CN112552808A - 一种超高性能的水性镜面双组份清漆及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种超高性能的水性镜面双组份清漆及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及涂料技术领域，具体涉及一种超高性能的水性镜面双组份清漆及其制备方法，清漆由A组分和B组分组成，其中A组分为：树脂分散体、三甲苯、二丙二醇丁醚、润湿剂等组成，B组分为由聚异氰酸酯与改性异佛尔酮聚异氰酸酯组成，制备的漆膜具有镜面流平，高丰满度，高膜厚要求不易起痱子，在耐性上，有着优良的耐水、耐高温，耐候，耐酸，耐碱，耐汽油，耐机油的超高耐性，在物理性能表现上，高光泽，硬度和韧性上表现非常好，与下层漆膜有很好的附着力，很好的耐丁酮擦拭。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及涂料技术领域，具体涉及一种超高性能的水性镜面双组份清漆及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前，随着人们生活质量水平的逐步提高，环保法规要求也越来越严格。各种环保条例对挥发性有机化合物(VOC)的排放量、有害溶剂都有严格限制。水性清漆溶剂含量少，各项性能基本满足客户需求，而且低VOC环保，水性清漆的应运而生。
中国专利“CN109749611A”公开了一种超耐汽油性的水性清漆及其制备方法，该清漆包含甲组分树脂漆和乙组分固化剂，其中甲组份由水性羟基丙烯酸乳液、水性羟基聚氨酯分散体、消泡剂、润湿剂、催干剂等组成，乙组分由固化剂及溶剂组成，该漆膜附着力好、光泽高（95°）、硬度及丰满度高等优点，该漆膜为水性基础漆配方，漆漆膜的光泽、丰满度及硬度仍不是太理想。
大巴客车和轨道交通设施领域，客户对漆膜的硬度、光泽、丰满度及耐丁酮要求比较严，对其开发一款水性清漆技术迫在眉睫，本发明开发了一种超高性能的水性镜面双组份清漆及其制备方法，具有镜面流平，高丰满度，高膜厚要求不易起痱子，在耐性上，有着优良的耐水、耐高温，耐候，耐酸，耐碱，耐汽油，耐机油的超高耐性，在物理性能表现上，高光泽，硬度和韧性上表现非常好，与下层漆膜有很好的附着力，很好的耐丁酮擦拭。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术光泽、硬度、丰满度等不足，开发了一种超高性能的水性镜面双组份清漆及其制备方法，其技术方案为：
一种超高性能的水性镜面双组份清漆，由A组分和B组分组成。其中A组分为：树脂分散体55-80，三甲苯5-10份，二丙二醇丁醚 5-10份，润湿剂0.1-1份，流平剂0.1-1份，紫外线吸收剂0.5-2份，去离子水5-34份，消泡剂0.2-1，成膜助剂0.5-2份；
B组分为：水分散型聚异氰酸酯25-30份，水分散型改性异佛尔酮聚异氰酸酯20-30份,丙二醇二乙酸酯40-55份，脱水剂0.2-0.5份。
其中：A组分中树脂分散体由羟基聚氨酯分散体与羟基丙烯酸分散体组成，羟基聚氨酯分散体与羟基丙烯酸分散体的比例为1:2.5-4；羟基聚氨酯分散体与羟基丙烯酸分散体的共同点为：羟值为3.7-4.3%，固含为45-55%；如树脂分散体为SETAQUA® 6511、Bayhydrol® A 2470、Bayhydrol® A 2646等。
其中A组分中，润湿剂为非离子性表面活性剂，如tego-500；流平剂为具有基材润湿和流平双重功能，如TEGO-450及TEGO-240。
其中B组分中水分散型改性异佛尔酮聚异氰酸酯，制备方法为：在装有搅拌装置的三口烧瓶中，加入20-34份已干燥的丙二醇多元醚醋酸酯、60-70份IPDI 三聚体加热溶解后，搅拌下入8-11份聚氧四亚甲基二醇，通入N2保护，在70℃反应2hr后，降温到 55℃加入2-10份三羟甲基丙烷保持恒温反应1hr，冷却过滤，制得含固量为60-70％、NCO含量为8.5-9.0％的水分散型改性异佛尔酮聚异氰酸酯；其中，IPDI三聚体NCO含量为14-15%，固含量为80-90％；聚氧四亚甲基二醇，无水、分子量为600-800。
一种超高性能的水性镜面双组份清漆，制备方法为：
A组分的制备：
（1）依次投入投配方量的水性分散体树脂，去离子水，在300-600转/分，搅拌5-10分钟，
（2）往（1）中配方量边搅拌边加入润湿剂、流平剂、紫外线吸收剂、消泡剂， 300-600转/分，搅拌5-10分钟，
（3）往（2）中配方量中边搅拌边加入三甲苯、DPNB、成膜助剂，在300-600转/分，搅拌5-10分钟，得到A组份；
B组分的制备：
（4）在密闭容器中分别投入配方量的水分散型聚异氰酸酯、水分散型改性异佛尔酮聚异氰酸酯、丙二醇二乙酸酯及脱水剂，300-600转/分，搅拌20min后，得到B组分。
漆膜的制备：将A组分和B组分以2:1：0.5（去离子水）进行混合，喷涂于处理好的板件上，70℃下烘烤60min，即得到高性能的水性镜面双组份清漆。
本发明与现有技术进行对比，优异技术效果为：1）采用羟基聚氨酯分散体与羟基丙烯酸分散体进行组合，将丙烯酸的耐化学、高硬度等与聚氨酯的耐化、柔韧性、耐水等性能互相结合，在光泽、丰满度、硬度及耐丁酮实现“质”飞跃，其中光泽能到达到97（60°）以上，完全实现镜面效果，丰满度能到达到97以上，硬度实现H以上；2）固化剂采用水分散型聚异氰酸酯和水分散型改性异佛尔酮聚异氰酸酯结合，其中水分散型改性异佛尔酮聚异氰酸酯采用IPDI 三聚体、聚氧四亚甲基二醇及三羟甲基丙烷为原料，得到的异佛尔酮聚异氰酸酯与聚氨酯和丙烯酸分散体反应，更加利于实现高光泽高丰满度；3）制备的漆膜耐水好，韧性高。
具体实施例
实施例1
一种超高性能的水性镜面双组份清漆，制备方法为：
A组分的制备：
（1）依次投入投配方量的水性分散体树脂，去离子水，在300-600转/分，搅拌5-10分钟；
（2）往（1）中配方量边搅拌边加入润湿剂、流平剂、紫外线吸收剂、消泡剂， 300-600转/分，搅拌5-10分钟；
（3）往（2）中配方量中边搅拌边加入三甲苯、DPNB，成膜助剂，在300-600转/分，搅拌5-10分钟，得到A组份。
B组分的制备：
（4）在密闭容器中分别投入配方量的水分散型聚异氰酸酯、水分散型改性异佛尔酮聚异氰酸酯、丙二醇二乙酸酯及脱水剂，300-600转/分，搅拌20min后得到B组分, 其中B组分中水分散型改性异佛尔酮聚异氰酸酯制备方法为：在装有搅拌装置的三口烧瓶中，加入20-34份已干燥的丙二醇多元醚醋酸酯、60-70份IPDI 三聚体加热溶解后，搅拌下入8-11份聚氧四亚甲基二醇，通入N2保护，在70℃反应2hr后，降温到 55℃加入2-10份三羟甲基丙烷保持恒温反应1hr，冷却过滤，制得含固量为60-70％、NCO含量为8.5-9.0％的水分散型改性异佛尔酮聚异氰酸酯；其中， IPDI三聚体NCO含量为14-15%，固含量为80-90％；聚氧四亚甲基二醇，无水、分子量为600-800。
漆膜的制备：将A组分和B组分以2:1：0.5（去离子水）进行混合，喷涂于处理好的板件上，70℃下烘烤60min，即得到高性能的水性镜面双组份清漆。
实施例1中通过变化树脂种类进行实验，编号为1#、2#及3#，各物质的具体种类及具体用量如表1所示，漆膜性能检测结果见表2。在该固化剂体系下，1#方的耐水性能、硬度及耐丁酮实验最好，能够满足客户需求，2#与3#方，虽然丰满度已经＞95，但耐水性及耐丁酮性等相对较差，这是由于羟基聚氨酯分散体与羟基丙烯酸分散体进行组合，结构性能互补，光泽能到达到97（60°）以上，完全实现镜面效果，丰满度达到97以上，硬度为H级。
表1 实施例1具体实施方案
表2 实施例1漆膜性能检测
| 检测项目 | 1# | 2# | 3# | 检测方法 |
| 耐水性（天） | 10 | 7 | 9 | GB/T 5209 |
| 附着力，级 | 0 | 0 | 0 | GB/T 9286 |
| 硬度 | H | B | HB | GB/T6739 |
| 柔韧性 | 1mm | 1mm | 1mm | GB/T 1766 |
| 附着力，级 | 0 | 0 | 0 | GB/T 9286 |
| 光泽度(60°) | 97 | 97.3 | 96 | GB/T 9754 |
| （外观效果、丰满度）DOI | 97.1 | 97.0 | 96.5 | 桔皮仪实测 |
| 丁酮擦拭实验 | 50 | 35 | 40 | GB/T 23989 |
实施例2
实施例2是在保证其他物料不变的情况下，变化丙烯酸及聚氨酯树脂的比例进行实验，配方编号为4#、5#、6#、7#（表3），按照实施例1的制备工艺制备色漆及其工艺过程制备漆膜。表4为实施例2的漆膜性能检测，采用固化剂体系的漆膜镜面效果都很好，光泽度及丰满度都比较高，5#与6#方的耐水、耐丁酮性能优异，4#与7#方的耐水等性能较差。这是由于羟基聚氨酯分散体与羟基丙烯酸分散体进行组合，两者的比例为1:2.5-4，性能优势结合明显，在满足高光泽高丰满度的情况下，漆膜的柔韧性、耐丁酮、耐水等性能满足需求，符合大巴客车和轨道交通设施领域的应用。
表3 实施例2具体实施方案
表4 实施例2漆膜性能检测
| 检测项目 | 4# | 5# | 6# | 7# | 检测方法 |
| 耐水性（天） | 8 | 10 | 10 | 9 | GB/T 5209 |
| 附着力，级 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | GB/T 9286 |
| 硬度 | H | H | H | H | GB/T6739 |
| 柔韧性 | 2mm | 1mm | 1mm | 1mm | GB/T 1766 |
| 附着力，级 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | GB/T 9286 |
| 光泽度(60°) | 97.2 | 97 | 97.5 | 97.8 | GB/T 9754 |
| （外观效果、丰满度）DOI | 97 | 97 | 97.2 | 97.4 | 桔皮仪实测 |
| 丁酮擦拭实验 | 45 | 50 | 50 | 46 | GB/T 23989 |
实施例3
实施例3是在保证其他物料不变的情况下，变化固化剂的种类进行实验，配方编号为8#、9#、10#、11#（表5），按照实施例1的制备工艺制备色漆及其工艺过程制备漆膜。表6为实施例3漆膜的性能检测，从表中得知，在树脂体系固定下，固化剂的种类对漆膜的光泽、丰满度、耐水及耐丁酮测试影响较大，而配方中改性异佛尔酮聚异氰酸酯采用特殊工艺，对其进行接枝，参与丙烯酸及聚氨酯的固含成膜，对漆膜的性能起到重要作用，与聚异氰酸酯结合，实现光泽能到达到97（60°）以上，完全实现镜面效果，丰满度能到达到97以上，硬度实现H级；而采用常规异佛尔酮聚异氰酸酯或只采用聚异氰酸酯或改性异佛尔酮聚异氰酸酯的漆膜性能或多或多都有部分缺陷，在大巴客车和轨道交通设施领域应用中存在较大风险。
表5 实施例3具体实施方案
表6 实施例3漆膜性能检测
| 检测项目 | 8# | 9# | 10# | 11# | 检测方法 |
| 耐水性，天 | 7 | 9 | 10 | 5 | GB/T 5209 |
| 附着力，级 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | GB/T 9286 |
| 硬度 | H | H | H | GB/T6739 | |
| 柔韧性 | 1mm | 1mm | 1mm | GB/T 1766 | |
| 附着力，级 | 0 | 0 | 0 | GB/T 9286 | |
| 光泽度(60°) | 95 | 96.5 | 97 | 95 | GB/T 9754 |
| （外观效果、丰满度）DOI | 95.1 | 96.2 | 97.1 | 94.5 | 桔皮仪实测 |
| 丁酮擦拭实验，次 | 45 | 48 | 50 | 30 | GB/T 23989 |
综上所述，以上所有实施例及所用物质仅为本发明的实施例而已，并非用于限定本发明的保护范围。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
1.一种超高性能的水性镜面双组份清漆，由A组分和B组分组成，其中A组分为：树脂分散体55-80，三甲苯5-10份，二丙二醇丁醚 5-10份，润湿剂0.1-1份，流平剂0.1-1份，紫外线吸收剂0.5-2份，去离子水5-34份，消泡剂0.2-1，成膜助剂0.5-2份；
B组分为：水分散型聚异氰酸酯25-30份，水分散型改性异佛尔酮聚异氰酸酯20-30份,丙二醇二乙酸酯 40-55份，脱水剂0.2-0.5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的超高性能的水性镜面双组份清漆，其特征在于：A组分中树脂分散体由羟基聚氨酯分散体与羟基丙烯酸分散体组成，羟基聚氨酯分散体与羟基丙烯酸分散体的比例为1:2.5-4；羟基聚氨酯分散体与羟基丙烯酸分散体的共同点为：羟值为3.7-4.3%，固含为45-55%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的超高性能的水性镜面双组份清漆，其特征在于：A组分中，润湿剂为非离子性表面活性剂，流平剂为具有基材润湿和流平双层功能的流平剂。
4.根据权利要求1所述的超高性能的水性镜面双组份清漆，其特征在于：B组分中水分散型改性异佛尔酮聚异氰酸酯，制备方法为：在装有搅拌装置的三口烧瓶中，加入20-34份已干燥的丙二醇多元醚醋酸酯、60-70份IPDI 三聚体加热溶解后，搅拌下入8-11份聚氧四亚甲基二醇，通入N2保护，在70℃反应2hr后，降温到 55℃加入2-10份三羟甲基丙烷保持恒温反应1hr，冷却过滤，制得含固量为60-70％、NCO含量为8.5-9.0％的水分散型改性异佛尔酮聚异氰酸酯；其中， IPDI三聚体NCO含量为14-15%，固含量为80-90％；聚氧四亚甲基二醇，无水、分子量为600-800。
5.根据权利要求1所述的超高性能的水性镜面双组份清漆，其特征在于：由A组分和B组分组成，其中A组分为：树脂分散体72，三甲苯6份，二丙二醇丁醚 8份，润湿剂0.4份，流平剂0.7份，紫外线吸收剂1份，去离子水10.4份，消泡剂0.3，成膜助剂1.2份；
B组分为：水分散型聚异氰酸酯25份，水分散型改性异佛尔酮聚异氰酸酯25份,丙二醇二乙酸酯 49.7份，脱水剂0.3份；其中树脂分散体由羟基聚氨酯分散体与羟基丙烯酸分散体组成，羟基聚氨酯分散体与羟基丙烯酸分散体的比例为1:3。
6.根据权利要求5所述的超高性能的水性镜面双组份清漆，其特征在于：B组分中水分散型改性异佛尔酮聚异氰酸酯，制备方法为：在装有搅拌装置的三口烧瓶中，加入25份已干燥的丙二醇多元醚醋酸酯、62份IPDI 三聚体加热溶解后，搅拌下入8份聚氧四亚甲基二醇，通入N2保护，在70℃反应2hr后，降温到55℃加入5份三羟甲基丙烷保持恒温反应1hr，冷却过滤，制得含固量为60-70％、NCO含量为8.5-9.0％的水分散型改性异佛尔酮聚异氰酸酯；其中， IPDI三聚体NCO含量为14-15%，固含量为80-90％；聚氧四亚甲基二醇，无水、分子量为600-800。
7.根据权利要求1-3，5所述的超高性能的水性镜面双组份清漆，制备方法为：
A组分的制备：
（1）依次投入投配方量的水性分散体树脂，去离子水，在300-600转/分，搅拌5-10分钟，
（2）往（1）中配方量边搅拌边加入润湿剂、流平剂、紫外线吸收剂、消泡剂， 300-600转/分，搅拌5-10分钟，
（3）往（2）中配方量中边搅拌边加入三甲苯、DPNB，成膜助剂，在300-600转/分，搅拌5-10分钟，得到A组份；
B:组分的制备：
（4）在密闭容器中分别投入配方量的水分散型聚异氰酸酯、水分散型改性异佛尔酮聚异氰酸酯、丙二醇二乙酸酯及脱水剂，300-600转/分，搅拌20min后，得到B组分。
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