CN112251748A - Laser cladding head for pipe inner wall - Google Patents
Laser cladding head for pipe inner wall Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112251748A CN112251748A CN202011107051.6A CN202011107051A CN112251748A CN 112251748 A CN112251748 A CN 112251748A CN 202011107051 A CN202011107051 A CN 202011107051A CN 112251748 A CN112251748 A CN 112251748A
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- laser
- cladding
- light guide
- head
- wall
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- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种管道内壁用激光熔覆头，包括导光筒、设于所述导光筒近端的准直镜，以及设于所述导光筒远端且具有激光投射通道的熔覆端头，所述熔覆端头上沿所述激光投射通道自后向前依次设置有微透镜阵列、第一柱聚焦镜、第二柱聚焦镜，所述微透镜阵列包括沿垂直于所述激光投射通道的延伸方向阵列排布的多个微透镜，每个所述微透镜的入射面均为迎着投射的激光束拱起的弧形面；所述第一柱聚焦镜与所述第二柱聚焦镜呈正交方向设置。该激光熔覆头结构简单，能够伸入至管道的内壁进行激光熔覆加工，采用该激光熔覆头能够将圆形光斑转换为矩形光斑，能够显著地提升熔覆的效率，同时熔覆平整度也大幅提高。
The invention discloses a laser cladding head for the inner wall of a pipeline, which comprises a light guide tube, a collimating lens arranged at the proximal end of the light guide tube, and a fuselage provided at the distal end of the light guide tube and having a laser projection channel. The cladding end is provided with a microlens array, a first cylindrical focusing lens, and a second cylindrical focusing lens in sequence along the laser projection channel from the back to the front, and the microlens array includes a direction perpendicular to the A plurality of microlenses are arranged in an array along the extending direction of the laser projection channel, and the incident surface of each microlens is an arc surface that is arched against the projected laser beam; the first cylindrical focusing mirror and the The second cylindrical focusing lens is arranged in an orthogonal direction. The laser cladding head has a simple structure, and can extend into the inner wall of the pipe for laser cladding processing. The laser cladding head can convert a circular light spot into a rectangular light spot, which can significantly improve the efficiency of cladding, and at the same time, the cladding is smooth. The degree has also been greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of laser cladding, in particular to a laser cladding head for an inner wall of a pipeline.
Background
In the prior art, a linear belt type rectangular light spot integrating mirror is generally adopted for forming rectangular light spots, and the basic principle of the integrating mirror is to reflect input light spots in a segmented manner to obtain output light spots with the same position and size on a working surface for superposition, so that the homogenization and shaping effects are achieved. For the segmented linear belt type rectangular light spot integrating mirror, because of plane reflection, the size of an output light spot is approximately equal to the size of an input light spot divided by the number of the segmentation sections, a large-size light spot cannot be obtained, and in addition, because incident laser is a Gaussian light spot, when the number of the segmentation sections is small, the obtained rectangular light spot is not a rectangular homogenization light spot. When the laser cladding device is used for laser cladding processing of the inner wall of a pipeline, cladding efficiency is low, and the flatness of a cladding layer is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a laser cladding head for the inner wall of a pipeline, which can generate rectangular light spots so as to improve the laser cladding efficiency.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a laser cladding head for the inner wall of a pipeline comprises a light guide cylinder, a collimating mirror arranged at the near end of the light guide cylinder, and a cladding end head arranged at the far end of the light guide cylinder and provided with a laser projection channel, wherein a micro lens array, a first column focusing mirror and a second column focusing mirror are sequentially arranged on the cladding end head along the laser projection channel from back to front, the micro lens array comprises a plurality of micro lenses which are arrayed in the extending direction vertical to the laser projection channel, and the incident surface of each micro lens is an arc surface arched facing a projected laser beam; the first column focusing lens and the second column focusing lens are arranged in an orthogonal direction, wherein the first column focusing lens is provided with a first focusing surface, the second column focusing lens is provided with a second focusing surface, and the first focusing surface and the second focusing surface are arc surfaces arched along a projected laser beam.
Preferably, the light guide cylinder is provided with a light guide channel extending along the length direction of the light guide cylinder, and the extending direction of the light guide channel is perpendicular to the extending direction of the laser projection channel.
Furthermore, a reflector for reflecting the laser beam from the light guide channel into the laser projection channel is arranged at the rear part of the cladding end.
Preferably, the cladding tip extends perpendicularly from the distal end of the light guide barrel towards one side of the light guide barrel.
Preferably, the front end of the first focusing surface has a first arc arch extending in the radial direction of the first cylindrical focusing mirror, the front end of the second focusing surface has a second arc arch extending in the radial direction of the second cylindrical focusing mirror, and the length extension directions of the first arc arch and the second arc arch are perpendicular to each other.
Preferably, the laser cladding head further comprises a powder feeding nozzle, wherein the powder feeding nozzle at least comprises a nozzle opening, and the nozzle opening is positioned in front of the cladding end head.
Further, the powder feeding nozzle is in a cone shape with a large back and a small front.
Further, the powder feeding nozzle is connected to the outer side of the cladding end head through a powder feeding pipeline.
Furthermore, the laser cladding head also comprises an air knife which is arranged in front of the cladding end head and is provided with an air outlet, and the nozzle opening is positioned in front of the air outlet.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the laser cladding head for the inner wall of the pipeline has a simple structure, can extend into the inner wall of the pipeline for laser cladding processing, can convert circular light spots into rectangular light spots by adopting the laser cladding head, can obviously improve cladding efficiency, and greatly improves cladding flatness. Meanwhile, the laser cladding head is compact in structure and can be suitable for cladding processing of inner holes with small diameters.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a laser cladding head for the inner wall of a pipe according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the laser cladding head for the inner wall of the pipe of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural exploded view of a cladding tip according to the present invention;
FIGS. 5a and 5b are schematic diagrams of a first cylindrical focusing lens according to the present invention;
FIGS. 6a and 6b are schematic diagrams of a second cylindrical focusing lens according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a laser beam projection route diagram in the laser cladding head of the present invention;
wherein: 1. a light guide tube; 11. a laser connector; 12. a connecting seat; 2. cladding the end; 3. a powder feeding nozzle; 31. a powder feeding pipeline; 3a, a nozzle opening; 4. a mirror; 5. a microlens array; 6. a first cylindrical focusing lens; 61. a first focal plane; 7. A second cylindrical focusing mirror; 71. a second focal plane; 8. an air knife; 9. a collimating mirror.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, a laser cladding head for the inner wall of a pipeline comprises a light guide tube 1, a collimating lens 9 arranged at the near end of the light guide tube 1, and a cladding tip 2 arranged at the far end of the light guide tube 1. Here, the proximal end and the distal end are proximal ends, and the opposite is the distal end, according to the end of the laser cladding head close to the laser or the operator during use.
The cladding tip 2 extends vertically from the distal end of the light guide tube 1 toward one side of the light guide tube 1. Cladding end 2 has the laser and throws the passageway, and light guide tube 1 has the light guide channel that extends along self length direction, and the extending direction of above-mentioned light guide channel is perpendicular to the extending direction of laser projection passageway each other, and cladding end 2's rear portion is equipped with and is used for throwing the speculum 4 in the passageway to the laser with the laser beam in the light guide channel. Here, the front and rear of the cladding tip 2 are defined with reference to the front and rear directions of the laser beam when it is transmitted along the laser projection passage.
A micro lens array 5, a first column focusing lens 6 and a second column focusing lens 7 are sequentially arranged on the cladding end 2 from back to front along the laser projection channel, wherein the micro lens array 5 comprises a plurality of micro lenses (not shown in the figure) which are arranged in an array manner, and the arrangement direction of the plurality of micro lenses is perpendicular to the extension direction of the laser projection channel; the first cylindrical focusing mirror 6 and the second cylindrical focusing mirror 7 are arranged in an orthogonal direction, wherein the first cylindrical focusing mirror has a first focusing surface 61, the second cylindrical focusing mirror 7 has a second focusing surface 71, and the first focusing surface 61 and the second focusing surface 71 are both arc surfaces arched along the projected laser beam.
Specifically, the first focusing plane 61 has a first arcuate camber extending in the radial direction of the first cylindrical focusing mirror 6, and the second focusing plane 71 has a second arcuate camber extending in the radial direction of the second cylindrical focusing mirror 7, the longitudinal extension directions of both the first arcuate camber and the second arcuate camber being perpendicular to each other.
The near end of the light guide barrel 1 is also provided with a laser connector 11, and the laser connector 11 is provided with a QBH interface for connecting with a laser.
So, become parallel laser beam after 9 collimation treatments of collimating mirror from the laser instrument sent divergent laser beam, this parallel laser beam throws to reflector 4 along the leaded light passageway of leaded light section of thick bamboo 1, then throws the passageway by reflector 4 reflection to the laser that melts and covers end 2, then change to vertical direction evenly, the horizontal direction is the rectangle facula of gauss distribution after passing through microlens array 5, first post focusing mirror 6 and second post focusing mirror 7 in proper order, this rectangle facula can guarantee that the high efficiency that melts and covers goes on. The rectangular light spot is a semi-homogenized light spot, and the energy density of each point in the vertical direction in the light spot is the same, so that a smoother cladding layer can be formed when the rectangular light spot is coupled with powder.
Fig. 7 shows a laser beam projection route and principle in the laser cladding head of the present invention, in which a microlens array 5 and two cylindrical focusing mirrors (a first cylindrical focusing mirror 6 and a second cylindrical focusing mirror 7) are employed to form a unidirectional rectangular homogenization light spot optical system, through which rectangular light spots that are uniform in the vertical direction and gaussian in the horizontal direction can be obtained. Referring to fig. 7, a laser beam is emitted from an optical fiber, collimated by a collimator lens 9, emitted to a one-dimensional microlens array 5, divided into a plurality of sub-beams by the microlens array 5, and then focused by two sets of cylindrical focusing lenses to form a one-dimensional non-imaging microlens homogenization system, and light spots with a certain width and uniform distribution are obtained on the back focal plane of the cylindrical focusing lenses. In the horizontal direction in fig. 7, the laser beam is emitted by the optical fiber, collimated by the collimating mirror 9, passes through the one-dimensional microlens array 5 and the first cylindrical focusing mirror 6 focused in the vertical direction, without affecting the optical path in the horizontal direction, and is finally focused by the second cylindrical focusing mirror 7 focused in the horizontal direction, but the focal planes of the two cylindrical focusing lenses focused in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are not coincident, so that defocusing exists in the horizontal direction, different defocusing distances correspond to different horizontal direction light spot widths, and the light spots in the horizontal direction are obtained by defocusing, so that the light intensity distribution is gaussian distribution.
The laser cladding head also comprises a powder feeding nozzle 3, the powder feeding nozzle 3 is connected to the outer side of the cladding end head 2 through a powder feeding pipeline 31, the powder feeding nozzle 3 is in a conical shape with a large back and a small front, and is at least provided with a nozzle opening 3a, the nozzle opening 3a is positioned in front of the cladding end head 2, and powder sprayed from the nozzle opening 3a and laser beams projected from the front end of the cladding end head 2 can simultaneously act on the surface to be processed to realize laser cladding processing.
The powder feeding nozzle 3 is provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed small holes, so that powder can be uniformly fed into the surface to be processed during cladding work, and the flatness of a cladding layer is guaranteed.
The laser cladding head also comprises an air knife 8 which is arranged in front of the cladding end head 2 and is provided with an air outlet, and the nozzle opening 3a is positioned in front of the air outlet, so that high-temperature scattered powder can be prevented from entering the laser projection channel to damage each lens.
The light guide tube 1 is also fixedly provided with a connecting seat 12 for fixing the laser cladding head on a component such as a manipulator and moving the laser cladding head in the laser cladding processing process.
In summary, the laser cladding head for the inner wall of the pipeline has a simple structure, can extend into the inner wall of the pipeline for laser cladding processing, can convert a circular light spot into a rectangular light spot, can remarkably improve cladding efficiency, and greatly improves cladding flatness. Meanwhile, the laser cladding head is compact in structure and can be suitable for cladding and processing inner holes with diameters within 150 mm.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a pipe inner wall is with laser cladding head, includes the light guide cylinder, locates the collimating mirror of light guide cylinder near-end, and locate the light guide cylinder distal end just has the cladding end of laser projection passageway, its characterized in that: a micro-lens array, a first cylindrical focusing lens and a second cylindrical focusing lens are sequentially arranged on the cladding end head from back to front along the laser projection channel, the micro-lens array comprises a plurality of micro-lenses which are arrayed in the extending direction vertical to the laser projection channel, and the incident surface of each micro-lens is an arc surface arched facing the projected laser beam; the first column focusing lens and the second column focusing lens are arranged in an orthogonal direction, wherein the first column focusing lens is provided with a first focusing surface, the second column focusing lens is provided with a second focusing surface, and the first focusing surface and the second focusing surface are arc surfaces arched along a projected laser beam.
2. The laser cladding head for the inner wall of the pipeline according to claim 1, wherein: the light guide cylinder is provided with a light guide channel extending along the length direction of the light guide cylinder, and the extending direction of the light guide channel is perpendicular to the extending direction of the laser projection channel.
3. The laser cladding head for the inner wall of the pipeline according to claim 2, wherein: and a reflector for reflecting the laser beam from the light guide channel to the laser projection channel is arranged at the rear part of the cladding end.
4. The laser cladding head for the inner wall of the pipeline according to claim 1, wherein: the cladding tip extends vertically from the distal end of the light guide tube toward one side of the light guide tube.
5. The laser cladding head for the inner wall of the pipeline according to claim 1, wherein: the front end of the first focusing surface is provided with a first arc arch extending along the radial direction of the first cylindrical focusing lens, the front end of the second focusing surface is provided with a second arc arch extending along the radial direction of the second cylindrical focusing lens, and the length extension directions of the first arc arch and the second arc arch are mutually vertical.
6. The laser cladding head for the inner wall of a pipe according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the laser cladding head also comprises a powder feeding nozzle, wherein the powder feeding nozzle is at least provided with a nozzle opening, and the nozzle opening is positioned in front of the cladding end head.
7. The laser cladding head for the inner wall of the pipeline according to claim 6, wherein: the powder feeding nozzle is in a cone shape with a large back and a small front.
8. The laser cladding head for the inner wall of the pipeline according to claim 6, wherein: the powder feeding nozzle is connected to the outer side of the cladding end through a powder feeding pipeline.
9. The laser cladding head for the inner wall of the pipeline according to claim 6, wherein: the laser cladding head also comprises an air knife which is arranged in front of the cladding end head and is provided with an air outlet, and the nozzle opening is positioned in front of the air outlet.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011107051.6A CN112251748A (en) | 2020-10-16 | 2020-10-16 | Laser cladding head for pipe inner wall |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011107051.6A CN112251748A (en) | 2020-10-16 | 2020-10-16 | Laser cladding head for pipe inner wall |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112251748A true CN112251748A (en) | 2021-01-22 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011107051.6A Pending CN112251748A (en) | 2020-10-16 | 2020-10-16 | Laser cladding head for pipe inner wall |
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| CN (1) | CN112251748A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114769626A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-07-22 | 南京中科煜宸激光技术有限公司 | Broadband laser cladding head for laser additive manufacturing system |
| CN115558922A (en) * | 2022-10-20 | 2023-01-03 | 广东省科学院新材料研究所 | Short wavelength ultra high speed laser cladding method and device for high reflection material |
| CN117399651A (en) * | 2023-09-22 | 2024-01-16 | 上海盖泽激光科技有限公司 | Laser cladding head optical system for inner wall |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114769626A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-07-22 | 南京中科煜宸激光技术有限公司 | Broadband laser cladding head for laser additive manufacturing system |
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| CN115558922A (en) * | 2022-10-20 | 2023-01-03 | 广东省科学院新材料研究所 | Short wavelength ultra high speed laser cladding method and device for high reflection material |
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| CN117399651A (en) * | 2023-09-22 | 2024-01-16 | 上海盖泽激光科技有限公司 | Laser cladding head optical system for inner wall |
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