CN112663998B - Mortise-tenon joint assembly type light wall farm house and construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a tenon-and-mortise connection assembly type light wall agricultural house and a construction method, which are suitable for the construction of high-quality agricultural houses and scenic spot residents in rural areas with 2 to 3 layers; including constructional column, collar tie beam and light wall, and all have tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches structure, can carry out tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches plug connection each other. The invention accords with the development trend of building industrialization, applies mortise and tenon connection to an assembled reinforced concrete structure, combines the lean manufacture of a factory with the site construction, and reduces errors and flaws brought by the rough site construction.

Description

Tenon-and-mortise connection prefabricated light-wall farmhouse and construction method

technical field

The invention belongs to the research field of prefabricated buildings, in particular to a tenon-and-mortise connection prefabricated light-wall farmhouse and a construction method.

Background technique

Prefabricated buildings are currently developing well in cities, but need to be further developed in rural areas. The construction of prefabricated farm houses helps to build beautiful villages and improve the quality of life of residents. The development of prefabricated buildings must be developed in both urban and rural areas, which is a sustainable development model. As a weak link in the development of prefabricated buildings, there is a broad market in rural areas in my country, and new rural construction requires renovation or construction of a large number of farm houses. , Prefabricated farm houses have a huge market.

With the promotion of prefabricated buildings by the country in recent years, the production level of prefabricated components has been qualitatively improved, and the dimensional accuracy of components has been greatly improved. Prefabricated component factories have sprung up like mushrooms after a rain. There has been improvement. The prefabricated structural columns, prefabricated ring beams, etc. of the present invention all require refined fabrication and production, and the current prefabricated component factories can all meet the requirements of the fabrication process.

The necessity of constructing prefabricated farm houses in rural areas is also increasing. With the development of urbanization, young and middle-aged people in rural areas are all out to work. If the brick-concrete structure is still used, a large amount of labor is required for construction, while the prefabricated light-wall farm house system requires less labor, which is suitable for the current situation in rural areas. .

The prefabricated farm houses in some parts of our country are light steel keel villas, which are relatively expensive and are quite different from the traditional brick walls, which are not accepted by residents in many areas; and the prefabricated light wall farm houses connected by mortise and tenon joints are similar to the existing dwellings. , more easily accepted by residents. If the prefabricated farm house demonstration can be done well and accepted by the residents, it will help the promotion of prefabricated buildings in rural areas.

The tenon-and-mortise connection is a building construction technology with Chinese wisdom. The typical buildings such as the Yingxian wooden pagoda in ancient China all used the tenon-and-mortise connection structure. A connection is a reliable way to connect.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aiming at the problems that most of the farm houses still use brick laying, low construction efficiency and high energy consumption, the present invention provides a tenon-and-mortise connection assembled light-wall farm house and a construction method, which are suitable for 2 to 3 floors. In line with the development trend of building industrialization, the present invention applies tenon-and-mortise joints to prefabricated reinforced concrete structures, combines factory lean manufacturing with on-site construction, and reduces damage caused by rough on-site construction. Errors and Defects.

The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows: a mortise-and-mortise-connected assembled light-wall farmhouse, comprising a structural column, a ring beam and a light wall; the structural column is provided with a tenon-and-mortise structure, which can be combined with a ring-like structure with a tenon-and-mortise structure. Beam and light wall insert mates.

Further, according to the different installation positions of the structural columns, it includes the structural column in the middle of the in-line wall, the structural column in the corner of the L-shaped wall, the structural column at the intersection of the T-shaped wall and the structural column at the intersection of the cross-shaped wall; The two opposite sides of the structural column in the middle of the in-line wall have protruding tenons for connecting with the sockets of the light wall; the two adjacent sides of the structural column in the corner of the L-shaped wall have protruding tenons. Tenons are used to connect with the sockets of the light walls; there are protruding tenons on the three sides of the structural columns at the intersection of the T-shaped walls, which are used to connect with the sockets of the light walls; the intersection of the cross-shaped walls is constructed There are protruding tenons on the four sides of the column, which are used to connect with the sockets of the light wall; the part where the structure column is connected with the ring beam is provided with a socket on the structure column; the lower part of the structure column is provided with a hole, and the upper part is provided with a socket. There are protruding steel bars to realize the grouting connection of the upper and lower structural columns.

Further, the left and right ends of the ring beam are provided with tenons for inserting into the sockets of the structural columns to temporarily fix the ring beam; the lower part of the ring beam is partially provided with protruding tenons for inserting into the holes of the light wall to enhance the integrity .

Further, the tenons protruding from both ends of the ring beam are rectangular parallelepipeds, the lower protruding tenons are cylinders, and there are steel bars inside the tenons, and the steel bars are extensions of the steel bars inside the ring beam.

Further, the light wall adopts concrete slabs, and there are several holes side by side at the upper and lower ends for plugging with the ring beam; both sides of the light wall adjacent to the structural column are 卯, between the structural column and the light wall. It is connected by tenon and mortise; one side of the adjacent light walls is tenon and one side is mortise, and the two adjacent light walls are connected by tenon and mortise.

A construction method for a tenon-and-mortise connected assembled light-wall farm house, comprising the following steps:

Step 1: Prefabricate structural columns, ring beams and light walls; according to the different positions of the structural columns, prefabricate the central structural columns of the in-line wall, the corner structural columns of the L-shaped wall, and the T-shaped wall with the same thickness as the light wall. At the intersection of the structural column and the cross-shaped wall at the intersection of the structural column; reserve exposed steel bars on the upper part of the prefabricated ring beam, or set up a steel truss.

Step 2: cast-in-situ ground ring beam; according to the size and scale of the farm house, set up reasonable functional partitions and room layout, cast-in-situ ground ring beam; in the position with structural columns, the ground ring beam reserves the protruding steel bars, inserted into the ground ring beam The holes in the lower part of the columns are constructed and grouted; in the part of the ground ring beam corresponding to the light wall, there are one or two protruding tenons, which are inserted into the holes of the light wall.

Step 3: Install the structural column and the light wall; apply mortar on the ground ring beam before installation; install the adjacent wall panels one by one, and apply mortar evenly on the protruding tenons during installation to achieve close integration with the Mao; Install the structural column.

Step 4: Install the ring beam; put mortar on the protruding tenons at both ends and the lower part of the ring beam, insert the tenons protruding from the lower part of the ring beam into the holes on the light wall, and insert the tenons on both sides into the sockets of the structural columns.

Step 5: The floor slab is hoisted, and the steel bars reserved for the floor slab go deep into the upper part of the ring beam, bind with the steel bars reserved on the upper part of the ring beam, and pour the superimposed layer concrete of the upper part of the ring beam and the floor slab as a whole.

Further, the tenon protruding on the ground ring beam is a cylinder, and the diameter of the tenon is smaller than the diameter of the hole in the light wall; the ground ring beam is provided with a groove, and the width of the groove is greater than the thickness of the light wall.

Further, plugs are provided on the holes of the light wall corresponding to the tenons on the ring beams, so as to prevent the mortar from falling into the holes and causing the joints not to be compacted.

Further, untensioned steel strands are arranged on both sides of the light wall in the thickness direction of the board, and the steel strands are used to enhance the ductility of the wallboard and avoid brittle failure of the wallboard during an earthquake.

Further, there should be enough intermittent time before pouring concrete, and the verticality of structural columns, ring beams, and walls should be corrected. After correction, ensure that the mortar fills the tenon and tenon joints and has sufficient strength before concrete pouring.

The present invention includes at least the following beneficial effects:

(1) The degree of construction industrialization of rural houses has been significantly improved;

(2) Inherited excellent ancient building technology; tenon-and-mortise joint, as an ingenious component connection technology of ancient wooden structures in my country, was introduced into the connection nodes of reinforced concrete structures, played an important role in low-rise buildings, and enhanced the commonality between components. ability to work.

(3) The efficiency of building walls in rural buildings is improved. Light walls are used as load-bearing walls, and small cranes can be used to quickly complete wall installation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the upper end of the L-shaped wall corner structural column;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the left end of the ring beam;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the lower part of the ring beam;

Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of light wall;

Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the structural column in the middle of the in-line wall;

6 is a schematic structural diagram of an L-shaped wall corner structural column;

Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the structural column at the intersection of the T-shaped wall;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a structural column at the intersection of a cross-shaped wall.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The invention relates to a mortise-and-mortise connection assembled light-wall farmhouse and a construction method. The farmhouse comprises a structural column, a ring beam and a light wall, all of which have a tenon-and-mortise structure and can be connected by tenon-and-mortise joints. Although the tenon-and-mortise joint proposed by the present invention is not as complicated as the tenon-and-mortise joint of a wooden structure, it acts as a preliminary connecting member and can reduce the use of supports and scaffolding.

A tenon-and-mortise-connected assembled light-wall farmhouse includes a structural column, a ring beam and a light wall; the structural column is provided with a tenon-and-mortise structure, which can be inserted and matched with the ring beam and the light wall which also have the tenon-and-mortise structure. According to the different installation positions of the structural columns, the structural columns in the middle of the in-line wall, the corners of the L-shaped wall, the intersection of the T-shaped walls and the intersection of the cross-shaped walls are included.

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 , two adjacent sides of the L-shaped wall corner structural column have protruding tenons 3 for connecting with the sockets 11 of the light wall 9 . The position where the structural column is connected with the ring beam 7 is provided with 90 1 on the structural column, which can be connected with the rectangular tenon 6 protruding from both sides of the ring beam 7; , to realize the grouting connection of the upper and lower structural columns. In Figure 1, the tenon 3 is only half of the height of the structural column, and it can also be made the same height as the ring beam or 3/4 of the height of the ring beam, which needs to be matched with the size of the upper part of the structural column 101. This arrangement can reduce the use of scaffolding during construction, and can temporarily fix the tenon 6 protruding from both ends of the ring beam 7 into the recessed 901 of the structural column. A protruding cylindrical tenon 8 is partially arranged at the lower part of the ring beam for inserting into the hole 10 of the light wall 9 to enhance the integrity. In order to enhance the bearing capacity and seismic performance of the joints, the tenons 6 and 8 in the ring beam 7 have steel bars inside, and the steel bars are extensions of the steel bars inside the ring beam.

Embed the mortar in the gap of the tenon and mortise or put the mortar on the tenon at both ends of the prefabricated ring beam, and then put the tenon into the mortise. The mortar should be used with mixing. On the one hand, it can offset the manufacturing error of the components, and on the other hand, it can fill the gap between the tenon and tenon joints and enhance the bearing capacity of the tenon and tenon joints.

Figure 1 only shows a method of structural columns. The structural columns of the in-line wall, T-shaped wall and cross-shaped wall are similar to this structural column, but the number and position of the tenon and mortise are different.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the light wall 9 in the present invention adopts a concrete slab, and several holes 10 are arranged side by side at the upper and lower ends for plugging with the ring beam 7; the two sides of the light wall 9 adjacent to the structural column 13 are 11, the structural column and the light wall 9 are connected by tenon and mortise; one side of the adjacent light wall 9 is tenon 12, and one side is mortise 11, and the two adjacent light walls are connected by tenon and mortise. Using hollow wall panels as light walls has a small apparent density, has certain thermal insulation performance, and has higher construction efficiency, which can reduce the construction period and cost.

A construction method for a tenon-and-mortise connected assembled light-wall farm house, comprising the following steps:

Step 1: Prefabricated concrete structural columns, ring beams and light walls; according to the different positions of the structural columns, prefabricate the central structural columns of the in-line wall, the corner structural columns of the L-shaped wall, and the T-shaped wall with the same thickness as the light wall. The structural column at the intersection of the body and the cross-shaped wall should be constructed; the exposed steel bars are reserved on the upper part of the prefabricated ring beam, or the steel bar trusses are set, and the concrete surface is roughened.

Step 2: cast-in-situ ground ring beam; according to the size and scale of the farm house, set up reasonable functional partitions and room layout, cast-in-situ ground ring beam; in the position with structural columns, the ground ring beam reserves the protruding steel bars, inserted into the ground ring beam The holes in the lower part of the structural columns are grouted; in the corresponding ground ring beams of the light wall, there are one or two protruding cylindrical tenons and grooves for installing the light wall, and the diameter of the tenon is smaller than that of the hole in the light wall The diameter of the groove is larger than the thickness of the light wall, which is used to install the light wall in the groove and insert the tenon on the ground ring beam into the cavity of the light wall.

Step 3: Install the structural column and the light wall; apply mortar on the ground ring beam before installation; install the adjacent wall panels one by one, and apply mortar evenly on the protruding tenons during installation to achieve close integration with the Mao; Install the structural column.

Step 4: Install the ring beam; put mortar on the protruding tenons at both ends and the lower part of the ring beam, insert the tenons protruding from the lower part of the ring beam into the holes on the light wall, and insert the tenons on both sides into the sockets of the structural columns.

Step 5: The floor slab is hoisted, and the steel bars reserved for the floor slab go deep into the upper part of the ring beam, bind with the steel bars reserved on the upper part of the ring beam, and pour the superimposed layer concrete of the upper part of the ring beam and the floor slab as a whole.

In step 2, plugs are arranged on the holes of the light wall corresponding to the tenons on the ring beams to prevent the mortar from falling into the holes and causing the caulking to not be compacted.

In step 3, untensioned steel strands are arranged on both sides of the light wall in the thickness direction of the board, and the steel strands are used to enhance the ductility of the wallboard and avoid brittle failure of the wallboard during an earthquake.

In step 5, there should be enough intermittent time before pouring concrete, and the verticality of structural columns, ring beams, walls, etc. should be corrected. After correction, ensure that the mortar fills the mortise and tenon gaps and has sufficient strength before concrete. pouring.

In the above construction process, the top view of the in-line wall structure column 13 in step 1 is shown in Figure 5, the top view of the L-shaped wall corner structure column is shown in Figure 6, and the top view of the T-shaped wall intersection is shown in Figure 6. As shown in Fig. 7, the structural column at the intersection of the cross-shaped wall is shown in Fig. 8, and mortar 14 is used for caulking between the tenon and mortise.

The tenon-and-mortise joint is applied to the prefabricated concrete structure, which inherits the ancient excellent construction technology and enhances the integrity and seismic performance of the building; the tenon-and-mortise joint is shared with cementing materials such as mortar to enhance the bearing capacity of the joint. The ring beams, structural columns, light walls, etc. in the present invention are not heavy, and can be hoisted and installed by using a crane with a small tonnage, which is suitable for small rural residential sites. Make the construction of farm houses more efficient, improve the quality, and keep the same or reduce the cost; prefabricated buildings are promoted in rural areas; the industrialization of construction is further developed.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, some modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made without departing from the technical solution of the present invention. The keyway and tenon-and-mortise connection between them are all regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a mortise-and-mortise connection assembled light-wall farm house, is characterized in that: comprise structural column, ring beam and light wall; Described structural column is provided with tenon-and-mortise structure, can be with the ring-beam and the tenon-and-mortise structure equally. The light wall is inserted and matched; the installation positions of the structural columns are different, including the structural column in the middle of the straight-shaped wall, the structural column at the corner of the L-shaped wall, the structural column at the intersection of the T-shaped wall and the structural column at the intersection of the cross-shaped wall. The two opposite sides of the structural column in the middle of the in-line wall have protruding tenons for connecting with the sockets of the light wall; the two adjacent sides of the structural column in the corner of the L-shaped wall have The protruding tenon is used to connect with the socket of the light wall; the three sides of the structural column at the intersection of the T-shaped wall have protruding tenons for connecting with the socket of the light wall; the cross-shaped wall intersects There are protruding tenons on the four sides of the structural column, which are used to connect with the sockets of the light wall; the part where the structure column is connected with the ring beam is provided with a socket on the structure column; the lower part of the structure column is provided with holes, The upper part is provided with protruding steel bars to realize the grouting connection of the upper and lower structural columns. 2. a kind of mortise and tenon joint assembly type light wall farm house according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the left and right ends of described ring beam are provided with tenon, for inserting in the socket of structural column, temporarily fix ring beam; The lower part of the ring beam is partially provided with a protruding tenon for inserting into the hole of the light wall. 3. a kind of tenon-and-mortise connection assembled light-wall farmhouse according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the tenon protruding at both ends of the ring beam is a rectangular parallelepiped, the lower protruding tenon is a cylinder, and the inside of the tenon has Steel bars, which are extensions of the steel bars inside the ring beam. 4. a kind of mortise and tenon joint assembly type light wall farm house according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described light wall adopts concrete slab, and the upper and lower ends are provided with several holes side by side, for inserting with ring beam The two sides of the light wall adjacent to the structural column are 卯, and the structural column and the light wall are connected by tenon and mortise; one side of the adjacent light wall is tenon, one side is mortise, and two adjacent light walls are Connected by tenon and mortise. 5. the construction method of a kind of tenon-and-mortise connection prefabricated light wall farm house according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: Step 1: Prefabricate structural columns, ring beams and light walls; according to the different positions of the structural columns, prefabricate the central structural columns of the in-line wall, the corner structural columns of the L-shaped wall, and the T-shaped wall with the same thickness as the light wall. At the intersection of the structural column and the cross-shaped wall, the structural column is reserved; the exposed steel bars are reserved on the upper part of the prefabricated ring beam, or the steel truss is set; Step 2: cast-in-situ ground ring beam; according to the size and scale of the farm house, set up reasonable functional partitions and room layout, cast-in-situ ground ring beam; in the position with structural columns, the ground ring beam reserves the protruding steel bars, inserted into the ground ring beam The hole in the lower part of the structural column is grouted; in the part of the ring beam corresponding to the light wall, there are one or two protruding tenons, which are inserted into the cavity of the light wall; the holes in the light wall corresponding to the tenons on the ring beam are set there is a plug; Step 3: Install the structural column and the light wall; apply mortar on the ground ring beam before installation; install the adjacent wall panels one by one, and apply mortar evenly on the protruding tenons during installation to achieve close integration with the Mao; installation of structural columns; Step 4: Install the ring beam; put mortar on the protruding tenons at both ends and the lower part of the ring beam, insert the protruding tenons at the lower part of the ring beam into the holes on the light wall, and insert the tenons on both sides into the mortise of the structural column; Step 5: Hoist the floor slab, the reserved steel bars of the floor slab go deep into the upper part of the ring beam, and bind the steel bars reserved on the upper part of the ring beam. Before pouring concrete, correct the verticality of the structural columns, ring beams and walls, and ensure that after the correction The mortar fills the mortise and tenon joints, and after having sufficient strength, the upper part of the ring beam and the superimposed layer of the floor slab are poured as a whole. 6. the construction method of a kind of tenon-and-mortise connection assembled light wall farm house according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the tenon protruding on the described ground ring beam is a cylinder, and the diameter of the tenon is smaller than the hole in the light wall The diameter of the ground ring beam is provided with a groove, and the width of the groove is greater than the thickness of the light wall. 7. the construction method of a kind of tenon-and-mortise connection prefabricated light wall farm house according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described light wall is equipped with untensioned steel strands on both sides in the plate thickness direction, and the Steel strands are used to enhance the ductility of the wallboard and avoid brittle failure of the wallboard during earthquakes.

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