CN112471171B - Application of hemp stem field standing degumming agent for fibers and degumming process method - Google Patents

Abstract

An application of the hemp stem field standing degumming agent for fiber, which comprises glyphosate and one or more of ethyl triclopyr, 2-methyl-4-chloro and 2, 4-D, preferably consists of glyphosate and ethyl triclopyr, or consists of glyphosate and 2-methyl-4-chloro, or consists of glyphosate and 2, 4-D, a hemp stem field standing degumming process method for fiber, in the fiber hemp process maturation period, an unmanned aerial vehicle is adopted to spray the degumming agent to the target hemp plant standing in the hemp field, after reaching the degumming end point, the hemp plant is harvested as soon as possible, the method changes the traditional mode of prior art that the hemp stem is firstly harvested and then degummed, the stem is directly processed after harvesting, the degummed stem is uniform, the color and luster are consistent, the quality of the processed fiber is good, and the degumming agent and the degumming process method thereof have simple formula, simple process, simple operation and easy implementation, is beneficial to large-area popularization and application, and promotes the regeneration of the hemp degumming technology.

Description

Application of hemp stem field standing degumming agent for fibers and degumming process method

Technical Field

The invention relates to an application of a hemp stem degumming agent and a degumming process method, in particular to an application of a hemp stem field standing degumming agent for fibers and a degumming process method.

Background

Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.), namely hemp, sisal, Queen, hemp and the like, belongs to Cannabis annual dicotyledonous herbaceous plants in Cannabis of Cannabaceae, the types of cultivated species are male and female heterozygotes, hermaphrodite, hologynic, mature simultaneously and the like, the hemp belongs to crops of which the whole body is precious, the economic utilization value of roots, stems, leaves, flowers and seeds of the hemp is huge, the application field relates to spinning, papermaking, food, cosmetics, health care products, feed, decoration, building materials, medicines and the like, the cultivation and utilization history is long, the hemp has the development potential of a whole industrial chain, and many countries and regions in the world begin to release development of the hemp; the hemp fiber composition contains cellulose components, and also contains colloid components such as hemicellulose, pectin, lignin, fatty wax and the like, the existence of the colloid components can cause the hemp fiber to be in a stiff and rough adverse characteristic state, and the development and utilization of the hemp are seriously restricted, so the hemp fiber needs to be degummed before being used, the prior art is mainly used for degummed by using the hemp, such as rain degumming, mechanical degumming, chemical degumming, biological enzyme degumming and the like, wherein, the rain degumming process is generally applied in the actual production, the process is a hemp plant which is horizontally placed in the field after being harvested by using natural rain and dew, and the rain and the natural microorganisms existing in the dew are used for fermentation, so the hemp fiber is obtained, and the rain degumming process has the advantages of energy saving, environmental protection and low cost, however, the defects of long treatment period, low degumming efficiency, high labor intensity and great influence by geographical environment and climate conditions exist, particularly the problems of low success rate and great risk of rain and dew degumming treatment and extremely unstable fiber quality after treatment exist, so that the degumming of the hemp for fibers becomes a technical bottleneck restricting the planting and processing links of the hemp, and the degumming treatment technology of the hemp for fibers is urgently needed to be further perfected and developed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a hemp stalk field standing degumming agent for fibers and a hemp stalk field standing degumming process method applying the hemp stalk field standing degumming agent for fibers.

A hemp stem field standing debonding agent for fiber, comprising: glyphosate, and one or more components of triclopyr, 2-methyl-4-chloro and 2, 4-d.

In order to improve the functional effect, simplify the composition of components, reduce the preparation difficulty and labor intensity of the hemp stalk field standing degumming agent for fibers and improve the working efficiency, the hemp stalk field standing degumming agent for fibers is preferably selected, and consists of the glyphosate and the ethyl triclopyr, and the components are in percentage by weight: 30-37% of glyphosate and 63-70% of triclopyr ethyl ester, wherein the unit spraying application amount of the active ingredients is 280-320 g/mu.

Or, preferably, the hemp stem field standing degumming agent for the fibers consists of the glyphosate and the 2-methyl-4-chloro methyl chloride, and the components in percentage by weight are as follows: 79-86% of glyphosate and 14-21% of 2-methyl-4-chloro, and the unit spraying application amount of the active ingredients is 165-195 g/mu.

Or, the hemp stem field standing degumming agent for the fibers is also preferably composed of the glyphosate and the 2, 4-D, and the components in percentage by weight are as follows: 79-87% of glyphosate and 13-21% of 2, 4-D, wherein the unit spraying application amount of the active ingredients is 1, 30-160 g/mu.

A field standing degumming process method for hemp stalks for fibers uses the field standing degumming agent for the hemp stalks for fibers, and comprises the following steps:

step 1, namely, immediately preparing the hemp stem field standing degumming agent with the usage amount corresponding to the area of the sprayed target hemp field, adding water according to the spraying process requirement of the spraying mode of an agricultural unmanned aerial vehicle, respectively adding a synergist and an anti-floating agent according to the proportion of 20 ml/mu unit usage amount, and uniformly mixing to prepare a degumming agent working solution for directly spraying the target hemp field for later use;

step 2, in the mature period of the fiber hemp process, namely: in the full bloom period of the male flowers of the male and female marijuana or the male and female marijuana, the degumming agent working solution prepared in the step 1 is sprayed to the marijuana plants standing in the field of the target marijuana in an aerial spraying mode of an agricultural unmanned aerial vehicle, the agricultural unmanned aerial vehicle is kept to fly at low altitude during spraying, high-pressure spraying is carried out, the size of fog drops is proper (the average diameter is 150-300 microns), the spraying is uniform, the spraying weight is not leaked, the dosage is high and is not low, the degumming agent working solution is ensured to be comprehensively, uniformly and fully sprayed on the leaf surfaces of the marijuana plants, and no leakage points or leakage areas exist;

step 3, after spraying the degumming agent working solution for 4 weeks, and when the stems of the hemp are black and gray, starting to perform sensory monitoring on the degumming condition of the stems of the hemp in the field, wherein the monitoring interval period is 2-3 days, and determining that the degumming end point is reached when the sensory characteristic indexes of the stems of the hemp reach an equal-grade standard state by referring to the local standard of Heilongjiang province, namely rain and dew hemp stem (DB 23/T2331-2019);

and 4, after the degumming end point is determined to be reached, harvesting the hemp plants as soon as possible, wherein the harvesting must be carried out on a fine day, and the hemp plants are harvested, bundled and transported to a storage place or directly transported to a processing workshop for processing, so that the harvested hemp dry stems are quickly separated from the planted hemp field to avoid being drenched by rain or covered by snow.

Because the hemp is densely planted with high-plant crops, the distribution density of the plants in the hemp field is higher, the process characteristics of high-altitude spraying of the agricultural unmanned aerial vehicle are highly matched, the working solution of the degumming agent sprayed by the agricultural unmanned aerial vehicle at high altitude is adopted, the degumming agent working solution is not only free from rolling and pressing the hemp plants and is not limited by the terrain conditions of the land, but also beneficial to realizing digital accurate control, and has the advantages of good spraying uniformity, high working efficiency and excellent spraying effect, the synergist is added into the degumming agent working solution to increase the bonding and adsorption performance of the degumming agent working solution and the hemp stems and leaves, the detention time of fog drops of the degumming agent working solution on the leaf surfaces is prolonged, the action efficiency of the degumming agent working solution is improved, the anti-drift and anti-evaporation performance of the degumming agent working solution fog drops in the air are improved, the fog drops are prevented from excessively drifting out of the target hemp field, and the hemp plants in the target hemp field can not receive enough pesticide, the degumming effect is influenced, and meanwhile, the fog drops are prevented from floating to other adjacent crop plots to cause phytotoxicity and influence on the growth of other crops; preferably, the synergist is an organic silicon synergist, and the anti-floating agent is a high-efficiency working universal assistant.

Meanwhile, the leaves which grow vigorously in the mature period of the hemp process can be overlapped with each other to ensure that the field plants are highly closed and airtight, so most of the sprayed degumming agent working solution is sprayed on the leaves and inflorescence, is absorbed and conducted to the whole plants, is not scattered in the field basically, and the rest parts are weathered, volatilized and photolyzed except the absorption of the plants.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the technological process includes degumming before harvesting, post-degumming, controlling the water content of the dry stem below 10%, direct subsequent processing without need of drying treatment (such as head and head stacking), and fast evaporation of hemp fiber due to its fast drying property even if rain and fog are left on the plant surface, the dried stems have consistent color and luster throughout the field, and meanwhile, the degumming agent and the degumming process method thereof have the advantages of simple formula of the degumming agent, sufficient raw material medicament sources, simple degumming process, simple and convenient operation procedures, and capability of being implemented by farmers, are beneficial to large-area popularization and application in actual production, promote the update of hemp degumming treatment technology, and realize the major breakthrough of large-area standing high-quality, high-efficiency, energy-saving and environment-friendly degumming technology of hemp for fibers in fields.

Detailed Description

The technical solution claimed by the present invention is further described below with reference to the specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

A hemp stem field standing degumming agent for fibers is composed of glyphosate and triclopyr ethyl ester, and the components in percentage by weight are as follows: 32% of glyphosate and 68% of triclopyr ethyl ester.

The hemp stem field standing degumming agent for the fibers is used for carrying out hemp stem field standing degumming treatment on a target hemp field with a planting area of 50 mu (667 square meters per mu), and the following specific process method is adopted:

preparing the hemp stem field standing degumming agent with the use amount of 300 g of effective components per mu in real time, adding water, adding an organic silicon synergist and a high-efficiency additive according to the proportion of 20 ml/mu in unit use amount, uniformly mixing to prepare the degumming agent working solution for directly spraying to the target hemp field, spraying the degumming agent working solution to the hemp plants standing in the target hemp field in an agricultural unmanned aerial vehicle high-altitude spraying mode in the maturation period of the hemp process for the fibers, carrying out sensory observation, spraying the degumming agent working solution for 5 weeks, enabling the hemp stems to be silver gray and gray, degumming the dry stems to be moderate, enabling the hand feeling, visual observation and detection quality indexes of the fibers to be good, representing that the degumming treatment has reached a degumming end point, harvesting the hemp plants in real time under a sunny condition, and removing the harvested hemp plants from the planting field, completing the degumming treatment of the hemp stems; the moisture content of the harvested dry stems is lower than 10%, the long ramie rate of the processed dry stems is 16.5%, the short ramie rate is 4.3%, and the whole ramie rate is 20.8%.

Meanwhile, in the same target hemp field, as a control group, a rain and dew degumming comparison test is carried out on the produced hemp, and the hemp after degumming is detected after being processed, so that the dry stem long hemp rate is 6.0%, the short hemp rate is 9.3% and the whole hemp rate is 15.3%.

Example 2

A hemp stem field standing degumming agent for fibers is composed of glyphosate and 2-methyl-4-chloro-acetate, and the components in percentage by weight are as follows: 82% of glyphosate and 18% of 2-methyl-4-chloro.

The hemp stem field standing degumming agent for the fibers is used for carrying out hemp stem field standing degumming treatment on a target hemp field with a planting area of 50 mu (667 square meters per mu), and the following specific process method is adopted:

preparing the hemp stem field standing degumming agent with the use amount of 300 g of effective components per mu in real time, adding water, adding an organic silicon synergist and a high-efficiency additive according to the proportion of 20 ml/mu in unit use amount, uniformly mixing to prepare the degumming agent working solution for directly spraying to the target hemp field, spraying the degumming agent working solution to the hemp plants standing in the target hemp field in an agricultural unmanned aerial vehicle high-altitude spraying mode in the maturation period of the hemp process for the fibers, carrying out sensory observation, spraying the degumming agent working solution for 6 weeks, enabling the hemp stems to be silver gray and gray, degumming the dry stems to be moderate, enabling the hand feeling, visual observation and detection quality indexes of the fibers to be good, representing that the degumming treatment has reached a degumming end point, harvesting the hemp plants in real time under a sunny condition, and removing the harvested hemp plants from the planting field, completing the degumming treatment of the hemp stems; the moisture content of the harvested dry stems is lower than 10%, the long ramie rate of the processed dry stems is 13.6%, the short ramie rate is 5.4%, and the whole ramie rate is 19.0%.

Example 3

A hemp stem field standing degumming agent for fibers is composed of glyphosate and 2, 4-D, and the components in percentage by weight are as follows: 82% of glyphosate and 18% of 2, 4-D.

The hemp stem field standing degumming agent for the fibers is used for carrying out hemp stem field standing degumming treatment on a target hemp field with a planting area of 50 mu (667 square meters per mu), and the following specific process method is adopted:

preparing the hemp stem field standing degumming agent with the use amount of 145 g of effective components per mu in real time, adding water, adding an organic silicon synergist and a high-efficiency general auxiliary agent according to the proportion of 20 ml/mu in unit use amount, uniformly mixing to prepare the degumming agent working solution for directly spraying to the target hemp field, spraying the degumming agent working solution to the hemp field standing in the target hemp field in an agricultural unmanned aerial vehicle high-altitude spraying mode in the maturation period of the hemp process for the fibers, carrying out sensory observation, spraying the degumming agent working solution for 5 weeks, enabling the hemp stems to be gray black, enabling the dry stems to be moderate in degumming, enabling the fiber hand feeling, visual observation and detection quality indexes to be good, representing that the degumming treatment has reached the degumming end point, harvesting the hemp plants in real time under the sunny condition, and removing the harvested hemp plants from the planted hemp, completing the degumming treatment of the hemp stems; the moisture content of the harvested dry stems is lower than 10%, and the long ramie rate, the short ramie rate and the full ramie rate of the processed dry stems are 12.0%, 9.0% and 21.0%, respectively.

Therefore, the degumming treatment is carried out according to the hemp stem field standing degumming process methods in the embodiments 1 to 3, so that the ideal field standing degumming effect of the hemp for the fiber can be obtained, and the hemp stem field standing degumming process method also has better fiber quality; meanwhile, the rain and dew degumming comparative tests of the same hemp planting field in the embodiment 1, the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 3 show that the hemp dry stem obtained by degumming the hemp by using the hemp stem field standing degumming process method for the fiber, disclosed by the invention, has the advantages that the hemp content and the fiber quality are comprehensively superior to those of the hemp dry stem obtained by using the rain and dew degumming method, the process is simple, the operation procedure is simple and convenient, the operation and the control are easy, and the large-area popularization and application are facilitated.

Claims (6)

1. Use of a hemp stem field standing debonder for fiber, the hemp stem field standing debonder comprising: the glyphosate-free water-soluble pesticide comprises a component 1 and a component 2, wherein the component 1 is glyphosate, and the component 2 is one or more of triclopyr ethyl acetate, 2-methyl-4-chloro and 2, 4-D; it is characterized by being applied to the field standing degumming of the hemp stems for fibers.

2. The use of a hemp stem field standing debonder of claim 1 wherein: the glyphosate and the triclopyr ethyl ester comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 30-37% of glyphosate and 63-70% of triclopyr ethyl ester.

3. The use of a hemp stem field standing debonder of claim 1 wherein: the glyphosate and the 2-methyl-4-chloro compound are composed of the following components in percentage by weight: 79-86% of glyphosate and 14-21% of 2-methyl-4-chloro.

4. The use of a hemp stem field standing debonder of claim 1 wherein: the glyphosate-free aqueous solution is composed of the glyphosate and the 2, 4-D, and the components in percentage by weight are as follows: 79-87% of glyphosate and 13-21% of 2, 4-D.

5. A process for the field standing degumming of hemp stalks for fibers, using a field standing degumming agent for hemp stalks according to any of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

step 1, namely, immediately preparing the hemp stem field standing degumming agent with the usage amount corresponding to the area of the sprayed target hemp field, adding water according to the spraying process requirement of the spraying mode of an agricultural unmanned aerial vehicle, respectively adding a synergist and an anti-floating agent according to the proportion of 20 ml/mu unit usage amount, and uniformly mixing to prepare a degumming agent working solution for directly spraying the target hemp field for later use;

step 2, in the mature period of the fiber hemp process, namely: in the full bloom period of male and female marijuana or homosexal marijuana, the degumming agent working solution prepared in the step 1 is sprayed to the marijuana plants standing in the target marijuana field in an aerial spraying mode of an agricultural unmanned aerial vehicle, the agricultural unmanned aerial vehicle is kept flying at low altitude during spraying, the agricultural unmanned aerial vehicle is sprayed at high pressure, the average diameter of fog drops is 150-300 microns, the spraying is uniform, the spraying is not heavy and leaks, the dosage is high and is not low, the degumming agent working solution is ensured to be comprehensively, uniformly and fully sprayed on the leaf surfaces of the marijuana plants, and no missing points or leakage areas exist;

step 3, spraying the degumming agent working solution for 5-6 weeks, wherein the stems of the hemp are silvery gray, gray or gray black, the dry stems are degummed moderately, the fibers have good hand feeling, visual inspection and detection quality indexes, and the representation that the degumming treatment reaches the degumming end point;

and 4, after the degumming end point is determined to be reached, harvesting the hemp plants as soon as possible, wherein the harvesting must be carried out on a fine day, and the hemp plants are harvested, bundled and transported to a storage place or directly transported to a processing workshop for processing, so that the harvested hemp dry stems are quickly separated from the planted hemp field to avoid being drenched by rain or covered by snow.

6. The field standing degumming process for hemp stalks for fibers according to claim 5, characterized by: the synergist is an organic silicon synergist.