CN111817430A - Power supply system, fixed point data acquisition device and control method thereof - Google Patents
Power supply system, fixed point data acquisition device and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 4
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/061—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for DC powered loads
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for DC mains or DC distribution networks
- H02J1/10—Parallel operation of DC sources
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
- H02J13/00022—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
- H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/30—The power source being a fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/40—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation wherein a plurality of decentralised, dispersed or local energy generation technologies are operated simultaneously
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02B90/20—Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/70—Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/12—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation
- Y04S10/123—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation the energy generation units being or involving renewable energy sources
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
- Y04S20/12—Energy storage units, uninterruptible power supply [UPS] systems or standby or emergency generators, e.g. in the last power distribution stages
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of unmanned fixed-point operation, in particular to a power supply system, a fixed-point data acquisition device and a control method thereof. The power supply system comprises a power supply, an electricity load and an energy management controller, wherein the power supply is connected with the electricity load through a direct current bus, the power supply comprises a solar cell, a rechargeable battery and a fuel cell, the solar cell is connected with the direct current bus through a first boost type converter, the rechargeable battery is connected to the direct current bus through a boost and buck type converter and a second switching device, and the fuel cell is connected with the direct current bus through a second boost type converter; the fuel cell and the second switching device are both in communication with the energy management controller. By controlling the on-off of the second switching device and controlling the start-stop of the fuel cell, the switching power supply of each power supply can be realized, and then the purpose of supplying power by each power supply in different time periods can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of unmanned fixed-point operation, in particular to a power supply system, a fixed-point data acquisition device and a control method thereof.
Background
Some existing offshore fixed-point data acquisition devices are used for collecting information of a target sea area at fixed points for a period of time (at least several days), which requires that the offshore fixed-point data acquisition devices cannot be powered off within a set time.
However, the target sea area is generally far away from the land, and therefore cannot be powered by the commercial power, for example, the chinese utility model with publication number CN208547382U discloses a channel fixed-point hydrological monitoring interactive system, which adopts a solar cell panel to charge a rechargeable battery and adopts the rechargeable battery to supply power to power equipment, however, due to the limitation of illumination time, the scheme cannot meet the power consumption requirement that the marine fixed-point data acquisition device is not powered off for 24 hours, and cannot achieve the purpose that the marine fixed-point data acquisition device does not continuously perform data acquisition operation within the set time.
For another example, chinese patent application with publication number CN108344845A discloses a marine environment monitoring system, which adopts seawater thermoelectric power generation and solar power supply, however, how to realize the switching between seawater thermoelectric power generation and solar power supply is not given in this scheme.
In addition, chinese patent application with publication number CN109606600A discloses a renewable energy hybrid power system for ships, in which a solar cell, a storage battery, a fuel cell, and a super capacitor are used as power supplies to power a motor, and bus voltage is adjusted by duty ratio of a boost (buck) converter connected to each power supply, so that power consumption control of the system is complicated, and obtaining of a control command requires a large amount of detection and calculation, which not only results in complex composition of a control system corresponding to the system, but also results in a possibility of large deviation in bus voltage control, and is not suitable for unmanned scenes.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a power supply system which is beneficial to realizing switching power supply of each power supply, is not easy to make mistakes in control, is convenient to apply to an unmanned scene and has a simple system structure.
In order to achieve the above object, the power supply system provided by the present invention includes a power supply, an electrical load, and an energy management controller, wherein the power supply is connected to the electrical load through a dc bus, the power supply includes a solar cell, a rechargeable battery, and a fuel cell, the solar cell is connected to the dc bus through a first step-up converter, the rechargeable battery is connected to the dc bus through a step-up step-down converter and a second switching device, and the fuel cell is connected to the dc bus through a second step-up converter; the fuel cell and the second switching device are both in communication with the energy management controller.
Therefore, through the structural design of the power supply system, the purpose that each power supply can switchably supply power to the power utilization load can be realized by controlling the on-off of the second switch device and controlling the start-stop of the fuel cell, and then the purpose that each power supply supplies power in different time periods can be realized, for example, each power supply can switch to supply power according to each preset time period, so that the control of the power supply system does not need to carry out complicated detection and calculation, the control structure composition of the power supply system is favorably simplified, the probability of control errors is favorably reduced, the power supply system can be favorably ensured to normally operate for a long time under the condition of no human intervention, and the power supply system of the embodiment can be suitable for an unmanned scene; especially, when the power supply system of this embodiment is used in the following fixed-point data acquisition device, since the fixed-point data acquisition device mainly works at a fixed position, and the change of the sunshine law at the fixed position is small in a short period, a preset time period can be set by predicting the sunshine duration and intensity, and the switching of each power supply is controlled according to the preset time period, so that the purpose of supplying power to the functional load in different time periods can be realized by switching the power supplies according to the preset time period, the bus voltage can be ensured to be stable as much as possible, and the 24-hour all-weather power consumption requirement of the functional load can be realized.
Preferably, the fuel cell is an air-cooled fuel cell.
Therefore, the air-cooled fuel cell has a simple heat dissipation structure, and the weight and the volume of the power supply system are facilitated to be simplified by adopting the air-cooled fuel cell, so that when the power supply system is applied to the fixed point data acquisition device, the travel and return power consumption of the fixed point data acquisition device is smaller.
In another preferred embodiment, the solar cell has a first cell management module, and the first cell management module is in communication connection with the energy management controller; and/or the rechargeable battery is provided with a second battery management module which is in communication connection with the energy management controller; and/or the fuel cell has a third cell management module communicatively coupled to the energy management controller.
Therefore, the battery management module is used for monitoring the state of charge (SOC) of the rechargeable battery, monitoring the hydrogen allowance of the fuel battery, monitoring the output voltage of the solar battery and other data to ensure that each power supply operates under normal conditions, so that emergency adjustment can be timely carried out when the power supply fails to operate, and when the power supply system is applied to the following fixed point data acquisition device, the operating state of the fixed point data acquisition device can be timely changed according to the fault condition of the power supply system, for example, when the fixed point data acquisition device cannot continuously carry out data acquisition operation due to the fault of the power supply system, the fixed point data acquisition device is controlled to timely return to maintenance; of course, it is preferable to provide a wireless communication module, and the wireless communication module is electrically connected to the energy management controller, so that the operating state of the fixed-point data acquisition device is sent to an operator through the wireless communication module, so as to judge whether the power supply system is normal or not manually according to the data acquired by each battery management module, and determine whether to control the fixed-point data acquisition device to return in advance or not.
Still another preferred scheme is that a first switching device is connected between the solar cell and the direct current bus, the first switching device is in communication connection with the energy management controller, and/or a third switching device is connected between the fuel cell and the direct current bus, and the third switching device is in communication connection with the energy management controller.
Therefore, when the solar cell is insufficient to supply power to the load, the power supply of the solar cell is cut off through the first switch device, so that the adverse effect of the solar cell on the power supply of the rechargeable battery/the power supply of the fuel cell can be avoided; similarly, the third switching device can also avoid the adverse effect of the fuel cell on the power supply of the rechargeable battery/the power supply of the fuel cell during the starting and stopping process.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a fixed point data acquisition device which is beneficial to realizing the switching power supply of each power supply and has simple system structure.
In order to achieve the above object, the fixed point data acquisition device provided by the invention comprises the above power supply system.
The power utilization load comprises a functional load for executing data acquisition operation and a power load for driving the fixed point data acquisition device to move, and the functional load and the power load are respectively connected to the direct current bus; and a fourth switching device is arranged between the functional load and the direct current bus, and a fifth switching device is arranged between the power load and the direct current bus.
The invention also aims to provide a control method which is beneficial to realizing switching power supply of each power supply, has simple system structure, is simple and convenient to control and is not easy to make mistakes.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a control method applied to the aforementioned power supply system, the method including: in the first time interval and the third time interval, the second switching device is switched off, the fuel cell is switched off, and the solar cell supplies power to the power load; in a second time period, the second switch device is closed, the fuel cell is shut down, the solar cell supplies power for the electric load and the solar cell charges the rechargeable battery; in a fourth time period, the second switching device is closed, the fuel cell is shut down, and the rechargeable battery supplies power for the electric load; in a fifth time period, the second switching device is switched off, the fuel cell is switched on, and the fuel cell supplies power to the electric load; the first time interval, the second time interval, the third time interval, the fourth time interval and the fifth time interval are pre-defined according to the illumination intensity, and the sum of the first time interval, the second time interval, the third time interval, the fourth time interval and the fifth time interval is less than or equal to 24 hours.
Therefore, the control of the power supply system does not need to carry out complex detection and calculation, so that the control structure composition of the power supply system is simplified, the probability of control errors is reduced, the power supply system can run normally for a long time under the condition of no human intervention, and the power supply system can be suitable for an unmanned scene; especially, when the power supply system of this embodiment is used in the above-mentioned fixed point data collection device, since the fixed point data collection device mainly works at a fixed position, and the change of the sunshine law at the fixed position is small in a short period, a preset time period can be set by predicting the sunshine duration and intensity, and the on/off of each switching device is controlled according to the preset time period, so that the purpose of supplying power to the functional load in different time periods can be realized by switching the power supply according to the preset time period, the power supply stability can be ensured as much as possible, and the 24-hour all-weather power consumption requirement of the functional load can be realized.
A preferable scheme is that the first time interval is from a first moment to a second moment, the second time interval is from the second moment to a third moment, and the third time interval is from the third moment to a fourth moment; the first moment is 6: 00-10: 00, the second moment is 9: 00-11: 00, the third moment is 15: 00-17: 00, the fourth moment is 16: 00-19: 00.
in a further aspect, the fourth time interval is from the fourth time to the fifth time, and the fifth time interval is from the fifth time to the sixth time.
Another preferred scheme is that a first switching device is connected between the solar cell and the direct current bus, the first switching device is in communication connection with the energy management controller, the first switching device is closed in a first time interval, a second time interval and a third time interval, and the first switching device is opened in a fourth time interval and a fifth time interval; and/or a third switching device is connected between the fuel cell and the direct current bus, the third switching device is in communication connection with the energy management controller, the third switching device is opened in the first period, the second period, the third period and the fourth period, and the third switching device is closed in the fifth period.
The invention aims to provide a power supply method which is beneficial to realizing switching power supply of each power supply and has a simple system structure.
In order to achieve the above object, the power supply method applied to the marine fixed-point data acquisition device provided by the invention comprises the following steps: the power utilization load comprises a functional load for executing data acquisition operation and a power load for driving the marine fixed-point data acquisition device to move, and the functional load and the power load are respectively connected to the direct current bus; a fourth switching device is arranged between the functional load and the direct current bus, and a fifth switching device is arranged between the power load and the direct current bus; and when the fourth switching device is closed and the fifth switching device is opened, controlling the power supply system according to the control method.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a system diagram of an embodiment of the power supply system of the present invention, in which the dashed lines represent the flow of control signals.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the power supply system, the fixed point data acquisition device and the control method thereof comprises the following steps:
the fixed point data acquisition device of this embodiment is applied to the data acquisition of ocean monitoring, and the fixed point data acquisition device includes the major structure and the power supply system of this embodiment, and for example the major structure of the fixed point data acquisition device of this embodiment is ship form.
The power supply system of the embodiment includes a power supply, an electric load, and an energy management controller 9, the power supply is connected to the electric load through a dc bus, the power supply includes a solar cell 1, a lithium cell 2 (a specific example of a rechargeable battery), and an air-cooled fuel cell 3 (a specific example of a fuel cell), the solar cell 1 is connected to the dc bus through a first step-up converter 4 and a first switching device K1, the lithium cell 2 is connected to the dc bus through a step-up and step-down converter 5 and a second switching device K2, and the air-cooled fuel cell 3 is connected to the dc bus through a second step-up converter 6 and a third switching device K3.
Specifically, the solar cell 1, the first boost converter 4, the first switching device K1 and the dc bus are connected in sequence; the lithium battery 2, the voltage boosting and reducing type converter 5, the second switching device K2 and the direct current bus are sequentially connected; the air-cooled fuel cell 3, the second boost converter 6, the third switching device K3, and the dc bus are connected in this order.
Specifically, each switching device in this embodiment is an isolation breaker, and of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the switching device may also be a relay.
The electric load comprises a functional load 7 for executing data collection operation and a power load 8 for driving the fixed point data collection device to move, the functional load 7 and the power load 8 are respectively connected to the direct current bus, a fourth switching device K4 is arranged between the functional load 7 and the direct current bus, and a fifth switching device K5 is arranged between the power load 8 and the direct current bus.
The functional load 7 includes a data acquisition system, a positioning system, and the like of the fixed-point data acquisition device.
The power load 8 is a power system of the fixed point data acquisition device.
Alternatively, in other embodiments of the present invention, when the voltage requirements of the power load 8 and the functional load 7 are different, a buck converter may be further added between the functional load 7 and the dc bus, or a boost converter may be further added between the power load 8 and the dc bus.
The air-cooled fuel cell 3, the first switching device K1, the second switching device K2, the third switching device K3, the fourth switching device K4 and the fifth switching device K5 are all connected in communication with the energy management controller 9.
The power supply system of the embodiment can realize the switching of multiple modes that the solar cell 1 supplies power for the electric load alone, the lithium battery 2 supplies power for the electric load alone, the air-cooled fuel cell 3 supplies power for the electric load alone, and the solar cell 1 supplies power for both the electric load and the lithium battery 2 by controlling the on/off of the first switching device K1, the second switching device K2 and the third switching device K3, and by controlling the on/off of the air-cooled fuel cell 3, and further can realize the purpose of supplying power at different time intervals, for example, each power supply can switch and supply power according to each preset time interval described below, so that the control of the power supply system does not need to carry out complicated detection and calculation, which is not only beneficial to simplifying the control structure composition of the power supply system, but also beneficial to reducing the probability of control errors, and beneficial to ensuring that the power supply system can normally operate for a long, the power supply system of the embodiment can be applied to an unmanned scene; especially, when the power supply system of this embodiment is used in the fixed-point data collecting device of this embodiment, since the fixed-point data collecting device mainly works at a fixed position, and the change of the sunshine law at the fixed position is small in a short period, a preset time period can be set by predicting the sunshine time and intensity, and the on/off of each switching device is controlled according to the preset time period, so that the purpose of supplying power to the functional load 7 in different time periods can be achieved by switching the power supply according to the preset time period, the power supply stability can be guaranteed as much as possible, and the 24-hour all-weather power demand of the functional load 7 can be.
Preferably, the solar battery 1, the lithium battery 2 and the air-cooled fuel battery 3 correspond to battery management modules respectively, and each battery management module is in communication connection with the energy management controller 9. Each power supply is monitored and protected through the battery management module, for example, the battery management module corresponding to the lithium battery 2 controls the lithium battery 2 to stop discharging when the lithium battery 2 is monitored to be overdischarged, and the energy management controller 9 can timely control the air-cooled fuel battery 3 to start power supply, and for example, the normal running state of the fixed-point data acquisition device can be ensured by monitoring the SOC state of the lithium battery 2 and the hydrogen surplus of the air-cooled fuel battery 3.
In order to improve the data acquisition efficiency and reduce the operation difficulty of an operator, the fixed point data acquisition device applied to the sea is often an unmanned device, and in order to further reduce the operation difficulty, the embodiment is provided with a power system and a positioning system on the fixed point data acquisition device, so that when the fixed point data acquisition device of the embodiment is used, a worker can release the fixed point data acquisition device on the shore and control the fixed point data acquisition device to autonomously travel to a preset target position for fixed point data acquisition operation, the data acquisition operation of a preset sea area can be completed without the sea of the operator, and the operation difficulty is further reduced.
Alternatively, in other embodiments of the present invention, the first switching device K1 may be eliminated, and the switching control of each power source is realized only by controlling the switches of the second switching device K2 and the third switching device K3, when the lithium battery 2 is powered on or the air-cooled fuel cell 3 is powered on, the solar battery 1 is still connected to the dc bus, and at this time, the solar battery 1 may be capable of generating a certain amount of electric energy under the weak light intensity, or may be in a state of stopping power generation; of course, it is preferable to adopt the scheme of the present embodiment in which the first switching device K1 is provided, so that it is possible to avoid the interference of the solar cell 1 on the power supply of the lithium battery 2 in the fourth period of time, and to avoid the interference of the solar cell 1 on the power supply of the air-cooled fuel cell 3 in the fifth period of time.
Optionally, in other embodiments of the present invention, the third switching device K3 may be eliminated, and the air-cooled fuel cell 3 can be switched by controlling the start and stop of the air-cooled fuel cell 3 itself, and of course, the technical solution of the present embodiment for providing the third switching device K3 is preferably adopted, which is more favorable for implementing the switching control of each power source, and the start and stop process of the fuel cell is not likely to interfere with the power supply of other power sources.
The operation mode of the fixed point data acquisition device comprises a traveling mode and a fixed point mode, wherein the traveling mode is a working mode of the fixed point data acquisition device in an outward process from a shore to a target position and a return process from the target position to the shore, and the fixed point mode is a working mode of the fixed point data acquisition device in a data acquisition operation performed at the target position.
When the fixed point data acquisition device operates in the fixed point mode, only the functional load 7 is powered, the power consumption is small at the moment, and the illumination time period and the intensity of the target position are stable, so that the functional load 7 is powered by switching power supplies according to preset time.
For example, with 8: 00-10: 00 is a preset first period, 10: 00-15: 00 is a preset second period, 15: 00-17: 00 is a preset third period, 17: 00-22: 00 is a preset fourth period, 22: 00-day 8: 00 is a preset fifth time period; the control method of the power supply system is set as follows: in the first time interval and the third time interval, the first switching device K1 is controlled to be closed, the second switching device K2 and the third switching device K3 are controlled to be opened, the air-cooled fuel cell 3 is in a shutdown state, and the solar cell 1 alone supplies power to the functional load 7; in a second time period, the first switching device K1 and the second switching device K2 are controlled to be closed, the third switching device K3 is switched off, the step-up and step-down converter 5 operates in a step-down mode from the direct-current bus to the lithium battery 2, the air-cooled fuel battery 3 is in a shutdown state, the solar battery 1 charges the rechargeable battery and supplies power to the functional load 7, and the rechargeable battery is in a charging mode; in the fourth time period, the first switching device K1 and the third switching device K3 are both opened, the second switching device K2 is closed, the step-up and step-down converter 5 operates in a step-up mode from the lithium battery 2 to the direct-current bus, the air-cooled fuel battery 3 is in a shutdown state, and the lithium battery 2 supplies power to the functional load 7; in the fifth time period, the first switching device K1 and the second switching device K2 are both opened, the third switching device K3 is closed, the air-cooled fuel cell 3 is in an open state, and the air-cooled fuel cell 3 supplies power to the functional load 7.
Alternatively, in other embodiments of the present invention, the specific time nodes of the above time periods may be adjusted according to the illumination intensity and the time period of the target location.
Alternatively, in other embodiments of the present invention, during the fourth period, the first switching device K1 may also be in the on state, and the functional load 7 is powered by the solar cell 1 and the lithium battery 2 together.
Optionally, in other embodiments of the present invention, the first time period, the second time period, the third time period, the fifth time period, and the fourth time period may be sequentially adjacent to each other, and it is preferable to adopt a scheme in which the first time period, the second time period, the third time period, the fourth time period, and the fifth time period are sequentially adjacent to each other in this embodiment, so that the electric quantity of the lithium battery 2 is conveniently used in time, and a large loss of the electric quantity during the placement of the lithium battery 2 is avoided.
Moreover, the functional load 7 of the fixed-point data acquisition device of the present embodiment performs data acquisition operation, which consumes relatively low power, so that the fixed-point data acquisition device of the present embodiment can be independently powered by the lithium battery 2, the air-cooled fuel cell 3 or the solar battery 1 when performing the fixed-point data acquisition operation, and the situation of insufficient power supply is avoided.
Before the fixed point data acquisition device goes out of the sea, the lithium battery 2 is in a full-power state, the hydrogen amount of the air-cooled fuel battery 3 is also in a full-power state, when the fixed point data acquisition device operates in a journey going process, the power load 8 is a main power load, the lithium battery 2 is firstly used for supplying power at the moment, and if the journey going process is far away, the lithium battery 2 can also be switched to supply power for the air-cooled fuel battery 3 after the power supply setting time.
The power supply method when the fixed point data acquisition device operates in the return process comprises the following steps: firstly, the hydrogen surplus of the air-cooled fuel cell 3 is obtained, if the hydrogen surplus of the air-cooled fuel cell 3 is higher than the preset surplus by 10%, the third switching device K3 is controlled to be closed, the first switching device K1 and the second switching device K2 are controlled to be disconnected, and the electricity utilization load is powered by the air-cooled fuel cell 3; if the hydrogen residual capacity of the air-cooled fuel cell 3 is less than 10% of the preset residual capacity, judging whether the SOC of the lithium battery 2 is greater than 50% of the preset capacity, and if so, adopting the lithium battery 2 to supply power for an electric load; otherwise, the first switching device K1 and the second switching device K2 are controlled to be closed, the third switching device K3, the fourth switching device K4 and the fifth switching device K5 are controlled to be opened, the step-up and step-down converter 5 operates in a step-down state from the direct current bus to the lithium battery 2, the solar battery 1 charges the lithium battery 2, the lithium battery 2 is started to supply power after the SOC of the lithium battery 2 is greater than 50% of the preset capacity, and then the power is returned according to the set path.
Optionally, in other embodiments of the present invention, the preset margin is not necessarily 10%, the preset capacity is also not necessarily 50%, and specific values of the preset margin and the preset capacity may be specifically set according to the target position of the fixed-point data acquisition device.
Of course, when the fixed point data acquisition device operates in the forward and backward processes, the functional load 7 does not generally perform data acquisition operation, and the functional load 7 performs navigation control on the power load 8.
The fixed point data acquisition device of this embodiment can finish the sea, fixed point data acquisition and return operation according to the preset time cycle, of course, each power in the fixed point data acquisition device may also break down, which in turn causes the normal operation to fail, therefore, when the fixed point data acquisition device performs the fixed point data acquisition operation, the energy management controller 9 of this embodiment monitors the hydrogen allowance of the air-cooled fuel cell 3 through the battery management module of the air-cooled fuel cell 3, so that the fixed point data acquisition device is advanced to return when the hydrogen allowance of the air-cooled fuel cell 3 is insufficient; and, can also monitor the output voltage of the solar battery 1 through the battery management module of the solar battery 1, in order to control the data acquisition device of the fixed point to return journey in advance under the unusual situation of output voltage of the solar battery 1, in order to control the data acquisition device of the fixed point to return in time under the situation that can't carry on the data acquisition operation normally, avoid appearing the data acquisition device of the fixed point and can't return the situation smoothly because of the energy deficiency, the fault judgement of the power supply system can be set up to be carried out by the battery management controller, can also convey to the operating personnel through the wireless communication module, judge whether the power supply system is faulted by the manual work.
Finally, it should be emphasized that the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention are merely examples of implementations, rather than limitations, and that many variations and modifications of the invention are possible to those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (11)
1. The power supply system comprises a power supply, an electric load and an energy management controller, wherein the power supply is connected with the electric load through a direct current bus, and comprises a solar battery and a rechargeable battery;
the method is characterized in that:
the power supply further comprises a fuel cell, the solar cell is connected with the direct-current bus through a first boost converter, the rechargeable cell is connected with the direct-current bus through a boost buck converter and a second switching device, and the fuel cell is connected with the direct-current bus through a second boost converter;
the fuel cell and the second switching device are both in communication with the energy management controller.
2. The power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the fuel cell is an air-cooled fuel cell.
3. The power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the solar battery is provided with a first battery management module which is in communication connection with the energy management controller; and/or
The rechargeable battery is provided with a second battery management module which is in communication connection with the energy management controller; and/or
The fuel cell has a third cell management module communicatively coupled to the energy management controller.
4. The power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that:
and a first switching device is connected between the solar cell and the direct current bus, the first switching device is in communication connection with the energy management controller, and/or a third switching device is connected between the fuel cell and the direct current bus, and the third switching device is in communication connection with the energy management controller.
5. Fixed point data acquisition device, its characterized in that:
comprising a power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. The fixed-point data acquisition apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that:
the power utilization load comprises a functional load for executing data acquisition operation and a power load for driving the fixed point data acquisition device to move, and the functional load and the power load are respectively connected to the direct current bus;
and a fourth switching device is arranged between the functional load and the direct current bus, and a fifth switching device is arranged between the power load and the direct current bus.
7. Control method applied to a power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the method comprises:
in a first time interval and a third time interval, the second switching device is switched off, the fuel cell is switched off, and the solar cell supplies power to the electric load;
in a second time period, the second switching device is closed, the fuel cell is turned off, the solar cell supplies power to the electric load, and the solar cell charges the rechargeable battery;
in a fourth time period, the second switching device is closed, the fuel cell is shut down, and the rechargeable battery supplies power to the electric load;
during a fifth time period, the second switching device is turned off, the fuel cell is turned on, and the fuel cell supplies power to the electric load;
the first time period, the second time period, the third time period, the fourth time period and the fifth time period are pre-defined according to illumination intensity, and the sum of the first time period, the second time period, the third time period, the fourth time period and the fifth time period is less than or equal to 24 hours.
8. The control method according to claim 7, characterized in that:
the first time interval is from a first moment to a second moment, the second time interval is from the second moment to a third moment, and the third time interval is from the third moment to a fourth moment;
the first moment is 6: 00-10: 00, the second time is 9: 00-11: 00, the third time is 15: 00-17: 00, the fourth time is 16: 00-19: 00.
9. the control method according to claim 8, characterized in that:
the fourth time period is from the fourth moment to a fifth moment, and the fifth time period is from the fifth moment to a sixth moment.
10. The control method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that:
a first switching device is connected between the solar cell and the direct current bus, the first switching device is in communication connection with the energy management controller, the first switching device is closed in the first time period, the second time period and the third time period, and the first switching device is opened in the fourth time period and the fifth time period; and/or
And a third switching device is connected between the fuel cell and the direct current bus, is in communication connection with the energy management controller, is opened during the first time period, the second time period, the third time period and the fourth time period, and is closed during the fifth time period.
11. The power supply method applied to the marine fixed-point data acquisition device is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the power utilization load comprises a functional load for executing data acquisition operation and a power load for driving the offshore fixed-point data acquisition device to move, and the functional load and the power load are respectively connected to the direct current bus;
a fourth switching device is arranged between the functional load and the direct current bus, and a fifth switching device is arranged between the power load and the direct current bus;
controlling the power supply system according to the control method of any one of claims 7 to 10 when the fourth switching device is closed and the fifth switching device is open.
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