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CN107571817B - Vehicle-mounted composite power supply system - Google Patents

Vehicle-mounted composite power supply system Download PDF

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CN107571817B
CN107571817B CN201710373764.9A CN201710373764A CN107571817B CN 107571817 B CN107571817 B CN 107571817B CN 201710373764 A CN201710373764 A CN 201710373764A CN 107571817 B CN107571817 B CN 107571817B
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power
converter
load
power supply
battery pack
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CN107571817A (en
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颜运昌
文桂林
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Hunan University
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Abstract

本发明提供的车载复合电源系统,包括太阳能电池组、汽油或柴油发电机组、蓄电池组、超级电容组、交流‑直流变换器、双向直流‑直流变换器、交流供电端口、直流供电端口和智能管理控制器。复合电源充分利用超级电容的快充特性,用车载发电机、太阳能电池组对超级电容进行快速储能,同时通过双向直流‑直流装置对蓄电池组进行充电,岸电和汽油或柴油发电机组通过交流‑直流装置对蓄电池组进行充电。复合电源系统可以利用岸电、汽油或柴油发电机组、车载直流发电机、太阳能电池组为外部负载直接提供交流电源和直流电源,当其它能源全部不提供时,可以用蓄电池组为外部负载提供交流和直流电源。

Figure 201710373764

The vehicle-mounted composite power supply system provided by the present invention includes a solar battery pack, a gasoline or diesel generator set, a battery pack, a super capacitor pack, an AC-DC converter, a bidirectional DC-DC converter, an AC power supply port, a DC power supply port, and intelligent management controller. The composite power supply makes full use of the fast charging characteristics of supercapacitors, uses on-board generators and solar battery packs to quickly store energy in supercapacitors, and simultaneously charges the battery packs through bidirectional DC-DC devices. Shore power and gasoline or diesel generator sets pass through AC ‑ The DC unit charges the battery pack. The composite power system can use shore power, gasoline or diesel generator sets, on-board DC generators, and solar battery packs to directly provide AC power and DC power for external loads. When all other energy sources are not available, battery packs can be used to provide AC power for external loads. and DC power.

Figure 201710373764

Description

Vehicle-mounted composite power supply system
Technical Field
The present invention relates generally to the field of electrical applications for vehicles, and more particularly to electrical assembly systems for motor homes and power vehicles.
Background
At present, most of electric power provided by power supply systems of motor homes and power supply vehicles to electric equipment is provided by gasoline or diesel generators, or is guaranteed by power provided by camps (bases), and storage batteries are used as energy storage devices. When the energy storage device of the power supply system is used up, the storage battery needs to be supplemented and charged in time to supply electric energy and store the energy again. Due to the inherent charge-discharge characteristic limitation of the storage battery, a power supply system based on the storage battery cannot meet the use requirement for realizing instantaneous high-power output and rapid energy storage. Therefore, how to rapidly supplement electric energy from various ways and provide instantaneous high-power electric energy supply for electrical equipment is a technical problem which needs to be solved by the electric system of the motor home and the electric assembly of the power supply vehicle.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a vehicle-mounted composite power supply system capable of using various energy sources, which is used for solving the problem of electric energy guarantee of various power sources for access and quick charging and discharging of the system in energy storage and supply of motor homes and power vehicles. In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the vehicle-mounted composite power supply system comprises a solar battery pack, a gasoline/diesel generator, a vehicle-mounted generator, a shore power multi-electric energy supply interface, an alternating current output port, a direct current output port, an alternating current-direct current converter, a bidirectional direct current-direct current converter, an intelligent controller, a touch liquid crystal display screen and voltage and current sensors;
the bidirectional DC-DC converter is used for bidirectional conversion of high-voltage DC and low-voltage DC, and the conversion direction of the bidirectional DC-DC converter is controlled by the intelligent controller according to the working state and the load requirement of the system;
the alternating current-direct current converter is used for mutual conversion of alternating current and direct current, when the fuel oil generator works or is in shore electrical connection, the converter provides electric energy for an external alternating current load, and the electric energy is converted into direct current to charge the storage battery pack; the electric energy stored in the storage battery can be converted into alternating current to make up for corresponding power shortage when the power consumption of the alternating current load is large and the power of the shore power or fuel generator is insufficient;
the solar battery pack is connected to the super capacitor pack and the low-voltage end of the bidirectional direct current-direct current converter through the controller, is used for charging the super capacitor pack and supplying direct current load electric energy by using solar energy when a motor home or a power supply vehicle runs or parks, and is used for charging the storage battery pack through the bidirectional direct current-direct current converter;
the gasoline or diesel generator is used for providing power for an alternating current load when the motor home or the power supply vehicle runs or parks; the redundant power is used for charging the storage battery pack through the alternating current-direct current converter, and also used for charging the super capacitor pack and supplying power for a direct current load through the bidirectional direct current-direct current converter;
the vehicle-mounted generator and the isolator are direct-current generators of the vehicle, and redundant power of the generator is utilized to charge the super capacitor bank of the system through the isolator and supply power to a direct-current load.
The super capacitor bank is used for quickly storing energy and stabilizing the input and the output of a direct current power supply during external power supply, and when a direct current load needs to provide a larger peak current, the influence of a large load current on other direct current loads is reduced;
the storage battery pack is a series battery pack capable of deep discharging and is used for providing electric energy for the motor home and the power supply vehicle when the fuel generator does not work and no shore power is accessed, and simultaneously supplementing the power shortage required by the load when the fuel generator works or the shore power is accessed but the accessed power is insufficient;
the storage mode adopts a storage battery pack and a super capacitor pack, utilizes clean energy and the output of a vehicle-mounted generator to the maximum extent, respectively provides an alternating current power supply and a direct current power supply for an alternating current load and a direct current load on a vehicle, and supplies power according to the difference between a key load and a non-key load. Meanwhile, the generator is replaced under the condition of shore power supply, and the storage battery pack can also be used for supplementing the power shortage part of the shore power or fuel generator, so that the problem of power supply of the motor home and the power supply vehicle is well solved.
The intelligent controller, the touch liquid crystal display and the voltage and current sensor are used for detecting and displaying parameters such as voltage, current and temperature of each part of the power supply, converting and controlling the working state of the power supply according to the set parameters, and completing the electric energy supply to an alternating current load, the charge and discharge control of a storage battery pack, the charge and discharge management of a super capacitor bank, the working mode control of an alternating current-direct current converter, the mode and energy flow direction control of a bidirectional direct current-direct current converter, the start and stop control of a fuel generator and the protective detection and control of a power supply system; the touch liquid crystal screen provides real-time display of operation data, display of power supply state and control parameter input of a power supply system.
The alternating current output interface comprises a critical load output interface and a non-critical load output interface, the critical output interface can provide uninterrupted electric energy for the alternating current load on the premise that the storage battery pack has enough energy reserve no matter whether an external power supply is connected, and the non-critical load interface provides electric energy for the alternating current load only under the condition that the fuel oil generator works or shore power is connected.
Compared with the prior art of the power supply system, the invention has the following advantages:
the vehicle-mounted composite power supply system of the invention is composed of various electric energy inputs and various energy storage elements to form an electric energy supply system of a motor home and a power supply vehicle, after the solar battery pack, the fuel generator and the vehicle-mounted direct current generator are used up, the system supplies uninterrupted power supply for recharging and ensuring alternating current and direct current electrical equipment and power supply on the motor home and alternating current and direct current loads of the motor home, adopts the solar battery pack and the vehicle-mounted direct current generator for supplying power, fully exerts the efficiency of the vehicle-mounted generator, achieves the effects of environmental protection and improving the utilization efficiency of energy, meanwhile, the super capacitor bank is used as an energy storage device, so that the rapid energy storage of the system and the large-current output capacity are realized, the charge-discharge cycle efficiency of the system is effectively improved, and the service life of the system is greatly prolonged as the capacitor discharge is a physical process.
The intelligent controller with the touch liquid crystal screen is arranged, so that the running parameters can be conveniently browsed, the running state of the system can be known in real time, various parameters of the composite power supply can be monitored, the safe running of the system can be guaranteed, and the intellectualization of power supply system management can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle hybrid power supply system;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the hybrid power supply module.
Detailed Description
The vehicle-mounted hybrid power supply system is used for supplying power to an alternating current/direct current load of a motor home or serving as an electrical system of a power supply vehicle, and is shown in figure 1. The power supply system includes:
the system comprises a solar battery pack 1, a controller 3, a vehicle-mounted direct current generator 2, an isolator 4, a bidirectional direct current-direct current converter 8, a super capacitor bank 9, a storage battery pack 10, an alternating current-direct current converter 12, a gasoline/diesel generator 15, shore power alternating current 16, an intelligent management controller 11, a touch liquid crystal screen 7, a direct current output interface 5, a key alternating current output interface 13, a key 220V alternating current load 14, a non-key alternating current output interface 17 and a non-key alternating current load output interface 18.
The solar battery pack 1 is connected to a low-voltage direct-current bus through a controller 3, the vehicle-mounted direct-current generator 2 is connected to the low-voltage direct-current bus through an isolator 4, a low-voltage end of the bidirectional direct-current-direct-current converter 8 and the super capacitor bank 9 are connected to the low-voltage bus, a direct output interface is connected to the low-voltage direct-current bus, and the nominal voltage of the low-voltage bus is 12V or 24V during specific implementation.
The high-voltage end of the bidirectional DC-DC converter 8 is connected with a high-voltage DC bus, the DC end of the AC-DC conversion device 12 is connected with a high-voltage DC bus, and the high-voltage DC bus is connected with a storage battery pack, and during specific implementation, the nominal voltage of the high-voltage DC bus is 36V or 48V.
The gasoline/diesel generator 15 and the shore power ac 16 are directly connected to the ac-dc converter 12 through different connection ports, respectively.
The AC-DC converter 12 has two independent AC output terminals, the AC output interface 13 is connected to one AC output terminal of the AC-DC converter 12, the AC output interface 17 is connected to the other AC output terminal of the AC-DC converter 12, the key 220V AC load 14 is connected to the AC output interface 13, and the non-key 220V AC load is connected to the AC output interface 17.
The critical 220V ac loads 14 include those loads that require the system to provide ac power when the petrol/diesel generator 15 is not operating and when the shore a.c. 16 is not engaged.
The non-critical 220V ac loads 18 include those that provide ac power when the gasoline/diesel generator 15 is operating or when the shore a.c. 16 is on.
The direct current load 6 is used for supplying power to appliances such as lamps, satellite receivers, security systems of motor homes, video systems and other small household appliances.
The intelligent controller 11 and the touch liquid crystal screen 7 are used for monitoring and supervising the system, controlling the working mode of the component according to the energy supply condition of each part of the system and the energy storage condition of the energy storage component of the system, and deciding the flow direction of the energy.
In this embodiment, the bidirectional DC-DC converter 8 adopts two all-digital bidirectional DC-DC converters of shenzhen qing science and technology company, of which the model is DC30DC150P3KW, connected in parallel, and the bidirectional DC-DC converter 8 adopts a soft switching technology to complete the mutual conversion of the high-voltage DC of 36V or 48V and the frequent energy of the low-voltage DC of 12V. The two dc-dc converters 8 are interconnected and run synchronously by a dedicated communication bus. The bidirectional DC-DC converter 8 is connected with the intelligent controller 11 by an RS485 bus, and the working mode of the bidirectional DC-DC converter 8 is selected by the intelligent controller according to the running state of the system. When the bidirectional DC-DC converter 8 supplies power to the DC load 6 and the super capacitor bank 9, the bidirectional DC-DC converter works in a low-voltage end (12V) constant-voltage mode to maintain the stability of the output voltage of the low-voltage end; when the bidirectional dc-dc converter 8 supplies power to the battery pack 10, the intelligent controller 11 switches the operation mode of the bidirectional dc-dc converter 8 to a high-voltage (36V or 48V) constant-voltage mode to maintain the stability of the high-voltage output. When the power supply vehicle is used as a power supply vehicle, a short-time high-voltage MPPT input mode is also provided, the bidirectional direct current-direct current converter 8 automatically tracks the voltage and the input current of the high-voltage input side, and automatically adjusts the circuit parameters of the input side to extract the maximum power, convert the maximum power and output the maximum power to the low-voltage side, so that the maximum power guarantee is provided for the power consumption of the low-voltage side.
In this embodiment, in order to fully utilize the space of the motor home or the power supply vehicle and facilitate the individual maintenance and replacement of the components of the hybrid power supply, the hybrid power supply adopts a modular structure (as shown in fig. 2):
a module I: the solar energy battery pack module is composed of a super capacitor group 9, a bidirectional direct current-direct current converter 8, a direct current output interface 5, a controller 3 of a solar battery pack 1 and an isolator 4 in a composite power supply, and is mainly characterized by input and output of a low-voltage direct current part;
and a module II: the intelligent management system is composed of a storage battery pack 10, a touch screen 7 and an intelligent management controller 11. The storage battery adopts 4 12V200Ah batteries, the storage battery pack 10 is connected with the bidirectional DC-DC converter 8 and the AC-DC converter 12 through a DC bus, the touch screen 7 is positioned on the front panel of the module, and a key switch is arranged on the panel to control whether the whole system is put into operation or not;
an alternating current-direct current converter 12, a shore power alternating current 16, a key alternating current output interface 13 and a non-key alternating current output interface 17 in a module III composite power supply are a module, the module mainly takes input and output of alternating current energy as main parts and adopts a shell with shielding property in order to prevent electromagnetic radiation generated by alternating current from generating interference on electric equipment for a motor home;
and a module IV: the gasoline/diesel generator 15 is an independent module, is arranged on a frame with a heavy slide rail, is convenient for operation during use, waste gas emission during working and daily equipment maintenance, is connected with the module III through an alternating current bus, is controlled by the intelligent management controller 11, and is automatically started by the intelligent management controller 11 according to the power utilization condition and the power storage condition of the compound power supply.
The vehicle-mounted composite power supply system realizes the following power supply modes:
1. when shore power is connected, shore power alternating current 16 supplies power to a key 220V alternating current load 14 through an alternating current-direct current converter 12 and a key alternating current output interface 13, and supplies power to a non-key 220V alternating current load interface 18 through a non-key alternating current output interface 17, and when shore power is insufficient, the electric energy stored in the storage battery pack 10 can supply the shortage part for the two types of loads through the alternating current-direct current converter 12.
2. When the gasoline/diesel generator works, the alternating current of the generator supplies power to a key 220V alternating current load 14 through an alternating current-direct current converter 12 and a key alternating current output interface 13, and simultaneously supplies power to a non-key 220V alternating current load 18 through a non-key alternating current output interface 17, and when the shore power is insufficient, the electric energy stored in the storage battery pack 10 can supply the shortage part for the two types of loads through the alternating current-direct current converter 12. The gasoline/diesel generator can work no matter the motor home or the power supply vehicle is in a driving state or a parking state.
3. When shore power alternating current 16 or a gasoline/diesel generator works, when the electric energy supplied to the key 220V alternating current load 14 and the non-key 220V alternating current load 18 still has surplus, the surplus part is converted into high-voltage direct current through the alternating current-direct current converter 12 to charge the storage battery pack 10, meanwhile, the electric energy of the high-voltage direct current bus also charges the super capacitor bank 9 through the bidirectional direct current-direct current converter 8, and supplies direct current to the direct current load 6 through the direct current output interface 5.
4. When the vehicle is in a driving state, redundant electric energy of the vehicle-mounted direct current generator 2 provides electric energy for the low-voltage direct current bus through the isolator 4, and the electric energy charges the super capacitor bank 9, supplies power for the direct current load 6 through the direct current output interface 5 and also charges the storage battery bank through the bidirectional direct current-direct current converter 8.
5. The solar battery 1 supplies electrical energy to the low voltage dc bus via the controller 3, which in addition to charging the supercapacitor bank 9 and supplying the dc load 6 via the dc output interface 5, also charges the battery bank via the bidirectional dc-dc converter 8.
6. When no shore power alternating current and fuel generator do not work, the electric energy stored by the storage battery pack 10 provides alternating current for key 220V alternating current loads through the alternating current-direct current converter 12 and the alternating current output interface 13.
7. When the vehicle-mounted direct current generator 2 does not work and the solar battery pack 1 cannot provide electric energy, the super capacitor pack 9 supplies power to the direct current load 6 through the direct current output interface 5, and meanwhile, the bidirectional direct current-direct current converter 8 converts high-voltage direct current of the storage battery pack into low-voltage direct current to supplement electric energy for the voltage direct current bus.
8. The vehicle-mounted composite power supply system is provided with an intelligent management controller 11, the electricity storage states of a storage battery pack 10 and a super capacitor 9 are monitored in real time, a charging mode is timely switched until charging is stopped when the electricity storage is met, power supply is timely stopped in a discharging process to protect an electricity storage device, a touch liquid crystal screen 7 displays operation parameters of all parts in real time, soft keys for operation are provided on the touch liquid crystal screen 7, and functions of starting, operation, parameter setting and the like of the experimental power supply system are operated by clicking.
Finally, the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, and modifications or equivalent substitutions to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention should be included in the claims of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1.车载复合电源系统,其特征在于,包括岸电交流和汽油或柴油发电机组、太阳能电池组、交流-直流变换器、双向直流-直流变换器、超级电容组、蓄电池组,岸电和汽油或柴油发电机组的输入通过强电接口接入,弱电供电端口接入超级电容组和双向直流-直流变换器的低压端,交流-直流变换器可以直接给交流供电和通过交流-直流变换器为蓄电池充电,所述太阳能电池组通过控制器接入超级电容组和双向直流-直流变换器的低压端,用于房车或电源车在行驶或驻车时利用太阳能为超级电容器组进行充电和供给直流负载电能,并通过双向直流-直流变换器的高压端为蓄电池组进行充电;车载直流发电机的输出通过隔离器接入超级电容组和双向直流-直流变换器的低压端,直接为超级电容组进行快速充电和供给直流负载电能,同时由双向直流-直流变换器的高压端为蓄电池组进行充电;当车载直流发电机不工作、太阳能电池组不能提供电能时,所述的超级电容组通过直流输出接口向直流负载供电,超级电容组用于外部供电时的快速储能和平稳直流电源的输入和输出,在直流负载需要提供较大的峰值电流时,减小大负载电流对其它直流负载的影响;当没有岸电和汽油或柴油发电机组不工作时,蓄电池组通过交流-直流变换装置供给交流电,通过直流-直流变换装置供给直流电源。1. Vehicle-mounted composite power supply system is characterized in that, comprising shore power alternating current and gasoline or diesel generator set, solar battery pack, AC-DC converter, bidirectional DC-DC converter, super capacitor bank, battery pack, shore power and gasoline Or the input of the diesel generator set is connected through the strong current interface, and the weak current power supply port is connected to the low voltage end of the super capacitor bank and the bidirectional DC-DC converter. The AC-DC converter can directly supply AC power and pass the AC-DC converter for The battery is charged, and the solar battery pack is connected to the low-voltage end of the supercapacitor pack and the bidirectional DC-DC converter through the controller, and is used for the RV or power supply vehicle to use solar energy to charge the supercapacitor pack and supply DC when driving or parking. Load electric energy, and charge the battery pack through the high-voltage end of the bidirectional DC-DC converter; the output of the on-board DC generator is connected to the supercapacitor bank and the low-voltage end of the bidirectional DC-DC converter through the isolator, and is directly the supercapacitor bank. Perform fast charging and supply DC load power, and at the same time, the high-voltage end of the bidirectional DC-DC converter charges the battery pack; when the on-board DC generator does not work and the solar battery pack cannot provide power, the supercapacitor pack passes the DC The output interface supplies power to the DC load, and the supercapacitor bank is used for fast energy storage and stable DC power input and output during external power supply. When the DC load needs to provide a large peak current, it reduces the impact of the large load current on other DC loads. Influence; when there is no shore power and the gasoline or diesel generator set is not working, the battery pack supplies AC power through the AC-DC conversion device, and supplies DC power through the DC-DC conversion device. 2.如权利要求1所述的车载复合电源系统,其特征在于,还包括智能控制模块和触摸液晶屏人机交互界面,车载复合电源系统中的双向直流-直流变换器、交流-直流变换器、太阳能电池组控制器均与智能控制模块相连,智能控制模块根据工况需求和外部能源供应情况及蓄电池的储电情况控制相应的变换装置工作,触摸液晶屏提供车载复合电源的状态及数据显示,接受控制操作指令。2. The vehicle-mounted composite power supply system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, further comprising an intelligent control module and a touch LCD screen man-machine interface, a bidirectional DC-DC converter, an AC-DC converter in the vehicle-mounted composite power supply system 、Solar battery pack controllers are all connected with the intelligent control module. The intelligent control module controls the corresponding conversion device to work according to the working conditions, external energy supply and battery storage. The touch LCD screen provides the status and data display of the vehicle composite power supply. , to accept the control operation command. 3.如权利要求1所述的车载复合电源系统,其特征在于,系统中包括传感器分别监测各部分的电压、电流和功率、电池组的储电情况;智能控制模块可以设定相关的运行参数,系统根据外部电源和电池组的储电状态控制汽油或柴油发电机组工作,控制双向直流-直流变换器的电能变换方向和工作模式;在蓄电池组和\或超级电容器组电压达到设定的上限时,停止对相关的储电部件充电。3. The vehicle-mounted composite power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the system includes sensors to monitor the voltage, current and power of each part, and the power storage condition of the battery pack respectively; the intelligent control module can set relevant operating parameters , the system controls the operation of the gasoline or diesel generator set according to the power storage state of the external power supply and the battery pack, and controls the power conversion direction and working mode of the bidirectional DC-DC converter; For a limited time, stop charging the relevant power storage components. 4.如权利要求1所述的车载复合电源系统,其特征在于,系统的交流输出端口分为关键负载输出端口和非关键负载输出端口,智能控制器根据外部电源供应情况控制非关键负载输出端口是否输出电能,而关键负载输出端口只要蓄电池组具备输出能力就连续输出电能,确保车载重要设备的安全使用。4. The vehicle-mounted composite power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the AC output port of the system is divided into a critical load output port and a non-critical load output port, and the intelligent controller controls the non-critical load output port according to the external power supply situation Whether to output electric energy, and the key load output port will continuously output electric energy as long as the battery pack has the output capability to ensure the safe use of important on-board equipment. 5.一种采用如权利要求1-4中任一项所述系统的运行方法,所述系统采用如下操作步骤:5. A method of operation using the system according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the system adopts the following operation steps: 1)在有岸电交流连接时,岸电交流通过交流-直流变换器、交流输出接口给关键220V交流负载供电,同时通过交流输出接口给非关键220V交流负载供电,当岸电的功率不够时,蓄电池组储存的电能可以通过交流-直流变换器为关键220V交流负载和非关键220V交流负载供应缺额部分;1) When there is a shore power AC connection, the shore power AC supplies power to the critical 220V AC load through the AC-DC converter and the AC output interface, and supplies power to the non-critical 220V AC load through the AC output interface. When the power of the shore power is insufficient , the electric energy stored in the battery pack can supply the shortfall part for the critical 220V AC load and the non-critical 220V AC load through the AC-DC converter; 2)在汽/柴油发电机工作时,发电机的交流电通过交流-直流变换器、交流输出接口给关键220V交流负载供电,同时通过交流输出接口给非关键220V交流负载供电,当汽/柴油发电机的交流功率不够时,蓄电池组储存的电能可以通过交流-直流变换器为关键220V交流负载和非关键220V交流负载供应缺额部分,汽/柴油发电机无论房车或电源车处于行车还是驻车状态均可以工作。2) When the gasoline/diesel generator is working, the AC power of the generator supplies power to the critical 220V AC load through the AC-DC converter and the AC output interface, and simultaneously supplies power to the non-critical 220V AC load through the AC output interface. When the AC power of the generator is not enough, the electrical energy stored in the battery pack can supply the shortfall part for the critical 220V AC load and non-critical 220V AC load through the AC-DC converter. can work.
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