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CN1123221C - 标记视频和/或音频信号 - Google Patents

标记视频和/或音频信号 Download PDF

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CN1123221C
CN1123221C CN96191886A CN96191886A CN1123221C CN 1123221 C CN1123221 C CN 1123221C CN 96191886 A CN96191886 A CN 96191886A CN 96191886 A CN96191886 A CN 96191886A CN 1123221 C CN1123221 C CN 1123221C
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CN1173957A (zh
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G·C·维尔茨
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Koninklijke Philips NV
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T1/00—General purpose image data processing
    • G06T1/0021—Image watermarking
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
    • H04N21/83—Generation or processing of protective or descriptive data associated with content; Content structuring
    • H04N21/835—Generation of protective data, e.g. certificates
    • H04N21/8358—Generation of protective data, e.g. certificates involving watermark
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/76—Television signal recording
    • H04N5/91—Television signal processing therefor
    • H04N5/913—Television signal processing therefor for scrambling ; for copy protection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2201/00—General purpose image data processing
    • G06T2201/005—Image watermarking
    • G06T2201/0064—Image watermarking for copy protection or copy management, e.g. CGMS, copy only once, one-time copy
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/00086—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy
    • G11B20/00572—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy involving measures which change the format of the recording medium
    • G11B20/00586—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy involving measures which change the format of the recording medium said format change concerning the physical format of the recording medium
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/00086—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy
    • G11B20/00572—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy involving measures which change the format of the recording medium
    • G11B20/00586—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy involving measures which change the format of the recording medium said format change concerning the physical format of the recording medium
    • G11B20/00601—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy involving measures which change the format of the recording medium said format change concerning the physical format of the recording medium wherein properties of tracks are altered, e.g., by changing the wobble pattern or the track pitch, or by adding interruptions or eccentricity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/76—Television signal recording
    • H04N5/91—Television signal processing therefor
    • H04N5/913—Television signal processing therefor for scrambling ; for copy protection
    • H04N2005/91307—Television signal processing therefor for scrambling ; for copy protection by adding a copy protection signal to the video signal
    • H04N2005/91321—Television signal processing therefor for scrambling ; for copy protection by adding a copy protection signal to the video signal the copy protection signal being a copy protection control signal, e.g. a record inhibit signal

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing For Digital Recording And Reproducing (AREA)
  • Television Signal Processing For Recording (AREA)

Abstract

一种标记视频或音频信号的方法和装置，用于把密级赋予所述的信号，例如识别该信号是可靠的以及不可复制的。该信号至少包括根据预定标准(MPEG，PAC，NTSC)的两个分量(Y，UV)。根据本发明，两个值赋予一般不产组合的所述分量，例如在黑色图象部分中Y、U和V都为零，U和V现在故意为非零以构成水印。电视接收机仍然显示所述的黑色部分。当该信号被重新编码并复制在可记录盘上时水印不会丢失。因为水印不再与新盘的“摆动密钥”对应，所以重放机将不能重现该复制。

Description

标记视频和/或音频信号
本发明涉及一种用于标记视频或音频信号的方法和装置。本发明还涉及一种用于解码所述的标记信号的方法和装置，以及在其上记录所述的标记信号的记录介质。
在WO93/00769和EP-A0518616中公开了标记视频信号的公知方法。该公知方法改进了在重放时图象中引入某种干扰的视频信号。通过把数据加到信号来标记视频信号的方法也属公知。一种方法是在垂直消隐期间提供数据；另一种方法是通过由在显象管的前面的光电二极管检测的白色和黑色点的序列来消除矩形图象部分和替代所述的图象部分。
现今，标记-信号的主题特别适合于数字视频盘的复制保护。最理想的是提供带有可检测码的(“水印”)信号，以便对信号进行可靠性识别并使该信号只在特定条件下复制才会可能。视频盘重放机可设计只适用于重放经验证的视频盘。如果视频信号的水印实际上与嵌入盘的指定槽中而不提供在可记录盘上的一代码(“摆动密钥”)相对应，则它们仅重现记录的程序内容。
上面所述的现有技术的内容是不适合于实现本任务的。它们根据民用装置的不同类型的不同同步特性，使得用户可以消除水印，或具有嵌入标记会影响显示信号的缺点。
本发明的目的是标记一信号而在重现时信号中没有引入明显的干扰。
根据本发明，标记至少包括根据预定标准的两个分量的视频和/或音频信号的方法，其特征在于当根据所述标准产生信号时采用把一值赋予不产生组合的所述分量的步骤。
本发明利用在产生实信号时从不产生分量值的特殊组合的特性。通过故意引入不违反相关标准的所述组合，可对信号如此赋予密级，使得该密级可由特殊检测装置加以检测。
通常，一般不会出现的分量值的赋值会在屏幕上产生明显的干扰。这是本发明实施例中要防止的，其中赋值步骤包括改进在信号部分中的第一所述分量，该信号部分中第二所述分量假设一值，对于此值第一所述分量是冗余的。
第一和第二分量分别构成视频信号的色度和亮度分量。本发明的最佳实施例其特征在于，预定非零色度值被赋予亮度值基本上为零的信号部分。当用标准(PAL或NTSC)编码器编码时，黑色信号部分具有零亮度或零色度分量。然而，与非零色度值相组合的零亮度值没有被相关电视标准禁止。通过在黑色部分中引入非零色度值，该信号就能进行标记。通过检查亮度和色度值就可容易地检测该标记。标准电视装置(接收机，记录器)就可照这样处理黑色信号部分。
当事先不知道视频信号是否及何处包括黑色信号部分时，设想去消除帧或场的上或下视频行之一，并把该方法应用到所述视频行。对于所述行的持续时间，多个连续色度周期可一起构成二进制水印码。
今后，视频程序可以数字格式存贮在盘上。对在特别是MPEGZ编码视频信号中的数字信号做水印的方法在尚未公开的欧洲专利申请95202673.0中已被提出。然而，将数字信号做水印对防止非法复制数字视频盘的复杂问题是不能完全得以解决的。任何记录的数字信号最后可解码成被电视接收机显示的模拟格式。解码之后，数字水印丢失。谁也不能防止用户重新编码模拟信号为数字(MPEG2)信号并将它存贮在可记录盘上。现在，该盘包括一个没有水印的信号。这一信号尤其不能与主图象区分开。
根据本发明的方法在应用于待记录到可靠视盘的信号之时，它具有不丢失水印的重量优点。构成水印的零亮度和非零色度值的特殊组合是优先地适用于MPEG编码器(它们的存在仅稍影响编码效率)。视频盘重放机被安排成检查相对于盘的摆动密钥嵌入的水印，如果信号的验证被确认则该机就重现信号。然而，如果用户重新编码重现的模拟信号并把该编码信号记录在不同的可记录盘上，水印就被保留而不再与新盘的摆动密钥相对应。因此，视频盘重放机将不能重现这样制造的复制盘。
图1和图2表示根据本发明用于标记信号的装置的实施例。
图3表示根据本发明用于检测标记的视频和/或音频信号的装置。
图1表示根据本发明用于标记视频和/或音频信号的装置的一个实施例。在该图中，标号1表示以亮度分量Y和两个色度分量U和V的形式产生传统视频信号的视频信号源。亮度分量Y被加到传统的视频编码器2，色度分量经各自的改进级3和4(在本发明中是加法器)加到所述的编码器。视频编码器2把信号分量Y和改进的色度分量U′和V′编码成和给定标准例如PAL/NTSC/SECAM(模拟)或JPEG/MPEG(数字)一致的待传输的复合信号。
该装置还包括黑色亮度检测器5，如果亮度值Y基本上为零，即如果相应图象区是黑色的，它就产生控制信号Y＝0。该控制信号Y＝0加到标记发生器6，它响应控制信号产生预定非零信号值U和V。值U和V分别由加法器3和4加到色度分量U和V。对于固有视频信号源内容，来自视频信号源1的信号分量Y、U和V在黑色图象区都为零。该装置设定视频编码器2，在所述区域编码Y′＝0，U′＝u≠0，和V′＝v≠0。对于非黑色图象区，标记发生器6不起作用，并且视频编码器按传统的装置编码Y′＝Y，U′＝U和V′＝V。
图1中所示的装置取决于在图象中黑色信号部分的存在。图2表示强制图象的预定信号部分变成黑色的装置的另一实施例。图2也说明改进级3和4(图1中为加法器)可以是开关。图2中所示的装置工作如下：当预定信号部分(例如第一或最末有效视频行或其部分)期间，标记发生器6控制开关8以把亮度值Y＝0加到视频编码器和同时控制开关3和4以提供非零色度值U＝u和V＝v。预定信号部分由定时电路7来确定，该定时电路7从视频源接收普通的同步信号S和当标记发生器6运行时产生确定时间周期的定时信号SP。
由上面描述的装置产生的信号能被传统的装置重现。实验已表明，黑色部分将照这样显示。因而，诸如视频盘重放机之类的装置能被设计成仅在特殊条件下，例如，如果该信号已经记录在具有特定“摆动槽”的视频盘的情况下重现水印的信号。本发明的重要优点在于，该水印在不具有这种摆动槽的可记录盘上重新编码和复制信号时是不会丢失的。因此，重放机将不能从这种可记录盘上重现信号。
图3表示根据本发明用于检测标记的视频和或音频信号的装置。该装置包括传统的模拟(例如PAL/NTSC/SECAM)或数字(例如MPEG)解码器11，解码亮度分量Y和色度分量U和V。这些分量加到各自的零检测器12、13和14，如果相关分量基本上为零，则产生二进制信号“1”。如果亮度分量Y基本上为零和色度分量U和V基本上都不为零，组合逻辑电路15产生输出信号M。因为这种分量值的组合在固有摄像机中不可能产生，所以输出信号M表示视频信号已被标记并只能在特定条件下进行重现。
总之，用于标记视频或音频信号的方法和装置被公开了，用于把密级赋予所述信号，例如识别该信号是可靠的和不可复制的。根据预定标准(MPEG，PAL，NTSC)该信号至少包括两个分量CY，UV(。根据本发明，数值被赋予不能产生组合的所述分量。例如，在黑色部分中Y，U和V都为零，现在故意使U和/或V为非零来构成水印。电视接收机仍然显示所述的黑色部分。当信号在可记录盘上重新编码和复制时水印不会丢失。因为水印不再与新盘的“摆动密钥”相对应，所以重放机就不能进行重现。

Claims (12)

1.一种标记视频信号和/或音频信号的方法，所述信号是根据定义所述信号的至少两个分量的预定标准产生的，其特征在于包括把值赋于所述分量的步骤，所述分量的组合不违反所述标准，但是不会出现在根据所述标准产生的一个固有信号中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中赋值步骤包括改进在信号部分中的第一所述分量，该信号部分中第二所述分量假设为一值，对于此值第一所述分量是冗余的。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中第一和第二分量分别构成视频信号的色度和亮度分量，其特征在于，将预定非零色度值赋予信号部分，对于该部分亮度值基本上为零。
4.一种检测包括根据预定编码标准的至少两个分量的标记的视频信号的方法，其特征在于包括确定步骤和产生步骤，确定步骤确定组合中各自分量值是否不违反所述标准，但是不会出现在根据所述标准产生的一个固有信号中，产生步骤响应所述确定步骤产生标记输出信号。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中确定步骤包括：确定所述的分量之一是否假设一值，对于此值第一所述分量是冗余的。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中所述的分量分别构成视频信号的色度和亮度分量，其特征在于，确定亮度值基本上为零的信号部分是否与非零色度值有关。
7.一种标记视频信号和/或音频信号的装置，所述信号是根据定义所述信号的至少两个分量的预定标准产生的，其特征在于包括把值赋于所述分量的装置，所述分量的组合不违反所述标准，但是不会出现在根据所述标准产生的一个固有信号中。
8.根据权利要求7所述的装置，其中把一值赋予所述分量的装置包括改进在信号部分中的第一所述分量的装置，在该信号部分中第二所述分量假设一值，对于此值第一所述分量是冗余的。
9.根据权利要求8所述的装置，其中第一和第二分量分别构成视频信号的色度和亮度分量，其特征在于，采用把预定非零色度值赋予信号部分的装置，对于此信号部分亮度值基本上为零。
10.一种检测包括根据预定编码标准的至少两个分量的标记的视频信号的装置，其特征在于包括确定装置和产生装置，确定装置确定组合中各自分量值是否不违反所述标准，但是不会出现在根据所述标准产生的一个固有信号中，产生装置响应所述确定步骤产生标记输出信号。
11.根据权利要求10所述的装置，其中确定装置适合于确定所述分量之一是否假设一值，对于此值第一所述分量是冗余的。
12.根据权利要求11所述的装置，其中所述的分量分别构成视频信号的色度和亮度分量，其特征在于，用于确定亮度值基本上为零的信号部分是否与非零色度值有关。
CN96191886A 1995-12-11 1996-11-27 标记视频和/或音频信号 Expired - Fee Related CN1123221C (zh)

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US5940134A (en) 1999-08-17
KR19980702124A (ko) 1998-07-15
CN1173957A (zh) 1998-02-18
EP0808541A1 (en) 1997-11-26
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WO1997022206A1 (en) 1997-06-19
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