Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a vehicle-mounted composite power supply system capable of using various energy sources, which is used for solving the problem of electric energy guarantee of various power sources for access and quick charging and discharging of the system in energy storage and supply of motor homes and power vehicles. In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the vehicle-mounted composite power supply system comprises a solar battery pack, a gasoline/diesel generator, a vehicle-mounted generator, a shore power multi-electric energy supply interface, an alternating current output port, a direct current output port, an alternating current-direct current converter, a bidirectional direct current-direct current converter, an intelligent controller, a touch liquid crystal display screen and voltage and current sensors;
the bidirectional DC-DC converter is used for bidirectional conversion of high-voltage DC and low-voltage DC, and the conversion direction of the bidirectional DC-DC converter is controlled by the intelligent controller according to the working state and the load requirement of the system;
the alternating current-direct current converter is used for mutual conversion of alternating current and direct current, when the fuel oil generator works or is in shore electrical connection, the converter provides electric energy for an external alternating current load, and the electric energy is converted into direct current to charge the storage battery pack; the electric energy stored in the storage battery can be converted into alternating current to make up for corresponding power shortage when the power consumption of the alternating current load is large and the power of the shore power or fuel generator is insufficient;
the solar battery pack is connected to the super capacitor pack and the low-voltage end of the bidirectional direct current-direct current converter through the controller, is used for charging the super capacitor pack and supplying direct current load electric energy by using solar energy when a motor home or a power supply vehicle runs or parks, and is used for charging the storage battery pack through the bidirectional direct current-direct current converter;
the gasoline or diesel generator is used for providing power for an alternating current load when the motor home or the power supply vehicle runs or parks; the redundant power is used for charging the storage battery pack through the alternating current-direct current converter, and also used for charging the super capacitor pack and supplying power for a direct current load through the bidirectional direct current-direct current converter;
the vehicle-mounted generator and the isolator are direct-current generators of the vehicle, and redundant power of the generator is utilized to charge the super capacitor bank of the system through the isolator and supply power to a direct-current load.
The super capacitor bank is used for quickly storing energy and stabilizing the input and the output of a direct current power supply during external power supply, and when a direct current load needs to provide a larger peak current, the influence of a large load current on other direct current loads is reduced;
the storage battery pack is a series battery pack capable of deep discharging and is used for providing electric energy for the motor home and the power supply vehicle when the fuel generator does not work and no shore power is accessed, and simultaneously supplementing the power shortage required by the load when the fuel generator works or the shore power is accessed but the accessed power is insufficient;
the storage mode adopts a storage battery pack and a super capacitor pack, utilizes clean energy and the output of a vehicle-mounted generator to the maximum extent, respectively provides an alternating current power supply and a direct current power supply for an alternating current load and a direct current load on a vehicle, and supplies power according to the difference between a key load and a non-key load. Meanwhile, the generator is replaced under the condition of shore power supply, and the storage battery pack can also be used for supplementing the power shortage part of the shore power or fuel generator, so that the problem of power supply of the motor home and the power supply vehicle is well solved.
The intelligent controller, the touch liquid crystal display and the voltage and current sensor are used for detecting and displaying parameters such as voltage, current and temperature of each part of the power supply, converting and controlling the working state of the power supply according to the set parameters, and completing the electric energy supply to an alternating current load, the charge and discharge control of a storage battery pack, the charge and discharge management of a super capacitor bank, the working mode control of an alternating current-direct current converter, the mode and energy flow direction control of a bidirectional direct current-direct current converter, the start and stop control of a fuel generator and the protective detection and control of a power supply system; the touch liquid crystal screen provides real-time display of operation data, display of power supply state and control parameter input of a power supply system.
The alternating current output interface comprises a critical load output interface and a non-critical load output interface, the critical output interface can provide uninterrupted electric energy for the alternating current load on the premise that the storage battery pack has enough energy reserve no matter whether an external power supply is connected, and the non-critical load interface provides electric energy for the alternating current load only under the condition that the fuel oil generator works or shore power is connected.
Compared with the prior art of the power supply system, the invention has the following advantages:
the vehicle-mounted composite power supply system of the invention is composed of various electric energy inputs and various energy storage elements to form an electric energy supply system of a motor home and a power supply vehicle, after the solar battery pack, the fuel generator and the vehicle-mounted direct current generator are used up, the system supplies uninterrupted power supply for recharging and ensuring alternating current and direct current electrical equipment and power supply on the motor home and alternating current and direct current loads of the motor home, adopts the solar battery pack and the vehicle-mounted direct current generator for supplying power, fully exerts the efficiency of the vehicle-mounted generator, achieves the effects of environmental protection and improving the utilization efficiency of energy, meanwhile, the super capacitor bank is used as an energy storage device, so that the rapid energy storage of the system and the large-current output capacity are realized, the charge-discharge cycle efficiency of the system is effectively improved, and the service life of the system is greatly prolonged as the capacitor discharge is a physical process.
The intelligent controller with the touch liquid crystal screen is arranged, so that the running parameters can be conveniently browsed, the running state of the system can be known in real time, various parameters of the composite power supply can be monitored, the safe running of the system can be guaranteed, and the intellectualization of power supply system management can be realized.
Detailed Description
The vehicle-mounted hybrid power supply system is used for supplying power to an alternating current/direct current load of a motor home or serving as an electrical system of a power supply vehicle, and is shown in figure 1. The power supply system includes:
the system comprises a solar battery pack 1, a controller 3, a vehicle-mounted direct current generator 2, an isolator 4, a bidirectional direct current-direct current converter 8, a super capacitor bank 9, a storage battery pack 10, an alternating current-direct current converter 12, a gasoline/diesel generator 15, shore power alternating current 16, an intelligent management controller 11, a touch liquid crystal screen 7, a direct current output interface 5, a key alternating current output interface 13, a key 220V alternating current load 14, a non-key alternating current output interface 17 and a non-key alternating current load output interface 18.
The solar battery pack 1 is connected to a low-voltage direct-current bus through a controller 3, the vehicle-mounted direct-current generator 2 is connected to the low-voltage direct-current bus through an isolator 4, a low-voltage end of the bidirectional direct-current-direct-current converter 8 and the super capacitor bank 9 are connected to the low-voltage bus, a direct output interface is connected to the low-voltage direct-current bus, and the nominal voltage of the low-voltage bus is 12V or 24V during specific implementation.
The high-voltage end of the bidirectional DC-DC converter 8 is connected with a high-voltage DC bus, the DC end of the AC-DC conversion device 12 is connected with a high-voltage DC bus, and the high-voltage DC bus is connected with a storage battery pack, and during specific implementation, the nominal voltage of the high-voltage DC bus is 36V or 48V.
The gasoline/diesel generator 15 and the shore power ac 16 are directly connected to the ac-dc converter 12 through different connection ports, respectively.
The AC-DC converter 12 has two independent AC output terminals, the AC output interface 13 is connected to one AC output terminal of the AC-DC converter 12, the AC output interface 17 is connected to the other AC output terminal of the AC-DC converter 12, the key 220V AC load 14 is connected to the AC output interface 13, and the non-key 220V AC load is connected to the AC output interface 17.
The critical 220V ac loads 14 include those loads that require the system to provide ac power when the petrol/diesel generator 15 is not operating and when the shore a.c. 16 is not engaged.
The non-critical 220V ac loads 18 include those that provide ac power when the gasoline/diesel generator 15 is operating or when the shore a.c. 16 is on.
The direct current load 6 is used for supplying power to appliances such as lamps, satellite receivers, security systems of motor homes, video systems and other small household appliances.
The intelligent controller 11 and the touch liquid crystal screen 7 are used for monitoring and supervising the system, controlling the working mode of the component according to the energy supply condition of each part of the system and the energy storage condition of the energy storage component of the system, and deciding the flow direction of the energy.
In this embodiment, the bidirectional DC-DC converter 8 adopts two all-digital bidirectional DC-DC converters of shenzhen qing science and technology company, of which the model is DC30DC150P3KW, connected in parallel, and the bidirectional DC-DC converter 8 adopts a soft switching technology to complete the mutual conversion of the high-voltage DC of 36V or 48V and the frequent energy of the low-voltage DC of 12V. The two dc-dc converters 8 are interconnected and run synchronously by a dedicated communication bus. The bidirectional DC-DC converter 8 is connected with the intelligent controller 11 by an RS485 bus, and the working mode of the bidirectional DC-DC converter 8 is selected by the intelligent controller according to the running state of the system. When the bidirectional DC-DC converter 8 supplies power to the DC load 6 and the super capacitor bank 9, the bidirectional DC-DC converter works in a low-voltage end (12V) constant-voltage mode to maintain the stability of the output voltage of the low-voltage end; when the bidirectional dc-dc converter 8 supplies power to the battery pack 10, the intelligent controller 11 switches the operation mode of the bidirectional dc-dc converter 8 to a high-voltage (36V or 48V) constant-voltage mode to maintain the stability of the high-voltage output. When the power supply vehicle is used as a power supply vehicle, a short-time high-voltage MPPT input mode is also provided, the bidirectional direct current-direct current converter 8 automatically tracks the voltage and the input current of the high-voltage input side, and automatically adjusts the circuit parameters of the input side to extract the maximum power, convert the maximum power and output the maximum power to the low-voltage side, so that the maximum power guarantee is provided for the power consumption of the low-voltage side.
In this embodiment, in order to fully utilize the space of the motor home or the power supply vehicle and facilitate the individual maintenance and replacement of the components of the hybrid power supply, the hybrid power supply adopts a modular structure (as shown in fig. 2):
a module I: the solar energy battery pack module is composed of a super capacitor group 9, a bidirectional direct current-direct current converter 8, a direct current output interface 5, a controller 3 of a solar battery pack 1 and an isolator 4 in a composite power supply, and is mainly characterized by input and output of a low-voltage direct current part;
and a module II: the intelligent management system is composed of a storage battery pack 10, a touch screen 7 and an intelligent management controller 11. The storage battery adopts 4 12V200Ah batteries, the storage battery pack 10 is connected with the bidirectional DC-DC converter 8 and the AC-DC converter 12 through a DC bus, the touch screen 7 is positioned on the front panel of the module, and a key switch is arranged on the panel to control whether the whole system is put into operation or not;
an alternating current-direct current converter 12, a shore power alternating current 16, a key alternating current output interface 13 and a non-key alternating current output interface 17 in a module III composite power supply are a module, the module mainly takes input and output of alternating current energy as main parts and adopts a shell with shielding property in order to prevent electromagnetic radiation generated by alternating current from generating interference on electric equipment for a motor home;
and a module IV: the gasoline/diesel generator 15 is an independent module, is arranged on a frame with a heavy slide rail, is convenient for operation during use, waste gas emission during working and daily equipment maintenance, is connected with the module III through an alternating current bus, is controlled by the intelligent management controller 11, and is automatically started by the intelligent management controller 11 according to the power utilization condition and the power storage condition of the compound power supply.
The vehicle-mounted composite power supply system realizes the following power supply modes:
1. when shore power is connected, shore power alternating current 16 supplies power to a key 220V alternating current load 14 through an alternating current-direct current converter 12 and a key alternating current output interface 13, and supplies power to a non-key 220V alternating current load interface 18 through a non-key alternating current output interface 17, and when shore power is insufficient, the electric energy stored in the storage battery pack 10 can supply the shortage part for the two types of loads through the alternating current-direct current converter 12.
2. When the gasoline/diesel generator works, the alternating current of the generator supplies power to a key 220V alternating current load 14 through an alternating current-direct current converter 12 and a key alternating current output interface 13, and simultaneously supplies power to a non-key 220V alternating current load 18 through a non-key alternating current output interface 17, and when the shore power is insufficient, the electric energy stored in the storage battery pack 10 can supply the shortage part for the two types of loads through the alternating current-direct current converter 12. The gasoline/diesel generator can work no matter the motor home or the power supply vehicle is in a driving state or a parking state.
3. When shore power alternating current 16 or a gasoline/diesel generator works, when the electric energy supplied to the key 220V alternating current load 14 and the non-key 220V alternating current load 18 still has surplus, the surplus part is converted into high-voltage direct current through the alternating current-direct current converter 12 to charge the storage battery pack 10, meanwhile, the electric energy of the high-voltage direct current bus also charges the super capacitor bank 9 through the bidirectional direct current-direct current converter 8, and supplies direct current to the direct current load 6 through the direct current output interface 5.
4. When the vehicle is in a driving state, redundant electric energy of the vehicle-mounted direct current generator 2 provides electric energy for the low-voltage direct current bus through the isolator 4, and the electric energy charges the super capacitor bank 9, supplies power for the direct current load 6 through the direct current output interface 5 and also charges the storage battery bank through the bidirectional direct current-direct current converter 8.
5. The solar battery 1 supplies electrical energy to the low voltage dc bus via the controller 3, which in addition to charging the supercapacitor bank 9 and supplying the dc load 6 via the dc output interface 5, also charges the battery bank via the bidirectional dc-dc converter 8.
6. When no shore power alternating current and fuel generator do not work, the electric energy stored by the storage battery pack 10 provides alternating current for key 220V alternating current loads through the alternating current-direct current converter 12 and the alternating current output interface 13.
7. When the vehicle-mounted direct current generator 2 does not work and the solar battery pack 1 cannot provide electric energy, the super capacitor pack 9 supplies power to the direct current load 6 through the direct current output interface 5, and meanwhile, the bidirectional direct current-direct current converter 8 converts high-voltage direct current of the storage battery pack into low-voltage direct current to supplement electric energy for the voltage direct current bus.
8. The vehicle-mounted composite power supply system is provided with an intelligent management controller 11, the electricity storage states of a storage battery pack 10 and a super capacitor 9 are monitored in real time, a charging mode is timely switched until charging is stopped when the electricity storage is met, power supply is timely stopped in a discharging process to protect an electricity storage device, a touch liquid crystal screen 7 displays operation parameters of all parts in real time, soft keys for operation are provided on the touch liquid crystal screen 7, and functions of starting, operation, parameter setting and the like of the experimental power supply system are operated by clicking.
Finally, the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, and modifications or equivalent substitutions to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention should be included in the claims of the present invention.