CN112234349B

CN112234349B - A miniaturized broadband dual-polarized L-band satellite communication antenna

Info

Publication number: CN112234349B
Application number: CN202010987129.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵阳; 杜云飞; 刘三娃; 张袁
Original assignee: Chengdu Siwi Power Electronic Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Chengdu Siwi Power Electronic Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-18
Filing date: 2020-09-18
Publication date: 2025-03-25
Anticipated expiration: 2040-09-18
Also published as: CN112234349A

Abstract

The present invention discloses a miniaturized broadband dual-polarized L-band satellite communication antenna, which mainly solves the problem that existing small-sized antenna products are difficult to achieve broadband and dual polarization. The satellite communication antenna is composed of three dielectric plates and an air layer, which are a top dielectric plate 1, an intermediate dielectric plate 2, and a lower dielectric plate 3. The air layer is formed between the top dielectric plate 1 and the intermediate dielectric plate 2. One side of the grounding network of the intermediate dielectric plate 2 is bonded and connected to one side of the grounding network of the lower dielectric plate 3. The bonded intermediate dielectric plate 2 and the lower dielectric plate 3 are electrically connected to the top dielectric plate 1 through four fixed-distance metal studs 4. Through the above design, the satellite communication circularly polarized antenna of the present invention overcomes the narrow bandwidth, low gain, and low efficiency problems of ceramic antennas; at the same time, it breaks through the problems of large size, low gain, low port isolation, and difficulty in assembly of traditional air dielectric antennas; it realizes the combination of broadband, miniaturization, and dual polarization.

Description

Miniaturized broadband dual-polarized L-wave Duan Weitong antenna

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a miniaturized broadband dual-polarized L-wave Duan Weitong antenna.

Background

The satellite communication antenna products mainly have two types, one type is a ceramic antenna, ceramic materials are mainly used as base materials, a double-point feed mode is adopted, and a feed network is integrated on the back. Because the ceramic has higher dielectric constant, the bandwidth of the antenna is narrower, and the requirement on processing precision is higher. At the same time, to achieve small size, the feed network employs an integrated 3dB bridge device. The ceramic antenna can be made to be smaller in size, but the scheme has obvious defects, and the scheme is mainly characterized by narrower bandwidth, lower gain and lower radiation efficiency. Meanwhile, in order to exchange the physical size of the antenna, the ceramic antenna scheme can sacrifice the corresponding working bandwidth, the antenna radiation efficiency and the antenna gain. The ceramic antenna has high requirements on the processing precision and consistency, and often, after the production and assembly are completed, the antenna needs to be corrected, and the correction mode often adopts an angle cutting method. This places a certain burden on the manufacturing process of the antenna. At the same time, the ceramic (antenna radiating part) and the PCB board (feeding part) are fixed by means of a back glue, which has the risk of falling off.

The other type is an air medium antenna, the traditional air medium antenna is divided into three parts, one part is a radiation unit layer, the middle layer is an air medium layer, the bottom layer is a feed network layer, and the bottom layer and the top layer are connected through medium plates with crisscross middle parts. The dielectric plate has two main functions, one is used for supporting the top layer and the other is used for connecting the top layer and the bottom layer. The radiation unit layer of the top layer comprises four antenna units, the antenna units adopt a traditional inverted F type, and the short circuit part of the inverted F antenna is also printed on the middle cross connection dielectric plate. The feed network layer is made of a single-layer PCB board, and particularly a quarter Wilkinson power divider is adopted to realize equal amplitude of four units, and the phase difference is fed by 90 degrees in sequence, so that the circular polarization characteristic of the antenna is realized.

The traditional air medium antenna adopts a crisscross medium plate for connection support, and the biggest problem of the mode is that the assembly is finer, the ground part and the short circuit part are required to be aligned at the same time when the notch of the crossing part is required to be aligned, and the ground part and the short circuit part are also required to be welded.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a miniaturized broadband dual-polarized L-wave Duan Weitong antenna, which mainly solves the problem that the existing small-size antenna product is difficult to realize broadband and dual polarization.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a miniaturized broadband dual polarized L-wave Duan Weitong antenna comprises

A top dielectric plate, the upper surface of which is printed with an antenna radiation unit;

The antenna feed network is printed on the upper surface of the middle layer dielectric plate, the antenna grounding network is printed on the lower surface of the middle layer dielectric plate, and eight metallized through holes are formed between the upper surface and the lower surface of the middle layer dielectric plate;

the upper surface of the lower dielectric plate is printed with an antenna grounding network, the lower surface of the lower dielectric plate is printed with an antenna feed network, and four metallized through holes are formed between the upper surface and the lower surface of the middle dielectric plate;

an air layer formed between the top dielectric plate and the middle dielectric plate;

One surface of the grounding network of the middle layer dielectric plate is connected with one surface of the grounding network of the lower layer dielectric plate in a bonding way, and the bonded middle layer dielectric plate and the lower layer dielectric plate are electrically connected with the top layer dielectric plate through four metal studs at intervals;

The antenna feed network on the upper surface of the middle layer dielectric plate is communicated with the antenna feed network on the lower surface of the lower layer dielectric plate, and the integral antenna feed network is provided with two signal input ends and four signal output ends with phase differences of 90 degrees in sequence, so that input signals are divided into four paths with equal amplitude.

Further, the feed network employs a two-stage 3dB bridge extension.

Further, a decoupling circuit is arranged in the feed network.

Further, the top dielectric plate, the middle dielectric plate and the lower dielectric plate are all TaconicRF-60 double-layer plates, the dielectric constant is 6.15, the thickness is 0.64mm, and the double-layer plates are all 18um copper-clad plates and double-sided cloth solder resist.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

The guard circular polarized antenna can generate a symmetrical radiation pattern when 4 paths of feed signals with equal amplitude and phase differences of 0 DEG, 90 DEG, 180 DEG and 270 DEG are excited. The antenna overcomes the problems of narrow bandwidth, low gain and low efficiency of a ceramic antenna, breaks through the problems of large size, low gain, low port isolation and high assembly difficulty of the traditional air medium antenna, and realizes the collection of broadband, miniaturization and dual polarization.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a waveform diagram of transmit-receive isolation and return loss of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention at 1.575 GHz.

Fig. 3 is a pattern of an antenna of an embodiment of the invention at 1.575 GHz.

Fig. 4 is an axial ratio diagram of an antenna of an embodiment of the invention at 1.575 GHz.

Wherein, the names corresponding to the reference numerals are:

The antenna comprises a 1-top dielectric plate, a 2-middle dielectric plate, a 3-lower dielectric plate, 4-distance metal studs, a 5-antenna radiating unit and a 6-antenna feed network.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further illustrated by the following description and examples, which include but are not limited to the following examples.

Examples

As shown in fig. 1, the miniaturized broadband dual-polarized L-wave Duan Weitong antenna disclosed by the invention is composed of three dielectric plates, namely a top dielectric plate 1, a middle dielectric plate 2 and a lower dielectric plate 3, and an air layer formed between the top dielectric plate 1 and the middle dielectric plate 2. The three dielectric plates are TaconicRF-60 double-layer plates, the dielectric constant is 6.15, the thickness is 0.64mm, and the double-layer plates are 18um copper-clad plates and double-sided cloth solder resist.

Wherein the upper surface of the top dielectric plate is printed with an antenna radiating element 5. The upper surface of the intermediate layer dielectric plate is printed with an antenna feed network 6, the lower surface of the intermediate layer dielectric plate is printed with an antenna grounding network, and eight metallized through holes are formed between the upper surface and the lower surface of the intermediate layer dielectric plate. The upper surface of the lower dielectric plate is printed with an antenna grounding network, the lower surface of the lower dielectric plate is printed with an antenna feed network, and four metallized through holes are formed between the upper surface and the lower surface of the middle dielectric plate.

The grounding network surface of the middle layer dielectric plate 2 is connected with the grounding network surface of the lower layer dielectric plate 3 in a bonding mode, and the bonded middle layer dielectric plate 2 and the lower layer dielectric plate 3 are electrically connected with the top layer dielectric plate 1 through four metal studs 4 at intervals.

The antenna feed network on the upper surface of the middle layer dielectric plate is communicated with the antenna feed network on the lower surface of the lower layer dielectric plate, and the integral antenna feed network is provided with two signal input ends and four signal output ends with phase differences of 90 degrees in sequence, so that an input signal is divided into four paths with equal amplitude, and a left-handed signal and a right-handed signal can be input into the network at the same time. When the left-hand signal is input, the input signal is divided into four paths of signals with equal amplitude and phases which are sequentially different by 90 degrees along the clockwise direction, and when the right-hand signal is input, the input signal is divided into four paths of signals with equal amplitude and phases which are sequentially different by 90 degrees along the anticlockwise direction.

As shown in fig. 2-4, the left-hand input and the right-hand input may produce clockwise and counterclockwise signal outputs, respectively. The inner product of the two outputs is 0, indicating that the two input signals are isolated from each other. I.e. the left-hand input and the right-hand input do not interfere with each other.

In order to maintain a stable phase over a wide band, the feed network employs a two-stage 3dB bridge extension.

In this embodiment, the left-hand circularly polarized antenna and the right-hand circularly polarized antenna can theoretically operate independently of each other. However, since the two antennas are integrated in a small space, there is strong coupling between the antennas, and the isolation index is drastically deteriorated. Therefore, in this embodiment, a decoupling circuit is added to the feed network to reduce the coupling between the antennas.

The antennas in this embodiment cover 1512-1586MHz and 1635-1700MHz and achieve right-hand circular polarization and left-hand circular polarization, respectively. The antenna gain is greater than-4 dB in the 1518-1528MHz frequency range, 1-84 DEG to +81 DEG, greater than-4 dB in the 1668-1675MHz frequency range, greater than-4 dB in the + -75 DEG range, greater than-3 dB in the 1575.42 + -1.023 MHz frequency range, and greater than-3 dB in the + -69 DEG range. The antenna axis ratio is less than 8dB in 1518-1525MHz frequency band, + -69 DEG, less than 8dB in 1668-1675MHz frequency band, -69 DEG to +66 DEG, and less than 8dB in 1575.42+ -1.023 MHz frequency band, + -64 deg.

The whole frequency band of the antenna standing wave is less than or equal to 1.6, the receiving and transmitting isolation is more than or equal to 8dB, and the mechanical size is less than or equal to 35 multiplied by 20mm.

The port characteristics and radiation characteristics of the antenna are shown in fig. 2 to 4, respectively, for example, at a frequency of 1.575 GHz.

Through the design, the guard circular polarized antenna can generate a symmetrical radiation pattern when 4 paths of feed signals with equal amplitude and phase differences of 0 DEG, 90 DEG, 180 DEG and 270 DEG are excited. The antenna overcomes the problems of narrow bandwidth, low gain and low efficiency of a ceramic antenna, breaks through the problems of large size, low gain, low port isolation and high assembly difficulty of the traditional air medium antenna, and realizes the collection of broadband, miniaturization and dual polarization. Therefore, the method has high use value and popularization value.

The above embodiment is only one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of the present invention, but all the insubstantial modifications or color changes made in the main design concept and spirit of the present invention are still consistent with the present invention, and all the technical problems to be solved are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A miniaturized broadband dual-polarized L-band satellite communication antenna, characterized in that it includes

A top dielectric plate (1), the upper surface of which is printed with an antenna radiation unit (5);

An intermediate dielectric plate (2), wherein an antenna feeding network (6) is printed on the upper surface of the intermediate dielectric plate, an antenna grounding network is printed on the lower surface of the intermediate dielectric plate, and eight metallized vias are arranged between the upper and lower surfaces of the intermediate dielectric plate;

A lower dielectric board (3), wherein an antenna grounding network is printed on the upper surface of the lower dielectric board, an antenna feeding network is printed on the lower surface of the lower dielectric board, and four metallized vias are arranged between the upper and lower surfaces of the middle dielectric board;

An air layer is formed between the top dielectric plate (1) and the middle dielectric plate (2);

One side of the grounding network of the middle dielectric plate (2) is bonded and connected to one side of the grounding network of the lower dielectric plate (3); the bonded middle dielectric plate (2) and the lower dielectric plate (3) are electrically connected to the top dielectric plate (1) via four fixed-distance metal studs (4);

The antenna feeding network on the upper surface of the intermediate dielectric plate is connected to the antenna feeding network on the lower surface of the lower dielectric plate, and the overall antenna feeding network formed has two signal input terminals and four signal output terminals with phase differences of 90° respectively, so that the input signal is divided into four paths with equal amplitudes.

2. A miniaturized wideband dual-polarization L-band satellite communication antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the feeding network adopts a two-stage 3dB bridge expansion.

3. A miniaturized wideband dual-polarized L-band satellite communication antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that a decoupling circuit is provided in the feeding network.

4. According to claim 3, a miniaturized wideband dual-polarization L-band satellite communication antenna is characterized in that the top dielectric plate (1), the middle dielectric plate (2), and the lower dielectric plate (3) are all made of Taconic RF-60 double-layer plate, whose dielectric constant is 6.15 and thickness is 0.64mm; the double-layer plate is made of 18um copper clad plate with double-sided solder mask.