CN112470564A

CN112470564A - Rotary membrane soil separation device

Info

Publication number: CN112470564A
Application number: CN201910880328.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张亚新
Original assignee: Chifeng University
Current assignee: Chifeng University
Priority date: 2019-09-11
Filing date: 2019-09-11
Publication date: 2021-03-12

Abstract

本发明公开了一种旋转式膜土分离装置，圆筒形分离壳体、残膜入口、残膜出口、排土孔、摩擦轮以及摩擦轮驱动轴组成，圆筒形分离壳体一侧设置有残膜入口，另一侧设置有残膜出口；圆筒形分离壳体下部设置有排土孔；圆筒形分离壳体外壁与摩擦轮接触；摩擦轮中轴线外侧安装有摩擦轮驱动轴。本发明的有益效果是结构相对简单、可靠性高、可以连续高效的进行残膜除土操作，满足残膜捡拾机膜土分离的功能需求。The invention discloses a rotary membrane soil separation device, which consists of a cylindrical separation shell, a residual membrane inlet, a residual membrane outlet, a soil discharge hole, a friction wheel and a driving shaft of the friction wheel. One side of the cylindrical separation shell is provided with There is a residual film inlet, and the other side is provided with a residual film outlet; the lower part of the cylindrical separation shell is provided with a soil drain hole; the outer wall of the cylindrical separation shell is in contact with the friction wheel; the friction wheel drive shaft is installed on the outside of the central axis of the friction wheel . The beneficial effects of the invention are that the structure is relatively simple, the reliability is high, the residual film soil removal operation can be continuously and efficiently performed, and the functional requirements of the residual film pickup machine for membrane soil separation are met.

Description

Rotary membrane soil separation device

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and relates to a rotary membrane-soil separation device suitable for a farmland residual membrane recovery and cleaning machine.

Background

Since the last century, with the rapid development of the plastic industry, the plastic film mulching cultivation technology is widely applied to the fields, has the advantages of preserving heat, preserving soil moisture, inhibiting weed growth, improving soil aggregate structure, increasing crop yield and the like, and is the most effective yield increasing means in the current agricultural production. The mulching film technology is used in europe, the united states and japan since the fifties of the last century, and is rapidly widely used in the world due to remarkable economic benefits, but the agricultural plastic film is extremely difficult to degrade under natural conditions, and if the mulching film is left in soil, a series of serious damages are caused to the agricultural production, so that the mulching film must be timely recycled. At present, the mulching film coverage area and the usage amount of the mulching film are the first in China, the application of the mulching film technology is particularly wide in northeast and northwest areas of China, the cultivated land area of China using the mulching film has hundreds of millions of hectares, the annual mulching film usage amount also reaches millions of tons, and the mulching film becomes one of the essential agricultural production data in agricultural production of China. Because of the price factor, most of the plastic film materials used in China are polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride. The material is not easy to degrade even if being stored in soil for hundreds of years, and a large amount of residual film fragments are left in the soil during recovery, so that the water circulation is not smooth, the soil and air exchange is blocked, microorganisms in the soil are difficult to survive, the soil is hardened, salinization of the soil can be caused in some areas, the crop yield is greatly reduced, particularly, the saline soil is visible everywhere in the field after being blown, buried or burned, the living environment and the air quality of farmers are seriously polluted, and finally, the serious white pollution is caused.

At present, the domestic residual membrane recovery methods mainly comprise 3 methods, namely manual picking, use of a degradation membrane and mechanical recovery. The manual picking has the defects of low efficiency, large labor capacity, limited operation range and the like, and can not recover residual films buried in deep soil. The recycling mode is gradually eliminated along with the reduction of labor force and the improvement of the level of agricultural machinery. The degradable film is a novel environment-friendly mulching film, is mainly prepared by mixing plastic particle master batch and biodegradable master batch, and can be excellently decomposed into soil after being used; however, the degradable film has high cost and immature technology, is difficult to be accepted by broad farmers, particularly small and medium-sized farmers at the present stage, and is limited in domestic popularization. The mechanized recovery mode has the advantages of high efficiency and low cost, and the defects of two recovery modes of manual recovery and degradation membrane are overcome to a great extent. The research on the residual film recycling machinery in China starts earlier, and the earliest related patents can be traced back to the eighties of the last century. Research has been carried out to date, and various residual film recycling machines and tools have been developed, tested and popularized. Nevertheless, the residual film pollution phenomenon is still severe, the problems of low recovery rate of the residual film recycling machine and the like can not be solved well all the time, and most of areas still rely on manual residual film picking. In order to further improve the residual film recycling quality, the functional parts of the existing residual film recycling machine need to be researched systematically, carded and summarized in the structural characteristics and the operation principle, so as to provide guidance for further design and optimization of the residual film recycling machine.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the requirement of recovering and cleaning the residual films in the farmland, a rotary film-soil separating device is developed, and the device can separate out soil blocks doped in the residual films picked up by the residual film picking machine.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a rotary membrane-soil separation device comprises a cylindrical separation shell, a residual membrane inlet, a residual membrane outlet, a soil discharge hole, a friction wheel and a friction wheel driving shaft, wherein the residual membrane inlet is formed in one side of the cylindrical separation shell, and the residual membrane outlet is formed in the other side of the cylindrical separation shell; the lower part of the cylindrical separating shell is provided with a soil discharge hole; the outer wall of the cylindrical separating shell is contacted with the friction wheel; and a friction wheel driving shaft is arranged on the outer side of the central axis of the friction wheel.

The invention has the advantages of relatively simple structure, high reliability, continuous and efficient residual film soil removal operation and capability of meeting the functional requirement of film soil separation of the residual film picking machine.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

throughout the drawings, like reference numerals refer to like structures or elements, wherein:

1. the device comprises a cylindrical separation shell, 2, a residual film inlet, 3, a residual film outlet, 4, a soil discharge hole, 5, a friction wheel and 6, a friction wheel driving shaft.

Detailed Description

The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

In fig. 1, a residual film inlet (2) is arranged at one side of a cylindrical separation shell (1), and a residual film outlet (3) is arranged at the other side of the cylindrical separation shell; the lower part of the cylindrical separating shell (1) is provided with a soil discharging hole (4); the outer wall of the cylindrical separating shell (1) is contacted with the friction wheel (5); and a friction wheel driving shaft (6) is arranged on the outer side of the central axis of the friction wheel (5).

Claims

1. A rotary membrane-soil separation device comprises a cylindrical separation shell (1), a residual membrane inlet (2), a residual membrane outlet (3), a soil discharge hole (4), a friction wheel (5) and a friction wheel driving shaft (6); the method is characterized in that: one side of the cylindrical separation shell (1) is provided with a residual film inlet (2), and the other side is provided with a residual film outlet (3); the lower part of the cylindrical separating shell (1) is provided with a soil discharging hole (4); the outer wall of the cylindrical separating shell (1) is contacted with the friction wheel (5); and a friction wheel driving shaft (6) is arranged on the outer side of the central axis of the friction wheel (5).