CN112496338A - Efficient continuous and uninterrupted multilayer spiral slicing and printing method - Google Patents
Efficient continuous and uninterrupted multilayer spiral slicing and printing method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112496338A CN112496338A CN202011038825.4A CN202011038825A CN112496338A CN 112496338 A CN112496338 A CN 112496338A CN 202011038825 A CN202011038825 A CN 202011038825A CN 112496338 A CN112496338 A CN 112496338A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- printing
- spiral
- area
- layer
- region
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/003—Apparatus, e.g. furnaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a spiral slice and a printing method, in particular to a high-efficiency continuous and uninterrupted multilayer spiral slice and a printing method. The method solves the problems of low efficiency and poor precision of the existing spiral printing, and comprises the steps of slicing parameter planning, sector slicing of a workpiece according to the planned slicing parameters, filling of the workpiece outline of each sector area, obtaining of a scanning path, determination of the rotating speed of a rotary powder bed, the printing sequence, the printing scanning area and the powder discharging range according to the slicing parameters, and printing by using the paths and the parameters. The spiral slicing method is matched with continuous multi-spiral powder laying and multi-spiral printing, and the rotary powder bed rotates for one circle, so that multi-layer printing can be realized, and more efficient production can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a spiral slice and a printing method, in particular to a high-efficiency continuous and uninterrupted multilayer spiral slice and a printing method.
Background
Electron Beam Selective Melting (EBSM) metal additive manufacturing techniques use an electron beam as an energy source to manufacture solid parts by melting metal powder layer by layer in a high vacuum environment. Because the power of the electron beam is high, the material has high energy absorption rate to the electron beam, the finished piece has the characteristics of high density, low oxygen content, low thermal stress, difficult deformation and cracking, high printing efficiency, material utilization rate and the like, and is widely applied in the fields of medical treatment, aerospace and the like. The process comprises the following steps: firstly, spreading a layer of powder on a powder spreading plane; then, the electron beam is selectively melted under the control of a computer according to the information of the cross section profile, the metal powder is melted together under the bombardment of the electron beam and is bonded with the formed part below, and the metal powder is stacked layer by layer until the whole workpiece is completely melted; finally, the excess powder is removed to obtain the desired three-dimensional product.
For large-size workpieces, the electron beam can be printed by a single electron gun only after passing through a deflection coil, but the electron beam is not completely vertical to the working surface but forms a certain included angle with the vertical direction after passing through the deflection coil. Along with the increase of the deflection angle of the electron beam, the beam quality of the electron beam is greatly reduced, and beam spots have certain deformation, so that the shape and the energy distribution of a molten pool at the edge area of the powder bed are deviated, and the precision and the molding quality of a molded workpiece are poor. If the electron gun or the powder cylinder is moved by mechanical motion, the molding efficiency and the molding accuracy are greatly reduced.
In order to solve the above problems, a multi-gun printing method is applied, and a plurality of electron guns are arranged in order in a manner such that each electron gun is responsible for one area, and all the areas constitute the entire printing surface. The areas are effectively connected, so that the deflection angle of the electron beam can be effectively reduced on the premise of ensuring the forming precision and quality of the workpiece, the beam quality of the electron beam and the beam spot shape of the edge part of the forming area are ensured, and the shape and the energy distribution of a molten pool during the scanning, melting and forming of the electron beam are improved.
Currently, a plurality of electron beam generating units are arranged in an integrated box in an N × M rectangular array, which may be a1 × 2 rectangular array, a2 × 3 rectangular array, or a3 × 3 rectangular array. The electronic gun control system divides the powder bed into corresponding array scanning areas according to the number and array arrangement positions of the independent electronic beam emission units, each independent electronic beam emission unit corresponds to one array scanning area, and the electronic gun control system controls the array scanning areas corresponding to the independent electronic guns above the corresponding areas to carry out accurate scanning and forming.
With the current multi-gun printing method, the larger the printed material is, the larger the number of electron guns is, but the infinite increase of electron guns is not practical. Therefore, a new method for printing large-size parts is needed.
The multiple electron guns are matched with the spiral powder spreading to carry out spiral printing, so that the electron guns can be used as few as possible, and the printing efficiency of large-size workpieces is met. However, in the conventional spiral printing method, the two electron guns for printing in the inner circular ring and the outer circular ring of the sub-tube rotating powder bed are respectively located at two radii of 180 degrees of the rotating powder bed, and the scanning ranges thereof are respectively the first area 2 and the second area 3 shown in fig. 1. Reference numeral 1 denotes a rotating powder bed, and the direction indicated by the arrow denotes the rotating direction of the rotating powder bed. The arrangement mode enables the number of the electron guns to be limited, single-layer spiral printing can only be realized when the rotary powder bed rotates for one circle, and the printing efficiency is low.
Meanwhile, the current slicing mode is directed at horizontal powder spreading, namely, the powder spreading surface and the printing surface are horizontal. Various slicing software is also performed based on a plane in which the positive direction of the Z axis is the normal direction.
When the spiral printing method is adopted, since the printing surface is not perpendicular to the positive direction of the Z axis, the printing accuracy and efficiency are affected if the sheet is cut by the conventional slicing method.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of low efficiency and poor precision of the conventional spiral printing, the invention provides a high-efficiency continuous and uninterrupted multilayer spiral slice and a printing method. The effect of horizontal printing of more electron guns can be achieved by using as few electron guns as possible, and the efficiency requirement is met.
The technical scheme of the invention is to provide an efficient continuous and uninterrupted multi-spiral slicing and printing method, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
each spiral layer group comprises j spiral layers; the initial positions of each layer of spiral layer are different, and the initial positions correspond to the positions of the powder spreading compaction devices 51 one by one; height H of the entire workpieceWorkpiece＝H*m；
Uniformly dividing the three-dimensional model into n fan-shaped areas on each layer of spiral layer by taking a C axis and a Z axis as parameters, wherein the angle alpha of each fan-shaped area is 360/n, and the Z value difference of adjacent fan-shaped areas is H/jn; wherein H is the pitch; the inner diameter and the outer diameter of each sector area are equal to those of the workbench; the area of the sector area needs to satisfy the following conditions: the printing scanning area of each group of printing devices at least covers one sector area;
arranging a first spiral layer group:
the n sectors of the first spiral layer are respectively named as region 1, region 2 and region 3, region … … n; the n sectors of the second spiral layer are designated as the 1 'region, the 2' region, the 3 'region … … n' region, respectively; by analogy, the n sectors of the j-th spiral layer are respectively named as 1(j -1)′Zone, 2(j-1)′Zone, 3(j-1)′Region … … n(j-1)′A zone;
and (3) in the second spiral layer group:
the n sectors of the first spiral layer are respectively named as n +1 area, n +2 area, n +3 area … … 2n area; the n sectors of the second spiral layer are designated as n '+ 1, n' +2, n '+ 3 … … 2 n' regions, respectively; by analogy, the n sectors of the j-th spiral layer are respectively namedIs n(j-1)′+1 zone, n(j-1)′+2 zone, n(j-1)′+3 regions … … 2n(j-1)′A zone;
and by analogy, in the mth spiral layer group:
the n sectors of the first spiral layer are respectively named as (m-1) n +1 area, (m-1) n +2 area, (m-1) n +3 area … … mn area; the n sectors of the second spiral layer are respectively named as (m-1) n ' +1 region, (m-1) n ' +2 region, (m-1) n ' +3 region … … m ' n ' region; by analogy, the n fan-shaped regions of the j-th spiral layer are respectively named as (m-1) n(j-1)′+1 zone, (m-1) n(j-1)′+2 zone, (m-1) n(j-1)′+3 zone … … m n(j-1)′A zone;
respectively obtaining the outlines of the workpieces corresponding to the sector areas according to the sequence of the area 1, the area 2 and the area 3 … n; similarly according to the 1 'region, the 2' region and the 3 'region … … n'; by analogy, according to 1(j-1)′Zone, 2(j-1)′Zone, 3(j-1)′Region … … n(j-1)′Respectively obtaining the outlines of the workpieces corresponding to the fan-shaped areas; completing a spiral layer group slice;
after completing a 360-degree circumference, sequentially entering the next spiral layer group slice, namely … … 2n areas according to an area n +1 area, an area n +2 area and an area n +3 area; n '+ 1 region, n' +2 region, n '+ 3 region … … 2 n' region; by analogy, n(j-1)′+1 zone, n(j-1)′+2 zone, n(j-1)′+3 regions … … 2n(j-1)′A zone;
and so on until the end layer; obtaining the outlines of the workpieces corresponding to all the fan-shaped areas;
and step 3: filling the workpiece outlines of the sector areas obtained in the step II, and performing scanning path planning on the workpiece outlines obtained through processing to obtain scanning paths; outputting G codes from a starting layer to an ending layer;
and 4, step 4: determining the rotating speed, the printing sequence, the printing scanning area and the powder discharging range of the rotary powder bed according to the slicing parameters;
determining the rotating speed of the rotating powder bed to be matched with the slicing precision;
determining a printing order:
printing from the first spiral layer group to the mth spiral layer group in sequence;
in each spiral layer group, all the spiral layers are printed simultaneously by a printing device;
determining a print scan area:
different spiral layers in each spiral layer group are printed simultaneously by different printing devices respectively;
the spiral layers with the same serial number in each spiral layer group are printed by the same printing device;
the printing scanning area of each group of printing devices at least covers one sector area;
and 5: printing:
step 5.1, the rotary powder bed rotates at a constant speed and descends, and the powder paving compaction assembly evenly compacts the powder on a base plate of the rotary powder bed;
step 5.2, when the rotary powder bed rotates to a printing scanning area which passes through for the first time, all printing units are opened, the printing units are controlled to scan according to the determined scanning path and parameters, powder in the section of the printing model is melted, and the powder is solidified and deposited to form the section of the workpiece to be formed;
step 5.3, controlling the rotary powder bed to gradually reduce the height of j layer thicknesses in the process of rotating from 0 position to a circle, and finishing the spiral powder paving and printing of j layers;
step 5.4, entering a rotary powder bed to rotate and descend for the second round, printing a (j + 1) th layer and a (j + 2) th layer … … (a 2 j) th layer at the same time, continuing to rotate and descend for the third round, printing a 2j +1 th layer, a 2j +2 th layer … … a 3j th layer, rotating and descending for the fourth round, printing a 3j +1 th layer at the same time, and … … and a 4j layer … … of the 3j +2 th layer to continuously and spirally spread powder for printing;
and 5.5, closing the printing assembly until the printing of the workpiece is finished.
Further, the step 1 of slice parameter planning further comprises: and dividing each sector into q small sectors which are arranged along the radial direction, wherein q is a natural number.
Further, when the print scanning area is determined in step 4:
each electron gun or laser 311 in each group of printing units corresponds to the printing of x small sectors, wherein x is a natural number;
when determining the printing order:
printing the small sectors at intervals in each sector at the same time;
in step 4, the spot distance is also determined:
the distance between the light spots of two adjacent electron guns or lasers 311 which are used for printing simultaneously in each group of printing devices is larger than a set value, so that mutual interference is avoided.
Further, the set value is 100 nm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the printing efficiency is high;
according to the invention, a three-dimensional graph of a workpiece to be formed is divided into m spiral layer groups along the Z-axis direction; each spiral layer group comprises j spiral layers; the initial position of each spiral layer is different; each initial position corresponds to the position of each powder laying compaction device one by one; the three-dimensional graph of a workpiece to be formed is uniformly divided into n fan-shaped areas on an XOY surface by taking a C axis and a Z axis as parameters, the angle alpha of each fan-shaped area is 360/n, the Z value difference of adjacent fan-shaped areas is H/jn, j is the number of powder paving devices or printing units, the spiral slicing method is matched with continuous multi-spiral powder paving and multi-spiral printing, and a rotary powder bed rotates for one circle, so that multi-layer printing can be realized, and more efficient production can be realized.
2. The printing quality is high;
the shape of each slice area of the method is a sector, the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the sector are determined according to the size of a printed workpiece each time, and the included angle alpha of the sector is determined by the precision required by the printed workpiece and the equipment operation parameters. The method simplifies continuous spiral surface (forming an included angle-helix angle with the XOY surface) printing into horizontal surface printing. The horizontal printing area of each time is a sector, the height difference of each sector is H/jn (H is the screw pitch, n is the number of sectors in each week, and n is 360/alpha), so that the overall quality of the printing area is ensured.
3. The printing precision is high;
the invention is divided into a plurality of small sector areas which are arranged along the radial direction in each horizontal sector area printing surface, and different electron guns which are arranged along the radial direction are controlled to carry out accurate and ordered partition scanning and forming on the corresponding areas. The seamless connection of the printing ranges of two adjacent electron guns can be realized, and the local quality and the overall quality of a printing area are ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a conventional spiral printing method, an arrangement of electron guns;
1-rotating powder bed, 2-first area, 3-second area;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a printing apparatus according to an embodiment;
in the figure: 1-rotating a powder bed, 2-paving a powder compacting device, 3-printing a scanning area, 4-an electron gun or a laser, 41-an electron beam, 5-a powder cylinder and 6-a workpiece;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a spiral layer in the double spiral slice in the embodiment; a is a schematic diagram of a spiral layer, and b is a partial enlarged view of a;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a spiral layer group in the double spiral slice in the embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a spiral layer set in a triple-spiral slice in the embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of each sector in zones (when each set of printing devices includes 2 electron guns);
figure 7 is a schematic view of each sector in zones (when each set of printing devices includes 3 guns).
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments.
The slicing and printing method is suitable for electron beam metal additive manufacturing of large-size complex parts and can be applied to a multi-spiral printing device based on multiple electron guns.
The structure of the printing apparatus may be as shown in fig. 2:
the powder spreading and compacting device mainly comprises a rotary powder bed 1, a printing assembly and a powder spreading and compacting assembly, wherein the printing assembly comprises j groups of printing units, and each group of printing units comprises m electronic guns or lasers 4; the electron guns or lasers 4 in each group of printing units are arranged along the same straight line; each group of printing units form a printing scanning area 3 in the same radius area of the rotary powder bed 1, and the printing scanning areas 3 of each group of printing units are arranged in central symmetry with respect to the center of the rotary powder bed 1, namely are uniformly distributed on the upper surface of the rotary powder bed 1 along the same circumference; j is a positive integer of 1 or more, and m is a positive integer of 2 or more.
The powder spreading and compacting assembly is arranged right above the rotary powder bed 1 and is used for continuously spreading and strickling and compacting the powder on the rotary powder bed 1 in a spiral mode; the powder spreading and compacting assembly comprises j sets of powder spreading and compacting devices 2, and the projections of the powder spreading and compacting devices 2 on the rotary powder bed 1 are positioned in different radius areas of the rotary powder bed 1 and are arranged in a centrosymmetric manner; the powder spreading and compacting devices 2 form included angles between the projection of the rotating powder bed 1 and the printing scanning areas 3 of the printing units. In fig. 2, j is 2, m is 2, and the projection of each paving powder compacting device 2 on the rotating powder bed 1 forms an angle of 90 ° with the printing scanning area 3 of each group of printing units. In other embodiments, j and m may each be equal to any positive integer, depending on the actual printing situation.
Efficient continuous uninterrupted multi-spiral printing can be achieved by:
and 5, closing the printing assembly until the workpiece 6 is printed.
The present embodiment determines the scanning path in the following slicing manner:
equally dividing a three-dimensional model of a workpiece to be molded into m spiral layer groups along the Z-axis direction; the Z-direction height of each spiral layer group corresponds to one screw pitch;
each spiral layer group comprises j spiral layers; the initial positions of each layer of spiral layer are different, and the initial positions correspond to the positions of the powder laying compaction devices one by one; height H of the entire workpieceWorkpiece＝H*m；
Uniformly dividing a three-dimensional model of a workpiece to be formed into n fan-shaped areas on each layer of spiral layer by taking a C axis and a Z axis as parameters, wherein the angle alpha of each fan-shaped area is 360/n, and the Z value difference of adjacent fan-shaped areas is H/jn; wherein H is the pitch;
arranging a first spiral layer group:
the n sectors of the first spiral layer are respectively named as region 1, region 2 and region 3, region … … n; the n sectors of the second spiral layer are designated as the 1 'region, the 2' region, the 3 'region … … n' region, respectively; by analogy, the n sectors of the j-th spiral layer are respectively named as 1(j -1)′Zone, 2(j-1)′Zone, 3(j-1)′Region … … n(j-1)′A zone;
and (3) in the second spiral layer group:
the n sectors of the first spiral layer are respectively named as n +1 area, n +2 area, n +3 area … … 2n area; the n sectors of the second spiral layer are designated as n '+ 1, n' +2, n '+ 3 … … 2 n' regions, respectively; by analogy, the n fan-shaped regions of the j spiral layer are respectively named as n(j-1)′+1 zone, n(j-1)′+2 zone, n(j-1)′+3 regions … … 2n(j-1)′A zone;
and by analogy, in the mth spiral layer group:
the n sectors of the first spiral layer are respectively named as (m-1) n +1 area, (m-1) n +2 area, (m-1) n +3 area … … mn area; the n sectors of the second spiral layer are respectively named as (m-1) n ' +1 region, (m-1) n ' +2 region, (m-1) n ' +3 region … … m ' n ' region; by analogy, the n fan-shaped regions of the j-th spiral layer are respectively named as (m-1) n(j-1)′+1 zone (sm-1)n(j-1)′+2 zone, (m-1) n(j-1)′+3 zone … … m n(j-1)′A zone;
respectively obtaining the outlines of the workpieces corresponding to the sector areas according to the sequence of the area 1, the area 2 and the area 3 … n; similarly according to the 1 'region, the 2' region and the 3 'region … … n'; by analogy, according to 1(j-1)′Zone, 2(j-1)′Zone, 3(j-1)′Region … … n(j-1)′Respectively obtaining the outlines of the workpieces corresponding to the fan-shaped areas; completing a spiral layer group slice;
after completing a 360-degree circumference, sequentially entering the next spiral layer group slice, namely … … 2n areas according to an area n +1 area, an area n +2 area and an area n +3 area; n '+ 1 region, n' +2 region, n '+ 3 region … … 2 n' region; by analogy, n(j-1)′+1 zone, n(j-1)′+2 zone, n(j-1)′+3 regions … … 2n(j-1)′A zone;
and so on until the end layer; obtaining the outlines of the workpieces corresponding to all the fan-shaped areas;
and step 3: filling the workpiece outlines of the sector areas obtained in the step 2, and performing scanning path planning on the workpiece outlines obtained by processing to obtain scanning paths; the G code is output in the order from the start spiral layer group to the end spiral layer group.
Determining the rotating speed, the printing sequence, the printing scanning area and the powder discharging range of the rotary powder bed according to the slicing parameters;
determining the rotating speed of the rotating powder bed to be matched with the slicing precision;
determining a printing order:
printing from the first spiral layer group to the mth spiral layer group in sequence;
in each spiral layer group, all the spiral layers are printed simultaneously by a printing device;
determining a print scan area:
different spiral layers in each spiral layer group are printed simultaneously by different printing devices respectively;
the spiral layers with the same serial number in each spiral layer group are printed by the same printing device;
the printing scanning area of each group of printing devices at least covers one sector area;
after the technical scheme is adopted, the larger the n value is, the smaller the Z value difference of adjacent sectors is, the closer the upper surface of each spiral layer is to a continuous and smooth spiral surface, namely n → ∞ time, h → 0, and the upper surfaces of the sectors are seamlessly spliced into the smooth spiral surface.
The spiral slice of the invention simplifies each layer of spiral surface into a continuous n sectors with certain height difference and vertical to the Z axis, which is shown in figure 3 and figure 4. The height of the entire workpiece, hforkpiece, is H × m. The value of n is set according to the requirements of the surface precision of the workpiece, and is also set in consideration of the requirements of the printing speed and the equipment performance. Each zone is represented by a C-axis parameter (taking a value between 0 and 360m degrees) and a Z-axis parameter (taking a value between 0 and H x m).
In the case of double-spiral printing, the height difference in the Z-axis direction between adjacent sectors is H ═ H/2n (H is the pitch, and H/2 is the thickness of the printing layer), as shown in fig. 4.
For convenience of description, the two groups of printing units are respectively defined as a group A printing unit and a group B printing unit; two electron guns in the a-group printing unit are defined as an a1 electron gun and an a2 electron gun; the two electron guns in the B-group printing unit are defined as a B1 electron gun and a B2 electron gun.
The A1 electron gun and the A2 electron gun in the A group printing unit print in the order of the region 1, region 2, region 3 … … n region (first week), the region n +1, region n +2, region n +3 … … 2n region (second week), region … … (m-1) n + 1, (m-1) n +2 region, (m-1) n +3 region … … mn region;
the B1 electron gun and the B2 electron gun in the B-group printing unit print in the order of region 1 ', region 2', region 3 'region … … n' region '(first week), n' +1 region, n '+ 2 region, n' +3 region … … 2n 'region (second week) … … (m-1) n' +1 region, (m-1) n '+ 2 region, (m-1) n' +3 region … … m 'n' region. The A-group printing unit and the B-group printing unit print simultaneously.
If 3-spiral printing is adopted, the printing thickness of each spiral layer is H/3, and H is the thread pitch, as shown in figure 5. The rotating powder bed rotates according to the rotating direction in the figure, 3 spiral layers are included in one spiral layer group, each spiral layer is divided into n sectors, and the height difference of each adjacent sector in the Z-axis direction is H/3 n. Three powder spreading and compacting devices are respectively fixed above n, n 'and n', and three printing areas are respectively formed above the drawing A, B, C for A, B, C electron gun groups (printing units). The number of electron guns in each group of printing units is determined by the size of the circular ring, and the maximum size of the area of the scanning range of each electron gun is ensured not to exceed 200mm (here, the side length of a square). The A electron gun group prints in the order of region 1, region 2, region 3 … … n (first week), region n +1, region n +2, region n +3 … … 2n (second week), region 2n +1, region 2n +2, region 2n +3 … … nm; the B electron gun group prints in the order of the zone 1 'zone, the zone 2', the zone 3 '… … n' zone (first week), the n '+ 1 zone, the n' +2 zone, the n '+ 3 zone … … 2 n' zone (second week); the C electron gun group prints in the order of zone 1 ", zone 2", zone 3 "… … n" (first week), zone n "+ 1 … … zone n" m "(second week).
When the helical slicing is carried out, each sector can be further divided into q small sectors which are arranged along the radial direction, wherein q is a natural number. For example, in the case where each set of printing units includes two electron guns, which can be divided into 4 sectors arranged in the radial direction, as shown in fig. 6, each electron gun is responsible for printing of two adjacent sectors. Or it may be divided into 6 sectors arranged radially, each group of printing units comprising 3 guns, as shown in fig. 7, each gun being responsible for printing two adjacent sectors. The number of sectors and the number of guns can be selected according to actual needs.
In order to avoid the problem that the beam quality is affected by the mutual interference of the adjacent electron beams 33 working at the same time due to the close distance, the distance between the two adjacent electron gun spots for controlling the simultaneous printing must be larger than 100 mm.
As shown in fig. 6, each sector printing area is divided into 4 small sectors, namely, a, b, c and d sectors. a. The B region belongs to the printing scanning region of the A1 (or B1) electron gun, and the c and d regions belong to the printing scanning region of the A2 (or B2) electron gun. The size 144mm in FIG. 6 is not a fixed value, but may be 100mm or more.
In order to ensure the beam quality, the areas printed by the A1 and A2 at the same time cannot be connected and are more than 100mm away, and the areas printed at the same time according to the principle are as follows:
a and c;
a and d;
b and d.
If each set of printing units includes 3 electron guns, a1, a2 and A3, respectively, as shown in fig. 7, the areas a and b belong to the a1 electron gun print scan area, the areas c and d belong to the a2 electron gun print scan area, and the areas e and f belong to the A3 electron gun print scan area. The dimension 100mm in FIG. 7 is not a fixed value, but may be 100mm or more. In this case, the areas that can be printed simultaneously are arranged as follows according to the above principle:
a. c and e;
a. c and f;
b. d and f;
a. d and f.
By analogy, the multiple electron guns distributed in each group of printing units can perform partition slice printing according to the principle that adjacent light spots printed at the same time are larger than 100 mm.
Therefore, when the spiral slicing is carried out, the principle is considered, and then the printing area and the printing sequence of each electron gun are controlled, so that the quality of each electron beam can be effectively improved, and the printing quality is improved.
Claims (4)
1. An efficient continuous and uninterrupted multi-spiral slicing and printing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, slicing parameter planning:
dividing a three-dimensional model formed by combining a workpiece to be formed and a follow-up powder cylinder into m spiral layer groups uniformly along the Z-axis direction; the Z-direction height of each spiral layer group corresponds to one screw pitch;
each spiral layer group comprises j spiral layers; the initial positions of each layer of spiral layer are different, and the initial positions correspond to the positions of the powder spreading compaction devices 51 one by one; height H of the entire workpieceWorkpiece＝H*m；
Uniformly dividing the three-dimensional model into n fan-shaped areas on each layer of spiral layer by taking a C axis and a Z axis as parameters, wherein the angle alpha of each fan-shaped area is 360/n, and the Z value difference of adjacent fan-shaped areas is H/jn; wherein H is the pitch; the inner diameter and the outer diameter of each sector area are equal to those of the workbench; the area of the sector area needs to satisfy the following conditions: the print scan area 32 of each set of printing devices 31 covers at least one sector;
arranging a first spiral layer group:
the n sectors of the first spiral layer are respectively named as region 1, region 2 and region 3, region … … n; the n sectors of the second spiral layer are designated as the 1 'region, the 2' region, the 3 'region … … n' region, respectively; by analogy, the n sectors of the j-th spiral layer are respectively named as 1(j-1)′Zone, 2(j-1)′Zone, 3(j-1)′Region … … n(j-1)′A zone;
and (3) in the second spiral layer group:
the n sectors of the first spiral layer are respectively named as n +1 area, n +2 area, n +3 area … … 2n area; the n sectors of the second spiral layer are designated as n '+ 1, n' +2, n '+ 3 … … 2 n' regions, respectively; by analogy, the n fan-shaped regions of the j spiral layer are respectively named as n(j-1)′+1 zone, n(j-1)′+2 zone, n(j-1)′+3 regions … … 2n(j-1)′A zone;
and by analogy, in the mth spiral layer group:
the n sectors of the first spiral layer are respectively named as (m-1) n +1 area, (m-1) n +2 area, (m-1) n +3 area … … mn area; the n sectors of the second spiral layer are respectively named as (m-1) n ' +1 region, (m-1) n ' +2 region, (m-1) n ' +3 region … … m ' n ' region; by analogy, the n fan-shaped regions of the j-th spiral layer are respectively named as (m-1) n(j-1)′+1 zone, (m-1) n(j-1)′+2 zone, (m-1) n(j -1)′+3 zone … … m n(j-1)′A zone;
step 2, slicing the workpiece according to the slicing parameters planned in the step I:
respectively obtaining the outlines of the workpieces corresponding to the sector areas according to the sequence of the area 1, the area 2 and the area 3 … n; similarly according to the 1 'region, the 2' region and the 3 'region … … n'; by analogy, according to 1(j-1)′Zone, 2(j-1)′Zone, 3(j-1)′Region … … n(j-1)′Respectively obtaining the outlines of the workpieces corresponding to the fan-shaped areas; completing a spiral layer group slice;
after completing a 360-degree circumference, sequentially entering the next spiral layer group slice, namely … … 2n areas according to an area n +1 area, an area n +2 area and an area n +3 area; n '+ 1 region, n' +2 region, n '+ 3 region … … 2 n' region; by analogy, n(j-1)′+1 zone, n(j-1)′+2 zone, n(j-1)′+3 regions … … 2n(j-1)′A zone;
and so on until the end layer; obtaining the outlines of the workpieces corresponding to all the fan-shaped areas;
and step 3: filling the workpiece outlines of the sector areas obtained in the step II, and performing scanning path planning on the workpiece outlines obtained through processing to obtain scanning paths; outputting G codes from a starting layer to an ending layer;
and 4, step 4: determining the rotating speed, the printing sequence, the printing scanning area and the powder discharging range of the rotary powder bed according to the slicing parameters;
determining the rotating speed of the rotating powder bed to be matched with the slicing precision;
determining a printing order:
printing from the first spiral layer group to the mth spiral layer group in sequence;
in each spiral layer group, all the spiral layers are printed simultaneously by a printing device;
determining a print scan area:
different spiral layers in each spiral layer group are printed simultaneously by different printing devices respectively;
the spiral layers with the same serial number in each spiral layer group are printed by the same printing device;
the printing scanning area of each group of printing devices at least covers one sector area;
and 5: printing:
step 5.1, the rotary powder bed rotates at a constant speed and descends, and the powder paving compaction assembly evenly compacts the powder on a base plate of the rotary powder bed;
step 5.2, when the rotary powder bed rotates to a printing scanning area which passes through for the first time, all printing units are opened, the printing units are controlled to scan according to the determined scanning path and parameters, powder in the section of the printing model is melted, and the powder is solidified and deposited to form the section of the workpiece to be formed;
step 5.3, controlling the rotary powder bed to gradually reduce the height of j layer thicknesses in the process of rotating from 0 position to a circle, and finishing the spiral powder paving and printing of j layers;
step 5.4, entering a rotary powder bed to rotate and descend for the second round, printing a (j + 1) th layer and a (j + 2) th layer … … (a 2 j) th layer at the same time, continuing to rotate and descend for the third round, printing a 2j +1 th layer, a 2j +2 th layer … … a 3j th layer, rotating and descending for the fourth round, printing a 3j +1 th layer at the same time, and … … and a 4j layer … … of the 3j +2 th layer to continuously and spirally spread powder for printing;
and 5.5, closing the printing assembly until the printing of the workpiece is finished.
2. The efficient continuous, uninterrupted, multi-spiral slicing and printing method of claim 1, wherein the step 1 slicing parameter planning further comprises: and dividing each sector into q small sectors which are arranged along the radial direction, wherein q is a natural number.
3. The efficient continuous uninterrupted multi-spiral slicing and printing method of claim 2, wherein:
when the printing scanning area is determined in the step 4:
each electron gun or laser 311 in each group of printing units corresponds to the printing of x small sectors, wherein x is a natural number;
when determining the printing order:
printing the small sectors at intervals in each sector at the same time;
in step 4, the spot distance is also determined:
the distance between the light spots of two adjacent electron guns or lasers 311 which are used for printing simultaneously in each group of printing devices is larger than a set value, so that mutual interference is avoided.
4. The efficient continuous uninterrupted multi-spiral slicing and printing method of claim 3, wherein: the set value is 100 nm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011038825.4A CN112496338B (en) | 2020-09-28 | 2020-09-28 | Efficient continuous uninterrupted multilayer spiral slice and printing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011038825.4A CN112496338B (en) | 2020-09-28 | 2020-09-28 | Efficient continuous uninterrupted multilayer spiral slice and printing method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112496338A true CN112496338A (en) | 2021-03-16 |
| CN112496338B CN112496338B (en) | 2023-05-16 |
Family
ID=74953738
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011038825.4A Active CN112496338B (en) | 2020-09-28 | 2020-09-28 | Efficient continuous uninterrupted multilayer spiral slice and printing method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112496338B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116140650A (en) * | 2022-12-27 | 2023-05-23 | 辽宁新锋精密光电科技有限公司 | Metal powder spreading printing equipment and working method thereof |
Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20140191439A1 (en) * | 2013-01-04 | 2014-07-10 | New York University | Continuous Feed 3D Manufacturing |
| US20160167303A1 (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2016-06-16 | Arcam Ab | Slicing method |
| US20170173886A1 (en) * | 2014-07-13 | 2017-06-22 | Stratasys Ltd. | Method and system for rotational 3d printing |
| US20180085995A1 (en) * | 2013-01-04 | 2018-03-29 | New York University | 3d manufacturing using multiple material deposition and/or fusion sources simultaneously with single or multi-flute helical build surfaces |
| CN107876774A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-04-06 | 科大天工智能装备技术（天津）有限公司 | A kind of line laser spiral lift increasing material manufacturing equipment |
| CN108971484A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2018-12-11 | 通用电气公司 | Device and method for continuous increasing material manufacturing |
| US20190113907A1 (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2019-04-18 | General Electric Company | Scan path generation for a rotary additive manufacturing machine |
| US20190217542A1 (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2019-07-18 | Concept Laser Gmbh | Method for operating an apparatus for additively manufacturing of three-dimensional objects |
| CN110315079A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-10-11 | 西安增材制造国家研究院有限公司 | A kind of increasing material manufacturing device and manufacturing process |
| WO2019206546A1 (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2019-10-31 | Continental Reifen Deutschland Gmbh | Method and apparatus for applying a coating and/or three-dimensional structures to a rotating surface of a rotating body by irradiating powder layers with laser radiation |
| CN110461508A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2019-11-15 | 通用电气公司 | Scanning strategy for the effective use laser array in direct metal laser fusing (DMLM) |
-
2020
- 2020-09-28 CN CN202011038825.4A patent/CN112496338B/en active Active
Patent Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20140191439A1 (en) * | 2013-01-04 | 2014-07-10 | New York University | Continuous Feed 3D Manufacturing |
| US20180085995A1 (en) * | 2013-01-04 | 2018-03-29 | New York University | 3d manufacturing using multiple material deposition and/or fusion sources simultaneously with single or multi-flute helical build surfaces |
| US20170173886A1 (en) * | 2014-07-13 | 2017-06-22 | Stratasys Ltd. | Method and system for rotational 3d printing |
| US20160167303A1 (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2016-06-16 | Arcam Ab | Slicing method |
| CN110461508A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2019-11-15 | 通用电气公司 | Scanning strategy for the effective use laser array in direct metal laser fusing (DMLM) |
| CN108971484A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2018-12-11 | 通用电气公司 | Device and method for continuous increasing material manufacturing |
| US20190113907A1 (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2019-04-18 | General Electric Company | Scan path generation for a rotary additive manufacturing machine |
| CN107876774A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-04-06 | 科大天工智能装备技术（天津）有限公司 | A kind of line laser spiral lift increasing material manufacturing equipment |
| US20190217542A1 (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2019-07-18 | Concept Laser Gmbh | Method for operating an apparatus for additively manufacturing of three-dimensional objects |
| WO2019206546A1 (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2019-10-31 | Continental Reifen Deutschland Gmbh | Method and apparatus for applying a coating and/or three-dimensional structures to a rotating surface of a rotating body by irradiating powder layers with laser radiation |
| CN110315079A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-10-11 | 西安增材制造国家研究院有限公司 | A kind of increasing material manufacturing device and manufacturing process |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116140650A (en) * | 2022-12-27 | 2023-05-23 | 辽宁新锋精密光电科技有限公司 | Metal powder spreading printing equipment and working method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN112496338B (en) | 2023-05-16 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| RU2641578C2 (en) | Application head in additive manufacturing | |
| JP4112625B2 (en) | High-speed manufacturing system using laser melting of raw materials | |
| CN109434107B (en) | A multi-energy beam high-efficiency additive manufacturing method | |
| CN103639411B (en) | Scanning method for manufacturing three-dimensional object layer by layer | |
| CN105408039B (en) | Method and apparatus for increasing material manufacturing | |
| US6694207B2 (en) | Selective laser sintering with interleaved fill scan | |
| CN1921970B (en) | Method and device used to produce a set of control data for producing products by free-form sintering and/or melting, in addition to a device for the production thereof | |
| CN1022895C (en) | Method for manufacturing products by laser layer build-up welding | |
| CN112355325B (en) | EBSM equipment based on follow-up powder jar | |
| US20190143406A1 (en) | Additive manufacturing apparatus and method for large components | |
| US20040217095A1 (en) | Method for producing three-dimensional work pieces in a laser material machining unit or a stereolithography unit and unit for performing the method | |
| CN203843168U (en) | Equipment for high-energy-beam additive manufacturing large-size metal parts | |
| US20190009333A1 (en) | Selective laser melting system and method of using same | |
| JP2010228332A (en) | Manufacturing method of shaped objects | |
| EP3717208B1 (en) | Additive manufacturing apparatus and related process | |
| CN112317746B (en) | Molding method of EBSM equipment based on follow-up powder cylinder | |
| WO2020058722A1 (en) | A powder bed: additive manufacturing | |
| CN110733176A (en) | Light beam shaping mechanism, laser light source system, laser 3D printing equipment and method | |
| CN112475320A (en) | Multi-spiral slicing method | |
| CN112475322A (en) | Efficient continuous and uninterrupted multi-spiral printing device and method | |
| CN112496338A (en) | Efficient continuous and uninterrupted multilayer spiral slicing and printing method | |
| RU2664844C1 (en) | Method of additive manufacture of three-dimensional detail | |
| CN111922339A (en) | 3D printing method and device for powder bed | |
| JP2004122489A (en) | Apparatus for manufacturing three-dimensionally shaped object and method for manufacturing mold using same | |
| EP3944124A1 (en) | System and method of additively manufacturing a component with multiple processing strategies |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |