CN112066729B - Waste heat recovery system for prebaked anode production and use method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a waste heat recovery system for prebaked anode production and a use method thereof, relates to the technical field of waste heat recovery equipment, and aims to solve the problem of how to improve the recovery effect on the premise of waste heat recovery and environmental protection in the prior art. The lower part of one side of the pot-type calcining furnace is provided with a smoke dust separator, the upper part of one side of the smoke dust separator is provided with a smoke heat exchange pipeline, the upper end of the smoke heat exchange pipeline is fixedly welded with a steam boiler, a heat exchange sheet is arranged inside the smoke heat exchange pipeline, the upper end of the heat exchange sheet extends into the steam boiler, a superheat box is arranged on one side of the upper end of the steam boiler, a steam turbine is arranged on one side of the superheat box, the superheat box and the steam turbine are fixed in a sealing mode through pipelines, a generator is arranged at the output end of the steam turbine, a water storage tank is arranged below the generator, a deaerator is arranged on one side of the water storage tank, and a purification tower is arranged on the other side of the water storage tank.

Description

A waste heat recovery system for prebaked anode production and method of using the same

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of waste heat recovery equipment, in particular to a waste heat recovery system for prebaked anode production and a method for using the same.

Background technique

The production of prebaked anode is based on the low ash carbon material petroleum coke and coal tar pitch as raw materials to produce prebaked anode used in aluminum electrolysis cells. The petroleum coke of different origins is grabbed by the grab crane according to the specified raw material ratio, mixed and batched in the batching warehouse, and then crushed by the crusher and then entered into the tank calciner for high temperature calcination. The calcined coke is crushed and After screening, three kinds of qualified particles are obtained, which are stored in each silo. Part of the calcined coke enters the Raymond mill for grinding, and the ground fine powder is stored in the powder silo. The roasted waste products are coarsely crushed, mediumly crushed and screened, and the materials that pass the screening are stored in the cooked crushing bin. The unqualified waste green body of vibration molding is stored in the raw crushing bin after being roughly crushed and mediumly crushed. The above-mentioned various qualified materials are batched according to the technical formula of the product, and the dry material composition that meets the requirements is obtained. After entering the plant, coal tar pitch is added into the pitch melting tank for melting, and the melted liquid pitch is sent to the high-level tank for metering and storage. The prepared dry ingredients are added to the dry mixing pot for mixing and heating, and then added to the wet mixing pot together with the specified proportion of liquid asphalt for kneading to make a qualified paste. The kneaded paste is used to form an anode green body by a vibration molding machine.

With the continuous development of modern technology, people use various devices to gradually recover the heat generated in various high-temperature calcination processes, and the collected heat can be processed again to participate in the production process to reduce energy consumption and reduce energy costs. Improve the efficiency of resource utilization.

However, there are some problems in the process of recovering the waste heat of the pre-baked anode calciner: 1. The recovery method of waste heat is relatively simple, and most of them use high-temperature flue gas to heat water to realize the collection of hot water; 2. . The high temperature flue gas produced by the pre-baked anode calcination process is accompanied by a large amount of dust and calcined waste gas. On the one hand, it is easy to cause pollution; Therefore, we propose a waste heat recovery system for prebaked anode production and its use method.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a waste heat recovery system for prebaked anode production and a method of using the same, so as to solve the problem of how to improve the recovery effect under the premise of environmental protection of waste heat recovery proposed in the above-mentioned background art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a waste heat recovery system for the production of pre-baked anodes and a method for using the same, including a tank calciner, and a soot separator is arranged below one side of the tank calciner, so A flue gas heat exchange pipe is arranged above one side of the flue gas separator, the upper end of the flue gas heat exchange pipe is welded and fixed with a steam boiler, a heat exchange fin is installed inside the flue gas heat exchange pipe, and the heat exchange fin The upper end of the steam boiler extends to the interior of the steam boiler, a superheating box is installed on one side of the upper end of the steam boiler, a steam turbine is installed on one side of the superheating box, and the superheating box and the steam turbine are sealed and fixed through pipes, and the output end of the steam turbine is installed There is a generator, a water storage tank is arranged below the generator, a deaerator is installed on one side of the water storage tank, and the deaerator and the water storage tank are sealed and fixed through pipes, and the other side of the water storage tank is provided with a deaerator. Purification tower.

Preferably, a calciner gas outlet pipe is sealed and fixed between the tank calciner and the soot separator, and an air pump is fixedly installed at one end of the calciner gas outlet pipe, and one end of the calciner gas outlet pipe is along the tangent of the upper end of the soot separator. The direction extends to the inside of the soot separator, a dust collecting hopper is arranged below the soot separator, and the dust collecting hopper is communicated with the soot separator.

Preferably, a flue gas inlet pipe is sealed and fixed between the flue gas heat exchange pipe and the soot separator, the heat exchange fins are distributed in the interior of the flue gas heat exchange pipe in an S-shaped structure, and the heat exchange fins are connected to the flue gas heat exchange pipe. The gas heat exchange pipe and the steam boiler are sealed and fixed, the other end of the steam boiler is welded and fixed with a hot water outlet pipe, and a valve is installed at the middle position of the hot water outlet pipe.

Preferably, the lower end of the superheater is sealed and fixed to the steam boiler through pipes, a superheater is arranged inside the superheater, and the superheater and the superheater are welded and fixed, and a steam pipe network is arranged above the superheater, and The steam pipe network and the superheating box are fixed by the card slot.

Preferably, a condenser is provided between the steam turbine and the water storage tank, a steam exhaust pipe is sealed and fixed between the upper end of the condenser and the steam turbine, the lower end of the condenser and the water storage tank are sealed and fixed through the pipe, and the A water inlet pipe is sealed and fixed between the oxygenator and the steam boiler.

Preferably, a flue gas outlet pipe is sealed and fixed between the purification tower and the flue gas heat exchange pipe, and one end of the flue gas outlet pipe extends to the interior of the purification tower, and a purification liquid is arranged below the interior of the purification tower, so The top of the purification tower is fixedly provided with a water collecting tray, the lower end of the water collecting tray is installed with atomizing nozzles, several atomizing nozzles are installed, and the atomizing nozzles are distributed in sequence, and there are arranged between the atomizing nozzles. A through hole, and the through hole is located inside the water collecting tray, a circulating pump is installed on one side of the upper end of the purification tower, one end of the circulating pump extends to the interior of the purification tower, and the output end of the circulating pump is connected to the water collecting tray A circulating pipe is sealed and fixed therebetween, and an exhaust pipe is arranged on the upper end of the purification tower.

Preferably, an isolation net is installed at the middle position of the bottom of the purification tower, two isolation nets are installed, and the isolation net and the purification tower are fixed by screws.

Preferably, a purification layer is provided at the inner upper end of the purification tower, and the purification layer is composed of activated carbon particles and quartz sand, and the activated carbon particles and quartz sand are respectively fixed to the purification tower by clamping grooves.

A method of using a waste heat recovery system for the production of prebaked anodes includes the following steps:

Step 1. A large amount of high-temperature flue gas is generated during the calcination of the pre-baked anode. When the dust-laden flue gas enters the flue dust separator along the tangential direction of the soot separator from the gas outlet pipe of the calciner at a high speed through the air pump, the airflow will change from linear motion to circular motion. , the flue gas generates centrifugal force during the rotation process. Under the density difference, the dust particles with a density greater than that of the flue gas are thrown to the wall of the device, and the inertial force is lost, and the momentum of the inlet velocity and the downward gravity fall along the wall surface, thereby entering the collector. Dust hopper, most of the large particles of smoke and dust in the upward swirling flow are separated, so that when the high-temperature flue gas enters the flue gas heat exchange pipe, there are less large particles of impurities inside, avoiding the blockage inside the flue gas heat exchange pipe;

Step 2: When the high-temperature gas separated by the smoke and dust enters the flue gas heat exchange pipe, since the heat exchange fins are densely distributed inside the flue gas heat exchange pipe, the heat in the high-temperature flue gas can be absorbed, and then the heat can be transferred under the action of heat conduction. Transfer to the upper end, the upper end of the heat exchange fins is located inside the steam boiler, and the inside of the steam boiler is equipped with water body, which is rapidly heated to boiling under the action of the heat exchange fins to form saturated steam, which then enters the superheating box, and the superheater can make saturated steam. The steam is heated into superheated steam with a certain temperature, which improves the working ability of the steam in the steam turbine. After the steam turbine expands, the exhausted steam is transported to the condenser through the exhausted steam pipe to condense into water, and then merged into the water storage tank for storage. Then, under the action of the water pump, the condensed water inside the water storage tank is transported to the deaerator for deoxygenation, and then transported to the inside of the steam boiler by the water pump to form a cycle of the entire system;

Step 3. When hot water needs to be used, the other side of the steam boiler is provided with a hot water outlet pipe, and the water body inside the steam boiler can be directly used by opening the valve by connecting to the water pipe;

Step 4. By turning on the air pump, the heat-exchanged flue gas is transported to the purification liquid in the purification tower. In the process of contacting the flue gas, the particulate matter in the flue gas can be adsorbed on the one hand, and the particles in the flue gas can be adsorbed on the other hand. The harmful substances in the gas are purified. Under the density difference, the gas that is in contact with the purified liquid moves upwards. By turning on the circulating pump, the purified liquid inside the purification tower is extracted and pressurized, and then sent to the water collecting tray through the circulating pipe. , the purification liquid is sprayed downward in an atomized state through the atomizing nozzle. When the atomized purification liquid is in contact with the tiny dust, it can increase the overall weight and form a drop. The purified gas passes between the water collecting trays. The through-holes enter into the purification layer, which can further adsorb harmful substances in the gas;

Step 5. Finally, discharge through the exhaust pipe.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. In the present invention, a heat exchange fin is fixedly arranged inside the flue gas heat exchange pipe, and the heat exchange fin has an S-shaped structure, and its upper end extends to the interior of the steam boiler. When the high temperature gas separated by the smoke and dust enters the flue gas heat exchange pipe , Since the heat exchange fins are densely distributed inside the flue gas heat exchange pipe, the moving speed of the high temperature flue gas can be slowed down, thereby increasing the contact time with the heat exchange fins, and the heat exchange fins are made of steel and have excellent heat absorption. During the contact process, the heat in the high-temperature flue gas can be absorbed, and then the heat is transferred to the upper end under the action of heat conduction. The upper end of the heat exchange fin is located inside the steam boiler, and the steam boiler is equipped with water. Under the action of the film, the temperature rises rapidly to boiling. In a closed environment, the steam is rapidly increased in pressure to form saturated steam. The saturated steam then enters the superheating box. The superheating box is equipped with a superheater and a steam pipe network. The superheater can convert the saturated steam. It is heated into superheated steam with a certain temperature, which improves the working ability of the steam in the steam turbine, that is, the useful enthalpy of the steam in the steam turbine increases, thereby improving the cycle efficiency of the heat engine. After the steam turbine expands, the exhaust steam is transported through the exhaust steam pipe. After the condenser is condensed into water, it is collected into the water storage tank for storage, and then the condensed water inside the water storage tank is transported to the deaerator for deoxidation under the action of the water pump, and then transported to the inside of the steam boiler by the water pump to form the entire The circulation of the system, in addition, the other side of the steam boiler is provided with a hot water outlet pipe, and the valve can be opened by connecting the water pipe to directly use the water body inside the steam boiler. The water body of the steam does not come into direct contact with the high-temperature flue gas, so it can maintain a clean state during the entire cycle, and improve the service life of the participating components on the premise of ensuring the efficiency of waste heat recovery.

2. In the present invention, a flue gas outlet pipe is arranged on one side of the flue gas heat exchange pipe, and the flue gas outlet pipe is communicated with the purification tower. By opening the air pump, the heat-exchanged flue gas is transported to the purification liquid in the purification tower. The purification liquid is composed of a variety of chemical agents containing desulfurization components. In the process of contacting the flue gas, on the one hand, it can adsorb the particulate matter in the flue gas, and on the other hand, it can purify the harmful substances in the gas. Under the difference, the gas that has been in contact with the purification liquid moves upward, and by turning on the circulating pump, the purification liquid inside the purification tower is extracted and pressurized, and is transported to the water collecting tray through the circulating pipe. A number of evenly distributed atomizing nozzles, the purification liquid is sprayed downward through the atomizing nozzles in an atomized state. weight, and then fall under the action of gravity. In this way, the particle content in the gas can be minimized. The purified gas enters the purification layer through the through holes between the water collecting trays, and the purification layer is made of activated carbon It is composed of particles and quartz sand, which can further adsorb harmful substances in the gas, ensure that the double-treated gas meets the national industrial hygiene emission standards, and finally discharge through the exhaust pipe.

3. The present invention is provided with a soot separator. When the dust-laden flue gas passes through the air pump and enters the soot separator along the tangential direction of the soot separator from the gas outlet of the calciner at a high speed, the airflow will change from linear motion to circular motion. The flue gas flows downward in a spiral shape along the wall of the flue dust separator towards the cone at the lower end of the flue gas separator. The flue gas generates centrifugal force during the rotation process, and throws the dust particles with a density greater than that of the flue gas towards the device wall. Once the dust particles contact the device wall, they lose their inertia. Force and rely on the momentum of the inlet velocity and the downward gravity to fall along the wall surface, thereby entering the dust hopper, the outer cyclone air that rotates and descends, and continuously flows into the central part of the dust separator during the descending process, forming a centripetal radial airflow , Under the density difference, most of the large particles of smoke and dust in the upward swirling flow are separated, so that when the high-temperature flue gas enters the flue gas heat exchange pipe, there are less large particles of impurities inside, avoiding the blockage inside the flue gas heat exchange pipe.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of the soot separator of the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the flue gas heat exchange pipe and the steam boiler of the present invention;

4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the overheating box of the present invention;

5 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the purification tower of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a bottom view of the water collecting pan of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Tank calciner; 2. Soot separator; 3. Flue gas heat exchange pipe; 4. Steam boiler; 5. Superheater; 6. Steam turbine; 7. Generator; 8. Condenser; 9. Water storage tank; 10, deaerator; 11, purification tower; 12, gas outlet pipe of calciner; 13, flue gas inlet pipe; 14, flue gas outlet pipe; 15, heat exchanger; 16, air pump; 17, dust collector ;18, hot water outlet pipe; 19, valve; 20, exhausted steam pipe; 21, exhaust pipe; 22, superheater; 23, steam pipe network; 24, purification liquid; 25, isolation net; 26, water collecting tray ; 27, atomizing nozzle; 28, circulation pipe; 29, circulation pump; 30, purification layer; 31, activated carbon particles; 32, quartz sand; 33, through hole; 34, water inlet pipe.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments.

Please refer to FIGS. 1-6 , an embodiment provided by the present invention: a waste heat recovery system for the production of prebaked anodes and a method of using the same, including a tank calciner 1, and a soot is arranged under one side of the tank calciner 1 Separator 2, a flue gas heat exchange pipe 3 is arranged above one side of the fume and dust separator 2, the upper end of the flue gas heat exchange pipe 3 is welded and fixed with a steam boiler 4, and a heat exchange fin 15 is installed inside the flue gas heat exchange pipe 3 , and the upper end of the heat exchange fin 15 extends to the interior of the steam boiler 4, a superheating box 5 is installed on one side of the upper end of the steam boiler 4, a steam turbine 6 is arranged on one side of the superheating box 5, and the superheating box 5 and the steam turbine 6 are sealed through pipes Fixed, a generator 7 is installed at the output end of the steam turbine 6, a water storage tank 9 is arranged below the generator 7, a deaerator 10 is installed on one side of the water storage tank 9, and the deaerator 10 and the water storage tank 9 are sealed and fixed through the pipeline , the other side of the water storage tank 9 is provided with a purification tower 11 .

Further, a calciner gas outlet pipe 12 is sealed and fixed between the tank calciner 1 and the soot separator 2, and an air pump 16 is fixedly installed at one end of the calciner gas outlet pipe 12, and one end of the calciner gas outlet pipe 12 is along the upper end of the soot separator 2. The tangential direction extends to the inside of the soot separator 2, a dust collecting hopper 17 is arranged below the soot separator 2, and the dust collecting hopper 17 is communicated with the soot separator 2, the airflow will change from linear motion to circular motion, and the rotating flue gas The flue gas flows downward in a spiral shape along the wall of the flue dust separator towards the cone at the lower end of the flue gas separator. The flue gas generates centrifugal force during the rotation process, and throws the dust particles with a density greater than that of the flue gas towards the device wall. Once the dust particles contact the device wall, they lose their inertia. Force and rely on the momentum of the inlet velocity and the downward gravity to fall along the wall surface, thereby entering the dust collecting hopper 17, and the outer cyclone air that rotates and descends continuously flows into the central part of the dust separator 2 during the descending process, forming a centripetal diameter. Under the density difference, most of the large particles of smoke and dust in the upward swirling flow are separated, so that when the high-temperature flue gas enters the flue gas heat exchange pipe 3, there are fewer large particles inside, avoiding the flue gas heat exchange pipe 3. Internal blockage.

Further, a flue gas inlet pipe 13 is sealed and fixed between the flue gas heat exchange pipe 3 and the flue dust separator 2, and the heat exchange fins 15 are distributed in the interior of the flue gas heat exchange pipe 3 in an S-shaped structure. The heat exchange pipe 3 and the steam boiler 4 are sealed and fixed, the other end of the steam boiler 4 is welded and fixed with a hot water outlet pipe 18, and a valve 19 is installed at the middle position of the hot water outlet pipe 18. The water body that generates steam does not have direct contact with the high-temperature flue gas, so it can maintain a clean state during the entire cycle, and improve the service life of the participating components on the premise of ensuring the efficiency of waste heat recovery.

Further, the lower end of the superheater 5 and the steam boiler 4 are sealed and fixed through pipes, a superheater 22 is arranged inside the superheater 5, and the superheater 22 and the superheater 5 are welded and fixed, and a steam pipe network 23 is arranged above the superheater 22, And the steam pipe network 23 and the superheating box 5 are fixed by the card slot, and the superheater 22 and the steam pipe network 23 are respectively arranged inside the superheating box 5. The working capacity in the steam turbine 6, that is, the useful enthalpy of the steam in the steam turbine 6 increases, thereby improving the cycle efficiency of the heat engine.

Further, a condenser 8 is arranged between the steam turbine 6 and the water storage tank 9, and the exhausted steam pipe 20 is sealed and fixed between the upper end of the condenser 8 and the steam turbine 6, and the lower end of the condenser 8 and the water storage tank 9 are sealed and fixed through the pipeline to remove oxygen. A water inlet pipe 34 is sealed and fixed between the boiler 10 and the steam boiler 4 .

Further, a flue gas outlet pipe 14 is sealed and fixed between the purification tower 11 and the flue gas heat exchange pipe 3 , and one end of the flue gas outlet pipe 14 extends to the interior of the purification tower 11 , and a purification liquid 24 is arranged below the interior of the purification tower 11 , the top of the purification tower 11 is fixedly provided with a water collecting tray 26, the lower end of the water collecting tray 26 is installed with atomizing nozzles 27, and several atomizing nozzles 27 are installed, and the atomizing nozzles 27 are distributed in sequence, and between the atomizing nozzles 27 Both are provided with through holes 33, and the through holes 33 are located inside the water collecting tray 26, a circulating pump 29 is installed on one side of the upper end of the purification tower 11, one end of the circulating pump 29 extends to the interior of the purification tower 11, and the output of the circulating pump 29 A circulating pipe 28 is sealed and fixed between the end and the water collecting pan 26, and an exhaust pipe 21 is arranged on the upper end of the purification tower 11. In this way, the particle content in the gas can be minimized.

Further, an isolation net 25 is installed at the middle position of the bottom of the purification tower 11, two isolation nets 25 are installed, and the isolation net 25 and the purification tower 11 are fixed by screws, and the isolation net 25 can prevent the adsorption of particulate impurities from entering the circulating pump 29. Liquid 24 extraction area.

Further, a purification layer 30 is provided at the upper end of the purification tower 11, and the purification layer 30 is composed of activated carbon particles 31 and quartz sand 32. The activated carbon particles 31 and the quartz sand 32 are respectively fixed with the purification tower 11 through the clamping groove, which can further reduce the gas in the gas. Harmful substances are adsorbed to ensure that the double-treated gas meets the national industrial hygiene emission standards.

A method of using a waste heat recovery system for the production of prebaked anodes includes the following steps:

Step 1. A large amount of high-temperature flue gas is generated during the calcination of the pre-baked anode. When the dust-laden flue gas enters the soot separator 2 along the tangential direction of the soot separator 2 through the air pump 16 at a high speed, the air flow will move in a straight line. It becomes a circular motion, and the flue gas generates centrifugal force during the rotation process. Under the density difference, the dust particles with a density greater than that of the flue gas are thrown to the wall of the device, and the inertial force is lost, and the momentum of the inlet velocity and the downward gravity fall along the wall surface. , and then enter the dust collecting hopper, and most of the large particles of smoke and dust in the upward swirling flow are separated, so that when the high-temperature flue gas enters the flue gas heat exchange pipe 3, the internal large particles of impurities are less, avoiding the interior of the flue gas heat exchange pipe 3. blocking;

Step 2: When the high-temperature gas separated from the smoke and dust enters the flue gas heat exchange pipe 3, the heat exchange fins 15 are densely distributed inside the flue gas heat exchange pipe 3, which can absorb the heat in the high-temperature flue gas, and then play a role in heat conduction. The upper end of the heat exchange fin 15 is located inside the steam boiler 4, and the interior of the steam boiler 4 is equipped with a water body, which is rapidly heated to boiling under the action of the heat exchange fin 15 to form saturated steam, and the saturated steam then enters the superheated Box 5, the superheater 22 can heat the saturated steam into superheated steam with a certain temperature, which improves the working power of the steam in the steam turbine 6. After the steam turbine 6 expands and performs work, the exhausted steam is transported to the condenser 8 through the exhausted steam pipe 20 for condensation. After the water is formed, it is collected into the water storage tank 9 for storage, and then the condensed water inside the water storage tank 9 is transported to the deaerator 10 for deoxidation under the action of the water pump, and then transported to the inside of the steam boiler 4 by the water pump to form the entire system circulation;

Step 3. When hot water needs to be used, the other side of the steam boiler 4 is provided with a hot water outlet pipe 18, and the water body inside the steam boiler 4 can be directly used by opening the valve 19 by connecting to the water pipe;

Step 4. By turning on the air pump, the heat-exchanged flue gas is transported to the purification liquid 24 in the purification tower 11. In the process of contacting the flue gas, on the one hand, the particulate matter in the flue gas can be adsorbed, and on the other hand It can purify the harmful substances in the gas. Under the density difference, the gas that is in contact with the purification liquid 24 moves upward, and by turning on the circulating pump 29, the purification liquid 24 inside the purification tower 11 is extracted and pressurized. The pipe 28 is transported to the water collecting tray 26, and the purifying liquid 24 is sprayed downward in an atomized state by the atomizing nozzle 27. When the atomized purifying liquid 24 is in contact with the fine dust, it can increase the overall weight and form a drop. The purified gas passes through the through holes 33 between the water collecting trays 26 and enters the purification layer 30, which can further adsorb harmful substances in the gas;

Step 5. Finally, discharge through the exhaust pipe 21 .

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments are to be regarded in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the invention is to be defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, which are therefore intended to fall within the scope of the claims. All changes within the meaning and scope of the equivalents of , are included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims shall not be construed as limiting the involved claim.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a prebaked anode production is with waste heat recovery system, includes that the pot-type forges burning furnace (1), its characterized in that: a smoke dust separator (2) is arranged below one side of the pot-type calcining furnace (1), a calcining furnace air outlet pipe (12) is fixed between the pot-type calcining furnace (1) and the smoke dust separator (2) in a sealing manner, an air pump (16) is fixedly installed at one end of the calcining furnace air outlet pipe (12), one end of the calcining furnace air outlet pipe (12) extends into the smoke dust separator (2) along the tangential direction of the upper end of the smoke dust separator (2), a dust hopper (17) is arranged below the smoke dust separator (2), the dust hopper (17) is communicated with the smoke dust separator (2), a smoke gas heat exchange pipeline (3) is arranged above one side of the smoke dust separator (2), a steam boiler (4) is fixedly welded at the upper end of the smoke gas heat exchange pipeline (3), heat exchange fins (15) are installed inside the smoke gas heat exchange pipeline (3), and the upper ends of the heat exchange fins (15) extend into the steam boiler (4), the utility model discloses a steam boiler, including steam boiler (4), superheater, generator and flue gas heat exchange pipeline, superheater (5) are installed to one side of steam boiler (4) upper end, one side of superheater (5) is provided with steam turbine (6), and superheater (5) and steam turbine (6) pass through the tube seal fixed, generator (7) are installed to the output of steam turbine (6), the below of generator (7) is provided with storage water tank (9), deaerator (10) are installed to one side of storage water tank (9), and deaerator (10) and storage water tank (9) pass through the tube seal fixed, the opposite side of storage water tank (9) is provided with purifying column (11), sealed between purifying column (11) and flue gas heat exchange pipeline (3) and fixed with flue gas exit tube (14), and the one end of flue gas exit tube (14) extends to the inside of purifying column (11), the inside below of purifying column (11) is provided with purifying liquid (24), the purification device is characterized in that a water collecting tray (26) is fixedly arranged above the purification tower (11), an atomizing spray head (27) is installed at the lower end of the water collecting tray (26), a plurality of atomizing spray heads (27) are installed, the atomizing spray heads (27) are sequentially distributed, a through hole (33) is formed between the atomizing spray heads (27), the through hole (33) is located inside the water collecting tray (26), a circulating pump (29) is installed on one side of the upper end of the purification tower (11), one end of the circulating pump (29) extends to the inside of the purification tower (11), a circulating pipe (28) is hermetically fixed between the output end of the circulating pump (29) and the water collecting tray (26), an exhaust pipe (21) is arranged at the upper end of the purification tower (11), a separation net (25) is installed at the middle position of the bottom of the purification tower (11), two separation nets (25) are installed, and the separation net (25) and the purification tower (11) are fixed through screws, the inside upper end of purifying tower (11) is provided with purifies layer (30), purify layer (30) and constitute by activated carbon particle (31) and quartz sand (32), activated carbon particle (31) and quartz sand (32) are respectively fixed through the draw-in groove with purifying tower (11).

2. The waste heat recovery system for prebaked anode production according to claim 1, wherein: the flue gas is fixed with between flue gas heat transfer pipeline (3) and smoke and dust separator (2) sealed flue gas and advances pipe (13), heat exchanger fin (15) are the inside of S type structure distribution in flue gas heat transfer pipeline (3), it is sealed fixed between heat exchanger fin (15) and flue gas heat transfer pipeline (3) and steam boiler (4), the other end welded fastening of steam boiler (4) has hot water exit tube (18), valve (19) are installed to the intermediate position department of hot water exit tube (18).

3. The waste heat recovery system for prebaked anode production according to claim 1, wherein: the lower end of the superheater box (5) is fixed with the steam boiler (4) in a pipeline sealing mode, the superheater (22) is arranged inside the superheater box (5), the superheater (22) and the superheater box (5) are fixed in a welding mode, a steam pipe network (23) is arranged above the superheater (22), and the steam pipe network (23) is fixed with the superheater box (5) through a clamping groove.

4. The waste heat recovery system for prebaked anode production according to claim 1, wherein: be provided with condenser (8) between steam turbine (6) and storage water tank (9), sealed being fixed with exhaust pipe (20) between the upper end of condenser (8) and steam turbine (6), the lower extreme of condenser (8) passes through pipe seal with storage water tank (9) and fixes, sealed being fixed with inlet tube (34) between oxygen-eliminating device (10) and steam boiler (4).

5. The use method of the heat recovery system for prebaked anode production according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:

step one, a large amount of high-temperature flue gas is generated in the calcining process of the prebaked anode, when the dust-containing flue gas enters a smoke dust separator (2) from a gas outlet pipe (12) of a calcining furnace at a high speed along the tangential direction of the smoke dust separator (2), air flow is changed from linear motion to circular motion, centrifugal force is generated in the rotating process of the flue gas, dust particles with density larger than that of the flue gas are thrown to the wall of the device under the density difference, so that the dust particles lose inertia force and fall along the wall surface by the momentum of the inlet speed and the downward gravity, the dust particles enter a dust collecting hopper, most of large-particle smoke dust in upward rotational flow is separated, and when the high-temperature flue gas enters a flue gas heat exchange pipeline (3), large-particle impurities in the flue gas heat exchange pipeline (3) are less, and the blockage in the flue gas heat exchange pipeline (3) is avoided;

step two, when the high-temperature gas separated by the smoke dust enters the smoke heat exchange pipeline (3), the heat exchange fins (15) are densely distributed in the smoke heat exchange pipeline (3) and can absorb heat in the high-temperature smoke gas, then the heat is transferred to the upper end under the action of heat conduction, the upper end of each heat exchange fin (15) is positioned in a steam boiler (4), a water body is arranged in the steam boiler (4), the water body is rapidly heated to boiling under the action of the heat exchange fins (15) to form saturated steam, the saturated steam then enters a superheater box (5), a superheater (22) can heat the saturated steam into superheated steam with a certain temperature, the acting capacity of the steam in a steam turbine (6) is improved, the steam turbine (6) expands to act and is matched with a generator (7) to generate electric energy, and the extra power requirement of the prebaked anode production equipment is met, the exhaust steam is conveyed to a condenser (8) through an exhaust steam pipe (20) to be condensed into water, then the water is converged into a water storage tank (9) to be stored, then the condensed water in the water storage tank (9) is conveyed to a deaerator (10) to be deaerated under the action of a water pump, and then the condensed water is conveyed to the interior of a steam boiler (4) through the water pump to form the circulation of the whole system;

when hot water is needed, a hot water outlet pipe (18) is arranged on the other side of the steam boiler (4), and a valve (19) is opened by connecting a water pipe, so that the water body in the steam boiler (4) can be directly used;

fourthly, the gas pump is opened, the heat-exchanged flue gas is conveyed to the purifying liquid (24) in the purifying tower (11), in the process of contacting with the flue gas, on one hand, particles in the flue gas can be adsorbed, on the other hand, harmful substances in the gas can be purified, under the density difference, the gas contacting with the purifying liquid (24) moves upwards, the circulating pump (29) is opened, the purifying liquid (24) in the purifying tower (11) is extracted and pressurized, the gas is conveyed to the water collecting tray (26) through the circulating pipe (28), the purifying liquid (24) is sprayed downwards in an atomized state through the atomizing nozzle (27), the atomized purifying liquid (24) contacts with tiny foreign dust, the whole weight can be improved, the falling is formed, and the purified gas enters the purifying layer (30) through the through holes (33) between the water collecting tray (26), harmful substances in the gas can be further adsorbed;

and step five, finally, discharging through an exhaust pipe (21).

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