CN112119953A - An intelligently controlled device for promoting the induction and growth of marine sessile organisms - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligently controlled device for promoting the induction and growth of marine sessile organisms, including an induction and nutrient storage bin, a floating device, a fixed device, an automatic control circuit and a sensing system. The nutrient storage bin is arranged under the fixed device and can move along the fixed device; the automatic control circuit sets the control parameters according to the actual marine environment and the needs of sessile organisms for various ions, and automatically controls induction and nutrient storage. The opening and closing of the warehouse door of the warehouse; the sensing system is arranged at the bottom of the induction and nutrient storage warehouse or the bottom of the sea, and is used to monitor the pH value, temperature, dissolved oxygen, salinity and calcium ions in this area. The present invention solves the technology of improving the ecology of the local sea area, increasing the adhesion of oysters, and reconstructing the environment of the complete ecological system.

Description

An intelligently controlled device for promoting the induction and growth of marine sessile organisms

technical field

The invention relates to a technology for inducing the attachment of marine sessile organisms and restoring the ecological environment, in particular to an intelligently controlled device for promoting the induction and growth of marine sessile organisms.

Background technique

Due to the rapid economic development in my country's coastal areas in recent decades, the development mode is extensive and does not pay attention to environmental protection; at the same time, a large number of domestic sewage and industrial wastewater are directly discharged into the sea, causing large-scale damage to the coastal ecology, which has formed the further development of my country's coastal economy. Constraints. At the same time, the large-scale construction of marine concrete projects and breakwaters further damages the already fragile marine ecosystem. If the necessary measures to protect the ecological environment are not taken immediately, the future losses will be huge. At the same time, with the further development of the economy, people prefer a good ecological environment. At the same time, since the beginning of the 21st century, global industrialization has developed rapidly, fossil fuel consumption has been huge, and tropical rain forests and other vegetation have been cut down, resulting in a sharp rise in global carbon dioxide emissions, intensified greenhouse effect, and climate warming, causing a large amount of carbon dioxide to dissolve in seven-tenths of the earth. surface water, thereby accelerating the process of ocean acidification. Therefore, it is very urgent to improve and restore the current coastal ecological environment.

At present, researches on oyster attachment have been carried out at home and abroad from different ions, cement types, calcium substances, substrate color and substrate roughness. The brief introduction is as follows:

Ions: K ⁺ , NH ₄ ⁺ , Ca ²⁺ and Cu ²⁺ have been deeply studied at present, among which K ⁺ , NH ₄ ⁺ and Ca ²⁺ can promote the attachment or metamorphosis of oysters, while Cu ²⁺ has no obvious effect And when the concentration is high, the larvae will be killed. However, it is generally not suitable for practical marine concrete projects due to the difficulty or high cost of implementation. Types of cement: Concrete is widely used as the substrate material for marine sessile organisms to adhere to. Although newly-made concrete components and abandoned concrete are used as the restoration substrate for some oyster reef restoration projects, the effect is not satisfactory. This is because Portland cement concrete is widely used in marine concrete engineering, but its high alkalinity will greatly inhibit the growth of sessile organisms on the concrete surface. The use of cement with lower alkalinity to prepare concrete has a greater effect on increasing the alkali-sensitive biomass (mainly marine plants), but has less effect on increasing the attachment amount and attachment density of oysters. Calcium Substances: The most commonly used calcium-containing substrates to effectively induce oyster larvae attachment are limestone and concrete. Through experiments, it was concluded that under the same conditions, the induction ability of bovine bone meal to oyster larvae was stronger than that of calcium carbonate, and the induction ability of calcium carbonate and calcium sulfate was almost equal. Color: In the case of low sea temperature, the dark substrate can promote the growth of oysters. Relevant studies in China have shown that oyster larvae are color selective to a certain extent. Roughness: Roughness results in inconsistent results from studies on marine sessile larval attachment. Under the premise of keeping other conditions unchanged, oyster and barnacle larvae tend to attach to rough surfaces compared to smooth surfaces. In some other studies, however, roughness did not significantly alter larval attachment.

In order to restore the coastal ecological environment, CN111264427A discloses a construction method of marine engineering, although it can make oyster larvae fast and densely attach to the concrete surface, and then achieve the basic goal of improving the durability of marine concrete engineering. Utilize the characteristics of oysters as "marine ecological engineers" to improve the ability to fix carbon elements, reduce water pollution and sediment pollution, and improve the marine ecological environment. However, the prerequisite for the smooth implementation of the invention is that the physical and chemical environment of the marine concrete engineering construction sea area is suitable for the growth and development of oysters. That is, CN111264427A cannot overcome the problems of low pH value, insufficient Ca ²⁺ plasma content and poor living environment of oysters caused by ocean acidification in some sea areas, and has obvious limitations in the application field.

In addition, CN111302727A discloses an ecological restoration method for the underwater area of a breakwater in service. The method is that after cleaning the surface of the marine concrete project that has been in service, the surface is smeared with a cement base for inducing sessile organisms on the surface of the marine project. coating, and then achieve the effect of inducing oysters to attach quickly and densely to the surface of the marine engineering that has been in service. At the same time, by regularly monitoring plankton, nutrients and Ca ²⁺ in the area, it is equipped with an automatically controllable nutrient bucket to enrich the amount of plankton. , and provide calcium support for the growth of oysters. However, there are still nutrients in the nutrient barrels that are easily lost with the flow of seawater when placed in the sea area. At the same time, the ions of the substances in the nutrient barrels are not comprehensive enough, and there is no substance to neutralize and acidify the seawater, especially the release rate is not easy. control. Therefore, the problem of low pH value and poor living environment for oysters caused by ocean acidification in some sea areas cannot be overcome.

CN111302727A may have a small amount of oysters attached to local engineering areas, but the overall ecological environment is acceptable, and there is no further treatment plan. If the method in CN111302727A is used to re-apply paint on concrete projects or rocks in these areas, it will cost a lot of money This will destroy the ecosystem of the local marine environment first, and wait for a large number of oysters to attach, attracting other organisms to attach, and ecological restoration will take a long time. And for the slow degradation of marine ecology in some engineering areas, there are still technical gaps.

In a word, although the above-mentioned researches have been carried out, such as the use of biological calcium, inorganic calcium, dark substances and other ions to be incorporated into concrete and coatings for marine sessile biological induced adhesion, to achieve its adhesion on concrete projects, and to realize the integrity of concrete projects. High durability and ecological restoration purpose. However, for the situation where the ecology of the local sea area is good and it is not necessary to rebuild all of them, the ions in the local sea area can be appropriately changed to increase the attachment amount of oysters and promote the later growth of oysters, and the technology to reconstruct the environment of the complete ecosystem is still insufficient. Especially using intelligent monitoring technology to precisely control the release rate of ions. However, due to the knowledge of related disciplines such as marine organisms, marine microorganisms, marine chemistry, sensors and automatic control, the disciplines vary greatly, and multidisciplinary professional and technical personnel are required to cooperate in order to solve many problems.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the situation that the ecology of the local sea area is better, and it is not necessary to rebuild the ecological environment. By properly changing the ions and nutrients in the local sea area, the attachment amount of oysters can be increased, and the reconstruction can be completed. There is currently no technology that can monitor the relevant parameters in seawater in real time and adjust the pH value and ions of seawater in time. The invention provides an intelligently controlled device for promoting the induction and growth of marine sessile organisms.

The object of the present invention is achieved as follows: the present invention is achieved by using an induction and nutrient storage bin, wherein the ions and organic substances leached from the substances induce oyster larvae attachment, metamorphosis, and provide essential substances for the growth of oysters in the later stage; at the same time, through the flotation device . The fixed device ensures that the induction and nutrient storage bins are in suitable positions, and the relevant parameters of the seawater are monitored through the sensing system, and the automatic control circuit is used to control the opening and closing of the induction and nutrient storage bin doors, improving the marine environment. Ecological environment and ecological restoration.

The invention includes an induction and nutrient storage bin, a floating device, a fixed device, an automatic control circuit and a sensing system, the floating device is arranged on the fixed device, and the induction and nutrient storage bin is arranged under the fixed device and can be along the fixed device. moving; the automatic control circuit is to set control parameters according to the actual marine environment and the needs of sessile organisms for various ions, and automatically control the opening and closing of the chamber door of the induction and nutrient storage warehouse; the sensing system is set in the The bottom of the induction and nutrient storage tank, or the bottom of the sea, is used to monitor pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, salinity, calcium ions in the area.

The storage bin for induction and nutrients can be a comprehensive storage bin for storing multiple materials, or a storage bin for storing each material separately, and a switch device is provided. The induction and nutrients are placed in a 100-800-mesh mesh screen.

Preferably, when it is a storage bin, the induction and nutrient storage bin includes biological calcium powder, calcium carbonate powder, trace elements and light materials, and biological calcium powder, calcium carbonate powder, trace elements and light materials. The weight ratio is 1:0.5~1.5:0.05~0.2:0.3~1.0; when there are multiple storage bins, biological calcium powder, calcium carbonate powder, and trace elements are placed in different bins, respectively. The ratio of powder, trace element and light material is: 1:0.2～1.5. And use an appropriate amount of cementitious material or resin for bonding to ensure that it will not collapse when encountering seawater, and has large pore channels to ensure that various ions, organics and other seepage rates are fast.

Preferably, the induction and nutrients, the biological calcium powder is egg shell powder, coral powder, oyster shell powder, fish bone meal between 20 meshes and 1000 meshes, which are directly used or treated with the following acids, including acetic acid, acetic acid , one or both of silicic acid and sulfurous acid; calcium carbonate powder is limestone, marble, aragonite, travertine powder with a fineness greater than 20 meshes, and light calcium carbonate, activated calcium carbonate, calcium carbonate whiskers and ultra One or more of fine light calcium carbonate; trace elements are zinc, iron, potassium and phosphorus, which are natural minerals, industrial products, including zinc sulfate, calcium phosphate, zinc phosphate, potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, iron sulfate , one or more of ammonium nitrate, potassium phosphate, ammonium phosphate and iron phosphate, and modify them to achieve sustained release of corresponding ions.

Preferably, the floating device is a plastic or stainless steel floating ball or floating body, which can bear the load of the induction and nutrient chamber below, and can be fixed to a desired position.

Preferably, the fixing device is divided into two types, one is the connection part between the floating ball or the floating body and the induction and the nutrient chamber, which can be made of high-toughness nylon, fiber-reinforced resin material, brown rope, and stainless steel. The other is: the horizontal fixing device is connected to the floating ball or the floating body, which provides a track for the crane (mobile device), which is assembled by corrosion-resistant rods and bolts, which can be stainless steel, high-strength, high-toughness. One or more combinations of nylon.

Preferably, the automatic control circuit sets control parameters according to the actual marine environment and the demands of sessile organisms for various ions, and automatically controls the opening and closing of the chamber door.

Preferably, the sensing system is used to monitor pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, salinity, and calcium ions in the region.

The invention senses the ion content, pH value, dissolved oxygen and temperature in the seawater in the area through the sensing system, and sets the control parameters considering the requirements of oysters for the most suitable environment in different periods; the control unit (automatic control circuit) is used to induce substances. The switch of the chamber adjusts various physical and chemical indicators of seawater, and finally achieves the best living conditions for oysters at this location, and promotes the early attachment and later growth of marine sessile organisms.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the intelligent control of the marine sessile organism induction and nutrient supply device in the present invention, by placing different induction and nutrient substances in its chamber, provides early attachment for marine sessile organisms. Provide calcium ions, HCO _3- and organic substances, etc., and at the same time provide Ca ²⁺ , P elements and HCO _3- , etc. for the later growth; by controlling the opening and closing of the chamber door, the precise release of the soaking solution of nutrients is controlled, and combined with Multiple sensors monitor the results, open and close the chamber door in real time, and achieve optimal control of different stages of sessile growth. Promote the improvement of the micro-environment in the sea area where the equipment is placed, attract more oyster larvae to attach and grow, and then gather other marine organisms to build a new ecological sea area; problems, and simultaneously repair the ecological environment of local sea areas. It is especially suitable for some marine environments with less ecological environment pollution and ecological degradation, thereby reducing the ecological degradation rate until the ecological environment is improved.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the apparatus of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the apparatus of embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The following examples are intended to illustrate, but not limit to, these three embodiments of intelligently controlled devices for promoting the induction and growth of marine sessile organisms.

Example 1:

(1) Investigation of sea area conditions: Investigate the oyster attachment conditions in the sea area, find the areas with poor oyster attachment conditions, and check the seasonal changes in climate and nutrient concentrations in the sea area;

(2) Install the floating body: transport 4 pieces of cuboid plastic floating body 1 with a size of 1000 × 1000 × 300 mm to the area where the oysters are found in step (1) with poor adhesion, and place them on the sea as shown in Figure 1. Secure with anchor 8.

(3) Installation of track and control system: The prefabricated stainless steel track 2 is fixed on the four floating bodies 1 in a "sun" shape as shown in the figure, and the five storage bins 5 containing nutrients are suspended on the middle track 2. On the crane 3, it can swim back and forth.

(4) Installation of sensors: As shown in the figure, ion sensor 6 and pH sensor 7 are arranged at appropriate distances on the seabed, and the sensors are connected to the controller through cable 4 to better adjust the nutrient concentration in each area.

Example 2:

(1) Investigation of sea area conditions: Investigate the oyster attachment conditions in the sea area, find the areas with poor oyster attachment conditions, and check the seasonal changes in climate and nutrient concentrations in the sea area;

(2) Install the floating body: transport 4 pieces of cuboid plastic floating body 1 with a size of 1000 × 1000 × 300 mm to the area with poor oyster attachment found in step (1), and place them on the sea as shown in the figure. Anchor 8 is fixed.

(3) Install the track: fix the prefabricated stainless steel track 2 on the four floating bodies 1 in a "sun" shape as shown in Figure 2;

(4) Installation of sensors: As shown in the figure, ion sensors 6 and pH sensors 7 are arranged on the bottom surfaces of the five storage bins 5 .

(5) Installation of storage bins: hang the five storage bins 5 containing nutrients on the crane 3 of the middle rail 2 so that they can swim back and forth, and connect the sensor to the controller for better adjustment Nutrient concentrations in various regions.

Example 3:

(1) Investigation of sea area conditions: Investigate the oyster attachment conditions in the sea area, find the areas with poor oyster attachment conditions, and check the seasonal changes in climate and nutrient concentrations in the sea area;

(2) Install the floating body: transport 6 pieces of cuboid plastic floating body 1 with a size of 1000 × 1000 × 300 mm to the area with poor oyster attachment found in step (1), and place them on the sea as shown in Figure 3. Secure with anchor 8.

(3) Installation of storage bins and sensors: as shown in the figure, a storage bin 5 in which a variety of inducing substances are mixed is suspended on the bottom surface of each floating body 1, and multiple sensors 9 (including ion sensors and temperature sensors) are arranged on the bottom surface of the storage bin 5. and pH sensor 7, and connect the sensor to its controller to better adjust the nutrient concentration in each area.

Compared with document 1 (a marine ecological engineering construction method 2019CN111264427A), it adopts the method of incorporating biological calcium, inorganic calcium, dark substances and other ions into concrete and coatings to induce attachment of marine sessile organisms, so as to realize its application in concrete. It is attached to the project to achieve the purpose of high durability and ecological restoration of the concrete project.

In the present invention, modified bovine bone powder, biological calcium carbonate powder, inorganic calcium carbonate powder and trace elements are incorporated into the porous material to ensure that it can provide necessary ions and organic substances for oyster attachment and later growth, and is ecologically friendly. By adding the switch of the intelligently controlled storage compartment, the release rate of ions can be controlled, and the ions that induce oyster attachment can be released continuously and provide Ca ²⁺ , HCO _3- , P element, Zn for the later growth of oysters ²⁺ , etc., the released ions are precisely controlled, providing habitats for other marine organisms and improving the ecological environment of the sea.

The effect of the method in Document 1 is mainly used for inducing attachment and growth promotion of marine sessile organisms just after the construction is completed, while the present invention can be used not only for inducing the attachment of oyster larvae and promoting their later growth in the early stage of service of marine concrete projects, but also for In the case where the local oysters are not densely attached to the marine concrete project, the intelligent control of the device can ensure that the Ca ²⁺ , HCO _3- , P element and Zn ²⁺ in this part of the sea area are maintained at a level suitable for the attachment and later growth of oyster larvae.

Compared with document 2 (an ecological restoration method for the underwater area of a breakwater in service 2019CN111302727A), document 2 not only needs to clean the surface of the marine concrete project that has been in service, but also needs to apply the paint that induces oysters to adhere to the cleaned surface. At the same time, it is necessary to place special oyster attachment bases at reasonable distances. At the same time, by regularly monitoring plankton, nutrients and Ca ²⁺ in the area, it is equipped with an automatically controllable nutrient bucket to enrich the amount of plankton and provide calcium ion support for the growth of oysters. However, the nutrients in the nutrient barrels are easily lost with the flow of seawater when they are directly put into the sea area. At the same time, the ions of the substances in the nutrient barrels are not comprehensive enough, and there is no substance to neutralize and acidify the seawater, especially the release rate is not easy. control. Therefore, the problem of low pH value and poor living environment for oysters caused by ocean acidification in some sea areas cannot be overcome. The difference of the present invention is that the slow-release induction and nutrients are always placed in the storage bin, the induction and nutrients are not easily lost and the soluble substances released at the same time are easier to control; the calcium carbonate contained in the induction and nutrients and biological calcium powder, and gelling materials can improve the problem of seawater acidification; at the same time, the storage bin in the present invention is flexible and easy to replace, and the nutrient salt concentration on the surface of the storage bin is high, which can prevent the attachment of fixed organisms such as oysters and ensure that they are in Applicability in the marine environment; according to different oyster attachment abundances, the present invention designs reasonable slow-release induction materials to suspend in the sea area to be improved, attracting oysters to attach in the sea area, and then targeting local pollution and ecological degradation. restoration of the marine ecological environment.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, and substitutions can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the invention and modifications, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (7)

1. An intelligent control device for promoting marine periphyton induction and growth, which is characterized in that: the device comprises an inducing and nutrient substance storage bin, a floating device, a fixing device, an automatic control circuit and a sensing system, wherein the floating device is arranged on the fixing device, and the inducing and nutrient substance storage bin is arranged below the fixing device and can move along the fixing device; the automatic control circuit sets control parameters according to the requirements of the actual marine environment and sessile organisms on various ions, and automatically controls the opening and closing of a chamber door of the inducing and nutrient substance storage chamber; the sensing system is arranged at the bottom of the inducing and nutrient substance storage bin or the bottom of the sea and is used for monitoring the pH value, the temperature, the dissolved oxygen, the salinity and the calcium ions of the area.

2. The intelligently controlled marine periphyton induction and growth promoting device of claim 1, wherein: the inducing and nutrient substance storage bin can be a comprehensive storage bin for storing various materials, or a storage bin for storing each material independently, and is provided with a corresponding switch device; the inducing and nutrient substances in each bin are placed in a mesh screen of 100-800 meshes.

3. The intelligently controlled marine periphyton induction and growth promoting device of claim 2, wherein: when the storage bin is used, the inducing and nutrient substance storage bin comprises biological calcium powder, calcium carbonate powder, trace elements and light materials, and the weight ratio of the biological calcium powder, the calcium carbonate powder, the trace elements and the light materials is 1: 0.5-1.5: 0.05-0.2: 0.3-1.0; when the storage bin is a plurality of storage bins, the biological calcium powder, the calcium carbonate powder and the trace elements are respectively placed in different bins, and the proportion of the biological calcium powder, the calcium carbonate powder, the trace elements and the light material is as follows: 1: 0.2-1.5, and bonding with a proper amount of cementing materials or resins.

4. The intelligently controlled marine periphyton induction and growth promoting device of claim 3, wherein: the biological calcium powder is 20-1000 mesh egg shell powder, coral powder, oyster shell powder, and fishbone powder, and can be used directly or treated with acid including one or two of acetic acid, silicic acid, and sulfurous acid; the calcium carbonate powder is limestone powder, marble powder, aragonite powder, travertine powder and one or more of light calcium carbonate, active calcium carbonate, calcium carbonate crystal whisker and superfine light calcium carbonate, the fineness of which is more than 20 meshes; the microelements are zinc, iron, potassium and phosphorus, are natural minerals and industrial products, comprise one or more of zinc sulfate, calcium phosphate, zinc phosphate, potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, ferric sulfate, ammonium nitrate, potassium phosphate, ammonium phosphate and ferric phosphate, and are modified to realize the slow release of corresponding ions.

5. A smart controlled marine periphyton induction and growth promoting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the floating device is a plastic or stainless steel floating ball or body, can bear the load of the lower induction and nutrient chamber, and can be fixed to a desired position.

6. A smart controlled marine periphyton induction and growth promoting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the fixing device is divided into two types, one type is a connecting part of the floating device and the induction and nutrient bin, and can be a connecting piece made of high-toughness nylon, fiber reinforced resin materials, palm ropes and stainless steel; and the other is that the horizontal fixing device is connected with the floating device, provides a track for the crane, is assembled by corrosion-resistant rods and bolts, and can be one or a combination of stainless steel and high-strength and high-toughness nylon.

7. The intelligently controlled marine periphyton induction and growth promoting device of claim 5, wherein: the fixing device is divided into two types, one type is a connecting part of the floating device and the induction and nutrient bin, and can be a connecting piece made of high-toughness nylon, fiber reinforced resin materials, palm ropes and stainless steel; and the other is that the horizontal fixing device is connected with the floating device, provides a track for the crane, is assembled by corrosion-resistant rods and bolts, and can be one or a combination of stainless steel and high-strength and high-toughness nylon.

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