulated through the central circulation device, so that the automatic operation of the whole process from the receiving, cleaning and charging to the feeding hopper is realized, and the operation efficiency and the safety are greatly improved.

The system is also characterized in that 1, the hopper and the transport vehicle exist independently and are in a separated state without mutual influence. The transport vehicle can continue to run when the hopper is cleaned, so that the transport efficiency is improved. 2. The four stations can be used simultaneously without collision, thereby saving time and improving discharging efficiency. 3. In the use process, if any hopper is in question, only the hopper is required to be adjusted, and the use of other stations is not affected. 4. The required concrete amount can be weighed according to the requirement, so that the blanking is accurate, and the concrete is not wasted. 5. The special wastewater pool with the filtering function can be further arranged below the system, and the water after the hopper is cleaned can be repeatedly used for washing the bucket after the impurities are removed through precipitation, so that the water resource can be saved.

The technical scheme of the invention is described in detail through the specific embodiments. In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the embodiments are each focused, and for those portions of one embodiment that are not described in detail, reference may be made to the related descriptions of other embodiments.

It should be understood that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting. Those skilled in the art may modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments or substitute some technical features thereof, and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic cleaning system, characterized in that it comprises:

Four workstations evenly distributed on a circumference and a central circulation device located between the four workstations;

The central circulation device comprises: an integral support and a track (5), a main planetary drive mechanism (4) that performs rotational motion on the integral support and the track (5), and four bucket carrying devices (6) disposed on the main planetary drive mechanism (4); the four bucket carrying devices (6) are used to carry buckets, and are driven by the main planetary drive mechanism (4) to circulate in a cycle and enter four workstations in sequence.

The four workstations are: workstation 1 located below the unloading device and equipped with a weighing mechanism (1); workstation 2 equipped with a lifting platform mechanism (2); workstation 3 equipped with a hopper opening mechanism (7); and workstation 4 equipped with another hopper opening mechanism (7) and a cleaning mechanism (8); wherein:

Station No. 1 is used to: if there is a cleaned hopper transferred from station No. 4 at this station in this cycle, then the hopper is charged, and the hopper is weighed by a weighing mechanism (1), so that the charging is stopped when the hopper reaches a specified weight; and the charged hopper is transferred to station No. 2 in the next cycle;

Station No. 2 is used to: if there is no hopper at the station in the current cycle, remove the hopper to be cleaned from the transport vehicle through the lifting platform mechanism (2), and transfer the hopper to be cleaned to station No. 3 in the next cycle; or, if there is a loaded hopper transferred from station No. 1 at the station in the current cycle, transfer the loaded hopper to the transport vehicle through the lifting platform mechanism (2);

Station No. 3 is used for: if there is a hopper to be cleaned transferred from station No. 2 to this station in this cycle, the hopper opening mechanism (7) of this station is used to open the hopper to be cleaned to remove the residual material therein; and the hopper to be cleaned is transferred to station No. 4 in the next cycle;

Station No. 4 is used for: if there is a hopper to be cleaned transferred from station No. 3 to this station in the current cycle, the hopper to be cleaned is opened by the hopper opening mechanism (7) of this station, and the hopper to be cleaned is cleaned by spraying high-pressure water flow by the cleaning mechanism (8); and the cleaned hopper is transferred to station No. 1 in the next cycle.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that

The integral support and track (5) comprises a support mechanism (501) with a circular track, a gear (502) arranged at the center of the support mechanism (501), a hydraulic motor (503) for driving the gear (502), and an encoder (504);

The main planetary drive mechanism (4) comprises an integral support (401) with a driven wheel (405) in the middle, the integral support (401) having four ends corresponding to four workstations respectively, and a moving wheel (404) running on a circular track is provided on the bottom surface of each end; the driven wheel (405) is meshedly connected with a gear (502), and driven by the gear (502) to drive the integral support (401) to perform rotational motion;

Four bucket-carrying devices (6) are respectively arranged on four ends of the integral support (401), and the bucket-carrying device (6) comprises a detachable liftable platform (601) arranged on the end, and the liftable platform (601) is provided with a plurality of limit block assemblies (602) for positioning the carried bucket.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that

The weighing mechanism (1) comprises an electronic weighing assembly (101) and a first hydraulic cylinder (104) capable of lifting the electronic weighing assembly (101); when weighing is required, the first hydraulic cylinder (104) drives the electronic weighing assembly (101) to lift the bucket carrying device (6) and the bucket carried by it upwards, so that the electronic weighing assembly (101) can weigh the bucket.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that

The weighing mechanism (1) further comprises a main body support frame (108), a plurality of first copper sleeve components (102) are arranged on the top of the main body support frame (108), a plurality of guide shafts (103) are movably mounted in the plurality of first copper sleeve components (102), and an electronic scale component (101) is mounted on the top of the plurality of guide shafts (103); wherein a position sensing sheet (106) is also arranged at the lower end of at least one guide shaft (103), and a rising position sensor (105) and a first falling position sensor (107) which cooperate with the position sensing sheet (106) are also arranged on the main body support frame (108).

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that

The lifting platform mechanism (2) comprises: a lifting device (201) movable in a vertical direction, a second hydraulic cylinder (203) for driving the lifting device (201) to move up and down via a connecting member (202), and a first bracket (206) for carrying the lifting device (201) and the second hydraulic cylinder (203), wherein the first bracket (206) is provided with a descending sensor (204) for detecting whether the lifting device (201) has descended to a certain position, and an ascending sensor (205) for detecting whether the lifting device (201) has ascended to a certain position.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that

The No. 2 workstation is also equipped with a blocking mechanism (3) for blocking and positioning the main planetary drive mechanism (4) in each cycle, the blocking mechanism (3) comprising a fixed bracket (306), a second copper sleeve assembly (301) being provided on the fixed bracket (306), a gear shaft (302) being provided in the second copper sleeve assembly (301), a first cylinder (304) for driving the gear shaft (302) to rise or fall is also provided on the fixed bracket (306), and the main planetary drive mechanism (4) is blocked and positioned when the gear shaft (302) rises, and a rising position sensor (303) and a second falling position sensor (305) for detecting the movement of the gear shaft (302) are also provided on the fixed bracket (306);

The main planetary drive mechanism (4) is also provided with a buffer rubber column (406) that cooperates with the gear shaft (302).

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that

The hopper opening mechanism (7) comprises: a hook opening push block (714) driven by a hook opening cylinder (704) for pushing open a hook device of the hopper; a hopper opening arm (711) driven by a motor (706) for pressing down or pushing a connecting rod mechanism of the hopper to open or close the hopper opening; and a sensor for detecting the forward or backward movement of the hook opening cylinder (704), and a sensor for detecting the movement position of the hopper opening arm (711).

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that

The hook opening push block (714) is installed at the front end of two push rods, the two push rods are installed in two linear bearings (702), a spring (701) is sleeved on the push rod and is located between the linear bearings (702) and the hook opening push block (714), the two linear bearings (702) are fixed on a sliding base, the sliding base is installed on a slide rail (713), and the hook opening cylinder (704) drives the sliding base to move on the slide rail (713) to drive the hook opening push block (714) to move.

9. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that

The cleaning mechanism (8) comprises: a hopper cover plate (804) for covering the hopper opening, a nozzle (805) for spraying a high-pressure water flow into the hopper, a water inlet pipe interface (803) connected to the nozzle (805), a lifting cylinder (801) for driving the nozzle (805) and the hopper cover plate (804) to rise or fall, and a rising position sensor (807) and a third falling position sensor (808) for detecting the movement of the lifting cylinder (801).

10. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that

Each workstation is also provided with a hopper in place sensor for detecting whether the hopper is in place.