CN112449974B - Method for manually promoting quick forestation of populus euphratica young forest - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for artificially promoting rapid forest formation of Populus euphratica young forests, and relates to the field of agriculture. It is a method for artificially promoting rapid forest formation of Populus euphratica young forests. The specific method is: selecting a planting site, and the soil of the planting site is fertile and loose sandy loam or soil. In light saline-alkali land, use an excavation device to dig multiple deep planting holes and lay nurseries in the deep planting holes; after the seedlings grow into finished saplings, move the finished saplings to the nursery, and use auxiliary growth devices to protect the roots of the saplings; in the nursery Lay plastic film on the top of the tree; regularly water the roots of the saplings to completely infiltrate the roots of the saplings and the root soil; this can provide a stable growth environment for the saplings when cultivating Populus euphratica seedlings, so that the saplings can grow stably and rapidly during their maturity period, and reduce transplantation The root and stem damage of the subsequent seedlings will be reduced, and the mortality of the seedlings will be reduced to achieve rapid forest establishment of Populus euphratica.

Description

A method for artificially promoting rapid forest formation of Populus euphratica seedlings

Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of agriculture, and more specifically, to a method for artificially promoting rapid forest formation of Populus euphratica young forests.

Background technique

Natural desert vegetation relies on surface water formed by rain. The aquifer is closely related to the amount of rainfall. The humidity is generally relatively high within one meter. Natural woody, herbaceous, moss, fungi and other organisms basically rely on this layer. Water is needed to survive. Since rainfall in desert areas is less than evaporation, surface rainwater in many areas seeps under the wet layer, forming a dry soil layer of more than one meter in some areas. When the surface water formed by rainwater cannot nourish the established vegetation, and the roots of the vegetation cannot penetrate the dry soil layer below and absorb the moisture from the wet layer below the dry soil layer, a large number of vegetation will die. Year after year, if the vegetation does not block the wind, the wind will blow up the sand, forming a desert. Over time, this vicious cycle will seriously affect the environment.

Often growing in deserts, it is cold-resistant, drought-resistant, salt-alkali-resistant, wind-sand-resistant, and has strong vitality. "Populus euphratica survives for a thousand years when it is born, it survives for a thousand years when it dies, and it survives for a thousand years when it falls." Populus euphratica is the only tree species growing in the desert and is very precious, comparable to the ginkgo tree known as the "living plant fossil". It was once widely distributed in the temperate warm-temperate regions of western China, including Thousand Buddha Cave in Kuqa, Xinjiang, Blacksmith Valley in Dunhuang, Gansu, and Pinglong, Shanxi.

The survival rate of Populus euphratica cutting propagation is low, so the afforestation tree species of Populus euphratica are mainly sown seedlings. Due to the well-developed and upright main roots of Populus euphratica seedlings and the scarcity of lateral roots, the quality of afforestation by sowing seedlings in arid desert areas is poor and the survival rate of afforestation is low. At the same time, Populus euphratica seedlings were sown too densely and water and fertilizer could not keep up, so some seedlings did not grow very large.

The existing methods of transplanting Populus euphratica seedlings are to open a border and prepare the land for planting in trenches and to transplant Populus euphratica with the help of inserted poles. The trench planting method involves digging trenches for transplanting, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and labor-intensive. The method of transplanting Populus euphratica with the aid of inserting poles uses insertion poles to transplant seedlings, which easily exposes the roots of Populus euphratica and causes the tree itself to lose water. Reasons such as lack of maintenance and management of transplanted trees easily affect the survival rate of transplanted Populus euphratica seedlings.

Contents of the invention

1. Technical problems to be solved

In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for artificially promoting the rapid growth of Populus euphratica seedlings, which can provide a stable growth environment for the saplings when cultivating the Populus euphratica seedlings, so that the saplings can grow and mature stably and quickly. During this period, the root and stem damage of the transplanted seedlings will be reduced, and the mortality of the seedlings will be reduced to achieve the rapid establishment of Populus euphratica trees.

2.Technical solutions

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

A method for artificially promoting rapid forest formation of Populus euphratica young forests. The specific method is:

S1, select the planting site, use an excavation device to dig multiple deep planting holes, and lay nurseries in the deep planting holes;

S2, after the seedlings grow into finished saplings, move the finished saplings to the nursery, and use auxiliary growth devices to protect the roots of the saplings;

S3, lay plastic film on the nursery;

S4. Water the roots of the saplings regularly to completely infiltrate the roots of the saplings and the root soil;

Furthermore, the planting site in step S1 is selected in a place that is ventilated and conducive to irrigation and drainage, and the soil is fertile and loose sandy loam or lightly saline-alkali soil.

Furthermore, the regular watering frequency in step S4 is twice a year, loosen the soil promptly after watering or raining, weed 4 times a year, topdress 1-2 times, and thin seedlings 2 times to maintain a reasonable density. Appropriately knock off some leaves at the lower part of the seedlings to facilitate light and ventilation, lower the surface temperature, and prevent rust fungi from having a chance to move.

Further, the nursery in step S1 includes a soil-fixed layer, an auxiliary growth device is inserted into the soil-fixed layer, a culture layer is filled in the auxiliary growth device, and both the culture layer and the soil-fixed layer are laid There is a floating soil layer, and sand and gravel aggregates are laid between the solid soil layer and the floating soil layer. The nursery fixes and retains water for the saplings to provide a stable environment for the growth of the saplings.

Further, the auxiliary growth device includes a transplantation box. An annular groove is dug at the bottom of the transplantation box. A protective film is fixedly connected to the annular groove. A pair of fixing brackets are placed in the transplanting box. The fixing brackets A plurality of evenly distributed chutes are drilled on the chutes, and a resource storage board is slidably connected in the chutes. A pair of movable tubes are fixedly connected to the transplant box, and the movable tubes penetrate the transplant box and are fixedly connected to the fixed frame. The end of the movable pipe away from the fixed frame is connected to a drip irrigation pipe. The outer wall of the transplant box is fixedly connected with a positioning sleeve that matches the drip irrigation pipe. The positioning sleeve is fixedly connected to the drip irrigation pipe. Two adjacent ones are connected to the drip irrigation pipe. The transplanting boxes are connected through positioning sleeves, and the roots of the saplings are protected through auxiliary growth devices to ensure normal growth of the roots of the saplings during early transplantation.

Further, the resource storage board includes a fiber board, and a self-degrading layer is fixedly connected to both ends of the fiber board. A plurality of evenly distributed coagulation balls are fixedly connected to the self-degradation layer, and the coagulation balls are filled with microorganisms. Bacteria colony, the outer wall of the coagulation ball is covered with a water-soluble film, the self-degrading layer is made of plant fiber, and microorganisms are stored in the coagulation ball. After the nursery 1 is watered, the microorganisms in the coagulation ball are activated and return to the nursery. Spread within to loosen soil in the nursery.

Further, a plastic film is laid on the upper surface of the floating soil layer, and the plastic film is bonded to the top of the transplant box. The plastic film includes a pair of sand-proof nets, and a water-retaining net is connected between the pair of sand-proof nets. Membrane, the sand control net is drilled with multiple evenly distributed through holes to reduce soil water evaporation through the plastic film.

Further, the step of moving the cultivated finished saplings to the transplantation area is: insert the finished saplings into the transplanting box, use a pair of fixing frames to clamp the saplings, and then lay a culture layer in the transplanting box to solidify the soil. The culture layer on the upper layer is connected with the culture layer in the transplant box, and finally the floating soil layer is laid.

3. Beneficial effects

Compared with the existing technology, the advantages of the present invention are:

(1) This program can provide a stable growth environment for the saplings when cultivating Populus euphratica seedlings, so that the saplings can grow stably and rapidly into maturity, reduce root and stem damage of transplanted seedlings, and reduce seedling mortality, so as to achieve rapid growth of Populus euphratica. Forest.

(2) The regular watering frequency in step S4 is to water twice a year, loosen the soil promptly after watering or raining, weed 4 times a year, topdress 1-2 times a year, and thin seedlings 2 times to maintain a reasonable density. Appropriately knock off some leaves at the lower part of the seedlings to facilitate light and ventilation, lower the surface temperature, and prevent rust fungi from having a chance to move.

(3) The nursery in step S1 includes a solid soil layer. An auxiliary growth device is inserted into the solid soil layer. The auxiliary growth device is filled with a culture layer. Both the culture layer and the solid soil layer are laid with a floating soil layer. The solid soil layer is connected with the solid soil layer. Sand and gravel aggregates are laid between the floating soil layers, and the nursery is used to fix and retain water for the saplings, providing a stable environment for the growth of the saplings.

(4) The auxiliary growth device includes a transplant box. An annular groove is drilled at the bottom of the transplant box. A protective film is fixedly connected to the annular groove. A pair of fixed frames are placed in the transplant box, and a plurality of evenly distributed holes are drilled on the fixed frames. The chute has a resource storage board slidingly connected in the chute, and a pair of movable tubes are fixedly connected to the transplant box. The movable tubes penetrate the transplant box and are fixedly connected to the fixed frame. The end of the movable tube away from the fixed frame is connected with a drip irrigation pipe. The outer wall of the box is fixedly connected with a positioning sleeve that matches the drip irrigation pipe. The positioning sleeve is fixedly connected to the drip irrigation pipe. Two adjacent transplanting boxes are connected through the positioning sleeve. The roots of the saplings are protected by the auxiliary growth device to ensure the early stage. The roots of the sapling grow normally when transplanted.

(5) The resource storage board includes fiberboard. Both ends of the fiberboard are fixedly connected with a self-degrading layer. A plurality of evenly distributed coagulation balls are fixedly connected to the self-degradation layer. The coagulation balls are filled with microbial colonies, and the outer walls of the coagulation balls are covered with It is covered with a water-soluble film, and the self-degrading layer is made of plant fiber. Microorganisms are stored in the coagulating ball. After the nursery 1 is watered, the microorganisms in the coagulating ball are activated and spread in the nursery to loosen the soil of the nursery.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a perspective view of the transplant box of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the nursery of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the microbial colony in Figure 3;

Figure 5 is a top view of multiple nurseries of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the plastic film of the present invention.

Description of numbers in the figure:

1 nursery, 101 solid soil layer, 102 culture layer, 103 sand and gravel aggregate, 104 floating soil layer, 2 transplanting box, 3 fixed frame, 4 resource storage board, 401 fiber board, 402 self-degrading layer, 403 solidification ball, 5 movable tube , 6 drip irrigation pipes, 7 positioning casings, 8 plastic films, 801 sand-proof nets, 802 water-retaining films.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on The embodiments of the present invention and all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top/bottom", etc. are based on the orientation shown in the drawings. or positional relationships are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stated and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "set/connected", "connected", etc., should be understood in a broad sense, such as " "Connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, or it can be inside two components of connectivity. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood on a case-by-case basis.

Example 1:

Please refer to Figure 1-6, a method of artificially promoting rapid forest establishment of Populus euphratica young forests. The specific method is:

S1, select the planting site. The planting site should be selected in a place that is ventilated and conducive to irrigation and drainage. The soil should be fertile and loose sandy loam or light saline-alkali soil. Use an excavation device to dig multiple deep planting holes and lay a nursery in the deep planting holes. Step 1, S1 The nursery 1 in includes a soil-fixing layer 101. The soil-fixing layer 101 is a soil layer that is not easily lost. Those skilled in the art can use existing appropriate means to reinforce the soil-fixing layer, such as installing reinforcement piles, etc., within the soil-fixing layer 101. An auxiliary growth device is plugged in, and the auxiliary growth device is filled with a culture layer 102. The culture layer 102 is composed of nutrient soil. A floating soil layer 104 is laid on both the culture layer 102 and the solid soil layer 101. The solid soil layer 101 and the floating soil layer 104 are Sand and gravel aggregate 103 is laid in between, and the nursery 1 fixes and retains water for the saplings to provide a stable environment for the growth of the saplings. In this plan, when planting the Populus euphratica forest, nursery 1 is first laid to transform the cultivation soil of Populus euphratica to ensure its stability. The growing environment can prevent local soil collapse and migration from affecting the growth of Populus euphratica;

S2, after the seedlings grow into finished saplings, move the finished saplings to nursery 1. The roots of the finished saplings carry part of the native soil. Use auxiliary growth devices to protect the roots of the saplings. When installing the auxiliary growth devices, place the saplings in transplant box 2. between a pair of fixed frames 3 inside, so that the native soil carried by the roots will fill the gap between the fixed frames 3, and then select a resource storage board 4 of appropriate thickness to snap into the gap between the end faces of the pair of fixed frames 3; then Lay the culture layer 102 in the transplant box 2, so that the culture layer 102 on the solid soil layer 101 is connected with the culture layer 102 in the transplant box 2, and finally lay the floating soil layer 104, so that the culture layer 102 inside and outside the transplant box 2 is connected;

S3, lay the plastic film 8 on the nursery 1, and lay the plastic film 8 on the upper surface of the floating soil layer 104. The plastic film 8 is bonded to the top of the transplant box 2. The plastic film 8 includes a pair of sand-proof nets 801 and a pair of sand-proof nets 801. A water-retaining film 802 is connected between the nets 801, and a plurality of evenly distributed through holes are drilled on the sand-proof net 801 to reduce the evaporation of soil moisture through the plastic film 8;

S4. Water the roots of the saplings regularly to completely infiltrate the roots of the saplings and the root soil;

The regular watering frequency in step S4 is to water twice a year, loosen the soil promptly after watering or raining, weed 4 times a year, topdress 1-2 times, and thin seedlings 2 times to maintain a reasonable density. Appropriately knock off some leaves at the lower part of the seedlings to facilitate light and ventilation, lower the surface temperature, and prevent rust fungi from having a chance to move.

Please refer to Figure 2-5. The auxiliary growth device includes a transplant box 2. An annular groove is drilled at the bottom of the transplant box 2. The annular groove is located outside the fixing frame 3. A protective film is fixedly connected in the annular groove. There are a pair of protective films placed in the transplant box 2. Fixed frame 3. After the sapling is transplanted, the native soil carried by the roots of the sapling will fill the space between the pair of fixed frames 3. A plurality of evenly distributed chutes are dug on the fixed frame 3, and a resource storage board 4 is slidingly connected in the chute. , there is a pair of movable tubes 5 fixedly connected to the transplanting box 2, which can be pushed into the drip irrigation pipe 6. The movable tubes 5 penetrate the transplanting box 2 and are fixedly connected to the fixed bracket 3. The technician can adjust the pair of fixed brackets 3 by pushing the movable tube 5. There are a plurality of drip irrigation holes drilled at one end of the movable pipe 5 close to the fixed frame 3, and a drip irrigation pipe 6 is connected to the end of the movable pipe 5 away from the fixed frame 3. The outer wall of the transplant box 2 is fixedly connected with the drip irrigation pipe 6. The matching positioning sleeve 7 is fixedly connected to the drip irrigation pipe 6. Two adjacent transplanting boxes 2 are connected through the positioning sleeve 7. The roots of the saplings are protected by the auxiliary growth device to ensure that the roots of the saplings are normal during early transplantation. To grow, an electromagnetic three-way valve is connected between the drip irrigation pipes 6 of two adjacent transplanting boxes 2. The electromagnetic three-way valve is connected to an external irrigation and water supply system. The irrigation and water supply system is an existing technology.

Please refer to Figure 2-4. The resource saving board 4 includes a fiber board 401. The fiber board 401 is a hard fiber board made of plant fiber materials. The main material is bamboo fiber or sawdust. Both ends of the fiber board 401 are fixedly connected with a self-degrading layer 402. , The self-degrading layer 402 is made of soft fiber board made of plant fiber materials. The main material is pulp, etc. The fiber board 401 and the self-degrading layer 402 can be quickly degraded in the soil. The self-degrading layer 402 is fixedly connected with multiple uniformly distributed solidification layers. Ball 403, the coagulating ball 403 is filled with microbial colonies, and the outer wall of the coagulating ball 403 is covered with a water-soluble film. After the nursery 1 is watered, the microorganisms in the coagulating ball 403 are activated and spread in the nursery 1 to treat the nursery 1. When the soil is loosened and the tree grows, the trunk diameter gradually expands, so that the trunk of the sapling gradually pushes the resource storage board 4 outward. Since the self-degrading layer 402 is degraded in the soil, during the growth of the sapling, it is located in the culture layer 102 The degradation layer 402 gradually decomposes, causing the microorganisms in the coagulation ball 403 to be released into the culture layer 102, thereby increasing the activity of soil microorganisms and improving the breathability of the nursery 1.

During the growth of the saplings, water is input into the movable tube 5 of the drip irrigation pipe 6, so that the water drips into the outside of the fixed frame 3, so that the microorganisms outside the fixed frame 3 breed faster, and the microorganisms in the soil between a pair of fixed frames 3 breed faster. Slowly, the degradation layer 402 in the culture layer 102 is degraded earlier than the degradation layer 402 in the fixed frame 3, so that the resource storage board 4 is gradually pushed out during the growth process of the sapling. When the resource storage board 4 is completely pushed out and fixed, The rack 3 or the resource storage board 4 is completely degraded, so that the rhizomes of the saplings in the pair of fixed racks 3 can spread into the culture layer 102. As the saplings become fully mature, their rhizomes penetrate the protective film on the annular hole at the bottom of the transplant box 2 and spread. to the solid soil layer 101. In this way, the saplings can be guaranteed to grow in the native soil environment when they are first transplanted, so that the roots of the saplings will not be damaged or sick due to changes in the growth environment. When the rhizomes grow to sufficient strength, the resource storage board 4 will degrade or be damaged by the rhizomes. Pushed into the culture layer 102, the rhizome expands in the culture layer 102 with sufficient nutrition and moisture. When the rhizome is fully mature, it enters the solid soil layer 101 with poor nutritional environment and continues to reproduce. Finally, its rhizome spreads to the surrounding desert.

After the new Populus euphratica seedlings are transplanted, this program provides a suitable growth environment for the rhizomes at multiple stages of seedling growth, ensuring that the rhizomes are not easily damaged during growth, reducing rhizome damage, and allowing the rhizomes to quickly absorb nutrients to promote the growth of the saplings, thereby enabling the seedlings to grow. The saplings mature quickly. Use this solution to collectively transplant Populus euphratica seedlings in multiple nurseries 1 so that they can quickly grow into Populus euphratica forests.

The above are only preferred specific embodiments of the present invention; however, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person familiar with the technical field who is familiar with the technical field shall make equivalent substitutions or changes based on the technical solutions and improvement concepts of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and shall be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A method for artificially promoting the rapid growth of Populus euphratica young forests, which is characterized by: the specific method is: S1, select the planting site, use an excavation device to dig multiple deep planting holes, and lay nurseries in the deep planting holes (1); S2, after the seedlings grow into finished saplings, move the finished saplings to the nursery (1), and use auxiliary growth devices to protect the roots of the saplings; S3, lay plastic film (8) on the nursery (1); S4, water the roots of the saplings regularly to completely infiltrate the roots of the saplings and the soil at their roots; The nursery (1) in step S1 includes a soil-fixing layer (101), an auxiliary growth device is inserted into the soil-fixation layer (101), and a culture layer (102) is filled in the auxiliary growth device. A floating soil layer (104) is laid on both the culture layer (102) and the solid soil layer (101), and sand and gravel aggregate (103) is laid between the solid soil layer (101) and the floating soil layer (104); The auxiliary growth device includes a transplant box (2). An annular groove is drilled at the bottom of the transplant box (2). A protective film is fixedly connected to the annular groove. A pair of fixed devices are placed in the transplant box (2). Frame (3), the fixed frame (3) is drilled with a plurality of evenly distributed chutes, a resource storage board (4) is slidingly connected in the chutes, and a pair of the transplant box (2) are fixedly connected. Movable tube (5). The movable tube (5) penetrates the transplant box (2) and is fixedly connected to the fixed frame (3). The end of the movable tube (5) away from the fixed frame (3) is connected with a drip irrigation pipe ( 6), the outer wall of the transplant box (2) is fixedly connected with a positioning sleeve (7) that matches the drip irrigation pipe (6), and the positioning sleeve (7) is fixedly connected with the drip irrigation pipe (6). Two adjacent transplant boxes (2) are connected through positioning sleeves (7); The resource storage board (4) includes a fiber board (401). Both ends of the fiber board (401) are fixedly connected with a self-degrading layer (402). The self-degrading layer (402) is fixedly connected with a plurality of uniformly distributed solidification layers. Ball (403), the coagulation ball (403) is filled with microbial colonies, the outer wall of the coagulation ball (403) is covered with a water-soluble film, and the self-degrading layer (402) is made of plant fiber. 2. A method for artificially promoting rapid forest formation of Populus euphratica young forests according to claim 1, characterized in that: the planting site in step S1 is selected in a place that is ventilated and conducive to irrigation and drainage, and the soil is fertile and loose sandy loam or lightly saline-alkali land. . 3. A method for artificially promoting rapid forest formation of Populus euphratica young forests according to claim 1, characterized in that: the regular watering frequency in step S4 is watering twice a year, loosening the soil in time after watering or raining, and weeding every year. 4 times, topdressing 1-2 times, thinning 2 times, maintaining a reasonable density, appropriately knocking off some leaves at the lower part of the seedlings, which facilitates light transmission and ventilation, lowers the surface temperature, and does not give rust fungi a chance to move. 4. A method for artificially promoting rapid forest formation of Populus euphratica seedlings according to claim 3, characterized in that: a plastic film (8) is laid on the upper surface of the floating soil layer (104), and the plastic film (8) Adhered to the top of the transplant box (2), the plastic film (8) includes a pair of sand-proof nets (801), and a water-retaining film (802) is connected between the pair of sand-proof nets (801). The anti-sand net (801) is drilled with a plurality of evenly distributed through holes. 5. A method for artificially promoting rapid forest growth of Populus euphratica seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step of moving the cultivated finished saplings to the nursery (1) is: inserting the finished saplings into the transplanting box (2) inside, and use a pair of fixing frames (3) to clamp the saplings, and then lay a culture layer (102) in the transplant box (2), so that the culture layer (102) on the soil-fixing layer (101) is in contact with the transplant box (2) ), the inner culture layer (102) is connected, and finally the floating soil layer (104) is laid.