Biological prevention and control method for tea garden
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of tea garden planting, and particularly relates to a biological prevention and control method for a tea garden.
Background
Tea is the most common beverage in people's life, with the development of social economy and the continuous improvement of the living standard of people, the variety and the efficacy of tea are more and more, people have increasingly strong requirements on the diversification, the healthcare and the pollution-free of tea, especially, people pay more attention to the safety standard of tea, but the pesticide residue of tea generally exceeds the standard, and the tea invisibly harms the health of consumers for a long time; in addition, in leaf planting, due to the fact that single tea is planted, the land utilization rate is low, economic benefits are low, the tea is a plant which is fond of yin and dampness, and the tea is not beneficial to growth of the tea due to exposure to sunlight.
The applicant has found that the prior art has at least the following technical problems: gardening prevention and control, physical prevention and control, biological prevention and control, chemical prevention and control and the like. Monitoring insect pest situation: the method of phenological method and effective temperature accumulating method is used to predict and forecast the insect situation of lesser leafhopper. Gardening prevention and control: the method comprises the following steps of field management, timely picking of tea in batches for multiple times, and proper trimming after picking, so that the density of insect mouths can be reduced; can be ploughed and applied with organic fertilizer at a proper time to enhance the disease and pest resistance of tea trees. Has the advantages of convenience, economy and prevention effect; the defect is that the control effect is poor when the population of the insects is large. Physical prevention and control: reducing the harm of the lesser leafhopper by using methods such as a color plate (yellow plate and the like) and a attractant and the like; the advantages are that ecological balance is not destroyed, and 3R consequence is not generated; the disadvantage is the somewhat higher costs involved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of high cost or drug residue generation in pest control in the prior art, and aims to provide a biological control method for a tea garden.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: raw tea for tea garden
The object prevention and control method comprises the following steps:
s1, adopting a single-row double-plant planting mode for tea seedlings, and keeping the spacing between planting rows at 2-3m to form
A main road, wherein protective belts are constructed along two sides of the main road;
s2, planting shade-covered trees at the protective belt, wherein companion plants are wound at the bottoms of the shade-covered trees;
s3 the incubator of black ovum bee is placed to planting capable bend corner, the incubator is located to cover tree crown water dripping line internal girth of shadow tree, and the top of incubator is the top of a slope, the top of a slope has the leak, and has accepted the subassembly that divides below the leak, and inside by last division has the aquifer and breed the layer down in proper order of incubator, the aquifer is placed and is divided the subassembly, aquifer and breed the layer
The intersection of the culture layers is provided with a filtering module;
s4, observe the temperature and humidity of detecting the incubator, humidity control goes on through the subassembly of dividing automatically this moment, and the subassembly of dividing has water storage portion, long neck and accepting portion along leak to water-bearing layer in proper order, water storage portion wraps up in leak department, and water storage portion is the pocket mouth form, and the accepting portion includes the bottle that catchments that communicates long neck, the radial both sides of bottle that catchments all have the breach, and breach department articulates there is the drainage plate, the drainage plate stretches out breach department slope down, and the drainage plate
The parts positioned in the water collecting bottle are gathered together;
s5, carrying out the bee releasing operation of the black oophagous trichogrammae in spring and autumn, removing the insect pests in the tea garden, and surrounding the culture box with a waterproof membrane in rainy season.
1. Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, utilize in implementing this technical scheme to cover the cloudy tree in order to reduce the probability that the tea seedling received the sunshine burn, utilize the breed of black oomycete to realize biological prevention and cure simultaneously, avoided the pesticide to spray, simultaneously the black oomycete is bred in-process and is carried out moisturizing and waterproof operation of incubator according to the habit of black oomycete.
2. Can directly spray the moisturizing to covering cloudy tree at the moisturizing in-process, rivers flow to the top of incubator along tree crown water dripping line or tree crown gap department this moment, and the incubator adopts the top of slope structure this moment, stays the rivers on incubator surface along the top of slope to both sides landing, when flowing to leaking the mouth of a river, flows to the subassembly that divides in proper order and filters the module, replenishes the humidity on layer of breeding.
3. The subassembly that divides simultaneously adopts long neck and water storage portion to the water storage portion carries out the water storage, and long neck restriction flow reduces the filterable pressure of filtration module, and simultaneously when the period that rainfall is big, the water storage portion holds behind full rivers, and rainwater or shower water overflow water storage portion to the landing along the top of a slope.
4. The rivers in the water collecting bottle flow to drainage plate department through breach department and carry out the moisturizing to the breed layer of below, and moisturizing in-process drainage plate carries out the humidification through self deflection when realizing the interior little water of water collecting bottle simultaneously, closes when the polywater.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water collecting bottle gradually gathers along the long neck, and the water collecting bottle and the long neck are integrally manufactured, the notch of the water collecting bottle is located at one third of the bottom of the water collecting bottle, and a triangle is enclosed between the drainage plate gathering together and the bottom of the water collecting bottle, and the notch is blocked during the rotation stroke of the drainage plate.
When the water collecting bottle impounds, at first, the isolated water collecting bottle part volume of drainage plate, when the flow and the impact force of unit rivers are greater than the deflection force of drainage plate, the drainage plate is located the outside drainage plate upwarp of water collecting bottle, the upwarp drainage plate of this moment is with the breach shutoff, thereby rivers spill over along the drainage plate in avoiding the water collecting bottle, the drainage plate forms the lever along articulated department simultaneously, when the outside drainage plate upwarps of water collecting bottle, the inside drainage plate of water collecting bottle is down, down drainage plate is when opening the volume that enlarges the water collecting bottle with the breach of water collecting bottle, utilize the gravity oppression drainage plate of rivers, avoid the drainage plate upwarp, prevent that rivers from getting into the breed layer.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the width of the notch is smaller than the width of the long neck, and the water storage part is adhered to the periphery of the leakage opening.
The water collecting bottle has the advantages that the accumulation of water flow in the water collecting bottle is realized, and the long neck part has the flow limiting function, so that the phenomenon that the water flow overflows the notch firstly when the unit precipitation is overlarge is avoided, and the water collecting function of the water collecting bottle is ensured.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the aquifer gradually converges to the aquifer, the filter module is adhered to the extreme end of the aquifer, and the filter module comprises a sponge layer and a filter screen layer in sequence from top to bottom.
Big particulate matter is blocked through the sponge layer, and the small particle impurity in the rainwater is filtered to the filter screen layer simultaneously.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the circumferential direction of the water collecting bottle is clamped with a circular ring, the radial two ends of the circular ring are hung at the two ends of the water storage tank, and the circular ring is positioned above the drainage plate.
The influence of water flow at the notch is reduced by using a hanging mode.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the companion plants in step 2 include climbing groundsel, yellow tea and turf grass.
Enrich the biological species, and widen the contrast range by using the creeper.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the drainage plate is hinged with the notch by adopting a transverse round-head pin, the surface of the round-head pin is wound with a torsion spring, and the torsion force of the torsion spring is equal to one third of the water pressure in the water storage bottle.
The tilting and returning of the drainage plate are realized through the torque of the torsion spring.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the present application.
FIG. 2 is a half-sectional view of an incubator according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a water diversion assembly according to an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the culture box comprises a culture box 1, a leakage opening 2, a sponge layer 3, a filter screen layer 4, a water storage part 5, a long neck part 6, a water collecting bottle 7, a notch 8, a drainage plate 9, a round head pin 10 and a circular ring 11.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "vertical", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it is to be noted that the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, a communication between two elements, a direct connection, or an indirect connection via an intermediate medium, and specific meanings of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The present invention provides a biocontrol method for tea gardens, as shown in fig. 1, which in a preferred embodiment of the invention comprises the steps of:
s1, adopting a single-row double-plant planting mode for tea seedlings, keeping the planting row spacing at 2-3m to form a main road, and constructing protective belts along two sides of the main road;
s2, planting shade-covering trees at the positions of the protective belts, wherein companion plants are wound at the bottoms of the shade-covering trees and comprise climbing groundsel herb, yellow scented tea and turf on the farmland;
referring to fig. 2, S3, the incubator 1 for placing black oomycetes at the corner of the planting curved road is provided, the incubator 1 is located at the inner periphery of a water dripping line of a crown of a shade tree, the top of the incubator 1 is a slope top, the slope top is provided with a leak 2, a water diversion assembly is received below the leak 2, a water storage layer and a breeding layer are sequentially divided from top to bottom in the incubator 1, the water storage layer is provided with the water diversion assembly, a filtering module is arranged at the intersection of the water storage layer and the breeding layer, the water storage layer is gradually gathered to the breeding layer, the filtering module is bonded at the tail end of the water storage layer, and the filtering module sequentially comprises a sponge layer 3 and a filtering screen layer 4 from top to bottom;
s4, observe the temperature and humidity that detect incubator 1, humidity control goes on through the diversion subassembly is automatic this moment, and the diversion subassembly has water storage portion 5, long neck 6 and accepting part along leak 2 to the water storage layer in proper order, water storage portion 5 wraps up in leak 2 department, and water storage portion 5 is the pocket mouth form, and the accepting part is including the water collecting bottle 7 that communicates long neck 6, and water collecting bottle 7' S radial both sides all have breach 8, and the width of breach 8 closes and is less than the width of long neck 6, and water storage portion 5 bonds around leak 2.
Referring to fig. 3, a drainage plate 9 is hinged to the notch 8, the drainage plate 9 is hinged to a round-head pin 10 arranged at the notch 8 and transversely, a torsion spring is wound on the surface of the round-head pin 10, the drainage plate 9 extends out of the notch 8 and inclines downwards, the notch 8 is blocked in the rotation stroke of the drainage plate 9, the parts of the drainage plate 9, which are located in the water collecting bottle 7, are gathered together, the water collecting bottle 7 gradually gathers together along the long neck 6, the water collecting bottle 7 and the long neck 6 are integrally manufactured, the notch 8 of the water collecting bottle 7 is located at one third of the bottom of the water collecting bottle 7, a triangle is formed between the drainage plate 9 and the bottom of the water collecting bottle 7, a circular ring 11 is clamped in the circumferential direction of the water collecting bottle 7, the radial two ends of the circular ring 11 are hung and connected to the two ends of the water storage tank, and the circular ring 11 is located above the drainage plate 9.
S5, carrying out the bee releasing operation of the black oomycetes in spring and autumn, removing the tea garden insect pests, and surrounding the culture box 1 with a waterproof membrane in rainy season.
In the embodiment, the overcast tree is utilized to reduce the probability that tea seedlings are burnt by sunlight, the cultivation of the black oomycetes is utilized to realize biological control, pesticide spraying is avoided, meanwhile, water replenishing and water-proof operations of the incubator 1 are carried out according to the habits of the black oomycetes in the cultivation process of the black oomycetes, the species of the associated plants are enriched, and meanwhile, the contrast range is widened by climbing the creeper.
Simultaneously can directly spray the moisturizing to covering the cloudy tree at the moisturizing in-process, rivers flow to the top of incubator 1 along the tree crown line of dripping or tree crown gap department this moment, and incubator 1 adopts the top of slope structure this moment, stays the rivers on incubator 1 surface along the top of slope to both sides landing, when flowing to the mouth of leaking out, flows to the subassembly of dividing in proper order and filters the module, replenishes the humidity on layer of breeding.
When rivers got into the subassembly that divides, because the subassembly that divides adopts long neck 6 and water storage portion 5 to water storage portion 5 carries out the water storage, and long neck 6 restriction flow reduces and filters the filterable pressure of module, and simultaneously when the period that rainfall is big, water storage portion 5 holds behind full rivers, rainwater or shower water overflow water storage portion 5 to follow the top of a slope landing.
Because the width of the gap 8 is less than the width of the long neck part 6, the accumulation of water flow in the water collecting bottle 7 is realized, because the long neck part 6 has the flow limiting function, the phenomenon that when unit precipitation is overlarge, water flow firstly overflows the gap 8 is avoided, the water collecting function of the water collecting bottle 7 is ensured, when the water flow entering the water collecting bottle 7 flows to the drainage plate 9 through the gap 8 to replenish water to a culture layer below, when the water collecting bottle 7 stores water, the drainage plate 9 isolates part of the volume of the water collecting bottle 7 firstly, when the flow and impact force of the unit water flow are greater than the deflection force of the drainage plate 9, the drainage plate 9 positioned outside the water collecting bottle 7 is upwarped, the upwarped drainage plate 9 blocks the gap 8, thereby the water flow in the water collecting bottle 7 is prevented from overflowing along the drainage plate 9, meanwhile, the drainage plate 9 forms a lever along the hinged part, when the drainage plate 9 outside the water collecting bottle 7 is upwarped, the drainage plate 9 inside the water collecting bottle 7 descends, when the volume of the water collecting bottle 7 is enlarged by opening the notch 8 of the water collecting bottle 7 through the descending drainage plate 9, the gravity of water flow is utilized to press the drainage plate 9, the upwarping of the drainage plate 9 is avoided, and the water flow is prevented from entering the culture layer.
In the water replenishing process, the drainage plate 9 can realize humidification when the water in the water collecting bottle 7 is low in quantity and close when the water is high in quantity through self deflection.
In the description herein, reference to the description of the terms "preferred embodiment," "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example" or "some examples" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.