CN111713385A - Automatic irrigation method and system - Google Patents
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- CN111713385A CN111713385A CN202010484403.3A CN202010484403A CN111713385A CN 111713385 A CN111713385 A CN 111713385A CN 202010484403 A CN202010484403 A CN 202010484403A CN 111713385 A CN111713385 A CN 111713385A
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- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 239
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 239
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 255
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 157
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004262 dental pulp cavity Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/16—Control of watering
- A01G25/167—Control by humidity of the soil itself or of devices simulating soil or of the atmosphere; Soil humidity sensors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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Abstract
The automatic irrigation method and system provided by the embodiment of the invention comprise the following steps: acquiring soil humidity condition data of the position of the target vegetable by using a soil profile sensor; if the soil humidity condition data meet the irrigation triggering conditions, acquiring the actual growth depth of the vegetable root system according to the soil humidity condition data; and taking the actual growth depth of the root system of the vegetable as the designed wetting depth of irrigation to automatically irrigate the target vegetable. According to the automatic irrigation method and the automatic irrigation system, the soil humidity conditions of different soil layers are dynamically monitored, and the actual growth depth of the vegetable root system is calculated on the basis of the soil humidity condition data, so that the vegetables are accurately irrigated, the damage to the vegetable root system caused by sampling observation is avoided, the influence of the growth change of the root system on the irrigation quantity is fully considered, the irrigation water utilization efficiency and the irrigation precision are effectively improved, the labor cost is greatly reduced, and the irrigation intelligence level is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of forestry planting, in particular to an automatic irrigation method and an automatic irrigation system.
Background
The vegetable is one of the most popular food in our country, and is the second crop next to the food in our country. According to statistics, the area of vegetables in China is about 3.35 hundred million mu, and the yield is about 7.69 hundred million tons. The growth of vegetables is closely related to moisture, and the water demand and water consumption are relatively large in the growth period. However, the water resource in China is seriously in short supply, the specific gravity of agricultural water is high, and the method has important significance for realizing accurate water supply in vegetable planting and effectively improving the utilization efficiency of the water in the vegetables.
The traditional orchard irrigation management method generally takes manual experience judgment as a main part, but the manual irrigation is high in cost and extensive in mode, farmers pursue high yield at a time, water is irrigated randomly and excessive fertilizer is applied excessively, the utilization efficiency of water and fertilizer is low, the waste of water resources is caused, and the quality and efficiency improvement of vegetables are influenced. The existing vegetable irrigation method mainly comprises a recommended irrigation system method, a real-time soil moisture content monitoring irrigation method and the like. Wherein, monitoring soil moisture content irrigation method is through to different crops, buries the soil moisture content sensor of the different degree of depth underground, irrigates through setting for irrigation cycle and regulation and control soil irrigation upper limit.
Comprehensive analysis shows that the prior art generally has the following defects in vegetable irrigation:
1) the recommended irrigation system method is a proper irrigation method recommended by years of planting experience, but the method is not strong in mobility, and poor in applicability and flexibility when different climates, soils and crop types are changed.
2) The conventional real-time data decision method determines the irrigation time through the preset irrigation period, is still guided by experience essentially, and has poor accuracy.
3) In the irrigation method based on the water content of the soil, a planned wetting layer soil body (namely a root system area) is an important index for determining the irrigation water quantity, and the growth change of the root system in the growth period of the vegetables is obvious. The existing method usually does not consider the change of the root system, a certain constant parameter is selected in the whole growth period or different experience reference values are selected according to the growth period, when the reference value is lower than the real root system depth, the irrigation is insufficient, otherwise, when the reference value is lower than the actual root system depth, the irrigation is excessive, and the real-time adjustment of the irrigation soil body range along with the growth change range of the root system is not realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides an automatic irrigation method and system, which are used for overcoming or partially solving the defects of poor irrigation precision, low automation degree and the like in automatic irrigation of vegetables in the prior art.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic irrigation method, which mainly includes: acquiring soil humidity condition data of a target vegetable root area by using a soil profile sensor; if the soil humidity condition data meet the irrigation triggering conditions, acquiring the actual growth depth of the vegetable root system according to the soil humidity condition data; and taking the actual growth depth of the root system of the vegetable as the designed wetting depth of irrigation to automatically irrigate the target vegetable.
Optionally, the acquiring, by using the soil profile sensor, soil moisture condition data at the root zone of the target vegetable may include: vertically and fixedly arranging a soil profile sensor in the soil at the root area of the target vegetable, wherein the depth of the soil profile sensor is greater than the depth of the root system of the target vegetable; dividing the soil at the root area of the target vegetable into a plurality of soil layers along the soil profile according to a preset step length; respectively acquiring the soil moisture content of each soil layer at preset time intervals by using a soil profile sensor, and constructing soil profile moisture content distribution data; wherein, the soil moisture condition data comprises soil profile water content distribution data.
Optionally, the obtaining of the actual growth depth of the root system of the vegetable according to the soil moisture condition data generally includes: respectively acquiring the moisture content difference of each soil layer before and after a preset time interval; respectively comparing and judging the moisture content difference of each soil layer with a preset threshold value; and taking the depth corresponding to the soil layer with the maximum depth and the moisture content difference larger than the preset threshold value as the actual growth depth of the vegetable root system.
Optionally, if the soil moisture status data satisfies the irrigation triggering condition, the method mainly includes: acquiring the average soil humidity according to the soil humidity condition data; and if the average soil humidity is smaller than the irrigation control lower limit value, determining that the soil humidity condition data meets the irrigation triggering conditions.
Optionally, the automatic irrigation of the target vegetable is performed by taking the actual growth depth of the root system of the vegetable as the designed wetting depth of the irrigation, and mainly comprises: designing the irrigation quantity according to the actual growth depth of the root system of the vegetable based on an irrigation quantity formula; and automatically irrigating the target vegetables according to the irrigation quantity by using an intelligent irrigation system.
Optionally, before automatically irrigating the target vegetable according to the irrigation amount, the method further comprises: the irrigation quantity and irrigation early warning information are used as irrigation reminding information and are sent to a user mobile phone APP through the cloud server; and after receiving an irrigation instruction of a user, automatically irrigating the target vegetables.
Optionally, the irrigation quantity formula is specifically as follows: i ═ 0.1 γ zp (θ)max–θmin)/η；
Wherein I is the irrigation amount, gamma is the dry volume weight of the soil, z is the designed wetting depth of irrigation, p is the area ratio of the wetting area, and thetamaxAnd thetaminThe upper line and the lower limit of the water content control of the soil root zone are respectively, and η is the utilization efficiency of the irrigation water for drip irrigation.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic irrigation system, which mainly includes a soil moisture status data acquisition module, a root depth acquisition module, and an automatic irrigation control module, where:
the soil humidity state data acquisition module is used for acquiring soil humidity state data of a root system of the target vegetable by using the soil profile sensor; the water absorption depth acquisition module is used for acquiring the actual growth depth of the vegetable root system according to the soil humidity condition data when the soil humidity condition data meet the irrigation triggering condition; and the automatic irrigation control module is used for controlling the irrigation device to automatically irrigate the target vegetables by taking the actual growth depth of the vegetable root system as the designed wetting depth of irrigation.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the steps of the automatic irrigation method according to any one of the first aspect.
In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the automatic irrigation method according to any one of the first aspect.
According to the automatic irrigation method and the automatic irrigation system, the actual growth depth of the vegetable root system is calculated on the basis of the data of the soil humidity conditions by dynamically monitoring the soil humidity conditions of different soil layers, so that the vegetables are accurately irrigated, the damage to the vegetable root system caused by sampling and observation is avoided, the influence of the growth change of the root system on the irrigation amount is fully considered, the irrigation water utilization efficiency and the irrigation accuracy are effectively improved, the labor cost is greatly reduced, and the irrigation intelligence level is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an automatic irrigation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of another automatic irrigation method provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of another automatic irrigation method provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic irrigation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a physical structure diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
An embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic irrigation method, as shown in fig. 1, including, but not limited to, the following steps:
step S1, acquiring soil humidity condition data of the root zone of the target vegetable by using a soil profile sensor;
step S2, if the soil humidity condition data meets the irrigation triggering condition, acquiring the actual growth depth of the vegetable root system according to the soil humidity condition data;
and step S3, automatically irrigating the target vegetables by taking the actual growth depth of the root systems of the vegetables as the designed wetting depth of irrigation.
Specifically, before irrigation is performed by using the automatic irrigation method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the maximum root depth of the type of vegetables in the whole growth period can be estimated according to the variety of the vegetables, so that a proper soil profile sensor can be selected. And when the vegetables are transplanted, presetting the soil profile sensors into the soil at the root area of each vegetable together. The pre-buried mode is based on the soil humidity condition data of the position where the target vegetable is located, which can be acquired through the soil profile sensor.
The soil profile sensor can be used for measuring parameters such as moisture, soil conductivity and soil temperature of different depths of a soil profile. The working principle, brand, model, etc. of the selected soil profile sensor are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present invention.
The soil humidity condition data of the target vegetable position refers to a data set on a time and space sequence formed by parameters such as water, soil conductivity and soil temperature of soil profiles at different depths, which are calculated and acquired through a soil profile sensor preset in soil of a target vegetable root area. The data set on the time sequence means that the sampling time can be set according to actual needs; the data set in the spatial sequence means that the data obtained by sampling is measurement data covering different soil layers on the soil profile. For example, with days as a measurement period, parameters such as moisture, soil conductivity, soil temperature and the like of a plurality of soil layers at preset intervals from top to bottom in a soil profile at the position of the target vegetable are respectively obtained.
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, according to the constructed soil humidity condition data of the position of the target vegetable, the moisture content of the vegetable soil root area at the target vegetable root area can be obtained. And judging whether the soil humidity condition data meets the irrigation triggering conditions or not according to the obtained water content of the root zone of the vegetable soil. When the water content of the vegetable soil root zone is smaller than the irrigation threshold corresponding to the irrigation triggering condition, the target vegetable can be judged to be in a water shortage state, and irrigation needs to be carried out immediately; when the water content of the vegetable soil root zone is smaller than the irrigation threshold corresponding to the irrigation triggering condition, the target vegetable can be judged to be in a normal state, and irrigation is not needed.
Furthermore, after the target vegetables need to be irrigated immediately, the actual growth depth of the root systems of the vegetables can be determined according to soil humidity condition data acquired by the soil profile sensor. Because the soil profile sensor can detect the soil moisture condition data formed by parameters such as water, soil conductivity and soil temperature of different profile depths in the soil, the actual growth depth of the vegetable root system can be determined according to the soil states of different profile depths, namely the designed wetting depth of irrigation is determined.
Further, the irrigation quantity (or irrigation time) required to be irrigated is determined by combining the irrigation mode, the irrigation area, the irrigation device, the irrigation weather factors (such as air temperature and wind power) and the like according to the designed wetting depth of irrigation, so as to make a specific automatic irrigation scheme.
And finally, controlling an irrigation device to execute the automatic irrigation scheme to finish automatic irrigation on the target vegetables.
During the irrigation process, soil moisture condition data of the positions of the target vegetables are obtained by continuously utilizing the soil profile sensor, and whether the soil moisture condition data meet irrigation triggering conditions or not is monitored according to the method recorded in the embodiment. Stopping irrigation when irrigation is finished, namely the soil humidity condition data does not meet irrigation triggering conditions; and irrigating again until the irrigation triggering condition is met again so as to realize the purpose of automatic irrigation.
It should be noted that, although the embodiment of the present invention is described by taking the example of automatically irrigating target vegetables in a greenhouse, the automatic irrigation method provided in the embodiment may also be applied to intelligent irrigation control of plants such as fruit trees, and is not to be considered as a limitation to the scope of the embodiment of the present invention.
According to the automatic irrigation method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the actual growth depth of the vegetable root system can be estimated by detecting the dynamic state of the wetting distribution of the soil profile, so that the vegetables are accurately irrigated, the damage to the vegetable root system caused by sampling observation is avoided, the utilization efficiency and the irrigation precision of irrigation water are effectively improved, the labor cost is greatly reduced, and the irrigation intelligence level is improved.
Based on the content of the foregoing embodiments, as an alternative embodiment, the step of acquiring soil moisture condition data at the root area of the target vegetable by using the soil profile sensor in the foregoing step S1 may include, but is not limited to, the following steps:
vertically and fixedly arranging a soil profile sensor in the soil at the position of the target vegetable, wherein the measuring depth of the soil profile sensor is greater than the root depth of the target vegetable; dividing soil at the position of the target vegetable into a plurality of soil layers along a soil profile according to a preset step length; respectively acquiring the soil moisture content of each soil layer at preset time intervals by using the soil profile sensor, and constructing soil profile moisture content distribution data; the soil moisture condition data comprises soil profile moisture content distribution data.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, a soil profile sensor may be preset in soil at a position where each vegetable is located, and according to soil humidity condition data of the corresponding vegetable acquired by each soil profile sensor, automatic irrigation control of each vegetable is realized. Optionally, all the vegetables may be divided into a plurality of groups according to factors such as distribution conditions and different varieties of the vegetables, one vegetable is selected from each group as a representative, a soil profile sensor is arranged in soil at a position where each representative vegetable is located, and all the vegetables corresponding to the group of data are subjected to unified automatic irrigation control according to the acquired soil humidity condition data of each group. By adopting the method, the calculated amount can be effectively reduced, the cost is reduced, and the precision of automatic irrigation is not influenced to a certain extent.
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the soil profile sensor is in a strip shape, and can detect a dynamic state of a soil profile moisture distribution, so that in order to effectively improve detection accuracy, the soil profile sensor is vertically and fixedly arranged in the soil at a position where each vegetable is located. And in order to realize with the moist degree of depth of actual growth of vegetable roots as the design of irrigation to carry out accurate irrigation control, the effective measurement degree of depth of the soil profile sensor who chooses for use is greater than the root system degree of depth of the target vegetables that await measuring in this embodiment.
Furthermore, the soil (the soil root zone of the target vegetable) at the position of the target vegetable is divided into a plurality of soil layers along the soil profile according to a preset step length, and the dividing method can adopt a uniform dividing mode. For example, the soil moisture content test is performed every 5cm from top to bottom along the soil section
Furthermore, the soil profile water content distribution data at any moment is obtained through the soil profile sensor, namely the soil water content of each soil layer is respectively obtained to form the soil profile water content distribution data at the moment.
Optionally, since the soil profile moisture content distribution data can sufficiently reflect the soil moisture status at the current time, the soil moisture status data in the embodiment of the present invention at least includes the soil profile moisture content distribution data. Optionally, the soil moisture condition data may further include soil profile temperature distribution data, soil profile conductivity distribution data, and the like, and the automatic irrigation control is realized by integrating the data.
According to the automatic irrigation method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the soil profile sensor is adopted to dynamically monitor the soil moisture condition, and the actual growth depth of the vegetable root system is judged according to the change data of the moisture content distribution of the soil profile, so that the vegetable irrigation is accurately guided, the too-little or excessive irrigation is avoided, and the water utilization efficiency of the vegetable irrigation is improved. The method can realize real-time monitoring of the actual effective water absorption root system depth of the vegetables, and compared with the traditional root system sampling test method or root canal photographing test method, the method has the advantages that the root system cannot be damaged, the accuracy is high, the method is simple and convenient and easy to operate, the labor cost is greatly reduced, and the intelligent level of irrigation is improved.
Based on the content of the foregoing embodiments, as an alternative embodiment, the above-mentioned obtaining the actual growth depth of the vegetable root system according to the soil moisture status data may include, but is not limited to, the following steps:
respectively acquiring the moisture content difference of each soil layer before and after the preset time interval; comparing and judging the moisture content difference of each soil layer with a preset threshold value respectively; and taking the depth corresponding to the soil layer with the maximum depth and the moisture content difference larger than the preset threshold value as the actual growth depth of the vegetable root system.
Specifically, as an alternative embodiment, the process of determining the actual growth depth r of the vegetable root system and performing automatic irrigation is as follows:
1) the soil profile sensor acquires soil humidity condition data of target vegetables at time t (0-24 hours) to meet irrigation triggering conditions, and irrigation needs to be carried out on the target vegetables at the moment.
2) Acquiring the moisture content distribution of the soil profile at the time t by a soil profile sensor (Testing the soil moisture content once every 5cm from top to bottom along the soil section), and simultaneously adjusting the moisture content distribution of the soil section at the t-24 moment, and carrying out layered pair on thetat5n-θ(t-24)5n(where n is. ltoreq. R/5, n is 1, 2, …, R/5) when θ is calculatedt5n-θ(t-24)5nAnd when the root depth is more than or equal to 1 percent, judging that the root system reaches the depth, and if a plurality of depths meet the condition, taking the maximum depth as the final root system depth of the vegetables.
According to the automatic irrigation method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the water consumption of each soil layer is compared and judged with the corresponding water consumption threshold value respectively, so that the reasonable actual growth depth of the vegetable root system is determined as the designed wetting depth of irrigation, the target vegetable is automatically irrigated, and the irrigation precision is further improved.
Based on the above description of the embodiments, as an alternative embodiment, if the soil moisture status data satisfies the irrigation triggering condition in step S2, the method for determining includes: acquiring the average soil humidity according to the soil humidity condition data; and if the average soil humidity is smaller than the irrigation control lower limit value, determining that the soil humidity condition data meets the irrigation triggering conditions.
Specifically, the soil average humidity of the target vegetables can be calculated according to the soil humidity condition data of the positions of the target vegetables obtained by the soil profile sensor (the soil average humidity can represent the water content of the soil root area of the target vegetables), and the soil average humidity and a preset irrigation control lower limit value (recorded as theta) are used for calculating the soil average humidity and the preset irrigation control lower limit valuemin) And comparing to judge whether the target vegetables need irrigation. When the average humidity of the soil is less than thetaminAnd if the water shortage state is indicated, the actual growth depth of the vegetable root system is further acquired as the designed wetting depth of irrigation, and the automatic irrigation is carried out.
According to the automatic irrigation method provided by the embodiment of the invention, whether the target vegetables are irrigated or not is judged by setting the irrigation control lower limit value, so that the intelligent level of irrigation and the utilization efficiency of irrigation water are effectively improved.
Based on the content of the foregoing embodiment, as an alternative embodiment, the step S3 is executed to automatically irrigate the target vegetable by using the actual growth depth of the vegetable root as the designed wetting depth of irrigation, which includes but is not limited to the following steps: designing the irrigation quantity according to the actual growth depth of the root system of the vegetable based on an irrigation quantity formula; and automatically irrigating the target vegetables according to the irrigation quantity by using an intelligent irrigation system.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the invention, the soil profile sensor is responsible for monitoring the real-time humidity condition of the soil profile, when the average soil humidity is judged to be less than the irrigation lower limit threshold value at the beginning, the irrigation quantity is continuously calculated according to the actual growth depth of the root system of the target vegetable obtained through calculation, and the target vegetable is irrigated through an intelligent irrigation system which is composed of a wireless electromagnetic valve, a water pump, a valve and the like in the field.
As an alternative embodiment, the irrigation quantity formula may be: i ═ 0.1 γ zp (θ)max–θmin)/η；
Wherein I is the irrigation amount, gamma is the dry volume weight of the soil, z is the designed wetting depth of irrigation, p is the area ratio of the wetting area, and thetamaxAnd thetaminThe upper line and the lower limit of the water content control of the soil root zone are respectively, and η is the utilization efficiency of the irrigation water for drip irrigation.
According to the automatic irrigation method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the soil moisture condition data of the target vegetables are obtained through the soil profile sensor, so that the actual growth depth of the root systems of the target vegetables can be determined, the required irrigation quantity is further calculated, automatic irrigation is carried out by controlling the intelligent irrigation system laid in an orchard in advance, the irrigation precision is effectively improved, manual participation is not needed in the whole process, the automation and intelligence levels are improved, and the labor cost is greatly reduced.
Based on the content of the above embodiment, as an alternative embodiment, before automatically irrigating the target vegetables according to the irrigation amount, the method may further include:
the irrigation quantity and irrigation early warning information are used as irrigation reminding information and are sent to a user mobile phone APP through the cloud server; and after receiving an irrigation instruction of a user, automatically irrigating the target vegetables.
Specifically, when the soil humidity condition data meets the irrigation triggering condition, irrigation early warning information is generated, the specific irrigation amount for irrigating the target vegetables is calculated, and the irrigation early warning information are integrated into one piece of irrigation reminding information. And uploading the irrigation reminding information to a cloud server for storage and recording, and issuing to a user mobile phone APP. After the user receives the early warning information through the mobile phone APP, a decision can be made on whether irrigation is needed or not according to actual conditions. If the user decides to irrigate, then send irrigation instruction to cloud server through APP, give central processing unit with the instruction transmission by cloud server, start irrigation by the wireless solenoid valve in central processing unit control field at last. And if the user decides not to irrigate temporarily, the central processing unit returns to continuously monitor the soil humidity condition and continuously sends irrigation early warning information and corresponding irrigation water amount to the user every preset time period (for example, one day) until the irrigation early warning information is removed.
According to the automatic irrigation method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the step of determining by the user is additionally arranged in the automatic irrigation control process, so that the actual control can be carried out according to the actual requirements of the user. The user can accurately know the current irrigation state of the orchard, and the decision requirements of different users are met on the premise of realizing intelligent irrigation.
As an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic irrigation method, which is to pre-embed a soil section humidity sensor (including a detector and a signal transmitter) in an orchard field to monitor the soil humidity in real time.
Setting soil humidity irrigation control lower limit value theta through central processing unitmin(namely, when the lower limit value is reached, the soil is considered to be irrigated), the real-time soil average humidity data acquired by the soil profile humidity sensor is transmitted to the central processing unit for judgment, and the central processing unit judges that the soil humidity reaches the irrigation control lower limit value thetaminAnd the central processing unit can further calculate the actual growth depth of the vegetable root system and irrigate according to the actual growth depth (namely irrigate to the actual growth depth of the vegetable root system to avoid too little or too much irrigation).
Wherein, the central processing unit is presetThe calculation formula estimates the actual growth depth of the vegetable root system, and the specific flow is as follows: 1) the soil profile humidity sensor senses that the water content of the soil root zone reaches a control lower limit threshold value (theta) at the time t (0-24 hours)min) Irrigation is needed at the moment; 2) acquiring the water content distribution of the soil profile at the time t (testing the soil water content once every 5cm from top to bottom along the soil profile) by a soil profile sensor, and simultaneously, adjusting the water content distribution of the soil profile at the time t-24 to be layered according to thetat5n-θ(t-24)5n(where n is. ltoreq. R/5, n is 1, 2, …, R/5) when θ is calculatedt5n-θ(t-24)5nWhen the root depth is more than or equal to 1 percent, judging that the root system reaches the depth, and if a plurality of depths meet the condition, taking the maximum depth as the final root system depth of the vegetables; 3) irrigating according to the actual depth of the root system, wherein the irrigation quantity is 0.1 gamma zp (theta) from Imax–θmin) η, where gamma is the dry volume weight of soil, z is the designed wetting depth for irrigation, p is the area ratio of the wetting zone, and thetamaxAnd thetaminThe upper line and the lower limit of the water content control of the soil root area are respectively set, and η is the utilization efficiency of the drip irrigation water.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the central processing unit controls the soil moisture status data of the position of the target vegetable, which is acquired by the soil profile sensor, and collects the soil moisture status data. And calculating the irrigation quantity of the target vegetables according to the soil humidity condition data, and transmitting irrigation early warning information and the calculated irrigation quantity to the cloud server. The cloud server records data and sends the early warning information to the user mobile phone APP.
And the user receives the early warning information through the mobile phone APP, and makes a decision on whether to irrigate according to the actual situation. If the user decides to irrigate, then send irrigation instruction to cloud server through APP, give central processing unit with the instruction transmission by cloud server, start irrigation by the wireless solenoid valve in central processing unit control field at last. And if the user decides not to irrigate temporarily, the central processing unit returns to continuously monitor the soil humidity condition, and irrigation early warning information and corresponding irrigation water amount are continuously sent to the user every other day.
An embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic irrigation system, as shown in fig. 4, which mainly includes: soil moisture condition data acquisition module 1, root system degree of depth acquisition module 2 and automatic irrigation control module 3, wherein: the soil humidity condition data acquisition module 1 is mainly used for acquiring soil humidity condition data of a target vegetable root area by using a soil profile sensor; the actual growth depth acquisition module 2 is mainly used for acquiring the actual growth depth of the vegetable root system according to the soil humidity condition data when the soil humidity condition data meets the irrigation triggering condition; automatic irrigation control module 3 is mainly used for regard as the moist degree of depth of design of irrigation with the actual growth degree of depth of vegetable roots, and control irrigation equipment is right target vegetables carry out automatic irrigation.
Specifically, the soil humidity status data acquisition module 1 continuously controls to pre-embed the soil profile humidity sensor, monitors the soil humidity status in real time, and transmits the acquired data to the root depth acquisition module 2 in real time. The root system depth acquisition module 2 judges whether the soil humidity reaches the irrigation control lower limit value theta according to the received soil humidity state datamin. When irrigation is needed, the actual growth depth of the vegetable root system is calculated, and the final calculation result is sent to the automatic irrigation control module 3. The automatic irrigation control module 3 controls the starting and stopping of the field wireless electromagnetic valve according to the control so as to realize automatic irrigation of target vegetables.
It should be noted that the root depth obtaining module 2 and the automatic irrigation control module 3 in the embodiment of the present invention may be integrated in a central processing unit, that is, the central processing unit may directly control the automatic irrigation process of the target vegetable according to the soil humidity condition data at the root area of the target vegetable, which is obtained by the soil profile sensor.
It should be noted that, during specific operation, the automatic irrigation system provided in the embodiment of the present invention may be used to execute the automatic irrigation method described in any of the above embodiments, which is not described herein.
Fig. 5 illustrates a physical structure diagram of an electronic device, which may include, as shown in fig. 5: a processor (processor)310, a communication Interface (communication Interface)320, a memory (memory)330 and a communication bus 340, wherein the processor 310, the communication Interface 320 and the memory 330 communicate with each other via the communication bus 340. The processor 310 may call logic instructions in the memory 330 to perform the following method: acquiring soil humidity condition data of a target vegetable root area by using a soil profile sensor; if the soil humidity condition data meet the irrigation triggering conditions, acquiring the actual growth depth of the vegetable root system according to the soil humidity condition data; and taking the actual growth depth of the root system of the vegetable as the designed wetting depth of irrigation to automatically irrigate the target vegetable.
In addition, the logic instructions in the memory 330 may be implemented in the form of software functional units and stored in a computer readable storage medium when the software functional units are sold or used as independent products. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program is implemented by a processor to execute the automatic irrigation method provided by the above embodiments, for example, the method includes: acquiring soil humidity condition data of a target vegetable root area by using a soil profile sensor; if the soil humidity condition data meet the irrigation triggering conditions, acquiring the actual growth depth of the vegetable root system according to the soil humidity condition data; and taking the actual growth depth of the root system of the vegetable as the designed wetting depth of irrigation to automatically irrigate the target vegetable.
The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware. With this understanding in mind, the above-described technical solutions may be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An automated irrigation method, comprising:
acquiring soil humidity condition data of a target vegetable root area by using a soil profile sensor;
if the soil humidity condition data meet irrigation triggering conditions, acquiring the actual growth depth of the vegetable root system according to the soil humidity condition data;
and taking the actual growth depth of the vegetable root system as the designed wetting depth of irrigation, and automatically irrigating the target vegetable.
2. The method of automatic irrigation according to claim 1, wherein said obtaining soil moisture status data at the root zone of the target vegetable using a soil profile sensor comprises:
vertically and fixedly arranging the soil profile sensor in the soil at the root area of the target vegetable, wherein the depth of the soil profile sensor is greater than the depth of the root system of the target vegetable;
dividing the soil at the root area of the target vegetable into a plurality of soil layers along the soil profile according to a preset step length;
respectively acquiring the soil moisture content of each soil layer at preset time intervals by using the soil profile sensor, and constructing soil profile moisture content distribution data;
the soil moisture condition data comprises the soil profile moisture content distribution data.
3. The automatic irrigation method as claimed in claim 2, wherein said obtaining actual growth depth of vegetable roots from said soil moisture status data comprises:
respectively acquiring the moisture content difference of each soil layer before and after the preset time interval;
comparing and judging the moisture content difference of each soil layer with a preset threshold value respectively;
and taking the depth corresponding to the soil layer with the maximum depth and the moisture content difference larger than the preset threshold value as the actual growth depth of the vegetable root system.
4. The automated irrigation method of claim 3 wherein said determining if said soil moisture status data satisfies an irrigation trigger condition comprises:
acquiring the average soil humidity according to the soil humidity condition data;
and if the average soil humidity is smaller than the irrigation control lower limit value, determining that the soil humidity condition data meets irrigation triggering conditions.
5. The automatic irrigation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the automatic irrigation of the target vegetable with the actual growth depth of the vegetable root system as the designed wetting depth of irrigation comprises:
designing the irrigation quantity according to the actual growth depth of the root system of the vegetable based on an irrigation quantity formula;
and automatically irrigating the target vegetables according to the irrigation quantity by using an intelligent irrigation system.
6. The automatic irrigation method as claimed in claim 5, further comprising, prior to said automatic irrigation of said target vegetable in accordance with said application amount:
sending the irrigation quantity and irrigation early warning information as irrigation reminding information to a user mobile phone APP through a cloud server;
and after receiving an irrigation instruction of a user, automatically irrigating the target vegetables.
7. The automatic irrigation method according to claim 5, wherein the irrigation quantity formula is: i ═ 0.1 γ zp (θ)max–θmin)/η；
Wherein I is the irrigation amount, gamma is the dry volume weight of the soil, z is the designed wetting depth of irrigation, p is the area ratio of the wetting area, and thetamaxAnd thetaminThe upper line and the lower limit of the water content control of the soil root zone are respectively, and η is the utilization efficiency of the irrigation water for drip irrigation.
8. An automated irrigation system, comprising:
the soil humidity condition data acquisition module is used for acquiring soil humidity condition data of a target vegetable root area by using a soil profile sensor;
the root system depth acquisition module is used for acquiring the actual growth depth of the vegetable root system according to the soil humidity condition data when the soil humidity condition data meet the irrigation triggering condition;
and the automatic irrigation control module is used for controlling the irrigation device to automatically irrigate the target vegetables according to the actual growth depth of the vegetable root system as the designed wetting depth of irrigation.
9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor when executing the program performs the steps of the method of automatic irrigation according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, wherein the computer program when executed by a processor implements the steps of the automatic irrigation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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Application publication date: 20200929 |