CN111663163A - Anticorrosion treatment method of 2A50 aluminum alloy and application thereof - Google Patents
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- CN111663163A CN111663163A CN201910176686.2A CN201910176686A CN111663163A CN 111663163 A CN111663163 A CN 111663163A CN 201910176686 A CN201910176686 A CN 201910176686A CN 111663163 A CN111663163 A CN 111663163A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/06—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon characterised by the electrolytes used
- C25D11/08—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon characterised by the electrolytes used containing inorganic acids
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- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/16—Pretreatment, e.g. desmutting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/18—After-treatment, e.g. pore-sealing
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Abstract
The invention discloses an anti-corrosion treatment method of 2A50 aluminum alloy and application thereof, wherein the anti-corrosion treatment method comprises the following steps: step 1, degreasing; step 2, alkali washing; step 3, removing ash; step 4, anodic oxidation: under the condition of room temperature of 20-30 ℃, sulfuric acid solution with the concentration of 160-180g/L is taken as electrolytic solution, and direct current stabilized power supply is adopted for anodic oxidation, wherein the current density is 0.4-0.6A/dm2The oxidation voltage is 10-15V, and the electrolysis time is 18-22 min; step 5, hole sealing: and (4) placing the sample treated in the step (4) in deionized water, heating to boil, and sealing the holes for 15-20 min. Compared with the untreated 2A50 aluminum alloy in a natural state, the corrosion current density of the treated sample is reduced by 2 orders of magnitude, and the resistance value is increased by 2 orders of magnitude.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy anticorrosion treatment, in particular to an anticorrosion treatment method of 2A50 aluminum alloy and application thereof.
Background
In the field of corrosion protection, metals are generally reprocessed by the following methods: the structure-changing method is, for example, a method of adding chromium, nickel, etc. to ordinary steel to make stainless steel. Protective layer method, painting, electroplating, chemical plating, etc. The electrochemical protection method utilizes the principle of a primary battery to form anode protection or cathode protection. The sacrificial anode method is characterized in that active metal is connected to protected metal and is used as a negative electrode to perform oxidation reaction. And (3) applying current protection, connecting the protected metal with the negative electrode of a power supply, and generating negative charge aggregation on the metal surface. Treating the corrosion medium, and adding a small amount of corrosion inhibitor for slowing down the corrosion speed. In addition, there are methods such as a sacrificial anode method, a corrosion inhibitor, a surface plating method, and the like.
The surface of pure aluminum and its alloy material generally has a layer of alumina film, which has a certain corrosion resistance in air environment, but in special environment, such as service environment with higher chloride ion concentration, the alumina film is thinner and cannot resist corrosion, and the surface treatment is generally performed by adopting anodic oxidation method to enhance the corrosion resistance.
The anodic oxidation of aluminum and its alloy is generally used for forming film with good quality in 1 series pure aluminum and 5 series aluminum-magnesium alloy, in 2 series aluminum-magnesium-copper alloy, the mass fraction of copper element is generally between 1.8% -2.5%, the corrosion resistance is poor, if the anodic oxidation method is adopted for treatment, when the mass fraction of copper element exceeds 2%, the solubility of anodic oxidation film is greatly increased, and the film quality is unstable. Therefore, the anodizing technique of the 2-series aluminum alloy is less applied.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a corrosion prevention treatment method of 2A50 aluminum alloy, aiming at the problems of large dissolution rate and difficult film formation of 2 series aluminum alloy in anodic oxidation in the prior art, and the method can obtain stable and uniform aluminum oxide film and improve the corrosion resistance of the alloy.
The invention also aims to provide application of the anticorrosion treatment method in 2A50 aluminum alloy, wherein the corrosion potential of the treated 2A50 aluminum alloy is-610.2 mV, and the corrosion current is 2.3 × 10-6A·cm2Impedance value of 8.9 × 105ohm·cm2。
The technical scheme adopted for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
an anticorrosion treatment method of 2A50 aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
step 1, degreasing: immersing the sample in 10-20% H2SO4Reacting the solution at room temperature for 2-4 min, and taking out;
step 2, alkali washing: immersing the sample in 40-55g/L NaOH solution for 1-2 min, taking out, and washing in distilled water for 1-2 min;
step 3, ash removal: immersing the sample in 20-30% HNO by mass fraction3Taking out the solution after 1-2 min, and washing the solution in distilled water for 1-2 min;
step 4, anodic oxidation: under the condition of room temperature of 20-30 ℃, sulfuric acid solution with the concentration of 160-180g/L is taken as electrolytic solution, and direct current stabilized power supply is adopted for anodic oxidation, wherein the current density is 0.4-0.6A/dm2The oxidation voltage is 10-15V, and the electrolysis time is 18-22 min;
step 5, hole sealing: and (4) placing the sample treated in the step (4) in deionized water, heating to boil, and sealing the holes for 15-20 min.
In the above technical solution, H in the step 12SO4The mass fraction of the solution was 15%.
In the technical scheme, the NaOH solution in the step 2 is 50 g/L.
In the above technical solution, the HNO in the step 33The solution was 25%.
In the above technical solution, the current density in the step 4 is 0.5A/dm2The electrolysis time was 20 min.
In the above technical scheme, the hole sealing time in the step 5 is 15 min.
In another aspect of the invention, the anticorrosion treatment method is applied to the 2A50 aluminum alloy.
In the technical scheme, the corrosion potential of the treated 2A50 aluminum alloy is-600 mV to-620 mV, and the corrosion current is 2.0-2.5 × 10 mV-6A·cm2。
In the technical scheme, the resistance value of the treated 2A50 aluminum alloy is 8.0-9.0 × 105ohm·cm2。
In the above technical scheme, when the current density in the step 4 is 0.5A/dm2When the electrolysis time is 20min, the corrosion potential of the treated 2A50 aluminum alloy is-610.2 mV, and the corrosion current is 2.3 × 10-6A·cm2Impedance value of 8.9 × 105ohm·cm2。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. at an oxidation current density of 0.5A/dm2And the corrosion resistance of the sample obtained under the condition of oxidizing time of 20min is optimal, and compared with the untreated 2A50 aluminum alloy in a natural state, the corrosion current density is reduced by 2 orders of magnitude, and the impedance value is increased by 2 orders of magnitude.
2. Soaking the 2A50 aluminum alloy after anodic oxide film treatment in NaCl solution with the concentration of 500mg/L for 15 days at 2.1 × 104No corrosion phenomenon appears after the product is soaked for 5 days at the concentration of mg/L. The 2a50 aluminum alloy in its original state exhibited severe corrosion on the first day. The anodic oxidation technology under the parameters is proved to have obvious effect of improving the corrosion resistance of the 2A50 aluminum alloy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the appearance of 2A50 aluminum alloy (a being 2A50 aluminum alloy treated by the method of example 1 and b being untreated 2A50 aluminum alloy) immersed in 500mg/L NaCl solution for 15 days.
FIG. 2 shows a cross-section at 2.1 × 104The plate was immersed in a NaCl solution of mg/L concentration for 5 days (a is 2A50 aluminum alloy treated by the method of example 1, and b is untreated 2A50 aluminum alloy).
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
1. Degreasing: immersing the sample in 15% H2SO4Reacting the solution at room temperature for 2-4 min, taking out, and washing in distilled water for 1-2 min.
2. Alkali washing: immersing the sample in 50g/L NaOH solution for 1-2 min, taking out, and washing in distilled water for 1-2 min.
3. Ash removal: after the aluminum material is washed by alkali, a layer of grey brown hanging ash is attached to the surface of the aluminum material. The purpose of ash removal is to remove the hanging ash which is not dissolved in the alkali liquor, prevent the pollution of the anodic oxidation solution and ensure that an anodic oxidation film with clean appearance is obtained after anodic oxidation. Immersing the sample in HNO with the mass fraction of 25%3Taking out the solution after 1-2 min, and washing the solution in distilled water for 1-2 min.
4. Anodic oxidation:
after the pretreatment process is finished, connecting the sample with the + pole of a direct current power supply through a lead as the anode of the electrochemical reaction; connecting another conductive metal to the '-pole' of the direct current generator through a lead as a cathode of electrochemical reaction, and semi-immersing the electrode in an electrolyte, wherein the concentration of the electrolyte is 170 g/L; the temperature of the solution is room temperature; the current density is 0.5A/dm2The oxidation voltage is 10-15V; the electrolysis time was 20 min.
5. Hole sealing:
and placing the sample in deionized water, heating to boil, and sealing the hole for 15 min.
The aluminum alloy 2A50 (a in FIG. 1) treated by the method of this example and the aluminum alloy 2A50 (b in FIG. 1) untreated were immersed in NaCl solution of 500mg/L concentration for 15 days, and the results are shown in FIG. 1, in which the aluminum alloy 2A50 treated by the method of the present invention did not corrode, and in which the aluminum alloy 2A50 untreated had general corrosion and pitting.
The aluminum alloy 2A50 (a in FIG. 2) treated by the method of this example anduntreated 2A50 aluminum alloy (b in FIG. 2), at 2.1 × 104The result of soaking in the NaCl solution with the concentration of mg/L for 5 days is shown in figure 2, the 2A50 aluminum alloy treated by the method of the invention has no corrosion phenomenon, and the untreated 2A50 aluminum alloy has general corrosion and serious pitting corrosion.
Example 2
1. Degreasing: immersing the sample in H with the mass fraction of 10%2SO4Reacting the solution at room temperature for 2-4 min, taking out, and washing in distilled water for 1-2 min.
2. Alkali washing: immersing the sample in 40g/L NaOH solution for 1-2 min, taking out, and washing in distilled water for 1-2 min.
3. Ash removal: after the aluminum material is washed by alkali, a layer of grey brown hanging ash is attached to the surface of the aluminum material. The purpose of ash removal is to remove the hanging ash which is not dissolved in the alkali liquor, prevent the pollution of the anodic oxidation solution and ensure that an anodic oxidation film with clean appearance is obtained after anodic oxidation. Immersing the sample in 20% HNO3Taking out the solution after 1-2 min, and washing the solution in distilled water for 1-2 min.
4. Anodic oxidation:
after the pretreatment process is finished, connecting the sample with the + pole of a direct current power supply through a lead as the anode of the electrochemical reaction; connecting another conductive metal to the '-pole' of the direct current generator through a lead as a cathode of electrochemical reaction, semi-immersing the electrode in an electrolyte, wherein the concentration of the electrolyte is 180 g/L; the temperature of the solution is room temperature; the current density is selected to be 0.6A/dm2The oxidation voltage is 10-15V; the electrolysis time was 18 min.
5. Hole sealing:
and placing the sample in deionized water, heating to boil, and sealing the hole for 15 min.
The samples obtained in this example were also soaked in 500mg/L NaCl solution for 15 days at 2.1 × 104No corrosion phenomenon is found after the NaCl solution with the concentration of mg/L is soaked for 5 days.
Example 3
1. Degreasing: immersing the sample in 20% H2SO4Solutions ofReacting for 2-4 min at middle room temperature, taking out, and washing for 1-2 min in distilled water.
2. Alkali washing: immersing the sample in 55g/L NaOH solution for 1-2 min, taking out, and washing in distilled water for 1-2 min.
3. Ash removal: after the aluminum material is washed by alkali, a layer of grey brown hanging ash is attached to the surface of the aluminum material. The purpose of ash removal is to remove the hanging ash which is not dissolved in the alkali liquor, prevent the pollution of the anodic oxidation solution and ensure that an anodic oxidation film with clean appearance is obtained after anodic oxidation. Immersing the sample in 30 percent of HNO by mass fraction3Taking out the solution after 1-2 min, and washing the solution in distilled water for 1-2 min.
4. Anodic oxidation:
after the pretreatment process is finished, connecting the sample with the + pole of a direct current power supply through a lead as the anode of the electrochemical reaction; connecting another conductive metal to the '-pole' of the direct current generator through a lead as a cathode of electrochemical reaction, and semi-immersing the electrode in an electrolyte, wherein the electrolyte is a sulfuric acid solution with the concentration of 160 g/L; the temperature of the solution is room temperature; the current density is selected to be 0.4A/dm2The oxidation voltage is 10-15V; the electrolysis time was 22 min.
5. Hole sealing:
and placing the sample in deionized water, heating to boil, and sealing the hole for 15 min.
The samples obtained in this example were also soaked in 500mg/L NaCl solution for 15 days at 2.1 × 104No corrosion phenomenon is found after the NaCl solution with the concentration of mg/L is soaked for 5 days.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example is the same as example 1 except for the current density and electrolysis time used for the anodic oxidation in step 4. The following results were obtained:
in the table, E-6 represents 10-6And E5 represents 105。
EcorrThe more positive the potential, i.e. the corrosion potential is leveled by the cathodic depolarizerThe smaller the equilibrium potential difference, the lower the tendency of the metal to corrode, the more corrosion resistant, and conversely the greater the tendency to corrode, IcorrRepresenting the rate of uniform corrosion of the metal generating active zone, IcorrThe lower the corrosion rate.
In addition, the resistance value can be judged by comparing the diameter of the capacitive reactance arc, and the higher the resistance value R is, the stronger the corrosion resistance of the material is.
In conclusion, when the current density is 0.5A/dm2When the electrolysis time was 20min, the corrosion resistance of the obtained sample was stronger.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. The anti-corrosion treatment method of the 2A50 aluminum alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, degreasing: immersing the sample in 10-20% H2SO4Reacting the solution at room temperature for 2-4 min, and taking out;
step 2, alkali washing: immersing the sample in 40-55g/L NaOH solution for 1-2 min, taking out, and washing in distilled water for 1-2 min;
step 3, ash removal: immersing the sample in 20-30% HNO by mass fraction3Taking out the solution after 1-2 min, and washing the solution in distilled water for 1-2 min;
step 4, anodic oxidation: under the condition of room temperature of 20-30 ℃, sulfuric acid solution with the concentration of 160-180g/L is taken as electrolytic solution, and direct current stabilized power supply is adopted for anodic oxidation, wherein the current density is 0.4-0.6A/dm2The oxidation voltage is 10-15V, and the electrolysis time is 18-22 min;
step 5, hole sealing: and (4) placing the sample treated in the step (4) in deionized water, heating to boil, and sealing the holes for 15-20 min.
2. Anti-corrosion treatment method for 2A50 aluminum alloy according to claim 1Process, characterized in that H in step 1 is2SO4The mass fraction of the solution was 15%.
3. The method for preventing corrosion of 2A50 aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the NaOH solution in step 2 is 50 g/L.
4. The corrosion prevention treatment method of 2A50 aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the HNO in step 3 is3The solution was 25%.
5. The method for corrosion protection of 2A50 aluminum alloy of claim 1, wherein the current density in step 4 is 0.5A/dm2The electrolysis time was 20 min.
6. The corrosion prevention treatment method of 2A50 aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the sealing time in step 5 is 15 min.
7. Use of the corrosion protection treatment method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in a 2A50 aluminum alloy.
8. The use according to claim 7, wherein the corrosion potential of the treated 2A50 aluminum alloy is-600 to-620 mV.
9. The use of claim 7, wherein the corrosion current of the treated 2A50 aluminum alloy is from 2.0 to 2.5 × 10-6A·cm2。
10. The use of claim 7, wherein the treated 2A50 aluminum alloy has a resistivity value of 8.0 to 9.0 × 105ohm·cm2。
11. Use according to claim 7, wherein the current density in step 4 is 0.5A/dm2Electrolysis time of 20minThe corrosion potential of the treated 2A50 aluminum alloy is-610.2 mV, and the corrosion current is 2.3 × 10-6A·cm2Impedance value of 8.9 × 105ohm·cm2。
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