CN111571005A - Laser shock peening system capable of switching light path and method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a laser shock strengthening system and method with switchable optical paths. The first light exit port and the second light exit port of the laser correspond to the first light entrance port and the second light entrance port of the external optical path. Mirror 1 and Mirror 4 on the electric slide 1; Mirror 2 is arranged on the reflected light path of Mirror 1, Collimating Mirror 1, Mirror 3, and Mirror 3 are arranged in sequence on the reflected light path of Mirror 2. Focusing mirror 1 is arranged on the reflected light path, and focusing mirror 1 is placed on the electric slide table 2; mirror 5 is arranged on the reflected light path of mirror 4, and collimating mirror 2 and reflector are arranged on the reflected light path of mirror 5 in sequence. Sixth, a focusing mirror 2 is arranged on the reflected light path of the mirror 6, and the focusing mirror 2 is placed on the electric sliding table 3; The focusing mirror 3 is placed on the electric sliding table 4. Realize laser beam A-B dual optical path left and right output or positive and anti-opposite output, fast switching of various optical paths.

Description

Switchable optical path laser shock strengthening system and method

technical field

The invention relates to a laser shock strengthening system with switchable optical paths and a method thereof, belonging to the technical field of laser shock.

Background technique

Laser shock strengthening technology has been widely used in aerospace, transportation, weapons and military industries in recent years because it can generate a 1mm or more deep residual compressive stress layer and optimize the microstructure of materials, and because the process parameters such as laser energy and spot size can be precisely controlled. It can significantly improve the material's anti-fatigue and anti-wear properties.

In the laser impact process, it is often necessary to select the corresponding impact method according to the workpiece shape, strengthening requirements, processing errors and other requirements. For some special parts such as thin-walled parts and blisks, due to their special requirements, it involves double-sided impact. Guaranteed impact effect and machining accuracy. Through the rapid switching of the optical path, one-time clamping for double-sided impact can be realized, which greatly reduces the clamping error, effectively completes the impact strengthening process of parts, and improves processing efficiency.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a switchable optical path laser shock strengthening system and a method thereof.

The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

The laser shock strengthening system with switchable optical path is characterized by: including a laser with light outlet 1 and light outlet 2, light outlet 1 and light outlet 2 correspond to light inlet port 1 and light inlet port 2 of the external optical path, and light inlet port 1 A reflector 1 and a reflector 4 are arranged on the other side of the light entrance 2, and the reflector 1 and the reflector 4 are placed on the electric sliding table 1 and can be moved;

Reflector two is arranged on the reflected light path of reflector one, collimating mirror one and reflector three are arranged in sequence on the reflected light path of reflector two, focusing mirror one is arranged on the reflected light path of reflector three, and focusing mirror one is placed on the reflected light path. The second motorized slide is movable; the focused light spot of the focusing mirror 1 acts on the impact sample;

Mirror 5 is arranged on the reflected light path of mirror 4, collimating mirror 2 and mirror 6 are arranged in sequence on the reflective light path of mirror 5, focusing mirror 2 is arranged on the reflected light path of mirror 6, and focusing mirror 2 is placed on the reflective light path of mirror 6. The third motorized slide is movable; the light spot after focusing by the second focusing mirror acts on the impact sample;

The other side of light entrance 1 and light entrance 2 are provided with collimating mirror 3 and focusing mirror 3. Focusing mirror 3 is placed on electric sliding table 4 and can be moved; the light spot after focusing mirror 3 acts on the impact sample superior.

Further, in the above-mentioned switchable optical path laser shock strengthening system, the first light spot shaping system is arranged on the reflected light path of the second mirror, and the first light spot shaping system is located on the front side of the first collimating mirror.

Further, in the above-mentioned switchable optical path laser shock strengthening system, the second light spot shaping system is arranged on the reflected light path of the mirror five, and the second light spot shaping system is located on the front side of the second collimating mirror.

Further, in the above-mentioned switchable optical path laser shock strengthening system, the third light spot shaping system is arranged on the front side of the third collimating mirror.

Further, in the above-mentioned laser shock strengthening system with switchable optical paths, the spot shaping system 1 includes a microlens array for spot shaping and a shaping element for adjusting the spot, wherein the microlens array is placed on the electric sliding table 5, which can be used for spot shaping. The moving and shaping elements include beam expander 1, beam expander 2 and beam expander 3 arranged in equidistant parallel and staggered arrangement, which are placed on the electric slide table 6 and can be moved; The spot shaping system is the same.

Further, the above-mentioned laser shock strengthening system with switchable optical paths, wherein, the first and fourth reflectors are total reflection lenses, the angle between the first reflector and the horizontal line is 135°, the angle between the fourth reflector and the horizontal line is 45°, and the angle between the reflector 1 and the horizontal line is 45°. One is located on the same vertical line as the mirror four.

Further, the above-mentioned laser shock strengthening system with switchable optical path, wherein, the second mirror and the third mirror are total reflection lenses, the angle between the second mirror and the horizontal line is 135°, the angle between the third mirror and the horizontal line is 45°, and the reflection mirror The second is located on the same horizontal line with the collimating mirror 1 and the reflecting mirror 3. The focusing mirror 1 and the reflecting mirror 3 are located on the same vertical line. The straight parallel light is focused by the focusing mirror, and when a circular light spot is output, the second electric slide table drives the focusing mirror to move to adjust the size of the light spot.

Further, the above-mentioned laser shock strengthening system with switchable optical path, wherein, the mirror 5 and the mirror 6 are total reflection lenses, the angle between the mirror 5 and the horizontal line is 45°, the angle between the mirror 6 and the horizontal line is 135°, and the mirror No. 5 is located on the same horizontal line as collimating mirror 2 and mirror 6, focusing mirror 2 and mirror 6 are located on the same vertical line. When the electric slide table three drives the focusing mirror two to move, the size of the light spot can be adjusted.

The laser shock strengthening method of the present invention can switch the optical path, the laser can output laser beam 1 A and laser beam 2 B with two wavelengths, and the laser beam 1 A and the laser beam 2 B can be output from the light outlet 1 in a single way, or from the light outlet One and two output ports are simultaneously output;

Laser beam 1A and laser beam 2B are output in a single way through light outlet 1, and enter the external optical path from light inlet 1. The movement of electric slide 1 makes the laser beam pass through mirror 1, and then reflect on mirror 2. The first collimating mirror is collimated, the third reflecting mirror changes the laser direction, and the first focusing mirror focuses, and outputs a single optical path laser, which acts on the impact sample;

Laser beam 1 A and laser beam 2 B output a single path of laser light through light outlet 1, enter the external optical path from light inlet 1, and move the electric slide table 1 to make the laser beam pass through mirror 4, and then reflect on mirror 5. The second collimating mirror collimates, the reflecting mirror 6 changes the laser direction, the focusing mirror 2 focuses, and outputs a single optical path laser, which acts on the impact sample;

Laser beam 1 A and laser beam 2 B output laser through light outlet 1 in a single way, enter the external optical path from light inlet 1, and move through the electric sliding table 1, so that the laser beam does not pass through mirror 1 and mirror 4, and the laser beam passes through The collimating mirror is three-collimated, the focusing mirror is three-focused, and outputs a single optical path laser, which acts on the impact sample;

Laser beam 1A and laser beam 2B are simultaneously output through light exit port 1 and light output port 2, and enter the external optical path from light input port 1 and light input port 2 at the same time. The fourth mirror is reflected to the second and fifth mirrors in turn. The beam reflected by the second mirror is collimated by the collimating mirror, the third mirror changes the laser direction, and the first focusing mirror focuses, and outputs a single optical path laser; the fifth mirror The reflected beam is collimated by the second collimating mirror, the mirror six changes the laser direction, the focusing mirror two focuses, and outputs a single-path laser; Corresponding point, the output is positive and anti-reverse optical path.

Furthermore, in the above-mentioned laser shock strengthening method with switchable optical paths, the laser can output laser beams with two wavelengths of 1064 nm and 532 nm.

Further, in the above-mentioned laser shock strengthening method with switchable optical paths, a light spot shaping system 1 is arranged on the reflected light path of the second reflector, and the first spot shaping system is located between the second reflector and the first collimating mirror, and the light path is divided into two parts. The circular spot is shaped into a square spot;

The second light spot shaping system is arranged on the reflected light path of the reflector 5, and the second light spot shaping system is located between the reflector 5 and the collimating mirror 2, and shapes the circular light spot in the light path into a square light spot;

A light spot shaping system 3 is arranged on the front side of the collimating mirror 3, and the circular light spot in the optical path is shaped into a square light spot.

Further, in the above-mentioned laser shock strengthening method with switchable optical paths, the light spot shaping system 1 includes a microlens array for light spot shaping and a shaping element for adjusting the light spot, wherein the microlens array is placed on the electric sliding table 5, The movable, shaping element includes beam expander 1, beam expander 2 and beam expander 3 arranged in equidistant parallel and staggered arrangement, which are placed on the electric slide table 6 and can be moved; the structure of spot shaping system 2 and spot shaping system 3 Same as spot shaping system 1;

When shaping the light path, the microlens array of the light spot shaping system 1 shapes the circular light spot into a square light spot, and controls the switching of the beam expander 1, the beam expander 2 and the beam expander 3 through the electric slide table 6 to adjust the spot size; If spot shaping is not required, the electric slide 5 controls the movement of the microlens array, the light beam does not pass through the microlens array, and the light beam directly passes through the shaping element to output a circular light spot.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has significant advantages and beneficial effects, which are embodied in the following aspects:

The invention has a unique design and an ingenious optical path structure, and can realize the output of the right side of the single optical path, the left side of the single optical path, and the middle output of the single optical path of the laser beam 1 A and the laser beam 2 B, and the left and right output of the laser beam A-B dual optical paths or the positive and negative output. The rapid switching of various optical paths can output various optical path output modes to meet different processing requirements, which can significantly improve processing efficiency and minimize processing errors. It can be called a good technology with novelty, creativity and practicability, and the market application prospect is broad.

Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent from the description, or learned by practice of the detailed description of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore do not It should be regarded as a limitation of the scope, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without any creative effort.

Fig. 1: the schematic diagram of the structure of the forward and reversed optical path of the system of the present invention;

Figure 2: Schematic diagram of the optical path output from the right side of a single optical path;

Figure 3: Schematic diagram of the optical path output from the left side of a single optical path;

Figure 4: Schematic diagram of the optical path structure of the intermediate output of a single optical path;

Figure 5: Schematic diagram of the optical path structure of the spot shaping system.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the invention generally described and illustrated in the drawings herein may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that like numerals and letters refer to like items in the following figures, so once an item is defined in one figure, it does not require further definition and explanation in subsequent figures. Meanwhile, in the description of the present invention, terms of orientation and order are only used to distinguish the descriptions, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the laser shock strengthening system with switchable optical paths includes a laser 1 having an optical outlet 1 2 and an optical outlet 2 26, an optical outlet 1 2, an optical outlet 2 26 and an optical inlet 1 3 of the external optical path , corresponding to light entrance two 25, the other side of light entrance one 3 and light entrance two 25 is provided with a reflector one 4 and a reflector four 24, the reflector one 4 and the reflector four 24 are placed on the electric sliding table one 6, movable; among them, the mirror one 4 and the mirror four 24 are all-reflection lenses, the angle between the mirror one 4 and the horizontal line is 135°, the angle between the mirror four 24 and the horizontal line is 45°, the mirror one 4 and the reflection The mirror four 24 is located on the same vertical line;

Mirror 2 5 is arranged on the reflected light path of Mirror 1 4, spot shaping system 1 7, collimating mirror 1 8, Mirror 3 9 are arranged in sequence on the reflected light path of Mirror 2 5, and the reflected light of Mirror 3 9 is arranged in sequence. A focusing mirror 10 is arranged on the road, and the focusing mirror 1 is placed on the electric slide table 2 11 and can be moved; the light spot after focusing by the focusing mirror 10 acts on the impact sample 12 held by the robot 13; among them, the mirror 2 5 and the third mirror 9 are all-reflection lenses, the angle between the second mirror 5 and the horizontal line is 135°, the angle between the third mirror 9 and the horizontal line is 45°, the second mirror 5 and the collimating mirror 1 8 and the third mirror 9 are located in the same On the horizontal line, the focusing mirror 10 and the mirror 3 9 are located on the same vertical line. The focusing mirror 1 10 is placed on the electric sliding table 2 11 and can be moved. The collimated parallel light after the collimating mirror 8 is focused by When the mirror one 10 is focused, and a circular light spot is output, the electric slide two 11 drives the focusing mirror one 10 to move to adjust the size of the light spot;

The reflection light path of the reflection mirror four 24 is arranged with the reflection mirror five 23, and the reflection light path of the reflection mirror five 23 is sequentially arranged with the spot shaping system two 21, the collimating mirror two 20, the reflection mirror six 19, and the reflected light of the reflection mirror six 19. A focusing mirror 2 17 is arranged on the road, and the focusing mirror 2 17 is placed on the electric sliding table 3 18 and can be moved; the light spot after focusing by the focusing mirror 2 17 can act on the impact sample 12 held by the robot 13; among them, the reflecting mirror Mirror 5 23 and Mirror 6 19 are all-reflection lenses, the angle between Mirror 5 5 and the horizontal line is 45°, the angle between Mirror 6 19 and the horizontal line is 135°, Mirror 5 23 and collimating mirror 2 20 and Mirror 6 19 are located at On the same horizontal line, the focusing mirror 2 17 and the reflecting mirror 6 19 are located on the same vertical line. The parallel light collimated by the collimating mirror 2 20 is focused by the focusing mirror 2 17, and when a circular light spot is output, the electric slide 3 18 Drive the focusing mirror 2 17 to move to adjust the spot size;

The other side of the light entrance 1 3 and the light entrance 2 25 is also provided with a collimating mirror 3 16 and a focusing mirror 3 15. The focusing mirror 3 15 is placed on the electric sliding table 4 14 and can be moved; the collimating mirror 3 16 The light spot shaping system 3 22 is arranged on the front side of the camera; the light spot after focusing by the focusing mirror 3 15 can act on the impact sample 12 held by the robot 13;

As shown in FIG. 5 , the light spot shaping system one 7 includes a microlens array 71 for light spot shaping and a shaping element for adjusting the light spot, wherein the microlens array 71 is placed on the electric sliding table five 72 and is movable, and the shaping element includes etc. The beam expander 1 73 , the beam expander 2 74 and the beam expander 3 76 arranged in parallel and staggered are placed on the electric sliding table 6 75 and can be moved. The structures of the second spot shaping system 21 and the third spot shaping system 22 are the same as those of the first spot shaping system 7 .

In specific applications, as shown in Figure 1, laser 1 can output laser beam 1 A and laser beam 2 B with two wavelengths of 1064 nm and 532 nm. Output port 1 2 and port 2 26 output at the same time;

As shown in Figure 2, the laser beam 1 A and the laser beam 2 B are outputted in a single way through the light outlet 1 2, and enter the external optical path from the light input port 1 3. It is reflected on the mirror 25, collimated by the collimating mirror 18, the mirror 39 changes the laser direction, the focusing mirror 10 focuses, and outputs a single optical path laser; the spot shaping system 17 is located between the mirror 25 and the collimating mirror. Between 1 and 8, the circular spot in the optical path is shaped into a square spot. If no shaping is required, the beam does not need to pass through the spot shaping system 1 7;

As shown in Figure 3, the laser beam 1 A and the laser beam 2 B output a single path of laser light through the light outlet 1 2, enter the external optical path from the light inlet 1 3, and move through the electric slide 1 6 to make the laser beam pass through the reflector 4 24, and then Reflected on the mirror 5 23, collimated by the collimating mirror 2 20, the mirror 6 19 changes the laser direction, the focusing mirror 2 17 focuses, and outputs a single optical path laser; the spot shaping system 2 21 is located between the mirror 5 23 and the collimating mirror. Between two 20, the circular light spot in the optical path is shaped into a square light spot. If no shaping is required, the light beam does not need to pass through the spot shaping system two 21;

As shown in Figure 4, the laser beam 1 A and the laser beam 2 B output the laser in a single way through the optical outlet 1 2, enter the external optical path from the optical inlet 1 3, and move through the electric slide 1 6, the laser beam does not pass through the mirror 1 4 and Reflecting mirror 4 24, the laser beam is collimated by the collimating mirror 3 16, focused by the focusing mirror 3 15, and outputs a single optical path laser; the spot shaping system 3 22 is located on the front side of the collimating mirror 3 16, shaping the circular light spot in the optical path into a square If the spot does not need to be shaped, the beam does not need to go through the spot shaping system 322;

Laser beam 1 A and laser beam 2 B are simultaneously output through light outlet 1 2 and light outlet 2 26, and enter the external optical path from light input port 1 3 and light inlet port 2 25 at the same time. Mirror 14 and Mirror 4 24 are reflected to Mirror 2 5 and Mirror 5 23 in turn. The beam reflected by Mirror 2 5 is collimated by Collimating Mirror 1 8. Mirror 3 9 changes the laser direction and focuses Mirror one 10 focuses and outputs a single optical path laser; spot shaping system one 7 is located between mirror two 5 and collimating mirror one 8, and reshapes the circular spot in the optical path into a square spot. If no shaping is required, the beam does not need to pass through the spot shaping system 17; The beam reflected by the mirror 5 23 is collimated by the collimating mirror 2 20, the mirror 6 19 changes the laser direction, the focusing mirror 2 17 focuses, and outputs the laser on the left side of the single optical path; the spot shaping system 2 21 is located in the mirror 5 23 Between it and the collimating mirror 2 20, the circular light spot in the optical path is shaped into a square light spot. If no shaping is required, the beam does not need to pass through the spot shaping system 2 21; after the focusing mirror 1 10 and the focusing mirror 2 17 are focused, the two laser beams act on Impact the corresponding points on the front and back sides of the sample (target), and output the positive and negative opposing optical paths.

As shown in FIG. 5 , when light spot shaping is performed on the right optical path, the microlens array 71 of the light spot shaping system 1 7 reshapes the circular light spot into a square light spot, and controls the beam expander 1 73 , the beam expander 2 74 and the The switch of beam expander 3 76 adjusts the spot size; if spot shaping is not required, the electric slide 5 72 controls the movement of the microlens array 71, the beam does not pass through the microlens array 71, and the beam directly passes through the shaping element to output a circular spot. The structures of the second light spot shaping system 21 and the third light spot shaping system 22 are the same as those of the light spot shaping system one 7. The light spot shaping is performed on the left optical path and the light spot shaping is performed on the middle optical path, and the principles are the same.

To sum up, the present invention has unique design and ingenious optical path structure, and can realize the output of the right side of the single optical path, the left side of the single optical path, and the middle output of the single optical path of the laser beam 1 A and the laser beam 2 B, and the left and right output or positive output of the laser beam A-B dual optical path. Anti-opposite output, realize the rapid switching of various optical paths, can output various optical path output modes, meet different processing requirements, can significantly improve the processing efficiency, and the processing error is small. It can be called a good technology with novelty, creativity and practicability, and the market application prospect is broad.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that like numerals and letters refer to like items in the following figures, so once an item is defined in one figure, it does not require further definition and explanation in subsequent figures.

The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can easily think of changes or replacements, which should be covered within the scope of the present invention. within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope described in the claims.

It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any relationship between these entities or operations. any such actual relationship or sequence exists. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "comprising" or any other variation thereof are intended to encompass a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article or device that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes not explicitly listed or other elements inherent to such a process, method, article or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element qualified by the phrase "comprising a..." does not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in a process, method, article or apparatus that includes the element.

Claims (10)

1. A laser shock strengthening system with switchable optical paths, characterized in that it includes a laser (1) with one light outlet (2) and two (26) light outlets, one light outlet (2), two light outlets (26) and The light entrance one (3) and the light entrance two (25) of the external light path correspond to the light entrance one (3) and the light entrance two (25) on the other side with the reflector one (4) and the reflector Four (24), mirror one (4) and mirror four (24) are placed on the electric slide table one (6) and can be moved; Reflector two (5) are arranged on the reflected light path of reflector one (4), collimating mirror one (8), reflector three (9), and reflector three are sequentially arranged on the reflected light path of reflector two (5). A focusing mirror (10) is arranged on the reflected light path of (9), and the focusing mirror one (10) is placed on the electric slide table two (11) and can be moved; the focused light spot of the focusing mirror (10) acts on the impact test on sample (12); A reflection mirror five (23) is arranged on the reflected light path of the reflection mirror four (24), and a collimator mirror two (20), a reflection mirror six (19), and a reflection mirror six are arranged in sequence on the reflection light path of the reflection mirror five (23). A focusing mirror two (17) is arranged on the reflected light path of (19), and the focusing mirror two (17) is placed on the electric slide table three (18) and can be moved; the focused light spot of the focusing mirror two (17) acts on the impact test on sample (12); The other side of the light entrance one (3) and the light entrance two (25) are sequentially provided with a collimating mirror three (16) and a focusing mirror three (15), and the focusing mirror three (15) is placed on the electric sliding table four (4). 14), which can be moved; the light spot after focusing by the focusing mirror three (15) acts on the impact sample (12). 2. The laser shock-strengthening system with switchable optical path according to claim 1, characterized in that: a spot shaping system one (7) is arranged on the reflected optical path of the mirror two (5), and the spot shaping system one (7) is located in the the front side of one (8) collimating mirror; A light spot shaping system two (21) is arranged on the reflected light path of the reflecting mirror five (23), and the light spot shaping system two (21) is located on the front side of the collimating mirror two (20); A spot shaping system three (22) is arranged on the front side of the collimating mirror three (16). 3. The laser shock-strengthening system with switchable optical path according to claim 1, characterized in that: the light spot shaping system one (7) comprises a microlens array (71) for light spot shaping and a shaping element for adjusting the light spot, wherein, The microlens array (71) is placed on the electric sliding table five (72) and can be moved, and the shaping element includes a beam expander one (73), a beam expander two (74) and a beam expander three arranged in an equidistant and parallel staggered arrangement (76), placed on the electric slide table six (75), movable; The structures of the light spot shaping system two (21) and the light spot shaping system three (22) are the same as the light spot shaping system one (7). 4. The laser shock-strengthening system with switchable optical path according to claim 1, characterized in that: one (4) and four (24) reflecting mirrors are total reflection lenses, and one (4) reflecting mirror is at an angle with a horizontal line 135°, the angle between the fourth mirror (24) and the horizontal line is 45°, and the first mirror (4) and the fourth mirror (24) are located on the same vertical line. 5. The laser shock-strengthening system with switchable optical path according to claim 1, characterized in that: the second mirror (5) and the third mirror (9) are total reflection lenses, and the angle between the second mirror (5) and the horizontal line 135°, the angle between the third mirror (9) and the horizontal line is 45°, the second mirror (5) and the collimating mirror one (8) and the third mirror (9) are located on the same horizontal line, and the focusing mirror one (10) and the Reflecting mirror three (9) are located on the same vertical line, focusing mirror one (10) is placed on the electric slide table two (11) and can be moved, and the collimated parallel light after collimating mirror one (8) is passed by the focusing mirror One (10) focuses and outputs a circular light spot, the electric slide two (11) drives the focusing mirror one (10) to move to adjust the size of the light spot. 6. The laser shock-strengthening system with switchable optical paths according to claim 1, characterized in that: the five (23) and six (19) reflecting mirrors are total reflection lenses, and the five (5) reflecting mirrors are at an angle with the horizontal line 45°, the angle between the mirror six (19) and the horizontal line is 135°, the mirror five (23) and the collimating mirror two (20) and the mirror six (19) are located on the same horizontal line, the focusing mirror two (17) and the Reflecting mirror six (19) is located on the same vertical line, and the parallel light collimated by the collimating mirror two (20) is focused by the focusing mirror two (17), when the circular light spot is output, the electric slide three (18) is driven to focus The second mirror (17) moves to adjust the spot size. 7. The system according to claim 1 realizes the laser shock strengthening method of switchable optical path, it is characterized in that: laser (1) can output laser beam one A and laser beam two B of two wavelengths, laser beam one A and laser beam 2B can be output from light outlet 1 (2) in a single way, or output from both light outlet 1 (2) and light outlet 2 (26) at the same time; Laser beam 1 A and laser beam 2 B are output in a single way through light outlet 1 (2), enter the external optical path from light inlet 1 (3), and the laser beam passes through the mirror 1 ( 4), and then reflected on the second mirror (5), collimated by the collimating mirror one (8), the third mirror (9) changes the laser direction, the focusing mirror one (10) focuses, and outputs a single optical path laser, which acts on the laser beam. on the impact specimen (12); Laser beam 1 A and laser beam 2 B output lasers in a single way through light outlet 1 (2), enter the external optical path from light inlet 1 (3), and move the laser beam through the mirror 4 ( 24), and then reflected on the mirror five (23), collimated by the collimating mirror two (20), the mirror six (19) changes the laser direction, the focusing mirror two (17) focuses, and outputs a single optical path laser, which acts on the laser beam. on the impact specimen (12); Laser beam 1 A and laser beam 2 B output a single path of laser light through light exit port 1 (2), enter the external optical path from light entrance port 1 (3), and move through the electric slide table 1 (6), so that the laser beam does not pass through the mirror One (4) and four reflecting mirrors (24), the laser beam is collimated by the collimating mirror three (16), the focusing mirror three (15) is focused, and the single optical path laser is output, which acts on the impact sample (12); The first laser beam A and the second laser beam B are output simultaneously through the light exit port one (2) and the light exit port two (26), and enter the external optical path from the light entrance port one (3) and the light entrance port two (25) at the same time. The stage one (6) moves so that the laser beam passes through the reflector one (4) and the reflector four (24) respectively, and is reflected to the reflector two (5) and the reflector five (23) in turn, and the reflector two (5) reflects The beam is collimated by the collimating mirror one (8), the mirror three (9) changes the laser direction, the focusing mirror one (10) focuses, and outputs a single optical path laser; the beam reflected by the mirror five (23) passes through the collimating mirror two (20) Collimation, reflecting mirror six (19) changes the direction of the laser, focusing mirror two (17) focuses, and outputs a single optical path laser; the two laser beams focused by focusing mirror one (10) and focusing mirror two (17) act on Impact the corresponding points on the front and back sides of the sample, and output the positive and negative opposing optical paths. 8 . The laser shock strengthening method for switchable optical paths according to claim 7 , wherein the laser ( 1 ) can output laser beams with two wavelengths of 1064 nm and 532 nm. 9 . 9. The laser shock strengthening method for switchable optical paths according to claim 7, characterized in that: a spot shaping system one (7) is arranged on the reflected optical path of the mirror two (5), and the spot shaping system one (7) is located in Between the second reflecting mirror (5) and the first collimating mirror (8), the circular light spot in the optical path is shaped into a square light spot; A light spot shaping system two (21) is arranged on the reflected light path of the reflecting mirror five (23), and the light spot shaping system two (21) is located between the reflecting mirror five (23) and the collimating mirror two (20), and the circular light spot in the light path is arranged. Shaped into a square spot; A light spot shaping system three (22) is arranged on the front side of the collimating mirror three (16), and the circular light spot in the optical path is shaped into a square light spot. 10. The laser shock-strengthening method for switchable optical paths according to claim 9, characterized in that the light spot shaping system one (7) comprises a microlens array (71) for light spot shaping and a shaping element for adjusting the light spot, wherein, The microlens array (71) is placed on the electric sliding table five (72) and can be moved, and the shaping element includes a beam expander one (73), a beam expander two (74) and a beam expander three arranged in an equidistant and parallel staggered arrangement (76), placed on the electric sliding table six (75), movable; the structure of the light spot shaping system two (21) and the light spot shaping system three (22) is the same as that of the light spot shaping system one (7); When light spot shaping is performed on the optical path, the microlens array (71) of the light spot shaping system one (7) shapes the circular light spot into a square light spot, and controls the beam expander one (73) and the beam expander two through the electric slide table six (75). (74) and the beam expander three (76) are switched to adjust the spot size; if no spot shaping is required, the electric slide five (72) controls the movement of the microlens array (71), the light beam does not pass through the microlens array (71), the light beam The circular light spot is output directly through the shaping element.

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