CN112373926B - 一种光催化自气调果蔬保鲜袋 - Google Patents
一种光催化自气调果蔬保鲜袋 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种光催化自气调果蔬保鲜袋,保鲜袋的袋体包括主体支撑层以及负载有光催化颗粒和乙烯抑制剂的光催化功能层,所述光催化功能层设置在主体支撑层靠近袋体内腔的一侧,还包括防水功能层,所述防水功能层设置在主体支撑层靠近外界的一侧,所述光催化功能层由光催化功能涂料固化而成,所述光催化功能涂料包括重量比例为0.01~10份的表面具有包覆层的光催化纳米二氧化钛颗粒、0.001~0.2份的缓释型乙烯抑制剂以及0.001~10份的粘接剂,结构简单,生产简便,可有效延缓果蔬成熟,实现果蔬保鲜期的延长目的。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及果蔬保鲜袋的技术领域,特别是一种光催化自气调果蔬保鲜袋的技术领域。
背景技术
生鲜水果、蔬菜在采摘后仍继续进行着呼吸作用,发生营养成分的氧化,放出热量,产生水分、二氧化碳和乙烯等代谢产物。在常温、裸放的环境下,果蔬呼吸速率强,容易衰老和失去水分,进而失去商业价值。
市场上现有的保鲜袋大多为PE或者PVC材质的不透气保鲜袋,会形成密闭环境,导致乙烯无法及时排除。有的保鲜袋会在内部涂抹化学或者生物保鲜剂,利用化学原理,对细菌微生物以及促进水果成熟的乙烯进行杀灭和消除,达到果蔬保鲜的目的。CN205240214U公开了一种水果保鲜袋,这种保鲜袋分为5层结构,结构中间夹着两种缓释的化学保鲜剂,不仅结构复杂,而且生产十分麻烦。CN201923431U公开了一种果蔬保鲜袋,由两层组成,内层吸水层,用于吸收果蔬呼吸释放的水分,外层透水层,使内部吸收的水分可以及时排出,此种结构对细菌微生物没有作用,尤其是在潮湿环境下,其内部的细菌非常容易滋生。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是解决现有技术中的问题,提出一种光催化自气调果蔬保鲜袋,结构简单,生产简便,可有效延缓果蔬成熟,实现果蔬保鲜期的延长目的。
为实现上述目的,本发明通过以下技术方案来实现:
一种光催化自气调果蔬保鲜袋,保鲜袋的袋体包括主体支撑层以及负载有光催化颗粒和乙烯抑制剂的光催化功能层,所述光催化功能层设置在主体支撑层靠近袋体内腔的一侧。
作为优选,还包括防水功能层,所述防水功能层设置在主体支撑层靠近外界的一侧且带有微孔。
作为优选,所述主体支撑层采用聚丙烯纺粘无纺布。
作为优选,所述光催化功能层由光催化功能涂料固化而成,所述光催化功能涂料包括重量比例为0.01~10份的表面具有包覆层的光催化纳米二氧化钛颗粒、0.001~0.2份的缓释型乙烯抑制剂以及0.001~10份的粘接剂。
作为优选,所述包覆层为羟基磷灰石、蒙脱土或者二氧化硅。
作为优选,所述缓释型乙烯抑制剂为微胶囊乙烯抑制剂。
作为优选,所述微胶囊乙烯抑制剂的制备方法为,称取1~3份的环糊精和100份的蒸馏水,加热至25~35℃后,溶解配置成环糊精的饱和水溶液,待冷却至18~22℃后,加入0.01~0.02份的乙烯抑制剂,然后在25~35℃下高速搅拌20~40min调制成糊状,再在90~110℃下真空干燥18~30h。
作为优选,所述粘接剂为丙烯酸树脂、聚氨酯树脂和有机硅树脂其中的一种或几种的组合。
作为优选,所述防水功能层为采用淋膜工艺涂覆于主体支撑层的表面上PP膜或者PE膜,所述PP膜或者PE膜内添加了重量比例为0.01~0.1%的可溶性高分子。
作为优选,所述可溶性高分子为PEO或PVA其中的一种或两种的组合。
本发明的有益效果:
1.通过光催化功能层的光催化作用,分解果蔬呼吸释放的乙烯或者其他气体,同时消耗氧气,将其分解为水和二氧化碳,提高袋内的二氧化碳浓度,降低袋内的氧气浓度,实现自气调作用,有效抑制果蔬的有氧呼吸;
2.通过光催化功能层的光催化作用,有效抑制果蔬表面微生物的生长繁殖,降低细菌、病毒浸染果蔬的几率,从而延长果蔬的保鲜期;
3.可收集光催化产生的水分和果蔬自主呼吸所产生的水分,维持袋内一定的含水量,从而保持果蔬的水分,避免其脱水干燥;
4.可利用光催化产生的水分和果蔬自主呼吸产生的水分,溶解微胶囊,从而破坏微胶囊的结构,使其内部的乙烯抑制剂释放到袋内并与果蔬相接触,降低果蔬对乙烯的敏感程度,从而进一步延缓果蔬成熟,实现果蔬保鲜期的延长目的;
5.通过采用表面具有包覆层的光催化纳米二氧化钛颗粒而非普通的纳米二氧化钛颗粒,解决裸露的二氧化钛在长时间使用后因光腐蚀而脱落流失造成功能下降的问题,不腐蚀有机物,可避免纳米颗粒团聚,保证高活性,同时形成内部通道,解决多层覆盖催化效果下降的问题;
6.通过在PP膜或者PE膜内添加重量比例为0.01~0.1%的可溶性高分子,在使用过程中与水汽接触并融化形成纳米微孔,保持袋内外一定的程度的气体交换量,将袋内氧气控制在一定水平,避免果蔬产生无氧呼吸进而发酵。
本发明的特征及优点将通过实施例结合附图进行详细说明。
附图说明
图1是本发明一种光催化自气调果蔬保鲜袋的剖视图;
图2是本发明一种光催化自气调果蔬保鲜袋的主视图;
图中:1-主体支撑层、11-第一增厚部、12-第二增厚部、2-光催化功能层、3-防水功能层。
具体实施方式
实施例一:
1)防水功能层的制备:
取聚丙烯纺粘无纺布作为主体支撑层1,再将PP或者PE通过淋膜工艺涂覆于主体支撑层1靠近外界的一侧,形成防水功能层3,实现主体支撑层1的单面封闭。淋膜厚度为0.03~0.05mm。PP膜或者PE膜内添加了重量比例为0.01~0.1%的可溶性高分子。可溶性高分子为PEO或PVA其中的一种或两种的组合。
其中,保鲜袋的袋体上设有第一增厚部11,所述第一增厚部11位于保鲜袋的袋体中下部的主体支撑层1处。保鲜袋的袋体上设有第二增厚部12,所述第二增厚部12位于保鲜袋的袋体顶部左右两侧的主体支撑层1处。所述第二增厚部12向下延伸并与第一增厚部11相连接。通过在袋体上设置第一增厚部和第二增厚部,有效提高袋体的强度,避免在运输过程中袋体出现破损现象。
2)光催化功能层的制备:
称取重量比例为0.05份的表面具有包覆层的光催化纳米二氧化钛颗粒、0.005份的缓释型乙烯抑制剂以及0.005份的粘接剂,并混合制备成光催化涂料。再将光催化涂料喷涂在主体支撑层1靠近袋体内腔的一侧,形成光催化功能层。
所述包覆层为二氧化硅。制备方法:首先将重量比例为100份纳米二氧化钛和300份水混合后充分搅拌10min,然后加入1份的长链烷基表面活性剂混合,在搅拌下乳化30min,再加入硅酸乙酯,充分搅拌2h,最后将混合的溶液在500℃下煅烧2h,得到包覆有二氧化硅的纳米二氧化钛颗粒。
所述缓释型乙烯抑制剂为微胶囊乙烯抑制剂。所述微胶囊乙烯抑制剂的制备方法为,称取2份的环糊精和100份的蒸馏水,加热至30℃后,溶解配置成环糊精的饱和水溶液,待冷却至20℃后,加入0.015份的乙烯抑制剂,然后在30℃下高速搅拌30min调制成糊状,再在100℃下真空干燥24h。
所述粘接剂为丙烯酸树脂、聚氨酯树脂和有机硅树脂其中的一种或几种的组合。
实施例二:
称取重量比例为5份的表面具有包覆层的光催化纳米二氧化钛颗粒、0.1份的缓释型乙烯抑制剂以及5的粘接剂。
所述包覆层为蒙脱土。制备方法:首先在 40 ml的浓度为1 mol/L的盐酸溶液中加入0.8 ml的四氯化钛并搅拌40min,得到淡黄色透明的二氧化钛酸性溶胶,然后将25 ml二氧化钛酸性溶胶中加入1%的钠基蒙脱土溶液(1g的蒙脱土加入到50 mL去离子水和50 mL无水乙醇混合液中搅拌10min)并在60℃搅拌4h,接着离心过滤,使用去离子水充分洗涤3次,洗涤至没有Cl-(用l%的 AgNO,溶液检测),再在500℃下焙烧2h,得到包覆有蒙脱土的纳米二氧化钛颗粒。
其他同实施例一。
实施例三:
称取重量比例为9.5份的表面具有包覆层的光催化纳米二氧化钛颗粒、0.18份的缓释型乙烯抑制剂以及9.5份的粘接剂。其他同实施例一。
实施例四:
利用金黄色葡萄球菌对实施例一至三进行抗菌性测试,结果如下表1
样品 | 抗菌率 |
实施例一 | >99% |
实施例二 | >99% |
实施例三 | >99% |
表 1抗菌性测试结果
上述实施例是对本发明的说明,不是对本发明的限定,任何对本发明简单变换后的方案均属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种光催化自气调果蔬保鲜袋,其特征在于:保鲜袋的袋体包括主体支撑层(1)以及负载有光催化颗粒和乙烯抑制剂的光催化功能层(2),所述光催化功能层(2)设置在主体支撑层(1)靠近袋体内腔的一侧,还包括防水功能层(3),所述防水功能层(3)设置在主体支撑层(1)靠近外界的一侧且带有微孔,所述光催化功能层(2)由光催化功能涂料固化而成,所述光催化功能涂料包括重量比例为0.01~10份的表面具有包覆层的光催化纳米二氧化钛颗粒、0.001~0.2份的缓释型乙烯抑制剂以及0.001~10份的粘接剂,所述缓释型乙烯抑制剂为微胶囊乙烯抑制剂,所述防水功能层(3)为采用淋膜工艺涂覆于主体支撑层(1)的表面上PP膜或者PE膜,所述PP膜或者PE膜内添加了重量比例为0.01~0.1%的可溶性高分子,保鲜袋的袋体上分别设有第一增厚部(11)和第二增厚部(12),所述第一增厚部(11)位于保鲜袋的袋体中下部的主体支撑层(1)处,所述第二增厚部(12)位于保鲜袋的袋体顶部左右两侧的主体支撑层(1)处,所述第二增厚部(12)向下延伸并与第一增厚部(11)相连接,所述微胶囊乙烯抑制剂的制备方法为,称取1~3份的环糊精和100份的蒸馏水,加热至25~35℃后,溶解配置成环糊精的饱和水溶液,待冷却至18~22℃后,加入0.01~0.02份的乙烯抑制剂,然后在25~35℃下高速搅拌20~40min调制成糊状,再在90~110℃下真空干燥18~30h。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种光催化自气调果蔬保鲜袋,其特征在于:所述主体支撑层(1)采用聚丙烯纺粘无纺布。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种光催化自气调果蔬保鲜袋,其特征在于:所述包覆层为羟基磷灰石、蒙脱土或者二氧化硅。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种光催化自气调果蔬保鲜袋,其特征在于:所述粘接剂为丙烯酸树脂、聚氨酯树脂和有机硅树脂其中的一种或几种的组合。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种光催化自气调果蔬保鲜袋,其特征在于:所述可溶性高分子为PEO或PVA其中的一种或两种的组合。
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