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CN112136408A - Greening method suitable for sand abrupt slope in high-altitude area - Google Patents

Greening method suitable for sand abrupt slope in high-altitude area Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112136408A
CN112136408A CN202010971139.6A CN202010971139A CN112136408A CN 112136408 A CN112136408 A CN 112136408A CN 202010971139 A CN202010971139 A CN 202010971139A CN 112136408 A CN112136408 A CN 112136408A
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water storage
storage tank
planting
sand
slope
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CN112136408B (en
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李春林
许剑平
范小妮
臧小龙
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Qingdao Guanzhong Ecology Co ltd
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Qingdao Guanzhong Ecology Co ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00Methods for working soil
    • A01B79/02Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/22Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a greening method suitable for a sand steep slope in a high-altitude area, which comprises the following steps: digging planting holes, paving coconut chaff, planting seedlings, arranging a closure water storage tank, paving a greening grass curtain and maintaining. The intercepting and water storage tank comprises an intercepting plate, a water storage tank and a flow guide pipe. The catch basin can collect the rainwater to with the leading-in plant root of rainwater, afforest the grass curtain and can weaken the rainwater to the erodeing of sand ground, with rainwater water conservancy diversion to the catch basin, reduce the evaporation of water. The structural characteristics of the coconut chaff are beneficial to the growth of plant roots. The method provided by the invention can solve the technical problem that the existing sand greening technology is not suitable for the sand steep slope in the high-altitude area.

Description

Greening method suitable for sand abrupt slope in high-altitude area
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sand greening, in particular to a sand greening technology suitable for high-altitude areas.
Background
China has large-area desertified land and shows the trend of aggravating the desertification degree of the land, which causes serious damage to the ecological environment of China and brings serious challenge to the ecological civilization construction, so the desert control is not slow. The method mainly applies drought-enduring plants to afforest desert regions so as to achieve the aim of ecological management, but the existing method has unsatisfactory treatment effect on the steep slope of the sandy land in the high-altitude area because the drought-impoverished conditions of the sandy land are not favorable for plant survival, and the climatic conditions of strong radiation and large evaporation capacity in the high-altitude area further reduce the survival rate of the plants in the sandy land, and the steep slope of the sandy land is easy to slide when meeting strong rainfall, so that the technical difficulty of afforesting the steep slope of the sandy land in the high-altitude area is higher by integrating the reasons.
CN 110663463A is to dig a concave cavity as a lump in the sand to be greened, and then to lay a protective net on the concave cavity and the sand at the outer edge of the concave cavity; and then, mixing the plant seeds with strong drought resistance, the water-retaining foam and the low-grade concrete, pouring the mixture on a protective net to form cured concrete, and watering the plant seeds in a cured layer to grow the plant seeds from the cured layer, thereby achieving the purpose of greening the sand. CN 108949183A sets a wind-proof sand-fixing area at the edge of the sand to be greened to form a greening area; setting a water storage cellar in the sand fixation barrier; setting planting belts and sand fixing belts in the green area at intervals in parallel; the planting belt is a strip-shaped groove, and the modifying agent is paved at the bottom of the groove and then ploughed and leveled; laying a field planting plate at the bottom of the groove, wherein a row of field planting holes are formed in the field planting plate along the length direction of the field planting plate; after a planting pot containing indoor cultivated seedlings is planted on the planting hole, the strip-shaped groove is buried, and the surface after burying is not higher than the top edge of the planting pot; and applying a sand fixing agent on the surface of the sand fixing zone, and delivering water to the planting pot once every 1-2 months until the height of the tree seedling is higher than 3 m.
CN 109287351A covers the surface of the desert by separating the transparent material, fixes the transparent material by the ground nail, and connects the transparent material into blocks by the rope, thereby preventing the generation of large area sand storm, preventing the continuous evaporation of water while evaporating the groundwater to the surface layer of the desert, and preserving the water of the desert; in the weather of rain, snow and fog, water flows into the desert along the gaps between the transparent materials because the surfaces of the transparent materials are flat and smooth, and the rainfall moisture is preserved; at night or in seasons with lower temperature, the transparent material layer becomes the heat-insulating layer of the desert, and provides favorable conditions for the survival of the tree species.
When the method in the invention is used for greening the sand land, a certain effect can be achieved in a relatively flat and slow sand land, but the method is not suitable for the sand land with a large gradient, and the sand is loose in structure, easy to slide when the gradient of the sand land is large and easy to cause landslide hazard when meeting strong rainfall, so that the landslide hazard is avoided when greening the steep slope of the sand land in a high-altitude area with frequent rainfall in rainy season. In high-altitude areas, the evaporation capacity is large in dry seasons, and the sandy environment is dry and unfavorable for survival of plants, so that corresponding measures are taken to ensure the supply of water required by plant growth.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a greening method suitable for a sandy land abrupt slope in a high-altitude area, solves the technical problem that the existing sandy land greening technology is not suitable for the sandy land abrupt slope in the high-altitude area, and obviously improves the plant survival rate of the sandy land abrupt slope in the high-altitude area.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: includes digging planting hole, spreading coconut husk, planting seedling, setting cut-off water tank, spreading green grass curtain and curing.
As a preferred embodiment, the planting holes are dug along the direction of the slope contour line, and the horizontal and vertical distances between adjacent planting holes are 1-2 m.
As a preferred embodiment, the coconut coir decomposition degree is moderate.
As a preferred embodiment, the nursery stock is a plant nursery stock cultured by a non-woven fabric nursery bag in a nursery room, preferably the seedling is one year old, and the variety can be one or any combination of more of narrow-leaved oleaster, salix mongolica, sea buckthorn, haloxylon, caragana microphylla, sophora japonica, flower sticks and local plants in the area where the sandy land to be greened is located.
In a preferred embodiment, the intercepting water storage tank comprises an intercepting plate, a water storage tank and a flow guide pipe which are of an integrated structure.
As a preferable embodiment, the length of the intercepting plate is 1-2 m, the height of the intercepting plate is 20-30 cm, the thickness of the intercepting plate is 0.5-1 cm, the length of the water storage tank is 50-80 cm, the width of the water storage tank is 10-20 cm, the height of the water storage tank is 10-20 cm, the diameter of the guide pipe is 3-8 cm, the tail end of the guide pipe is inserted into a coconut husk layer for 5-10 cm, and the length of the guide pipe is determined according to the depth of a planting.
A greening method suitable for a sand steep slope in a high-altitude area comprises the following steps:
(1) and (2) excavating planting holes in the steep slope of the sandy land to be greened along the vertical direction of the slope contour line, wherein the depth and the diameter of the excavation are determined according to the sizes of the planted seedlings, paving a coconut husk layer at the bottom of the planting holes, the thickness of the coconut husk layer is 10-15 cm, and planting the plant seedlings in the planting holes.
(2) The cut-off water storage tank is fixed above the planted nursery stock along the slope direction, the water storage tank in the cut-off water storage tank is completely placed in soil during fixing, the cut-off plates are inserted along the vertical direction of the slope contour line, the depth of the cut-off plates in the cut-off water storage tank is 1-3 cm, two cut-off plates of the cut-off water storage tank of the nursery stock adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction are tightly attached without gaps, and the guide pipe is inserted into the coconut husk layer by 5-10 cm.
(3) And (3) paving a green grass curtain above the area for planting the seedlings, wherein the grass poles in the green grass curtain are inserted in the direction vertical to the slope surface, and the depth of the grass poles in the green grass curtain is 20-40 cm.
(4) Proper amount of water is needed to be watered for the planted nursery stock in dry seasons, the watering is carried out once every 7-10 days, the water is directly injected into the water storage tank, and the watering is not needed in rainy seasons.
(5) And stopping watering and maintaining after the planted nursery stock survives. After the root system of the plant grows well, the greening straw curtain is removed, and the cut-off water storage tank is recycled.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the intercepting and water storage tank used in the invention can guide water into the roots of plants in the sand ground, thereby avoiding rapid evaporation of water on the surface layer and improving the utilization rate of water; during rainfall, the accumulation of water flow on the slope surface can be blocked by the closure water storage tank, and the impact force of rainwater is dispersed, so that the probability of landslide is reduced. The sand surface layer is covered with the greening straw curtain, so that the scouring of rainwater on the sand can be weakened, and the rainwater is drained to the closure water storage tank, and meanwhile, the effects of reducing the evaporation of water on the sand surface layer and preserving heat are achieved. The coconut husk layer laid on the root of the planted seedling has good air structure and water retention capacity, and is beneficial to the growth of the plant root.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a top view structural schematic view of the intercepting water reservoir of fig. 1.
In the figure: 1-plant seedlings cultivated in the non-woven fabric seedling raising zone; 2-intercepting water storage tank; 3-a coconut husk layer; 4-greening grass curtains; 5-a closure plate; 6-a flow guide pipe; 7-water storage tank.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A greening method suitable for a sand steep slope in a high-altitude area comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) excavating planting holes on the steep slope of the sandy land to be greened, wherein the planting holes are along the contour line direction of the slope surface, the depth and the diameter of the excavation are determined according to the sizes of the planted seedlings, and the horizontal and vertical distances between every two adjacent planting holes are 1 m.
(2) And paving coconut chaff at the bottom of the planting hole, wherein the decomposition degree of the coconut chaff is medium, and the paving thickness is 10 cm.
(3) Planting the planted seedlings in the planting holes, wherein the planted seedlings are plant seedlings cultured in a seedling culture chamber by using non-woven fabric seedling culture bags, and selecting sea buckthorn to be planted according to the climatic conditions of the region where the sand to be treated is located.
(4) The catch basin that dams is fixed in the top of planting the nursery stock along the slope direction, the catch basin that dams includes closure plate, catch basin and honeycomb duct, closure plate length 1m, high 20cm, thick 0.5cm, when fixed closure plate orientation insert along domatic contour line direction, and the degree of depth of burying 1cm, closely laminating between two adjacent closure plates of horizontal direction do not keep the gap, the catch basin is long 50cm, wide 10cm, high 10cm, all arranges soil in, honeycomb duct diameter 3cm inserts in step (2) 5cm in the coconut husk layer.
(5) And (3) paving a green grass curtain in the area for planting the seedlings, wherein the grass rod direction is inserted along the vertical direction of the slope surface when the green grass curtain is paved, and the soil penetration depth is 20 cm.
(6) Proper amount of water is needed to be watered every 7-10 days in dry seasons, water is poured into the water storage tank, water directly reaches the roots of the plants, and the water utilization rate can be improved. No watering is needed in rainy season.
(7) And stopping watering and maintaining after the transplanted nursery stock survives. After the root system of the plant grows well, the greening straw curtain is removed, and the cut-off water storage tank is recycled.
Example 2
A greening method suitable for a sand steep slope in a high-altitude area comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) excavating planting holes on the steep slope of the sandy land to be greened, wherein the planting holes are along the contour line direction of the slope, the depth and the diameter of the excavation are determined according to the sizes of the planted seedlings, and the horizontal and vertical distances between every two adjacent planting holes are 1.5 m.
(2) And paving coconut chaff at the bottom of the planting hole, wherein the decomposition degree of the coconut chaff is medium, and the paving thickness is 12.5 cm.
(3) Planting the planted seedlings in the planting holes, wherein the planted seedlings are plant seedlings cultured in a non-woven fabric seedling raising bag in a seedling raising chamber, and selecting elaeagnus angustifolia for planting according to the climatic conditions of the region where the sandy land to be treated is located.
(4) The catch basin that dams is fixed in the top of planting the nursery stock along the slope direction, the catch basin that dams includes closure plate, catch basin and honeycomb duct, the closure plate is long 1.5m, high 25cm, thick 0.75cm, and the closure plate direction inserts along domatic contour line direction during fixed, and the degree of depth of burying 2cm, closely laminating between two adjacent closure plates of horizontal direction, do not keep the gap, the catch basin is long 65cm, wide 15cm, high 15cm, all arranges soil in, honeycomb duct diameter 5.5cm inserts in step (2) 7.5cm in the coconut husk layer.
(5) And (3) paving a green grass curtain in the area for planting the seedlings, wherein the grass rod direction is inserted along the vertical direction of the slope surface when the green grass curtain is paved, and the soil penetration depth is 30 cm.
(6) Proper amount of water is needed to be watered every 7-10 days in dry seasons, water is poured into the water storage tank, water directly reaches the roots of the plants, and the water utilization rate can be improved. No watering is needed in rainy season.
(7) And stopping watering and maintaining after the transplanted nursery stock survives. After the root system of the plant grows well, the greening straw curtain is removed, and the cut-off water storage tank is recycled.
Example 3
A greening method suitable for a sand steep slope in a high-altitude area comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) excavating planting holes on the steep slope of the sandy land to be greened, wherein the planting holes are along the contour line direction of the slope surface, the depth and the diameter of the excavation are determined according to the sizes of the planted seedlings, and the horizontal and vertical distances between every two adjacent planting holes are 2 m.
(2) And paving coconut chaff at the bottom of the planting hole, wherein the decomposition degree of the coconut chaff is medium, and the paving thickness is 15 cm.
(3) Planting the planted seedlings in the planting holes, wherein the planted seedlings are plant seedlings cultured in a non-woven fabric seedling raising bag in a seedling raising chamber, and selecting the haloxylon ammodendron for planting according to the climatic conditions of the region where the sandy land to be treated is located.
(4) The catch basin that dams is fixed in the top of planting the nursery stock along the slope direction, the catch basin that dams includes closure plate, catch basin and honeycomb duct, the closure plate is long 2m, high 30cm, thick 1cm, and the closure plate direction inserts along domatic contour line direction during fixed, and the degree of depth of burying 3cm, closely laminating between two adjacent closure plates of horizontal direction do not keep the gap, the catch basin is long 80cm, wide 20cm, high 20cm, all arranges soil in, honeycomb duct diameter 8cm inserts in step (2) the coconut husk in situ 10 cm.
(5) And (3) paving a greening grass curtain in the area for planting the seedlings, wherein the grass rod direction is inserted along the vertical direction of the slope surface when the greening grass curtain is paved, and the soil penetration depth is 40 cm.
(6) Proper amount of water is needed to be watered every 7-10 days in dry seasons, water is poured into the water storage tank, water directly reaches the roots of the plants, and the water utilization rate can be improved. No watering is needed in rainy season.
(7) And stopping watering and maintaining after the transplanted nursery stock survives. After the root system of the plant grows well, the greening straw curtain is removed, and the cut-off water storage tank is recycled.
Examples of the experiments
The example 1 of the invention is used as an experimental group, the control group directly plants the nursery stock in the sand to be greened, and the control group adopts the same field, nursery stock and maintenance method as the experimental group. And (4) counting the survival rate of the seedlings 6 months after transplanting, wherein the survival rate of the experimental composition is 92%, and the survival rate of the contrast composition is 46%.
TABLE 1 recording table of survival rate of nursery stock
Group of Experimental group Control group
Total number of planted nursery stock 200 200
Number of surviving seedlings 184 92
Survival rate 92% 46%
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the intercepting and water storage tank used in the invention can guide water into the roots of plants in the sand ground, thereby avoiding rapid evaporation of water on the surface layer and improving the utilization rate of water; during rainfall, the accumulation of water flow on the slope surface can be blocked by the closure water storage tank, and the impact force of rainwater is dispersed, so that the probability of landslide is reduced. The sand surface layer is covered with the greening straw curtain, so that the scouring of rainwater on the sand can be weakened, and the rainwater is drained to the closure water storage tank, and meanwhile, the effects of reducing the evaporation of water on the sand surface layer and preserving heat are achieved. The coconut husk layer laid at the root of the planted plant has good air structure and water retention capacity, and is beneficial to the growth of the root of the plant.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (7)

1. A greening method suitable for a sand abrupt slope in a high-altitude area is characterized by comprising the steps of digging planting holes, paving coconut chaff, planting seedlings, arranging cut-off water storage tanks, paving greening grass curtains and maintaining.
2. A greening method suitable for a sandy land steep slope in a high-altitude area according to claim 1, wherein the planting holes are dug along the vertical direction of the slope contour line, and the horizontal and vertical distances between adjacent planting holes are 1-2 m.
3. The greening method applicable to the steep slope of the sandy land in the high-altitude area as claimed in claim 1, wherein the decomposition degree of the coconut coir is medium.
4. A greening method suitable for high-altitude sandy land steep slope according to claim 1, characterized in that the nursery stock is a plant nursery stock cultured in a non-woven fabric nursery bag in a nursery room, preferably with one-year seedling age, and the variety can be one or any combination of several of narrow-leaved oleaster, salix mongolica, sea buckthorn, haloxylon, caragana microphylla, sophora japonica, flower stick and local plants in the area where sandy land to be greened is located.
5. The greening method applicable to the steep slope of the sandy land in the high-altitude area as claimed in claim 1, wherein said intercepting reservoir comprises an intercepting plate, a reservoir and a draft tube, which are of an integral structure.
6. The greening method suitable for the sand slope at high altitude area according to claim 5, wherein the intercepting plate is 1-2 m long, 20-30 cm high and 0.5-1 cm thick, the water storage tank is 50-80 cm long, 10-20 cm wide and 10-20 cm high, the diameter of the draft tube is 3-8 cm, the tail end of the draft tube is inserted into the coconut husk layer for 5-10 cm, and the length is determined according to the depth of the planting pit.
7. A greening method suitable for a high-altitude area sand steep slope as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) digging a planting hole on a steep slope of a sandy land to be greened, wherein the digging depth and diameter are determined according to the size of a planted seedling, paving a coconut husk layer at the bottom of the planting hole, the thickness of the coconut husk layer is 10-15 cm, and planting the plant seedling in the planting hole; (2) fixing the closure water storage tank above the planted nursery stock along the slope direction, wherein the closure water storage tank in the closure water storage tank is completely placed in soil when the closure water storage tank is fixed, the closure plates are inserted along the direction vertical to the contour line of the slope surface, the depth of the cut-in soil is 1-3 cm, two adjacent closure plates are tightly attached to each other in the horizontal direction, no gap is left, and the guide pipe is inserted into the coconut husk layer by 5-10 cm; (3) paving a green grass curtain in an area for planting the seedlings, wherein grass poles in the green grass curtain are inserted in the direction vertical to the slope surface, and the depth of the grass poles in the green grass curtain is 20-40 cm; (4) watering the planted plants in a proper amount in dry seasons, watering once every 7-10 days, directly injecting water into the water storage tank, and watering in rainy seasons; (5) stopping watering and maintaining after the transplanted plants survive; after the root system of the plant grows well, the greening straw curtain is removed, and the cut-off water storage tank is recycled.
CN202010971139.6A 2020-09-16 2020-09-16 Greening method suitable for sand abrupt slope in high-altitude area Active CN112136408B (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113498651A (en) * 2021-08-11 2021-10-15 铜陵大一环境科技有限公司 Ecological restoration method for mine exploitation stone wall
CN115110471A (en) * 2022-06-08 2022-09-27 青岛冠中生态股份有限公司 High-altitude desertification valley ecological restoration method based on biodiversity improvement
CN115162370A (en) * 2022-06-14 2022-10-11 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 A vegetation restoration method for steep slopes and ridges in the fragile ecological area of dry-hot valleys

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CN105340614A (en) * 2015-11-02 2016-02-24 棕榈园林股份有限公司 Novel hard slope lattice ecological afforestation structure and method
CN106717731A (en) * 2015-11-25 2017-05-31 吴任平 A kind of abrupt slope Sod Cultivation system
CN108476649A (en) * 2018-03-07 2018-09-04 广州普邦园林股份有限公司 A kind of gardens abrupt slope plant landscape method
CN110219310A (en) * 2019-06-03 2019-09-10 四川大学 Drainage pipe combines the frame grid type vegetation soil cement bank protecting method and facility of the multi-functional reinforced bands that draw water

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101731092A (en) * 2009-12-18 2010-06-16 华中农业大学 Recovery method of bare red sandstone abrupt slope vegetation
CN103011957A (en) * 2012-12-11 2013-04-03 青岛冠中生态股份有限公司 Soil culture medium for greening of slope roof
CN104196038A (en) * 2014-08-15 2014-12-10 申新山 High and steep rock side slope active protection method and facility
CN105210494A (en) * 2015-10-20 2016-01-06 宝鸡市林业科学研究所 Loess steep slope is mixed hands over Afforestation method
CN105340614A (en) * 2015-11-02 2016-02-24 棕榈园林股份有限公司 Novel hard slope lattice ecological afforestation structure and method
CN106717731A (en) * 2015-11-25 2017-05-31 吴任平 A kind of abrupt slope Sod Cultivation system
CN108476649A (en) * 2018-03-07 2018-09-04 广州普邦园林股份有限公司 A kind of gardens abrupt slope plant landscape method
CN110219310A (en) * 2019-06-03 2019-09-10 四川大学 Drainage pipe combines the frame grid type vegetation soil cement bank protecting method and facility of the multi-functional reinforced bands that draw water

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113498651A (en) * 2021-08-11 2021-10-15 铜陵大一环境科技有限公司 Ecological restoration method for mine exploitation stone wall
CN115110471A (en) * 2022-06-08 2022-09-27 青岛冠中生态股份有限公司 High-altitude desertification valley ecological restoration method based on biodiversity improvement
CN115162370A (en) * 2022-06-14 2022-10-11 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 A vegetation restoration method for steep slopes and ridges in the fragile ecological area of dry-hot valleys

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