CN111894532A - Sand control screen flow control system, method, device, oil downhole drilling and production tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and natural gas exploitation, and discloses a sand control screen flow control system, method, device, and oil downhole drilling and production tool. In sand control treatment, the fluid enters the flow area control module, and then enters the pipeline through the screen; when the flow of the screen needs to be adjusted, the heating chamber is supplied with power through the transmission cable to heat the memory metal, using the double-pass memory effect of the memory metal, Stretch and move the slider, change the position of the slider in the flow area control structure, change the flow area of the fluid, and realize the flow control of the screen tube. The invention adjusts the fluid flow through the screen pipe in real time during the oil field production process; provides a method for controlling the oil well production at the sand control screen pipe by utilizing the characteristics of the memory metal; and adjusts the fluid flow rate of the sand control screen pipe in real time during the oil field production process. Control sand control screen flow compared to existing sand control screens.

Description

Sand control screen flow control system, method, device, and oil downhole drilling and production tool

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and natural gas exploitation, and in particular relates to a flow control system, method and device of a sand control screen, and an oil downhole drilling and production tool.

Background technique

At present, sand production is a common phenomenon in oil and gas well production. Sand production has a huge impact on oil and gas reservoir exploitation. Sand control is the main method to solve the problem of sand production in oil wells at this stage. The current sand control technology is mainly mechanical sand control, chemical sand control and other means to reduce the accumulation of sandstone particles in the oil layer around the wellbore and into the wellbore, but most of these sand control processes are at the cost of sacrificing part of the productivity. Although various sand control techniques can achieve certain effects in the field, excessive sand control causes formation sand to accumulate in the near wellbore area, block pores, affect the formation of earthworm caves, and cause problems such as oil well productivity decline. The moderate sand production technology that cooperates with sand control and sand production can ensure the production life and safety of oil wells on the premise of ensuring oil well production, improve production efficiency and reduce development costs. For moderate sand production, the output of the oil well needs to be adjusted according to the actual production situation. At this stage, for the self-blowing well, the flow pressure of the wellhead is mainly controlled to realize the control of the oil well output.

The difficulty of solving the above problems and defects is: the sand control screen is at the bottom of the well, the structure of the sand control screen flow control system of the present invention is precise, and the power supply needs to be provided by pre-laid cables, and the design requirements for pre-laid cables are relatively high.

The significance of solving the above problems and defects is as follows: the present invention provides a method for controlling oil well production at the oil well sand control screen, which can adjust oil well production in real time and realize efficient and intelligent oil and gas safe production of oil wells.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a sand control screen flow control system, method, device, and oil downhole drilling and production tool.

The present invention is realized in this way, a sand control screen flow control system, the sand control screen flow control system includes:

Screen and flow support module, used to support the entire screen and flow;

The laying path filling module is used to provide laying paths for transmission cables;

The support module is used to protect the filling layer, support the fixed precision sand retaining layer and the outer protective layer;

The protection module is used to protect the internal structure and overflow of the screen;

Sand control module, used to fix the precision sand block and realize the first-level sand control;

The flow area control module is used to change the function of the flow area and control the fluid flow;

The power module is used to provide power for the heating electric cavity.

Further, the sand control screen flow control system also includes:

The memory metal heating module is used to supply heat through the power transmission cable to heat the heating cavity and heat the memory metal when the flow rate of the screen tube needs to be adjusted;

The screen tube flow control module uses the double-pass memory effect of memory metal (restores the shape of the high temperature phase when heating, and restores the shape of the low temperature phase when cooling) to change the position of the slider in the flow area control structure and change the flow area of the fluid , in order to realize the control of screen flow.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a sand control screen flow control method for operating the sand control screen flow control system, the sand control screen flow control method comprising:

In the first step, the fluid enters the fixed-precision sand retaining layer through the rectangular through hole on the protection module, and performs the first-level sand control treatment. The fluid enters the flow area control module, and then enters the pipeline through the screen;

In the second step, when the flow rate of the screen tube needs to be adjusted, the heating chamber is supplied with power through the power transmission cable to heat the memory metal, and the two-way memory effect of the memory metal is used to change the position of the slider in the flow area control structure. The flow area of the fluid is used to control the flow of the screen.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a sand control screen flow control device equipped with the sand control screen flow control system, the sand control screen flow control device comprising: a central pipe, a fixed precision sand retaining layer, and an outer protective layer , Overflow area control structure, filling layer, intermediate layer. The nested structure is adopted between the layers, and the flow area control structure is embedded in the center tube, the filling layer and the center layer. Its location and connection relationship are shown in Figure 2.

The filling layer between the central pipe and the intermediate layer lays the transmission cable;

Further, the filling layer is filled with polymer pressure-resistant and heat-resistant materials;

Further, the flow area control structure includes: a fixed precision sand retaining washer, a flow area control structure main body, a bracket, a screen, a slider, a heating cavity, and a memory metal;

Further, the fixed precision sand retaining washer is formed by overlapping multiple layers of screen meshes;

Further, the slider, the heating cavity, and the main body of the flow area control structure are welded together and sealed;

Further, the fixed precision sand retaining layer is composed of multiple layers of wire mesh;

Further, the outer protective layer is provided with a rectangular through hole.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an oil downhole drilling and production tool equipped with the sand control screen flow control device.

Combined with all the above technical solutions, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention heats the memory metal through the heating cavity, utilizes the double-pass memory characteristics of the memory metal, changes the position of the slider, and changes the flow area of the fluid , and finally change the fluid flow of the screen; the slider, the heating cavity, and the flow area control structure frame are welded together and must be sealed to ensure that the memory metal is heated by the heating cable in a closed space; the double fixed precision sand retaining layer ( Fixed precision sand retaining layer, fixed precision sand retaining washer), high reliability of sand control; heating cavity has good elastic plasticity.

The present invention can adjust the fluid flow through the screen in real time during the production process of the oil field, and the existing sand control screen has no function of real-time adjustment of the fluid flow. The present invention utilizes the properties of memory metals to provide a method for controlling oil well production at the sand control screen. The fluid flow of the sand control screen can be adjusted in real time during oil field production. Compared with the existing sand control screen, the present invention can control the flow rate of the sand control screen.

Description of drawings

1 is a flowchart of a flow control method for a sand control screen provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of a sand control screen flow control device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of an outer protective layer with a controllable fluid flow rate, a fixed-precision sand-retaining layer, and a fixed-precision sand-retaining washer according to the present invention;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the flow area control structure of the sand control screen with controllable fluid flow according to the present invention, Figure 4 (a) flow state 1; Figure 4 (b) flow state 2;

In the figure: 1. Outer protective layer; 2. Fixed-precision sand-retaining layer; 3. Fixed-precision sand-retaining washer; 4. Main body of flow area control structure; 5. Support; 6. Screen; 7. Intermediate layer; 8. Slider; 9. Filling layer; 10. Center tube; 11. Heating cavity; 12. Memory metal; 13. Power cable; 14. Hole with threaded step groove.

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a sand control screen flow control system, method, device, and oil downhole drilling and production tool. The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The sand control screen flow control system provided by the example of the present invention includes:

Screen and flow support module, used to support the entire screen and flow.

Laying Path Filling Module to provide laying paths for transmission cables.

The support module is used to protect the filling layer, support the fixed precision sand retaining layer and the outer protective layer.

The protection module is used to protect the internal structure of the screen and the overflow.

The sand control module is used to fix the precision sand block and realize the first-level sand control.

The flow area control module is used to change the function of the flow area and control the fluid flow.

The power module is used to provide power for the heating electric cavity.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the screen pipe and the overflow support module are the central pipe 10; the laying path filling module is the filling layer 9; the support module is the middle layer 7; the protection module is the outer protection layer with rectangular through holes; The sand control module is a fixed precision sand block; the flow area control module is a flow area control structure (fixed precision sand blocking gasket 3, flow area control structure main body 4, bracket 5, screen 6, slider 8, heating cavity 11 , memory metal 12); the power module is a power transmission cable.

As shown in Figure 1, the sand control screen flow control method provided by the example of the present invention comprises the following steps:

S101: The fluid enters the fixed-precision sand retaining layer through the rectangular through holes on the outer protective layer, and performs the first-level sand control treatment. The fluid enters the flow area control structure, and then enters the pipeline through the screen;

S102: When it is necessary to adjust the flow rate of the screen tube, the heating chamber is supplied with power through the power transmission cable to heat the memory metal, and the double-pass memory effect of the memory metal is used (the shape of the high temperature phase is restored when heating, and the shape of the low temperature phase can be restored when cooling) , change the position of the slider in the flow area control structure, and change the flow area of the fluid to control the flow of the screen.

The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , the sand control screen flow control device provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: a central pipe 10, a fixed-precision sand retaining layer 2, an outer protective layer 1, and a flow area control structure (a fixed-precision sand retaining washer). 3. Flow area control structure Main body 4 , bracket 5 , screen 6 , slider 8 , heating cavity 11 , memory metal 12 ), filling layer 9 , intermediate layer 7 .

The central pipe 10 mainly supports the entire screen pipe and the overcurrent function; the filling layer 9 mainly acts as a laying path for the transmission cable; the middle layer 7 mainly acts as a support; the outer protective layer 1 has rectangular through holes on it , mainly to protect the internal structure of the screen and the role of over-current; fixed-precision sand retaining 2, mainly to play the role of first-level sand control; the over-flow area control structure, mainly to change the over-flow area, and then control the fluid flow; power transmission cable 13 , to provide power for the heating electric cavity. Compared with the existing sand control screen, the present invention is characterized in that the flow rate of the sand control screen can be controlled.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flow area control structure is composed of a flow area control structure main body 4 , a fixed precision sand retaining washer 3 , a screen 6 , a slider 8 , a bracket 5 , a memory metal 12 , and a heating cavity 11 . , heat the memory metal 12 through the heating cavity 11, change the state of the memory metal 12, and then change the position of the slider 8, change the flow area of the fluid, and finally change the fluid flow of the screen tube; the slider 8, the heating cavity 11, The main body 4 of the flow area control structure is welded together and must be sealed to ensure that the memory metal 12 is heated by the heating cable in a closed space; the heating cavity 11 has good elasticity and plasticity.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fixed-precision sand-retaining layer 2 is formed by overlapping multiple layers of wire mesh. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the power transmission cable 13 is used to supply power to the heating cavity 11, heat the memory metal 12, change the state of the memory metal 12, change the position of the slider 8, and change the flow area of the fluid, so as to realize the change of fluid flow. Change.

In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the power transmission cable 13 is laid through the filling layer between the central tube 10 and the intermediate layer 7 .

In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, double fixed-precision sand-retaining layers (fixed-precision sand-retaining layer 2, fixed-precision sand-retaining washer 3) are used, and the sand-controlling reliability is high; overlapping.

In actual production, the fluid enters the fixed-precision sand retaining layer 2 through the rectangular through holes on the outer protective layer 1, and performs the first-level sand control treatment. The fluid enters the flow area control structure, and then enters the pipeline through the screen 6.

When it is necessary to adjust the flow rate of the screen tube, power supply through the power transmission cable 13 makes the heating cavity 11 supply heat, heat the memory metal 12, and change the state of the memory metal 12, thereby changing the position of the slider 8 in the flow area control structure and changing the fluid flow. Flow area to realize the control of screen flow. As shown in Fig. 4, when the position of the slider 8 is changed, the flow into the screen pipe is correspondingly reduced.

The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art is within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, and all within the spirit and principle of the present invention Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the scope of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A sand control screen flow control system is characterized in that, the sand control screen flow control system comprises: Screen and flow support module, used to support the entire screen and flow; The laying path filling module is used to provide laying paths for transmission cables; The support module is used to protect the filling layer, support the fixed precision sand retaining layer and the outer protective layer; The protection module is used to protect the internal structure and overflow of the screen; Sand control module, used to fix the precision sand block and realize the first-level sand control; The flow area control module is used to change the function of the flow area and control the fluid flow; The power module is used to provide power for the heating electric cavity. 2. The sand control screen flow control system according to claim 1, wherein the sand control screen flow control system further comprises: The memory metal heating module is used to supply heat through the power transmission cable to heat the heating cavity and heat the memory metal when the flow rate of the screen tube needs to be adjusted; The screen flow control module uses the two-way memory effect of memory metal to restore the shape of the high temperature phase when heating, and the shape of the low temperature phase when cooling, changing the position of the slider in the flow area control structure, and changing the flow area of the fluid. In order to realize the control of the screen flow. 3. A sand control screen flow control method for operating the sand control screen flow control system according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the sand control screen flow control method comprises: In the first step, the fluid enters the fixed-precision sand retaining layer through the rectangular through hole on the protection module, and performs the first-level sand control treatment. The fluid enters the flow area control module, and then enters the pipeline through the screen; In the second step, when the flow rate of the screen tube needs to be adjusted, the heating chamber is supplied with power through the power transmission cable, and the memory metal is heated. Flow area to realize the control of screen flow. 4. A sand control screen flow control device installed with the sand control screen flow control system according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the sand control screen flow control device comprises: a central pipe, a fixed precision stopper Sand layer, outer protective layer, flow area control structure, filling layer, intermediate layer; The filling layer between the central tube and the intermediate layer lays the transmission cable. 5. The sand control screen flow control device according to claim 4, wherein the flow area control structure comprises: a fixed precision sand retaining washer, a flow area control structure main body, a bracket, a screen, a slider, Heating cavity, memory metal. 6 . The flow control device for a sand control screen according to claim 5 , wherein the fixed-precision sand retaining washer is formed by overlapping multiple layers of screens. 7 . 7 . The flow control device for sand control screens according to claim 5 , wherein the sliding block, the heating cavity, and the main body of the flow area control structure are welded together and sealed. 8 . 8 . The flow control device for sand control screens according to claim 4 , wherein the fixed-precision sand retaining layer is formed by overlapping multiple layers of metal wire meshes. 9 . 9 . The flow control device for sand control screens according to claim 4 , wherein the outer protective layer is provided with rectangular through holes. 10 . 10. An oil downhole drilling and production tool equipped with the sand control screen flow control device of claim 4.

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