CN111785987A - Flow field cooling device for bipolar plate - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a flow field type heat dissipation device for a bipolar plate, and belongs to the technical field of heat dissipation of fuel cells. The invention includes a distribution plate located between the cathode plate and the air diffusion layer, the two surfaces of the distribution plate are distributed with depressions in an array, the depressions and the cathode plate form a first cavity and form a second cavity between the air diffusion layer and the air diffusion layer , the adjacent first cavities and the second cavities are connected to each other, the concave part has a contact part, the contact part is attached to the cathode plate or the air diffusion layer, the concave parts are arranged in rows, and the concave directions of the two adjacent concave parts are opposite or the same, The concave portion has ports through which adjacent first cavities and second cavities are communicated with each other. By forming contact surfaces at the upper and lower ends of the flow field, the present invention greatly improves its electrical and thermal conductivity.

Description

Flow field cooling device for bipolar plate

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of heat dissipation of fuel cells, and in particular relates to a flow field type heat dissipation device for bipolar plates.

Background technique

At present, the metal bipolar plate is the core component of the fuel cell. Its function is to support the membrane electrode structure, separate hydrogen and oxygen, collect electrons, conduct heat, provide hydrogen and oxygen channels, discharge the water generated by the reaction, and provide cooling liquid flow channels, etc. important role, and its performance largely depends on the flow field structure. The usual flow field structures of metal bipolar plates include straight channel, serpentine, spiral, interdigitated and grid-shaped, etc. At the same time, new flow fields, such as bionic flow fields, 3D flow fields, etc. The air-side 3D flow field is in point or line contact with the liquid-cooled metal bipolar plate and the air diffusion layer, the contact area is less than 1%, and its electrical and thermal conductivity is very poor, the point or surface contact increases the contact resistance, and the current flows through At the same time, the heat on the membrane electrode cannot be conducted to the surface of the liquid-cooled metal bipolar plate in time, resulting in the rupture of the membrane electrode due to the high local temperature, and finally scrapped.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a flow field type heat sink for bipolar plates. By forming contact surfaces at the upper and lower ends of the flow field, the electrical and thermal conductivity properties of the device are greatly improved, and the excessive heat generation and transmission of current caused by poor contact are avoided. The blockage of the thermal channel leads to the failure of the membrane electrode, such as rupture of the membrane electrode and hydrogen leakage caused by the high temperature of the membrane electrode.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

The present invention is a flow field type heat sink for bipolar plate, which comprises a flow distribution plate located between a cathode plate and an air diffusion layer. Both surfaces of the flow distribution plate are provided with concave parts in an array, and the concave part and the cathode plate form a first cavity and A second cavity is formed between the air diffusion layer and the adjacent first cavity and the second cavity.

Further, the concave parts are arranged in a row, and the concave directions of two adjacent concave parts are opposite or the same.

Further, the concave portion is provided with a port, the adjacent first cavities and the second cavities communicate with each other through the ports, and the adjacent two first cavities or the adjacent two second cavities communicate through the edge gap of the concave portion.

Further, the concave portion concave in the direction of the air diffusion layer, the contact portion on the concave portion adheres to the air diffusion layer, and the concave portion concave in the direction of the cathode plate, the contact portion on the concave portion adheres to the cathode plate.

Further, the concave portion is provided with a flow guide plate, the flow guide plate is inclined relative to the air diffusion layer, and the liquid-facing surface of the flow guide plate faces the air diffusion layer.

Further, the contact portion is a flat plate, and the size of the contact surface is 0.1 mm×0.1 mm to 10 mm×10 mm.

Further, the area of the contact part attached to the air diffusion layer is not larger than the area of the contact part attached to the cathode plate 2 .

Further, the depressions are "hexagonal" type depressions or "corrugated" type depressions.

Further, in the "hexagonal"-shaped recessed portion, a notch is provided on the port of the recessed portion.

Further, the "corrugated" recessed portion is a two-way corrugated structure.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

The invention forms the contact surfaces at the upper and lower ends of the flow field, greatly improving its electrical and thermal conductivity, and avoiding the rupture of the membrane electrode caused by the excessive current heating and the blocked heat transfer channel caused by the bad contact. , hydrogen leakage, etc., the flow direction of water in the cathode plate and the air diffusion layer is controlled by the split plate, so that it rushes to the air diffusion layer, so that the gas in the water has a certain impact on the surface of the air diffusion layer in the flow, resulting in The forced convection effect allows more gas to enter the air diffusion layer.

Of course, it is not necessary for any product embodying the present invention to achieve all of the above-described advantages simultaneously.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.

Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the flow field type heat sink for bipolar plate;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of Fig. 1A;

Fig. 3 is the structure diagram of the flow field type heat sink for bipolar plate;

Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional schematic diagram of Fig. 3;

Figure 5 is a structural diagram of a "hexagonal"-shaped recessed drainage plate;

Fig. 6 is the structure diagram of "corrugated" type depression drainage plate;

Figure 7 is a structural diagram of a two-way "corrugated" type depression drainage plate;

In the accompanying drawings, the list of components represented by each number is as follows:

1-Anode plate, 2-Cathode plate, 3-Split plate, 4-Air diffusion layer, 5-Proton exchange membrane, 6-Cooling flow cavity, 301-Contact part, 302-Drain plate, 303-First cavity, 304-second cavity, 305-notch, 306-port, 307-recess.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "opening", "upper", "lower", "thickness", "top", "middle", "length", "inside", "around", etc. Indicates the orientation or positional relationship, only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, are constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention .

Please refer to Figures 1-7, the present invention is a flow field heat dissipation device for bipolar plates:

Among them, for part of the anode plate 1, cathode plate 2, air diffusion layer 4 and proton exchange membrane 5 in the fuel cell, in the heat dissipation of the anode plate 1 and the cathode plate 2, the anode plate 1 is designed as a corrugated type, and through the corrugated type The cooling liquid flows and cools down in the channel formed by the anode plate 1 and the cathode plate 2. In addition, a distribution plate and a distribution plate 3 are arranged between the cathode plate 2 and the air diffusion layer 4 to form a flow field.

Wherein, the diverter plate 3 is an integral design, and the diverter plate 3 is an integral type. Both surfaces of the diverter plate 3 are arranged with depressions 307 in an array. Specifically, the depressions 307 are arranged in a row, wherein two adjacent depressions 307 are depressed. opposite or the same direction.

The corresponding concave portion 307 forms a first cavity 303 with the cathode plate 2 and a second cavity 304 with the air diffusion layer 4. The adjacent first cavities 303 and second cavities 304 communicate with each other to connect the fuel cells in the fuel cell. The generated water is removed, and the split flow is performed to generate a non-fixed flow channel, so that the gas in the water can be dispersed more uniformly.

Specifically, the contact portion 301 is located at the bottom cavity of the recessed portion 307, and the recessed portion 307 has a port 306. The port 306 is divided into a water inlet and a water outlet according to the flow direction of the water, adjacent to the first cavity 303 and the second cavity. 304 are communicated with each other through ports 306, in particular, the water outlet of one cavity and the water inlet of the other cavity coincide.

In addition, after the concave portion 307 is formed, a gap is formed between the concave portion 307 and the adjacent concave portion 307 , and the two adjacent first cavities 303 are communicated through the edge gap of the concave portion 307 , and the adjacent two second cavities 304 There is communication between them through the edge gap of the recessed portion 307 .

The recessed part 307 recessed in the direction of the air diffusion layer 4, the contact part 301 on the recessed part 307 is attached to the air diffusion layer 4, the recessed part 307 recessed in the direction of the cathode plate 2, the contact part 301 on the recessed part 307 is attached Cathode plate 2.

Importantly, the recessed part 307 has a contact part 301, the contact part 301 is attached to the cathode plate 2 or the air diffusion layer 4, the contact area is increased through the contact part 301, and the air diffusion layer 4 and the cathode plate 2 are connected to the shunt plate 3 in turn. The resistance generated, thereby reducing the heat generation of the current flowing through the resistance, and correspondingly increasing the conduction of heat by increasing the contact area.

The contact portion 301 is a flat plate, and the size of the contact surface is 0.1 mm×0.1 mm to 10 mm×10 mm.

Further, the area of the contact part 301 attached to the air diffusion layer 4 is not larger than the area of the contact part 301 attached to the cathode plate 2. After the total contact area is determined, the area of the contact part 301 attached to the air diffusion layer 4 is controlled to increase the The contact area between the water and the air diffusion layer 4 makes it easier for the gas in the water to pass through the air diffusion layer 4 .

Further, the concave portion 307 has a flow guide plate 302 , the flow guide plate 302 is inclined relative to the air diffusion layer 4 , and the liquid-facing surface of the flow guide plate 302 faces the air diffusion layer 4 .

Control the flow direction of water in the cathode plate 2 and the air diffusion layer 4, so that it rushes to the air diffusion layer 4, so that the gas in the water has a certain impact on the surface of the air diffusion layer 4 in the flow, and the forced convection effect produced makes More gas can enter the air diffusion layer 4 .

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5 , the recessed portion 307 is a “hexagonal” recessed portion, that is, the recessed portion 307 is formed by connecting three sides of a square contact portion 301 to three hexagonal plates, and the other side is Then it is the port 306, in which the three hexagonal plates are also shared with the concave parts 307 adjacent to the above-mentioned concave parts 307 and facing in the opposite direction, which can connect a square contact part and the half of its edge in the shape structure. Three hexagonal plates, namely trapezoidal plates, are used as an array unit.

The edge of the port 306 is provided with a notch 5 , and the setting of the notch 5 can reduce the difficulty of stamping and forming of the concave portion 307 .

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6 , the concave portion 307 is a “corrugated” type, which is arranged obliquely on the manifold 3 , and two “corrugated” concave portions 307 are used as an array unit on the manifold 3 , and the The concave "corrugated" recessed part 307 is divided into a tail section and a cavity section. The port of the cavity section is used as a water inlet. The top of the cavity section is provided with a contact part 301, and the edge of the tail section touches the air diffusion layer. 4, and the two edges are respectively connected with the edge of a sub-cavity segment, and the tail segment is connected to the cavity segment of the third "corrugated" recessed part 307, the tail segment is narrower than the cavity segment, and the end of the cavity segment is connected. The wider part is used as the water outlet, which flows to the two cavity sections that communicate with it.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7 , which is the deformation structure of the above-mentioned “corrugated” recessed portion 307 , two “corrugated” recessed portions 307 are used as an array unit on the shunt plate 3 , and one recessed portion 307 in one array unit One is the tail section and the other is the cavity section, and the two concave directions are opposite to form a bidirectional corrugated structure. In the direction of water flow, the cavity section and the tail section connected in sequence in the same row are corrugated.

The “corrugated” recessed portion 307 does not have a notch 305 .

In the description of this specification, description with reference to the terms "one embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc. means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one aspect of the present invention. in one embodiment or example. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The above-disclosed preferred embodiments of the present invention are provided only to help illustrate the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not exhaust all the details, nor do they limit the invention to only the described embodiments. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the contents of this specification. The present specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can well understand and utilize the present invention. The present invention is to be limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. The flow field type heat dissipation device for the bipolar plate is characterized in that: including flow distribution plate (3) that are located between negative plate (2) and air diffusion layer (4), the equal array in two surfaces of flow distribution plate (3) distributes and has depressed part (307), depressed part (307) and negative plate (2) form first cavity (303) and with air diffusion layer (4) between form second cavity (304), adjacent first cavity (303) and second cavity (304) communicate with each other, contact site (301) have on depressed part (307), contact site (301) laminating negative plate (2) or air diffusion layer (4).

2. The flow field heat sink for bipolar plates according to claim 1, wherein the dimples (307) are arranged in rows, and the direction of the dimples is opposite or the same for two adjacent dimples (307).

3. The flow field heat sink for bipolar plates according to claim 2, wherein the recess (307) has a port (306), the adjacent first cavities (303) and the adjacent second cavities (304) are communicated with each other through the port (306), and the adjacent first cavities (303) or the adjacent second cavities (304) are communicated with each other through the edge gap of the recess (307).

4. The flow field heat sink for a bipolar plate according to claim 1, wherein the air diffusion layer (4) is attached to a recessed portion (307) recessed in the direction of the air diffusion layer (4), the air diffusion layer (4) is attached to a contact portion (301) on the recessed portion (307), the cathode plate (2) is attached to the recessed portion (307) recessed in the direction of the cathode plate (2), and the contact portion (301) on the recessed portion (307) is attached to the cathode plate (2).

5. A flow-field heat sink for bipolar plates according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the depression (307) has a flow guiding plate (302), the flow guiding plate (302) is arranged obliquely with respect to the air diffusion layer (4), and the flow guiding plate (302) faces the liquid surface towards the air diffusion layer (4).

6. Flow field heat sink for bipolar plates according to claim 5, characterised in that the contact portions (301) are flat plates with contact surfaces of dimensions 0.1mm x 0.1mm to 10mm x 10 mm.

7. A flow field heat sink for bipolar plates according to claim 5, characterised in that the area of the contact portion (301) to the air diffusion layer (4) is not larger than the area of the contact portion (301) to the cathode plate (2).

8. The flow field heat sink for bipolar plates according to claim 5, wherein the depressions (307) are "hexagonal" shaped depressions or "corrugated" shaped depressions.

9. The flow field heat sink for bipolar plate according to claim 8, wherein the hexagonal recess has a notch (305) at the end (306) of the recess (307).

10. The flow field heat sink for bipolar plates according to claim 8, wherein the "corrugated" depressions are bi-directionally corrugated.

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