CN112501171B - 两条特异性靶向猪Pax7基因的sgRNA导向序列及应用 - Google Patents
两条特异性靶向猪Pax7基因的sgRNA导向序列及应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于动物基因工程技术领域,具体涉及两条特异性靶向猪Pax7基因的sgRNA导向序列及应用。本发明在猪Pax7基因起始密码子ATG附近位置设计了4个sgRNA导向序列,利用CRISPR/Cas9系统,从中挑选出能够特异性靶向猪Pax7基因起始密码子ATG附近的两条sgRNA。通过将本发明提供的sgRNA序列以及CRISPR/Cas9系统的结合起来使用,可以实现猪中Pax7基因的编辑或敲除,进而实现Pax7基因的标记或低表达,为制备Pax7转基因猪奠定了技术基础。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于植物基因工程技术领域,具体涉及两条特异性靶向猪Pax7基因的sgRNA导向序列及应用。本发明具体涉及特异性靶向猪Pax7基因起始密码子ATG附近的sgRNA序列及其应用。
背景技术
CRISPR/Cas是细菌和古细菌在长期演化过程中形成的一种适应性免疫防御,可以用来对抗入侵的病毒以及外源DNA,CRISPR/Cas9系统是基于Ⅱ类CRISPR系统改造而来的。2012年,Jinek通过体外实验验证Cas9发挥功能不仅仅需要成熟的crRNA(CRISPR RNA),还需要tracrRNA(trans-activating crRNA),并且引导Cas9蛋白切割位点具有很大的特异性,均位于PAM(protospacer adjacent motif)序列上游的3bp处;对于Ⅱ类CRISPR系统,PAM序列为NGG,当对NGG进行突变后,将无法进行有效切割;此外,还成功地将crRNA和tracrRNA融合成一条大约100bp的单链向导RNA(guide RNA,gRNA),并能正常发挥引导Cas9的功能。这项工作为CRISPR/Cas9系统进军基因编辑工具行列奠定了坚实的基础。随后这种编辑工具以它方便、廉价、精准的优势迅速成为了生物科学界最热门的技术。通过CRISPR/Cas9系统切割基因组后,不仅能够通过非同源末端修复(nonhomologous end joining,NHEJ)的方式进行修复,获得在切割位点附近的碱基缺失或插入,还可以通过同源重组修复(homology-directed repair,HDR)的方式,实现位点的突变和目的片段的插入与敲除。到目前为止,CRISPR技术应用于各个领域,如纠正导致疾病的基因错误、复活某些物种以及培育更加健康的新型食物。而我们应用更多的则是产生有意义的用于实验研究的转基因动物。
Paired Box7(Pax7)是转录因子PAX家族中成员之一,该家族对胎儿发育和癌症生长方面有很重要的作用。Pax7基因是骨骼肌卫星细胞中表达的标志性基因,而肌肉卫星细胞,又称肌肉干细胞,在骨骼肌的生长发育和再生方面起着至关重要的作用,该基因通过与特定基因结合来促进细胞增殖,抑制其分化。国内外对于Pax7基因在肌肉生成、修复和自我更新等方面展开了很多研究。
目前,有关Pax7的研究主要集中在小鼠中,在猪等哺乳动物的研究还比较少。通过利用CRISPR/Ca9系统[1],最终获得Pax7基因敲除或是追踪的转基因猪,而首要步骤都是找到能够特异性靶向Pax7的sgRNA,通过sgRNA与CRISPR/Cas9结合使用,从而实现靶向编辑。
本发明提供了两个特异性靶向猪Pax7基因ATG附近位置的sgRNA导向序列,通过将这两种导向序列与CRISPR/Cas9系统结合,不仅能够通过非同源末端修复机制造成ATG附近的碱基随机缺失或插入,进而导致Pax7基因的转录翻译紊乱,接着研究Pax7基因缺失对猪肌肉发育的影响;还可以通过同源重组的方式,利用外源导入的模板将基因组进行重组,便可以在Pax7基因ATG上下游插入或敲除目的片段,进而实现Pax7基因的追踪,从而进一步研究猪中Pax7标记细胞的去向。特异性靶向猪Pax7基因ATG附近位置sgRNA导向序列的确定为研究猪Pax7基因的功能机制以及制备Pax7转基因猪奠定了基础,对于研究该基因在猪发育过程中的功能及其发挥作用的机制具有重要意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的缺陷,为了更方便的产生并研究Pax7转基因猪,本发明的主要目的是提供能够一种特异性靶向猪Pax7基因起始密码子ATG附近的sgRNA导向序列及其应用,所述导向序列可用于靶向修饰猪Pax7基因,为制备转基因猪奠定基础。
本发明的技术方案如下所述:
1.本发明设计了一种特异性靶向猪Pax7基因的sgRNA导向序列,该sgRNA导向序列位于Pax7基因起始密码子ATG附近位置,它的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示,下面序列SEQID NO:1中粗体字为起始密码子“ATG”。
2.针对上述猪Pax7基因上的靶标序列,本发明设计了四条sgRNA,并通过筛选,发现其中有两条序列能够特异性靶向猪Pax7基因起始密码子ATG附近的sgRNA,申请人将这四个序列分别命名为Pax7-sgRNA1(序列为SEQ ID NO:2)、Pax7-sgRNA2(序列为SEQ ID NO:3)、Pax7-sgRNA3(序列为SEQ ID NO:4)和Pax7-sgRNA4(序列为SEQ ID NO:5)。
3.在进行特异性靶向验证时,本发明设计了一对鉴定引物,通过该引物对特异性扩增得到DNA片段,将该片段命名为Pax7-ATG(即SEQ ID NO:6所示的序列)。
本发明的优势在于靶向序列选在Pax7基因起始密码子ATG附近,只要sgRNA打靶成功,Pax7基因的转录与翻译就会受到影响,从而实现Pax7基因的有效修饰与突变。
本发明的试验证明,本发明提供了两条特异性打靶猪Pax7基因起始密码子ATG附近的sgRNA,特异性强。在进行基因修饰时,能够有效减少CRISPR/Cas9系统引起的脱靶现象。
附图说明
图1:本发明四条含有sgRNA的pX330测序结果。附图标记说明:图1中的A图是sgRNA1,含有Pax7-sgRNA1的pX330载体;图1中的B图是sgRNA2,含有Pax7-sgRNA2的pX330载体;图1中的C图是sgRNA3,含有Pax7-sgRNA3的pX330载体;图1中的D图是sgRNA4,含有Pax7-sgRNA4的pX330载体。
图2:质粒转染细胞后测序结果。附图标记说明:图2中的A图是sgRNA1,含有Pax7-sgRNA1的Px330载体转染细胞后得到的DNA片段Pax7-ATG;图2中的B图是sgRNA2,含有Pax7-sgRNA2的Px330载体转染细胞后得到的DNA片段Pax7-ATG;图2中的C图是sgRNA3,含有Pax7-sgRNA3的pX330载体转染细胞后得到的DNA片段Pax7-ATG;图2中的D图是sgRNA4,含有Pax7-sgRNA4的pX330载体转染细胞后得到的DNA片段Pax7-ATG;图2中的E图是NC,NC质粒为空质粒转染细胞后得到的DNA片段Pax7-ATG。
图3:质粒转染细胞后T7酶的酶切结果。附图标记说明:sgRNA1为含有Pax7-sgRNA1的pX330载体转染细胞后得到的DNA片段Pax7-ATG经T7酶切处理的结果;sgRNA2为含有Pax7-sgRNA2的pX330载体转染细胞后得到的DNA片段Pax7-ATG经T7酶切处理的结果;sgRNA3为含有Pax7-sgRNA3的pX330载体转染细胞后得到的DNA片段Pax7-ATG经T7酶切处理的结果;sgRNA4是含有Pax7-sgRNA4的pX330载体转染细胞后得到的DNA片段Pax7-ATG经T7酶切处理的结果,NC质粒是NC(即空质粒)转染细胞后得到的DNA片段Pax7-ATG经T7酶切处理的结果。
图4:本发明的质粒图谱。附图标记说明:图4中的A图为空质粒(NC)pX330质粒图谱;图4中的B图为含有Pax7-sgRNA1的pX330载体;图4中的C图为含有Pax7-sgRNA2的pX330载体;图4中的D图为含有Pax7-sgRNA3的pX330载体;图4中的E图为含有Pax7-sgRNA4的pX330载体;
具体实施方式
对序列表的说明:
碱基序列方向全部为5’至3’
序列表SEQ ID NO:1是本发明克隆的第一个DNA片段:
序列表SEQ ID NO:2是sgRNA1:
GTCCCCGGCGTGCGCGAGAA
序列表SEQ ID NO:3是sgRNA2:
GCAGACTCTGGATTCGTCCC
序列表SEQ ID NO:4是sgRNA3:
GCCGCCATTCTCGCGCACGC
序列表SEQ ID NO:5是sgRNA4:
GCGCCATTCTCGCGCACGCCG
序列表SEQ ID NO:6是本发明克隆的一个DNA片段:
AGGAAAGAAAGAGATCGCAGCAGGGGTAAAGGGAGCGGACGGGAAGCGATTTTTGCAGACTCTGGATTCGTCCCCGGCGTGCGCGAGAATGGCGGCCCTGCCCGGCACCGTACCGAGGATGATGCGGCCGGCTCCCGGGCAGAACTATCCCCGCACGGGATTTCCTCTGGAAGGTAAGAGCGCCCGAGCTTGCCTTGCCTCCCTGCTCCGCCCGGACCTCGAGGTCCTTGGGGAGGTGGCGATCTCCACCGGGCCGGTGGCGGCACCAGAGACAGCAGAGAGGGTCCCCTTCGCTTCTGGTTCCCAGTCCAGGCGCTAGACCCGGGAAGTTTCTGGGATCGACACTTGTCCGGTTTCGCGTGGGTTTCACCCACCCGCGGCCTCAGTTCACAGGTCCTGGGTTCTGGCCTTTACCCGCAGGGCTGAACTCAGTGGATTTCGGCTCCTAGTCAATTTCAAGTCTTAGTGAATTTCAACTCATTCCACTATTTTCAGATACTTTTTCCTCTGCTACTTTCTCGGCTGT
四条sgRNA对应的寡核苷酸序列(形成sgRNA序列的两条引物);
序列表SEQ ID NO:7是sgRNA1序列的两条引物中的左引物;
Pax7-sgRNA1-F:CACCGTCCCCGGCGTGCGCGAGAA
序列表SEQ ID NO:8是sgRNA1序列的两条引物中的右引物;
Pax7-sgRNA1-R:AAACTTCTCGCGCACGCCGGGGAC
序列表SEQ ID NO:9是sgRNA2序列的两条引物中的左引物;
Pax7-sgRNA2-F:CACCGCAGACTCTGGATTCGTCCC
序列表SEQ ID NO:10是sgRNA2序列的两条引物中的右引物;
Pax7-sgRNA2-R:AAACGGGACGAATCCAGAGTCTGC
序列表SEQ ID NO:11是sgRNA3序列的两条引物中的左引物;
Pax7-sgRNA3-F:CACCGCCGCCATTCTCGCGCACGC
序列表SEQ ID NO:12是sgRNA3序列的两条引物中的右引物;
Pax7-sgRNA3-R:AAACGCGTGCGCGAGAATGGCGGC
序列表SEQ ID NO:13是sgRNA4序列的两条引物中的左引物;
Pax7-sgRNA4-F:CACCGCGCCATTCTCGCGCACGCCG
序列表SEQ ID NO:14是sgRNA4序列的两条引物中的右引物;
Pax7-sgRNA4-R:AAACCGGCGTGCGCGAGAATGGCGc
sgRNA靶向鉴定的引物序列:
序列表SEQ ID NO:15是sgRNA靶向鉴定的引物中的左引物:
Pax7-ATG-F:AGGAAAGAAAGAGATCGCAGCA
序列表SEQ ID NO:16是sgRNA靶向鉴定的引物中的右引物:
Pax7-ATG-R:ACAGCCGAGAAAGTAGCAGA。
下面将结合实施例对本发明的实施方式进行详细说明。下列实例中所使用的试验方法如无特殊说明,均为本领域常规方法。
下述实施例中所用的材料、试剂等,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径得到。
本发明通过从NCBI数据库中下载猪Pax7基因的核苷酸序列,基于对该序列的分析,并且依据CRISPR/Ca9中sgRNA的设计原理,在猪Pax7基因起始密码子ATG附近设计和筛选sgRNA,最终筛选获得特异性靶向的两条sgRNA。以下以本发明设计的4条sgRNA导向序列为例对本发明进行详细说明。
实施例1 sgRNA序列的获得
根据猪Pax7基因的基因组序列(登陆号AEMK02000045.1),在其起始密码子ATG附近设计4个Pax7-sgRNA,在其5’端加上CACC碱基得到Pax7-sgRNA-F引物序列;同时根据导向序列获得其对应的DNA互补链,并且在5’端加上AAAC碱基得到Pax7-sgRNA-R引物序列;分别合成上述Pax7-sgRNA-F和Pax7-sgRNA-R,将合成的这两段寡核苷酸置于:95℃变性10min,65℃退火50min,形成带有粘性末端的双链DNA,具体寡核苷酸序列见表1。
表1四条sgRNA对应的寡核苷酸序列
实施例2构建表达sgRNA的载体
1.线性化载体的构建:质粒载体pX330(Addgene)用BbsⅠ酶切,酶切体系为50uL体系:BbsⅠ2uL,10X NEB Buffer 5uL,质粒2ug,用双蒸水补至50uL。酶切条件:37℃酶切2h;将酶切产物琼脂糖凝胶电泳后,利用胶回收试剂盒(Omega)进行胶回收,回收方法见前述试剂盒的说明书。
2.连接:将回收的酶切后的pX330与实施例1制得的双链DNA进行连接,连接体系为10uL体系为:质粒pX330 50ng,退火后的双链sgRNA 1uL,SolutionⅠ:2.5uL,用双蒸水补至10uL;连接条件为16℃连接2h。
3.转化:将连接产物转化大肠杆菌感受态DH5α,具体转化方法为:-80℃取出大肠杆菌感受态DH5α,置于冰上溶解;然后用电动移液枪上下吹匀,取出50uL大肠杆菌感受态于新的1.5mL离心管中,再加入5uL上述的连接产物,混匀后冰浴5min;42℃水浴热激45s,立刻冰浴2min;然后将其全部均匀涂在含有氨苄抗生素(100mg/mL,1000X)的平板中,倒置放于37℃恒温培养箱中,过夜培养。
4.筛选阳性菌落并进行测序鉴定:挑取步骤3中培养得到的单个菌落,进行菌液PCR(95℃5min;95℃15s;60℃30s;72℃15s;72℃5min;15℃2min,35个循环),用琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测。合格的菌落进行摇菌,将1mL菌液送相关商业测序公司进行测序,测序引物如下:5’-GCATATACGATACAAGGCTG-3’。对测序正确的菌液样品进行保菌和质粒提取。将测序正确的含有4个sgRNA的载体分别命名为:sgRNA1(含有Pax7-sgRNA1的pX330载体);sgRNA2(含有Pax7-sgRNA2的pX330载体);sgRNA3(含有Pax7-sgRNA3的pX330载体)和sgRNA4(含有Pax7-sgRNA4的pX330载体)。测序结果见图1所示。
实施例3四条sgRNA的特异性靶向验证
1.细胞培养与收集:使用完全培养基复苏PK15细胞(ATCC),传代2-3次后进行转染,转染前一天,将5×105~8×105个细胞接种至6孔板,当密度达到70%时进行转染。
2.转染:转染的具体步骤参照Lipo2000操作说明进行。将实施例2中构建的4个载体用lipo2000(Invitrogen)进行转染,48h后收集细胞,以NC质粒(空质粒)作为对照。
3.特异性靶向sgRNA的筛选:根据所设计的sgRNA序列位置,设计鉴定引物,所述引物序列如表2所示,48h后抽提细胞DNA,并用鉴定引物进行PCR扩增,反应体系为50uL:10XBuffer:5uL,dNTP:4uL,Lataq:0.5uL,F:1uL,R:1uL,DNA:100-250ng,H2O补至50uL。PCR反应条件为:95℃预变性5min,95℃变性30s,62℃退火30s,72℃延伸30s,共35循环,之后72℃延伸5min。将所获得DNA片段命名为Pax7-ATG。PCR产物经产物回收试剂盒(购自宝生物工程大连有限公司)进行回收,然后对该产物分别进行测序分析和用T7酶进行酶切。
(1)测序分析
将PCR回收产物进行测序分析,测序结果见图2,结果表明,与对照组(图2中的E图,Pax7-ATG片段呈现单峰)相比,pX330-Pax7-sgRNA1和pX330-Pax7-sgRNA2转染的细胞基因组在DNA片段Pax7-ATG中发生了突变(图2中A和B的测序结果显示:在ATG附近,有双峰出现),而pX330-Pax7-sgRNA3、pX330-Pax7-sgRNA4和对照组相比则没有变化(图2中C和D的测序结果显示:在ATG附近,全部为单峰)。
(2)利用T7酶进行酶切
T7酶酶切体系:20uL:10X NEB Buffer2:2uL,PCR产物:200ng,用双蒸水补至19.5uL,PCR反应条件为:95℃5min,95℃~85℃-2℃/s,85℃~25℃0.1/s,25℃5min,结束后,在反应体系中加入0.5uL的T7酶,37℃水浴5min,然后20uL产物全部进行琼脂糖凝胶电泳,结果显示,pX330-Pax7-sgRNA1和pX330-Pax7-sgRNA2转染的部分细胞基因组在DNA片段Pax7-ATG(526bp)中发生了突变;在T7酶的作用下,突变的片段被切成了两段(长片段为455bp左右,短片段为71bp),由于Pax7-ATG(526bp)仍然存在,而短片段(71bp)在TAE胶中显示不明显,所以胶图结果显示为两条带(见图3中第2和3泳道),而没有特异性打靶的pX330-Pax7-sgRNA3、pX330-Pax7-sgRNA4和对照组仍然是单一的一条带(见图3中第4和5泳道)。
表2 sgRNA特异性靶向鉴定引物
核苷酸序列(5’至3’) | |
Pax7-ATG-F | AGGAAAGAAAGAGATCGCAGCA |
Pax7-ATG-R | ACAGCCGAGAAAGTAGCAGA |
综上所述,本发明成功获得了两条特异性靶向猪Pax7基因起始密码子ATG附近位置的sgRNA,通过靶向验证结果可以看出,两条sgRNA均有高效的编辑Pax7基因的功能,为猪Pax7基因的功能的深入研究及其进一步应用提供了一种新的基因编辑方法。
主要参考文献
1.Wiedenheft B:In defense of phage:viral suppressors of CRISPR-mediated adaptive immunity in bacteria.RNA biology 2013,10(5):886-890。
序列表
<110> 华中农业大学
<120> 两条特异性靶向猪Pax7基因的sgRNA导向序列及应用
<141> 2020-12-02
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Claims (5)
1.一种特异性靶向猪Pax7基因的sgRNA导向序列,其特征在于,它是靶向猪Pax7基因的起始密码子ATG附近的序列,核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示,该序列起始密码子为ATG。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种特异性靶向猪Pax7基因的sgRNA导向序列,其中Pax7-sgRNA1的核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO:2所示,另一条序列为Pax7-sgRNA2,核苷酸序列如SEQID NO:3所示。
3.权利要求1或2所述的sgRNA导向序列的应用,其特征在于,所述的应用包括以下步骤:
(1)根据猪Pax7基因的基因组序列,在该基因起始密码子ATG附近设计4个Pax7-sgRNA,在sgRNA导向序列的5,端加上CACC得到Pax7-sgRNA-F引物序列;同时根据sgRNA导向序列获得其对应的DNA互补链,且在5,端加上AAAC得到Pax7-sgRNA-R引物序列;分别合成上述单链Pax7-sgRNA-F和单链Pax7-sgRNA-R,将合成的这两段单链核苷酸通过变性退火形成双链DNA;
(2)将步骤(1)中得到的双链DNA与CRISPR/Cas9系统中的载体pX330连接,得到重组表达载体:含有Pax7-sgRNA1的pX330-Pax7-sgRNA1载体、含有Pax7-sgRNA2的pX330-Pax7-sgRNA2载体、含有Pax7-sgRNA3的pX330-Pax7-sgRNA3载体和含有Pax7-sgRNA4的pX330-Pax7-sgRNA4载体;
(3)将步骤(2)制得的重组表达载体pX330-Pax7-sgRNA1、pX330-Pax7-sgRNA2、pX330-Pax7-sgRNA3和pX330-Pax7-sgRNA4采用脂质体转染的方法分别转染猪的细胞系,48h后收集细胞进行特异性靶向验证,验证方法包括产物测序以及用T7酶酶切,最终获得具有特异性的靶向sgRNA导向序列,其核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:2和SEQ ID NO:3所示。
4.一种包含权利要求2所述的特异性靶向猪Pax7基因起始密码子ATG附近位置的sgRNA导向序列的重组表达载体pX330-Pax7-sgRNA1和pX330-Pax7-sgRNA2。
5.含有权利要求2所述的sgRNA重组表达载体pX330-Pax7-sgRNA1和pX330-Pax7-sgRNA2在构建猪Pax7基因突变库中的应用。
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