CN112129649A - Measuring device and method for rapidly determining collision recovery coefficient of object - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a measuring device for quickly measuring the collision recovery coefficient of an object, and belongs to the technical field of material experiments. The quick device includes an adsorption mechanism, a collision mechanism and an information collection mechanism; the adsorption mechanism includes a vacuum negative pressure pump and a suction nozzle connected through an air pipe; the collision mechanism includes a support frame and a sliding rod, and a collision plate is fixedly installed in the center of the bottom of the support frame; information The acquisition mechanism includes several acoustic emission sensors, DS2-type full-information acoustic emission measuring instrument, laser rangefinder and microcomputer. The invention also discloses a measurement method for measuring the collision recovery coefficient of an object. The above measuring device is used to accurately measure the release height of the object, and then the collision recovery coefficient is determined. The invention can accurately measure the release height of the object to be measured on the basis of convenient construction, and can also avoid the rotation of the object to be measured during the release process, further guarantees the accuracy of the measurement results, and realizes fast and accurate determination of the object collision recovery coefficient.

Description

A measuring device and method for rapidly measuring the coefficient of restitution of an object collision

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of material testing, in particular to a measuring device and method for rapidly measuring the collision recovery coefficient of an object.

Background technique

The collision restitution coefficient of an object is an important physical parameter in physics. It reflects the ability of an object to deform and recover during a contact collision, and it can also reflect the energy loss in the collision process. The coefficient of restitution is widely used. In different fields such as geotechnical mechanics, materials engineering, elastic collision research in physics, finite element simulation, etc. The precise determination of the restitution coefficient of materials is an urgent problem to be solved, because the measurement accuracy of the restitution coefficient depends to a large extent. The release height of the collision and the measurement accuracy of small time intervals.

At present, the common measurement method is the acoustic wave sensor measurement method, but it has the shortcomings of inaccurate measurement of the release height and easy rotation of the object to be measured during the falling process.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a measuring device for quickly measuring the collision recovery coefficient of an object with accurate measurement and little external interference.

Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a measurement method for quickly measuring the collision recovery coefficient of an object with short measurement time and high precision, aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art.

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions. The present invention is a measuring device for quickly measuring the coefficient of restitution of an object collision, which is characterized in that it includes an adsorption mechanism, a collision mechanism and an information collection mechanism;

The adsorption mechanism includes a vacuum negative pressure pump, and the vacuum negative pressure pump is connected with a suction nozzle through a trachea;

The collision mechanism includes a support frame and a sliding rod, a collision plate is fixedly installed in the center of the bottom of the supporting frame, a collision part is arranged in the center of the collision plate, and the sliding rod is laterally installed on the bracket and is directly above the collision part. , the suction nozzle is installed in the middle of the sliding rod;

The information collection mechanism includes a number of acoustic emission sensors, DS2 type full-information acoustic emission measuring instrument, a laser rangefinder and a microcomputer. It is connected to the DS2 full-information acoustic emission measuring instrument through a signal line, and the laser range finder is fixedly installed in the middle of the slide bar.

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention can also be further realized through the following technical solutions. In the above-mentioned measuring device for rapidly measuring the coefficient of restitution of an object collision: the support frame is a cube frame, and the sliding rod is installed on the sliding wheel through the sliding wheels at both ends. On the upper part of the support frame, an adjusting rod is also installed vertically on the sliding rod, and the suction nozzle and the laser range finder are all installed on the adjusting rod.

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention can be further realized by the following technical solutions. In the above-mentioned measuring device for rapidly measuring the coefficient of restitution of an object collision: the adjusting rod is installed on the aluminum profile sliding rod through a fastening fixture.

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention can be further realized by the following technical solutions. In the above-mentioned measuring device for rapidly measuring the coefficient of restitution of an object collision: the number of the acoustic emission sensors is four.

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention can also be further realized by the following technical solutions. In the above-mentioned measuring device for quickly measuring the coefficient of restitution of an object collision: the suction nozzle is an alloy suction nozzle, and a rubber ring is fixedly installed on the alloy suction nozzle. , the laser rangefinder is fixedly installed on the side of the suction nozzle.

Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, a method for measuring using the measuring device for rapidly measuring the coefficient of restitution of an object collision described in any of the above technical solutions, which is characterized in that the steps are: as follows,

(1) Fix the suction nozzle and the laser rangefinder on the lower end of the height adjustment rod, and install the height adjustment rod on the sliding rod vertically, and then move the sliding rod so that the suction nozzle is directly above the impact part; Install it on the collision board, and use the signal line to connect the laser rangefinder, acoustic emission sensor, DS2-type full-information acoustic emission meter with the microcomputer, turn on the negative pressure vacuum pump to adsorb the object to be measured with the suction nozzle, and use the laser The rangefinder measures the initial release height of the object;

(2) Use the computer to control the DS2 full-information acoustic emission meter after parameter calibration in real time, turn off the negative pressure vacuum pump, release the object to be measured, and collect the acoustic emission information generated by the collision of the object to be measured in the collision experiment;

(3) According to the collected signals, remove the experimental data of the offset during the collision process;

(4) According to the data of the release height and bounce height of the object to be tested collected in several experiments, use the following formula to determine the collision recovery coefficient e of the object to be tested:

In the formula: v0 is the initial velocity, v1 is the bounce velocity after collision;

h ₀ is the initial height, h ₁ is the height of the bounce after collision, and g is the acceleration of gravity.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The measuring device provided by the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to build; the laser range finder can accurately measure the release height, and the alloy suction nozzle can release the ball to be measured to avoid the error of the experimental result caused by the rotation of the ball when it falls. .

(2) The slide bar set in the present invention can change the release position of the object to be measured, and the adjustment rod can change the release height of the object to be measured, which is convenient for multiple measurements and improves the accuracy of the experimental results.

(3) The rubber ring installed on the alloy suction nozzle of the present invention can more stably absorb the object to be measured.

(4) The measurement method provided by the present invention has the advantages of short time consumption and high precision; fixing the acoustic emission sensor around the impact part can screen and remove the experimental data that is offset during the collision process, so as to avoid affecting the calculation accuracy.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of measuring device in the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the side view of measuring device in the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the partial structure diagram of the measuring device in the present invention;

4 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of part A in the measuring device of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an aluminum profile slide bar.

Detailed ways

The specific technical solutions of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so as to facilitate those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but not to limit the rights thereof.

Embodiment 1, referring to FIGS. 1-5 , a measuring device for quickly measuring the coefficient of restitution of an object collision: including an adsorption mechanism, a collision mechanism and an information collection mechanism;

The adsorption mechanism includes a vacuum negative pressure pump 10, and the vacuum negative pressure pump 10 is connected with a suction nozzle 12 through a gas pipe 11;

The collision mechanism includes a support frame 20 and a sliding rod 22 , a collision plate 21 is fixedly installed in the center of the bottom of the supporting frame 20 , a collision portion 24 is arranged in the center of the collision plate 21 , and the sliding rod 22 is laterally installed on the support frame 20 . , and is located just above the impact part 24, the suction nozzle 12 is installed in the middle of the sliding rod 22;

The information collection mechanism includes four acoustic emission sensors 32, a DS2-type full-information acoustic emission measuring instrument 33, a laser range finder 13 and a microcomputer 34, and the acoustic emission The collision plate 21 is evenly distributed around the collision part 24, and is connected with the DS2 type full-information acoustic emission measuring instrument 33 through the signal line 31. The laser range finder 13 is fixedly installed in the middle of the slide bar 22. Both the 13 and DS2 type full-information acoustic emission measuring instruments 33 are connected to the microcomputer 34 through the signal line 31 .

When in use, the object to be measured is adsorbed by the suction nozzle 12, and the release height of the object to be measured is measured with the laser rangefinder 13; when the object falls and hits the impact part 24 of the collision plate 21, the microcomputer 34 can collect small data about the ball.

Embodiment 2. In the measuring device for rapidly measuring the coefficient of restitution of an object in Embodiment 1, the supporting frame 20 is a cube frame, and the sliding rod 22 is installed on the upper part of the supporting frame 20 through the sliding wheels 40 at both ends thereof. , a height adjustment rod 23 is also vertically installed on the sliding rod 22, and the suction nozzle 12 and the laser range finder 13 are both installed on the height adjustment rod 23;

The adjusting rod 23 is installed on the sliding rod 22 through the fastening fixture 25, and the acoustic emission sensors 32 are 4 and are arranged around the impact portion 24 at equal distances with the center of the impact portion 24 as the center of the circle;

The suction nozzle 12 is an alloy suction nozzle, a rubber ring is fixedly installed on the alloy suction nozzle 12, and the laser range finder 13 is fixedly installed on one side of the suction nozzle 12;

The setting of the slide bar 22 can adjust the position of the release object, so that the release position is located just above the impact part 24, and the adjustment bar 23 can adjust the release height of the object to be measured, so that it can be released at different heights, and more experimental data can be obtained; The rubber ring installed on the suction nozzle 23 can make the suction nozzle more firmly absorb the object to be measured, and at the same time avoid deflection of the object to be measured when it is released.

Embodiment 3, a measurement method using the measuring device for rapidly measuring the coefficient of restitution of an object collision described in any of the above embodiments: the steps are as follows:

(1) Fix the suction nozzle 12 and the laser range finder 13 on the lower end of the height adjustment rod 23, install the height adjustment rod 23 on the sliding rod 22 vertically, and then move the sliding rod 22 so that the suction nozzle 12 is located at the impact part 24 Just above; the acoustic emission sensor 32 is circumferentially installed on the collision plate 21, and the signal line 31 is used to connect the laser range finder 13, the acoustic emission sensor 32, the DS2 type full-information acoustic emission instrument 33 and the microcomputer 34 well, Turn on the negative pressure vacuum pump 10 to adsorb the object to be measured with the suction nozzle 12, and use the laser rangefinder 13 to measure the initial release height of the object;

(2) Use the computer 34 to carry out real-time control of the DS2 full-information acoustic emission meter after parameter calibration, turn off the negative pressure vacuum pump 10, release the object to be measured, and collect the acoustic emission information generated by the collision of the object to be measured in the collision experiment;

(3) According to the collected signals, remove the experimental data of the offset during the collision process;

(4) According to the release height data of the object to be tested collected in several experiments, use the following formula to determine the collision recovery coefficient e of the object to be tested:

In the formula: v0 is the initial velocity, v1 is the bounce velocity after collision;

h ₀ is the initial height, h ₁ is the height of the bounce after collision, and g is the acceleration of gravity.

Claims (6)

1. a measuring device for quickly measuring the coefficient of restitution of an object collision, is characterized in that: comprising adsorption mechanism, collision mechanism and information collection mechanism; The adsorption mechanism includes a vacuum negative pressure pump, and the vacuum negative pressure pump is connected with a suction nozzle through a trachea; The collision mechanism includes a support frame and a sliding rod, a collision plate is fixedly installed in the center of the bottom of the supporting frame, a collision part is arranged in the center of the collision plate, and the sliding rod is laterally installed on the bracket and is located directly above the collision part, The suction nozzle is installed in the middle of the sliding rod; The information collection mechanism includes a number of acoustic emission sensors, DS2 type full-information acoustic emission measuring instrument, a laser rangefinder and a microcomputer. It is connected to the DS2 full-information acoustic emission measuring instrument through a signal line, and the laser range finder is fixedly installed in the middle of the slide bar. 2. The measuring device for rapidly measuring the coefficient of restitution of an object collision according to claim 1, wherein the supporting frame is a cube frame, and the sliding rod is mounted on the upper part of the supporting frame through the sliding wheels at both ends, and the sliding rod is mounted on the upper part of the supporting frame. A height adjustment rod is also installed vertically, and the suction nozzle and the laser range finder are both installed on the height adjustment rod. 3 . The measuring device for rapidly measuring the coefficient of restitution of an object according to claim 2 , wherein the adjusting rod is mounted on the sliding rod through a tightening fixture. 4 . 4 . The measuring device for rapidly measuring the coefficient of restitution of an object collision according to claim 1 , wherein the number of said acoustic emission sensors is 4. 5 . 5. The measuring device for rapidly measuring the coefficient of restitution of an object collision according to claim 1, wherein the suction nozzle is an alloy suction nozzle, a rubber ring is fixedly installed on the alloy suction nozzle, and a laser range finder is fixedly installed on the side of the nozzle. 6. a measuring method for measuring the coefficient of restitution of an object collision quickly, it is characterized in that: adopt the measuring device that measures the coefficient of restitution of an object collision quickly as described in any one of claims 1-5, comprises the following steps, (1) Fix the suction nozzle and the laser rangefinder on the lower end of the height adjustment rod, and install the height adjustment rod on the sliding rod vertically, and then move the sliding rod so that the suction nozzle is directly above the impact part; Install it on the collision board, and use the signal line to connect the laser rangefinder, acoustic emission sensor, DS2-type full-information acoustic emission meter with the microcomputer, turn on the negative pressure vacuum pump to adsorb the object to be measured with the suction nozzle, and use the laser The rangefinder measures the initial release height of the object; (2) Use the computer to control the DS2 full-information acoustic emission meter after parameter calibration in real time, turn off the negative pressure vacuum pump, release the ball to be tested, and collect the acoustic emission information generated by the collision of the object to be tested in the collision experiment; (3) According to the collected signals, remove the experimental data of the offset during the collision process; (4) According to the data of the release height and bounce height of the object to be tested collected in several experiments, use the following formula to determine the collision recovery coefficient e of the object to be tested:

In the formula: v0 is the initial velocity, v1 is the bounce velocity after collision; h ₀ is the initial height, h ₁ is the height of the bounce after collision, and g is the acceleration of gravity.

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