CN111663975A - Supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system and method based on methane reforming energy storage - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system and method based on methane reforming and energy storage, including an energy storage sub-system and a power generation sub-system. The storage tank is connected, the carbon monoxide and hydrogen storage tanks are connected with the energy storage working fluid compressor, the energy storage working fluid compressor is connected with the exothermic reactor, the exothermic reactor is connected with the methane and carbon dioxide storage tanks, methane and carbon dioxide The storage tank is communicated with the heat collecting reactor; the power generation sub-system includes a turbine, the turbine communicates with the regenerator, the regenerator communicates with the precooler, the precooler communicates with the compressor, and the compressor communicates with the regenerator The regenerator is in communication with the exothermic reactor, and the exothermic reactor is in communication with the turbine. The system can realize the organic combination of solar methane reforming energy storage and supercritical carbon dioxide power generation, and can realize the stable and continuous utilization of solar energy.

Description

A supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system and method based on methane reforming energy storage

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of solar energy utilization, in particular to a supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system and method based on methane reforming and energy storage.

Background technique

Solar energy is clean and inexhaustible, but there is a problem of uneven time distribution. When solar energy is used for power generation, technologies such as energy storage are generally required.

Thermochemical energy storage is mainly based on a reversible thermochemical reaction, which stores and releases energy through the breaking and recombination of chemical bonds. In the energy storage reaction, the energy storage material absorbs heat and decomposes it into two substances for separate storage. When energy is needed When the two substances are fully contacted and reacted, the stored chemical energy is converted into heat energy and released. Thermochemical energy storage has high density and efficiency, and is suitable for high temperature and high density storage of solar thermal energy. The volume and weight energy storage density of thermochemical energy storage is much higher than that of sensible heat or phase change heat storage. Safe, non-toxic, inexpensive, and easy to handle. Among them, methane reforming is a common thermochemical energy storage system with high energy storage density and abundant raw material sources.

Supercritical carbon dioxide has the characteristics of high energy density and high heat transfer efficiency, and is an environmentally friendly and clean natural working fluid. The power generation technology using supercritical carbon dioxide as the working medium is also one of the new and efficient power generation technologies in the world.

In Northwest China, solar energy resources are abundant and water resources are scarce. Therefore, if a new system can be developed, which can organically combine solar methane reforming thermochemical energy storage with supercritical carbon dioxide power generation, it will be beneficial to solar energy. Solar thermal power generation brings great changes.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system and method based on methane reforming energy storage, which combines solar energy methane reforming energy storage with supercritical carbon dioxide power generation, and can Solar energy is used steadily and continuously.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

A supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system based on methane reforming energy storage, comprising an energy storage sub-system and a power generation sub-system;

Described energy storage sub-system comprises heat collecting reactor 2, the outlet of heat collecting reactor 2 is communicated with the inlet of carbon monoxide and hydrogen storage tank 3, and the outlet of carbon monoxide and hydrogen storage tank 3 is connected with the outlet of energy storage working fluid compressor 4. The inlet is communicated, the outlet of the energy storage working medium compressor 4 is communicated with the tube side inlet of the exothermic reactor 5, and the tube side outlet of the exothermic reactor 5 is communicated with the inlet of the methane and carbon dioxide storage tank 6, and the methane and carbon dioxide are communicated with each other. The outlet of the storage tank 6 is communicated with the inlet of the heat collecting reactor 2;

The power generation sub-system includes a turbine 8, the outlet of the turbine 8 is communicated with the hot side inlet of the regenerator 9, and the hot side outlet of the regenerator 9 is communicated with the hot side inlet of the precooler 10. , the hot side outlet of the precooler 10 is communicated with the inlet of the compressor 11, the outlet of the compressor 11 is communicated with the cold side inlet of the regenerator 9, and the cold side outlet of the regenerator 9 is communicated with the outlet of the exothermic reactor 5. The shell side inlet is communicated, and the shell side outlet of the exothermic reactor 5 is communicated with the inlet of the turbine 8 .

A mirror field 1 for focusing sunlight on the heat collecting reactor 2 is provided at a corresponding position of the heat collecting reactor 2 .

The heat collecting reactor 2 is loaded with a methane reforming catalyst, and the tube side of the exothermic reactor 5 is loaded with a methanation catalyst.

The turbine 8 is linked with the energy storage working fluid compressor 4 through a coupling, and the turbine 8 is linked with the compressor 11 and the generator 12 through a coupling.

A valve 7 is provided between the outlet of the methane and carbon dioxide storage tank 6 and the inlet of the heat collecting reactor 2 .

The exothermic reactor 5 is of shell-and-tube type.

A supercritical carbon dioxide power generation method based on methane reforming energy storage, comprising the following steps;

When the solar radiation is sufficient, the valve 7 is opened, and the methane and carbon dioxide in the methane and carbon dioxide storage tank 6 enter the heat collecting reactor 2. Under the catalytic action of the methane reforming catalyst, a methane reforming reaction occurs, and the heat collecting reactor 2 is absorbed. The heat of carbon monoxide and hydrogen is generated, which enters the carbon monoxide and hydrogen storage tank 3. After the carbon monoxide and hydrogen are pressurized by the energy storage working fluid compressor 4, they enter the tube side of the exothermic reactor 5 and contact the methanation catalyst in the tube side. , carbon monoxide and hydrogen undergo a methanation reaction, release heat, generate methane and carbon dioxide, and enter the methane and carbon dioxide storage tank 6; the carbon dioxide on the shell side of the exothermic reactor 5 absorbs the heat released by the methanation reaction on the tube side, and enters the turbine. 8. Do work, the carbon dioxide after the work enters the hot side of the regenerator 9, and after exchanging heat with the carbon dioxide on the cold side of the regenerator 9, it enters the hot side of the precooler 10, and after further cooling, it enters the inlet of the compressor 11, and passes through the After the compressor 11 is compressed, it enters the hot side of the regenerator 9, exchanges heat with the carbon dioxide on the hot side of the regenerator 9, and enters the shell side of the exothermic reactor 5. Due to sufficient solar radiation, the amount of methane reforming reaction is greater than The amount of methanation reaction, a part of carbon monoxide and hydrogen are stored in the carbon monoxide and hydrogen storage tank 3, the turbine 8 drives the energy storage working medium compressor 4 and the compressor 11 through the coupling to rotate, and the excess power drives the generator 12 Rotation to generate electricity;

When there is no solar radiation, the valve 7 is closed, the carbon monoxide and hydrogen stored in the carbon monoxide and hydrogen storage tank 3, after being pressurized by the energy storage working fluid compressor 4, enter the tube side of the exothermic reactor 5, and the When the methanation catalyst contacts, carbon monoxide and hydrogen undergo a methanation reaction, release heat, generate methane and carbon dioxide, and enter the methane and carbon dioxide storage tank 6; the carbon dioxide on the shell side of the exothermic reactor 5 absorbs the heat released by the tube-side methanation reaction. , enter the turbine 8 to do work, the carbon dioxide after the work enters the hot side of the regenerator 9, and after exchanging heat with the carbon dioxide on the cold side of the regenerator 9, it enters the hot side of the precooler 10, and after further cooling, it enters the compressor 11 After being compressed by the compressor 11, it enters the hot side of the regenerator 9, exchanges heat with the carbon dioxide on the hot side of the regenerator 9, and enters the shell side of the exothermic reactor 5. Since there is no solar radiation, only methanation occurs. Reaction, the carbon monoxide and hydrogen stored in the carbon monoxide and hydrogen storage tank 3 pass through the exothermic reactor 5 to generate methane and carbon dioxide, which are stored in the methane and carbon dioxide storage tank 6, and the turbine 8 drives the energy storage working medium through the coupling The compressor 4 and the compressor 11 rotate, and the excess power drives the generator 12 to rotate and generate electricity.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

During specific operation, the supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system based on methane reforming and energy storage of the present invention utilizes solar energy to provide heat for methane reforming through a heat collector reactor, and generates supercritical carbon dioxide through the methanation reaction in the exothermic reactor. Carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation provides heat, thereby realizing the organic combination of solar methane reforming energy storage and supercritical carbon dioxide power generation.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.

Among them, 1 is a mirror field, 2 is a collector reactor, 3 is a carbon monoxide and hydrogen storage tank, 4 is an energy storage working fluid compressor, 5 is an exothermic reactor, 6 is a methane and carbon dioxide storage tank, 7 is a valve, 8 is a turbine, 9 is a regenerator, 10 is a pre-cooler, 11 is a compressor, and 12 is a generator.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

Referring to FIG. 1, the supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system based on methane reforming energy storage according to the present invention includes an energy storage sub-system and a power generation sub-system, and the energy storage sub-system includes a mirror field 1, a heat collecting reactor 2, carbon monoxide and hydrogen Storage tank 3, energy storage working medium compressor 4, exothermic reactor 5, methane and carbon dioxide storage tank 6, valve 7. The power generation subsystem includes a turbine 8 , a regenerator 9 , a precooler 10 , a compressor 11 , and a generator 12 .

The outlet of the collector reactor 2 is communicated with the inlet of the carbon monoxide and hydrogen storage tank 3, the outlet of the carbon monoxide and the hydrogen storage tank 3 is communicated with the inlet of the energy storage working fluid compressor 4, and the outlet of the energy storage working fluid compressor 4 is communicated with the inlet of the energy storage working fluid compressor 4. The tube-side inlet of the exothermic reactor 5 is communicated with, the tube-side outlet of the exothermic reactor 5 is communicated with the inlet of the methane and carbon dioxide storage tank 6, and the outlet of the methane and the carbon dioxide storage tank 6 is communicated with the inlet of the valve 7, and the valve The outlet of 7 communicates with the inlet of the collector reactor 2 .

The collector reactor 2 is loaded with a methane reforming catalyst, and the tube side of the exothermic reactor 5 is loaded with a methanation catalyst.

The shell side outlet of the exothermic reactor 5 is communicated with the inlet of the turbine 8, the outlet of the turbine 8 is communicated with the hot side inlet of the regenerator 9, and the hot side outlet of the regenerator 9 is communicated with the hot side of the precooler 10. The side inlet is connected, the hot side outlet of the precooler 10 is connected with the inlet of the compressor 11, the outlet of the compressor 11 is connected with the cold side inlet of the regenerator 9, and the cold side outlet of the regenerator 9 is connected with the heat release The shell-side inlets of the reactor 5 are communicated.

The turbine 8 is linked with the energy storage working fluid compressor 4 through a coupling, and the turbine 8 is linked with the compressor 11 and the generator 12 through a coupling.

Preferably, a valve 7 is provided between the outlet of the methane and carbon dioxide storage tank 6 and the inlet of the heat collecting reactor 2 .

The mirror field 1 gathers sunlight on the collector reactor 2, methane and carbon dioxide pass through the methane reforming catalyst in the collector reactor 2, and the methane and carbon dioxide undergo a methane reforming reaction at 700-800 ℃ and normal pressure, absorb The heat of the collector reactor 2 generates carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and enters the carbon monoxide and hydrogen storage tank 3. After the carbon monoxide and hydrogen are compressed by the energy storage working medium compressor 4, they are pressurized to 1.5MPa and enter the tube side of the exothermic reactor 5. , in contact with the methanation catalyst in the tube side, carbon monoxide and hydrogen undergo a methanation reaction at 1.5MPa and 500-600°C, releasing heat, generating methane and carbon dioxide, and entering the methane and carbon dioxide storage tank 6, methane and carbon dioxide through valve 7 Then, it enters the heat collecting reactor 2 to continue the methane reforming reaction to complete the cycle.

After the carbon dioxide on the shell side of the exothermic reactor 5 absorbs the heat released by the methanation reaction on the tube side, it enters the turbine 8 to do work, and the carbon dioxide after the work enters the hot side of the regenerator 9, and exchanges with the carbon dioxide on the cold side of the regenerator 9. After being heated, it enters the hot side of the precooler 10. After further cooling, it enters the inlet of the compressor 11. After being compressed by the compressor 11, it enters the hot side of the regenerator 9, and exchanges heat with the carbon dioxide on the hot side of the regenerator 9. , enter the shell side of the exothermic reactor 5 to complete the cycle.

The turbine 8 drives the energy storage working fluid compressor 4 , the compressor 11 and the generator 12 to rotate through the coupling.

When the solar radiation is sufficient, the valve 7 is opened, and the methane and carbon dioxide in the methane and carbon dioxide storage tank 6 enter the heat collecting reactor 2. Under the catalytic action of the methane reforming catalyst, the methane and carbon dioxide are heated at 700-800 ° C and normal pressure. The methane reforming reaction occurs, absorbs the heat of the collector reactor 2, generates carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and enters the carbon monoxide and hydrogen storage tank 3. After the carbon monoxide and hydrogen are compressed by the energy storage working medium compressor 4, they are pressurized to 1.5MPa, and then enter the discharge tank. The tube side of the thermal reactor 5 is in contact with the methanation catalyst in the tube side, and carbon monoxide and hydrogen undergo a methanation reaction at 1.5MPa and 500-600°C, releasing heat, generating methane and carbon dioxide, and entering the methane and carbon dioxide storage tank 6 . After the carbon dioxide on the shell side of the exothermic reactor 5 absorbs the heat released by the methanation reaction on the tube side, it enters the turbine 8 to do work, and the carbon dioxide after the work enters the hot side of the regenerator 9, and exchanges with the carbon dioxide on the cold side of the regenerator 9. After being heated, it enters the hot side of the precooler 10. After further cooling, it enters the inlet of the compressor 11. After being compressed by the compressor 11, it enters the hot side of the regenerator 9 and exchanges heat with the carbon dioxide on the hot side of the regenerator 9. , enter the shell side of the exothermic reactor 5, due to sufficient solar radiation, the amount of methane reforming reaction is greater than the amount of methanation reaction, a part of carbon monoxide and hydrogen are stored in carbon monoxide and hydrogen storage tank 3. The turbine 8 drives the energy storage working fluid compressor 4 and the compressor 11 to rotate through the coupling, and the excess power drives the generator 12 to rotate to generate electricity.

When there is no solar radiation, the valve 7 is closed, the carbon monoxide and hydrogen stored in the carbon monoxide and hydrogen storage tank 3, after being pressurized by the energy storage working fluid compressor 4, enter the tube side of the exothermic reactor 5, and the When the methanation catalyst contacts, carbon monoxide and hydrogen undergo a methanation reaction at 1.5MPa and 500-600°C, releasing heat to generate methane and carbon dioxide, which enter the methane and carbon dioxide storage tank 6 . After the carbon dioxide on the shell side of the exothermic reactor 5 absorbs the heat released by the methanation reaction on the tube side, it enters the turbine 8 to do work, and the carbon dioxide after the work enters the hot side of the regenerator 9, and exchanges with the carbon dioxide on the cold side of the regenerator 9. After being heated, it enters the hot side of the precooler 10. After further cooling, it enters the inlet of the compressor 11. After being compressed by the compressor 11, it enters the hot side of the regenerator 9, and exchanges heat with the carbon dioxide on the hot side of the regenerator 9. , enter the shell side of the exothermic reactor 5, because there is no solar radiation, only the methanation reaction occurs, and the carbon monoxide and hydrogen stored in the carbon monoxide and hydrogen storage tanks 3 pass through the exothermic reactor 5 to generate methane and carbon dioxide, which are stored in the methane and carbon dioxide storage tank 6. The turbine 8 drives the energy storage working fluid compressor 4 and the compressor 11 to rotate through the coupling, and the excess power drives the generator 12 to rotate to generate electricity.

It should be pointed out that the above examples are only to illustrate the technical concept and characteristics of the present invention, and the specific implementation methods, such as the operating conditions of the heat collecting reactor 2 and the exothermic reactor 5, etc., can still be modified and improved, but all There is no departure therefrom from the scope and essential spirit of the invention as defined in the claims.

Claims (6)

1. a supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system based on methane reforming energy storage, is characterized in that, comprises energy storage sub-system and power generation sub-system; The energy storage sub-system comprises a heat collection reactor (2), the outlet of the heat collection reactor (2) is communicated with the inlet of the carbon monoxide and hydrogen storage tank (3), and the outlet of the carbon monoxide and hydrogen storage tank (3) is connected with the inlet of the carbon monoxide and hydrogen storage tank (3). The inlet of the energy storage working fluid compressor (4) is communicated with, the outlet of the energy storage working fluid compressor (4) is communicated with the tube side inlet of the exothermic reactor (5), and the tube side of the exothermic reactor (5) is communicated with each other. The outlet is communicated with the inlet of the methane and carbon dioxide storage tank (6), and the outlet of the methane and carbon dioxide storage tank (6) is communicated with the inlet of the heat collecting reactor (2); The power generation sub-system comprises a turbine (8), the outlet of the turbine (8) is communicated with the hot side inlet of the regenerator (9), and the hot side outlet of the regenerator (9) is connected to the precooling The hot side inlet of the precooler (10) is communicated with the hot side inlet of the precooler (10), the hot side outlet of the precooler (10) is communicated with the inlet of the compressor (11), and the outlet of the compressor (11) is communicated with the cold side inlet of the regenerator (9). Connected, the cold side outlet of the regenerator (9) is communicated with the shell side inlet of the exothermic reactor (5), and the shell side outlet of the exothermic reactor (5) is communicated with the inlet of the turbine (8); A mirror field (1) for focusing sunlight on the heat collecting reactor (2) is provided at a corresponding position of the heat collecting reactor (2). 2. a kind of supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system based on methane reforming energy storage according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described heat collecting reactor (2) is loaded with methane reforming catalyst, exothermic reactor A methanation catalyst is loaded in the tube pass of (5). 3. A kind of supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system based on methane reforming energy storage according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described turbine (8) and energy storage working fluid compressor (4) pass through the coupling The turbine (8) is linked with the compressor (11) and the generator (12) through a coupling. 4. a kind of supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system based on methane reforming energy storage according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the outlet of described methane and carbon dioxide storage tank (6) and the outlet of heat collecting reactor (2) A valve (7) is arranged between the inlets. 5 . The supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system based on methane reforming and energy storage according to claim 1 , wherein the exothermic reactor ( 5 ) is of shell-and-tube type. 6 . 6. a kind of supercritical carbon dioxide power generation method based on methane reforming energy storage according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps; When the solar radiation is sufficient, the valve (7) is opened, the methane and carbon dioxide in the methane and carbon dioxide storage tank (6) enter the heat collecting reactor (2), and under the catalytic action of the methane reforming catalyst, the methane reforming reaction occurs, Absorb the heat of the collector reactor (2), generate carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and enter the carbon monoxide and hydrogen storage tank (3). ) in the tube pass, contact with the methanation catalyst in the tube pass, carbon monoxide and hydrogen undergo a methanation reaction, release heat, generate methane and carbon dioxide, and enter the methane and carbon dioxide storage tank (6); the exothermic reactor (5) After the carbon dioxide on the shell side absorbs the heat released by the methanation reaction on the tube side, it enters the turbine (8) to do work, and the carbon dioxide after doing the work enters the hot side of the regenerator (9), and exchanges with the carbon dioxide on the cold side of the regenerator (9). After being heated, it enters the hot side of the precooler (10), and after further cooling, it enters the inlet of the compressor (11), and after being compressed by the compressor (11), it enters the hot side of the regenerator (9), where it is combined with the regenerator. The carbon dioxide on the hot side of the reactor (9) exchanges heat and enters the shell side of the exothermic reactor (5). Due to sufficient solar radiation, the amount of the methane reforming reaction is greater than the amount of the methanation reaction, and a part of the carbon monoxide and hydrogen is stored in carbon monoxide and In the hydrogen storage tank (3), the turbine (8) drives the energy storage working fluid compressor (4) and the compressor (11) to rotate through the coupling, and the excess power drives the generator (12) to rotate to generate electricity; When there is no solar radiation, the valve (7) is closed, and the carbon monoxide and hydrogen stored in the carbon monoxide and hydrogen storage tanks (3) are pressurized by the energy storage working medium compressor (4) and then enter the exothermic reactor (5). Tube side, in contact with the methanation catalyst in the tube side, carbon monoxide and hydrogen undergo methanation reaction, release heat, generate methane and carbon dioxide, and enter the methane and carbon dioxide storage tank (6); the shell side of the exothermic reactor (5) After the carbon dioxide absorbs the heat released by the tube-side methanation reaction, it enters the turbine (8) to do work, and the carbon dioxide after the work enters the hot side of the regenerator (9), and exchanges heat with the carbon dioxide on the cold side of the regenerator (9). , enter the hot side of the precooler (10), after further cooling, enter the inlet of the compressor (11), after being compressed by the compressor (11), enter the hot side of the regenerator (9), and the regenerator ( 9) The carbon dioxide on the hot side exchanges heat and enters the shell side of the exothermic reactor (5). Since there is no solar radiation, only methanation reaction occurs, and the carbon monoxide and hydrogen stored in the carbon monoxide and hydrogen storage tanks (3) undergo exothermic heat. The reactor (5) generates methane and carbon dioxide, which are stored in the methane and carbon dioxide storage tank (6), and the turbine (8) drives the energy storage working fluid compressor (4) and the compressor (11) to rotate through the coupling , the excess power drives the generator (12) to rotate and generate electricity.

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