CN111628519A - Power supply control method of power supply system, power supply system and storage medium - Google Patents
Power supply control method of power supply system, power supply system and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN111628519A CN111628519A CN201910152389.4A CN201910152389A CN111628519A CN 111628519 A CN111628519 A CN 111628519A CN 201910152389 A CN201910152389 A CN 201910152389A CN 111628519 A CN111628519 A CN 111628519A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application discloses a power supply control method of a power supply system, the power supply system and a storage medium. The power supply control method provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps: if the load rate is greater than a preset value when the commercial power is supplied, determining the battery state of the battery; and if the battery state indicates that the battery meets the power supply condition, the battery and the commercial power are used for supplying power to the load together. And if the battery state indicates that the battery does not meet the power supply condition, the generator and the commercial power are used for supplying power to the load together.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of power supply technologies, and in particular, to a power supply control method for a power supply system, and a storage medium.
Background
In order to supply power to a load, a power supply system usually considers the maximum power consumption of the load; but in essence, the maximum power consumption of the load occurs only during a certain period of time; on the one hand, the power supply capacity of the power supply equipment is wasted, and on the other hand, the unit price of the power supply equipment can be higher during peak hours, so that the power supply cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, embodiments of the present application are intended to provide a power supply system, a control method thereof, and a storage medium.
The technical scheme of the application is realized as follows:
a power supply control method comprising:
if the load rate is greater than a preset value when the commercial power is supplied, determining the battery state of the battery;
and if the battery state indicates that the battery meets the power supply condition, the battery and the commercial power are used for supplying power to the load together.
Based on the above scheme, the method further comprises:
if the battery state indicates that the battery does not meet the power supply condition, starting a generator;
and supplying power to the load by using the generator and the commercial power together.
Based on the above scheme, the method further comprises:
determining whether the commercial power is in a power supply state;
if the commercial power is in a non-power supply state, starting the generator;
supplying power to the load with the generator.
Based on the above scheme, the method further comprises:
charging the battery while supplying power to the load with the generator.
Based on the above scheme, the method further comprises:
if the commercial power is in a power supply state and the battery after the power supply of the generator meets the power supply condition, the generator is turned off;
and jointly supplying power to the battery by using the mains electricity and the battery.
Based on the above scheme, the method further comprises:
and if the load rate is less than or equal to the preset value, supplying power to the load by using commercial power.
Based on the above scheme, the method further comprises:
and if the load rate is smaller than the preset value, the battery is charged while the mains supply is used for supplying power to the load.
A power supply system comprising:
the commercial power supply interface is used for being connected with commercial power;
the converter is connected with the commercial power supply interface and is used for performing alternating current-direct current conversion;
and the battery is connected with the converter and is used for supplying power to the load together with the commercial power through the converter when the battery state of the battery meets the power supply condition and the power consumption power of the load is greater than a preset value.
Based on the above scheme, the converter is further configured to convert alternating current provided by the mains supply into direct current and supply the direct current to the battery when the mains supply supplies power and the load factor is smaller than the preset value.
Based on the above scheme, the power supply system further includes:
and the generator is used for generating power by itself when the battery does not meet the power supply condition and supplying power to the load together with the commercial power.
Based on the above scheme, the power supply system further includes:
a rectifier connected to the generator and the battery, respectively;
the generator is also used for charging the battery through the rectifier.
Based on the above scheme, the generator is further used for the commercial power is in a power supply state and the battery is closed after the generator supplies power and the power supply condition is met.
Based on the above scheme, the generator is further configured to generate power when the commercial power is in a non-power supply state, so as to supply power to the load.
Based on the scheme, the battery is an Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) system; alternatively, a converter PCS system.
Based on the scheme, the power supply system performs distributed redundant power supply on the load.
A computer storage medium having stored thereon computer-executable instructions; after being executed, the computer-executable instructions can implement the power supply method provided by any of the above technical solutions.
According to the power supply method, the power supply system and the storage medium, when the load is powered, the commercial power is used for carrying out quota power supply, and if the power consumption power of the load is larger than a preset value, the battery stored in advance and the commercial power are used for supplying power to the load together. Therefore, the peak eliminating power supply is equivalently carried out on the mains supply by utilizing the battery; so, utilize the battery to the mains operated carry out the peak clipping and fill in the millet to reduce the power supply demand to mains operated, and fill in the millet through the peak clipping to mains operated, can reduce the power consumption of the high price of electricity of peak value, thereby reduced the power supply cost. In addition, the peak clipping and valley filling of the mains supply can make full use of the power supply capacity of the power supply system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a first power supply method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a second power supply method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first power supply system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second power supply system according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a third power supply system according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the power supply system shown in FIG. 5;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth power supply system according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth power supply system according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the power supply system shown in FIG. 8;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of COP and a duty ratio of an air conditioner compressor at different outdoor temperatures according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a distributed redundant power supply of an air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating a failure of a precision air conditioner A1-A4 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the fault shown in FIG. 12 after being powered by the power supply method provided by the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 14 is a schematic power supply diagram of the fault illustrated in FIG. 13;
fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a sixth power supply system according to an embodiment of the present application; fig. 16 is a schematic flowchart of a third power supply method according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a seventh power supply system according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the power supply system shown in FIG. 17;
fig. 19 is a schematic diagram illustrating a control method of a power module included in a UPS according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which the power module preferentially uses commercial power;
fig. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of an eighth power supply system according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 21 is a schematic structural diagram of a ninth power supply system according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 22 is a functional schematic diagram of the power supply system of FIG. 21;
fig. 23 is a schematic flowchart of a fourth power supply method according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present application is further described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments of the specification.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a power supply control method, including:
step S110: if the load rate is greater than a preset value when the commercial power is supplied, determining the battery state of the battery;
step S120: and if the battery state indicates that the battery meets the power supply condition, the battery and the commercial power are used for supplying power to the load together.
In the power supply system provided in this embodiment, if the commercial power is in a power supply state, for example, the commercial power is not powered off or the access of the commercial power is normal, the commercial power is preferentially used for supplying power.
The load of the power supply system in the present embodiment is the one having the maximum load; the load rate is the ratio of the load currently in a power consumption state to the available capacity of the system. For example, a load rate of 70% indicates that the load power consumption accounts for 70% of the available capacity.
In this embodiment, if the load factor is greater than the predetermined value and the commercial power is fully used, a large amount of power consumption is generated. In the present embodiment, the preset value may be a preset percentage, for example, 80%, 85%, 75%, or 90%. The value range of the preset value can be 70% to 90%; the specific value can be determined according to the power consumption fluctuation of the load and the type of the load.
In this embodiment, if the power supply system uses the UPS for power supply, the load factor of the UPS can be used as the load factor of the utility power supply, and an electronic device for specially measuring or calculating the load factor is not required; the load rate in step S110 may be the load rate of the UPS.
The load includes, but is not limited to:
an IT load formed by one or more IT devices;
refrigeration load formed by one or more refrigeration devices. The refrigeration equipment includes but is not limited to: fans and/or air conditioners, etc.
There is a certain fluctuation in power consumption of both the IT load and the cooling load. For example, if the IT load is an application server, IT needs to respond to access of a large number of clients during the day; the power consumption of IT loads may be lower at night than during the day, in contrast.
The power consumed by the cooling load may depend on the outdoor temperature and the heat production of the IT load; at the same load factor, when the outdoor temperature is high, the power consumption of the refrigeration load is higher than when the outdoor temperature is low.
Thus, if the load of the power supply system includes both the IT load and the refrigeration load, the total power consumption of the load is also fluctuated; generally, the consumed power of the load is more often between the peak and the valley.
In this embodiment, a preset value is set, and if the load rate is greater than the preset value, it can be considered that the power consumption of the load enters a peak value interval, and the peak clipping processing of the mains supply is required.
In this embodiment, if the load rate is greater than the preset value, the battery state of the battery is preferentially checked; if the battery state of the battery meets the power supply state and indicates that the battery can supply power currently, the electric energy stored in the battery is preferentially utilized to perform compensation power supply of commercial power supply.
The satisfactory power state of the battery state may include at least one of:
the state of charge of the battery meets the power supply condition;
the power supply state of the battery meets the power supply condition.
The state of charge of the battery satisfying the power supply condition includes, but is not limited to, at least one of:
the current capacity of the battery is larger than the preset capacity;
the current capacity ratio of the battery is larger than the preset capacity ratio.
The power supply state of the battery meets the power supply condition, including but not limited to at least one of the following:
the current depth of discharge of the battery is less than the predetermined depth of discharge;
the current power supply current of the battery is not less than a preset current value;
the current power supply voltage of the battery is not less than the preset voltage value.
If the battery state of the battery meets the power supply condition, the battery is suitable for a normal state; at the moment, the battery is used for supplementing the mains supply, so that the peak clipping processing on the mains supply is reduced, the peak clipping can be performed on the peak power consumption of the refrigeration load corresponding to the high outdoor temperature in the daytime, and the operation cost is reduced by using the peak-to-valley power price difference.
The power supply system provided by the embodiment comprises a plurality of power supply modes; for example, if the load rate is smaller than the preset value, the power supply system may be considered to be in a normal power supply mode, and the load is completely supplied with power by the commercial power.
And if the load rate is greater than the preset value when the commercial power is supplied, the power supply system can be considered to enter a peak clipping mode. In this embodiment, the peak clipping mode at least includes a battery peak clipping mode, and the battery peak clipping mode is compensation power supply for the load by using a battery, except for commercial power supply.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the method further comprises:
step S130: if the battery state indicates that the battery does not meet the power supply condition, starting a generator;
step S140: and supplying power to the load by using the generator and the commercial power together.
In this embodiment, if the battery status indicates that the battery does not satisfy the power supply condition, that is, the state of charge of the battery does not satisfy the power supply condition and the power supply status of the battery does not satisfy the power supply condition, the generator is started.
In this embodiment, the power supply mode of the power supply system further includes: generator peak clipping mode. The peak clipping mode of the generator is that the generator supplies power to the load together with the commercial power through the generation of the generator.
The generator in this embodiment may be various power generation devices capable of converting other energy sources into electric energy, for example, a generator that converts chemical energy such as diesel oil into electric energy; for another example, a generator converts clean energy such as solar energy or wind energy into electrical energy.
In the embodiment, if the generator is started when the battery does not meet the power supply condition, the started generator can generate power; the electricity generated by the generator can be directly supplied to the load.
If the generated power of the generator is large enough, the generated power of the generator not only can meet the electric quantity required by the load together with the commercial power, but also has partial surplus, and the surplus electric quantity can be charged to the battery at the moment and stored by utilizing the energy storage function of the battery.
The battery is connected to a UPS or PCS system and the like, and the UPS or PCS system and the like have a Power Factor Correction (PFC) function, so that when the commercial power is supplied and/or the generator generates electricity, the power factor can be close to 1.0 without additional power compensation equipment for reactive compensation.
In some embodiments, the method further comprises:
if the commercial power is in a power supply state and the battery after the power supply of the generator meets the power supply condition, the generator is turned off;
and jointly supplying power to the battery by using the mains electricity and the battery.
In some embodiments, the generator is turned off in time after the battery meets the power supply condition, thereby minimizing unnecessary work of the generator and reducing loss of other energy sources, such as diesel oil.
In some embodiments, the method further comprises:
step S150: charging the battery while supplying power to the load with the generator.
If the battery can meet the power supply state after being charged, the battery and the commercial power can be continuously utilized to supply power to the load; further, the generator may be turned off at this time.
Further, the method further comprises:
determining whether the commercial power is in a power supply state;
if the commercial power is in a non-power supply state, starting the generator;
supplying power to the load with the generator.
In some cases, the commercial power is in a power failure state, or the commercial power is in a non-power supply state when the power line of the current power supply system into which the commercial power is introduced is abnormal. In step 110, the utility power is in a power supply state, and power can be supplied to the load.
In this embodiment, when the commercial power is in a non-power supply state, the amount of power stored in the battery is non-reproducible, and once consumed, the load cannot obtain the amount of power if the amount of power is not replenished in time, so that the stability of the power supply of the load is ensured. In this embodiment, even if the commercial power is in a non-power supply state, the generator is started to supply power to the load by the power generated by the generator, and the stability of the power supply to the load is ensured.
In some embodiments, when the generator generates power, if the power supply power of the current generator alone or the power supply power of the current generator together with the commercial power is greater than the power consumption power of the load, the power is generated, and at this time, the remaining power can be converted into direct current and then stored in the battery, so that the battery is charged.
In some embodiments, the method further comprises: and if the load rate is less than or equal to the preset value, supplying power to the load by using commercial power.
If the load rate is not greater than the preset value, it indicates that the load is not currently in the power consumption peak interval, and is in any interval outside the peak interval, for example, in the valley interval where the power consumption trough is located, the load is completely powered by the commercial power. The peak interval may be: a peak value and an interval between predetermined percentages of the peak value; the valley interval may be: a trough and an interval between specific percentages of the trough.
Further, the method further comprises:
and if the load rate is smaller than the preset value, the battery is charged while the mains supply is used for supplying power to the load.
Because the load rate is smaller than the preset value, the power supply power of the mains supply is residual, and then the battery can be charged by using the residual power, so that the battery can meet the power supply condition when needing to supply power, and the peak clipping and valley filling of the mains supply are realized.
In some embodiments, the method further comprises:
and carrying out distributed redundant power supply on the load. The distributed redundant power supply here includes: and the plurality of groups of power supply modules are used for carrying out backup redundant power supply on the same load. Therefore, when one power supply module in the plurality of power supply modules is abnormal, the rest one or more power supply modules work normally, and normal power supply of the load can be ensured; the backup redundant power supply is realized, and the reliability of power supply is improved.
The load at least comprises a refrigeration load, and in the embodiment, at least a plurality of power supply modules are used for performing backup redundant power supply on the refrigeration load.
One of said power supply modules comprises at least:
at least one line of commercial power supplies and at least one line of batteries supplies power;
and/or
At least one path of commercial power supplies, at least one path of battery supplies power and at least one path of generator supplies power.
Therefore, when the load is powered, the power supply system can be controlled to flexibly select at least one of the commercial power, the battery and the generator to supply power.
Different power supply modules comprise different power supplies of one or more of commercial power, battery and generator. For example, different power supply modules contain different paths of mains power supply; and/or different power supply modules comprise different paths of battery power supplies; and/or different power supply modules comprise different paths of generator power supply and the like.
The aforementioned power supply method in the present embodiment may be applied to each power supply module of the power supply system. When the load rate connected with one power supply module is greater than a preset value and the current mains supply supplies power, the battery of the power supply module is started to assist the mains supply to supply power, and the battery is used for carrying out peak clipping power supply on the mains supply.
As shown in fig. 3, the present embodiment provides a power supply system including:
the commercial power supply interface is used for being connected with commercial power;
the converter is connected with the commercial power supply interface and is used for performing alternating current-direct current conversion;
and the battery is connected with the conversion equipment and is used for supplying power to the load together with the commercial power through the converter when the battery state of the battery meets the power supply condition and the power consumption power of the load is greater than a preset value.
In this embodiment, the mains power supply interface may include: commercial power socket or commercial power access device etc. can be used for inserting the commercial power.
The converter can be used for converting commercial power for alternating current into direct current and charging the battery by using the converted direct current, and also can be used for converting the direct current provided by the battery into alternating current to supply power to a load.
For example, the current transformer includes: a rectifier for converting ac to dc, an inverter for converting dc to ac, and the like. In summary, the converter can realize conversion between alternating current and direct current.
The battery can store electric energy, and meanwhile, when the power consumption power of the load is larger than a preset value, the power supply system enters a battery peak clipping mode, and the electric energy stored by the battery is used for compensating the insufficient power supply of the commercial power, so that the commercial power is compensated.
In this embodiment, the battery may supply power to a UPS or PCS system.
In fig. 3, solid arrows indicate transmission paths of the mains supply for supplying power to the load through the mains interface and the battery for supplying power to the load through the converter; the dashed arrows represent the transmission path of the mains supply through the mains interface via the converter to charge the battery.
In some embodiments, the converter is further configured to convert an alternating current provided by the utility power into a direct current and supply the direct current to the battery when the utility power is supplied and the load factor is smaller than the preset value.
In this embodiment, if the load factor is smaller than the preset value and the commercial power is supplied, the remaining power provided by the commercial power can be used to supply power to the battery, so as to charge the battery. If the current electric quantity of the battery is very high, namely the battery does not need to be further charged, the power supply system can carry out self-adaptive adjustment according to the current required power of the load, so that the electric quantity obtained from the commercial power is reduced.
In some embodiments, the power supply system further comprises:
and the generator is used for generating power by itself when the battery does not meet the power supply condition and supplying power to the load together with the commercial power.
In the embodiment, the generator may be any type of device that can convert other energy into electric energy, for example, a chemical energy generator such as a diesel generator or a gasoline generator, or another clean energy generator such as solar energy or wind energy.
In summary, in the present embodiment, the generator is also connected to the power supply system, and can supply power to the load and/or charge the battery by the power supply of the generator itself.
In some embodiments, if the current commercial power is supplying power and the load rate is higher than the preset value, and the available capacity of the battery does not satisfy the power supply condition, the battery may be over-discharged if the battery is forcibly used for supplying power, so as to damage the battery.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, the power supply system further includes:
a rectifier connected to the generator and the battery, respectively;
the generator is also used for charging the battery through the rectifier.
In this embodiment, the rectifier may be configured to convert ac power generated by the generator into dc power to charge the battery, so that the battery stores electric energy.
As shown in fig. 4, the generator can directly supply the generated electricity to the load; the generator may also charge the battery through the finisher.
In some embodiments, the generator is further configured to enable the commercial power to be in a power supply state and the battery to be turned off after the power supply condition is met after the generator supplies power.
If the generator is not used for generating power after the generator is turned off, and the mains supply is still insufficient at the moment, the power supply system enters a battery peak clipping mode, and the mains supply and the battery are used for supplying power to the load together.
In some embodiments, the generator is further configured to generate power to supply power to the load when the utility power is in a non-power supply state.
Specifically, the battery is an Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) system; or the converter PCS system supplies power.
In this embodiment, the power supply system uses distributed redundant power supply to supply power to the load, specifically at least to supply power to the refrigeration equipment in a distributed redundant manner.
In this embodiment, the power supply system includes a plurality of power supply modules;
specifically, one of the power supply modules at least includes:
at least one line of commercial power supplies and at least one line of batteries supplies power;
and/or
At least one path of commercial power supplies, at least one path of battery supplies power and at least one path of generator supplies power.
Therefore, when the load is powered, the power supply system can be controlled to flexibly select at least one of the commercial power, the battery and the generator to supply power.
Different power supply modules comprise different power supplies of one or more of commercial power, battery and generator. For example, different power supply modules contain different paths of mains power supply; and/or different power supply modules comprise different paths of battery power supplies; and/or different power supply modules comprise different paths of generator power supply and the like.
Several specific examples are provided below in connection with any of the embodiments described above:
example 1:
the power supply system and the power supply method provided by the example aim to improve the available capacity of IT equipment (IT load) and reduce the requirement of a refrigeration load on power grid power. In other words, under the same transformer (power grid commercial power) capacity, the power consumption of the refrigeration load is reduced as much as possible, and the available capacity of the IT load is increased as much as possible.
As shown in fig. 5, the present example provides a power supply system including:
the transformer is used for converting the input voltage of the commercial power into the voltage required by the load;
the generator can be used for self-generating electricity;
switching devices, such as ATS or STS, etc., may be used to automatically switch to conduct the transmission path of the utility power to the load and/or the transmission path of the generator power to the load.
The UPS is connected with the generator and/or the transformer through a common bus;
the IT load and the refrigeration load are both connected to the rear end of the UPS;
loads other than IT loads and refrigeration loads (e.g., office operations loads) may be connected directly to the common bus, powered directly by the output of the generator and/or transformer.
In this example, the premise that the UPS can be used for load peak clipping of the commercial power supply is to use the characteristic that the load dynamically changes due to different times and has a peak in power consumption for a period of time.
The peak clipping and valley filling scheme of the UPS power supply system of the IT load adopts a battery and generator hybrid power supply peak clipping mode. As shown in fig. 6, when the UPS performs peak clipping processing, the UPS receives power supplied by a load equal to (a preset value, for example, 80%) from the utility power interface, and then the battery supplies power to the remaining load, for example, the battery supplies power to the remaining 20% of the load, so that the UPS implements peak clipping of the utility power by using its own battery.
At relatively low load rates (e.g., well below 80%), a portion of the mains supply is provided directly to the load through the UPS's static bypass, and another portion is charged to the battery through a rectifier and battery charger. The load here includes at least a refrigeration load; alternatively, the load here includes at least an IT load; alternatively, the load here includes at least an IT load and a cooling load. The inverter supplies power to a load after the battery provides direct current to alternating current.
Fig. 7 is a management control scheme based on the power supply system shown in fig. 5, in which a control management unit M, such as an electric meter for measurement and an associated relay control loop, is also connected to the UPS connected to the refrigeration load in the power supply system shown in fig. 7; the control management unit may be configured to configure the preset value and control the output of the UPS. For example, the control management unit may perform current sharing such that the UPS input is capable of providing 90% of the load power, with the remaining 10% powered by the UPS's internal battery for peak clipping.
As shown in fig. 8, the present example also provides another power supply system including:
a transformer;
a generator;
a switching device;
a UPS for IT load connection;
and the PCS is connected with the refrigeration load through the PCS converter.
The PCS is also provided with a battery, so that when the commercial power and/or the generator has surplus power besides the power provided for the load, the internal battery of the PCS can be charged through the PCS converter; when the power supply of the commercial power or the generator is not enough to meet the load requirement, the internal battery of the PCS converts the direct current into the alternating current through the PCS converter and then supplies power to the load.
Fig. 9 is an electrical structure diagram of the power supply system shown in fig. 8, in which the PCS monitors the output power of the utility power or the generator, and sets the peak clipping power or current value, for example, 80% of the power is directly supplied to the load, and the remaining 20% of the power is supplied by the internal battery of the PCS for peak clipping. An alternating current-direct current bidirectional converter is arranged in the PCS; the bidirectional converter can convert direct current into alternating current and also can convert alternating current into direct current.
The power consumption of the compressor and other types of equipment of the refrigeration power supply system is influenced by outdoor temperature (the lower the temperature, the higher the efficiency), and the peak clipping electrical design is used.
For refrigeration loads with compressors, such as chillers, power consumption calculations are designed for maximum ambient temperatures, which in practice only last for up to several hours a day. The lower the outdoor temperature is, the more energy is saved under the condition of the same refrigeration load output of the refrigeration equipment. In the example, the peak clipping is performed through the energy sources such as the battery and the generator, and the power consumption requirement on the power grid is reduced. And peak clipping is carried out at the highest temperature in the daytime, the lower temperature in the evening is a low-valley power consumption area of the refrigeration load, and the energy storage battery is charged by utilizing the time.
The low voltage main distribution loop in this example needs to be provided with reactive compensation equipment to correct the power factor (no additional reactive compensation is required in this example) whilst ensuring that the input transformer/mains capacity is not overloaded.
For a refrigeration device of a compressor, such as a chiller, the outdoor temperature may lower the condensation temperature, thereby having a large effect on the power consumption thereof, and fig. 10 is a graph of the efficiency COP of the compressor at different load rates and at different outdoor ambient temperatures.
It can be seen that for example at 100% load (abscissa 1.0), the COP is 3 at an outdoor temperature of 35 c, 3.5 at 30 c and 4.2 at 25 c. If the refrigerating capacity of the refrigerator is 2000kW, the following table 1 can be obtained.
TABLE 1
Since the highest temperature generally occurs at the most intense day of sunshine at noon, if the temperature range of one day is 25 to 35 ℃ and the average temperature is 30 ℃, the difference between the power consumption of the lowest COP and the power consumption of the highest COP is about 200kW as calculated in table 1, and even if the difference between the power consumption corresponding to the average temperature and the power consumption corresponding to the worst temperature is about 100kW as calculated.
In fact, the worst temperatures occur only in the hottest summer months, e.g. a certain day or several days of the 7 and 8 months. In the hottest day, the time of the highest temperature is only a plurality of hours, and the outdoor air temperature falls to a lower level by the morning and evening. The method means that the power consumption of the whole set of refrigeration of the data center is calculated, and the power selection of the generator and the transformer is only the power consumption value corresponding to the short limit temperature within one year according to the extreme meteorological condition. In fact, due to the diurnal temperature difference of outdoor air temperature and the influence of climate change, the power consumption of the refrigeration load is lower than the peak power consumption in most of the time of a day or a period of time. The peak clipping circuit design is used for refrigeration equipment based on the correlation between the outdoor environment temperature and the compressor, the input capacity of commercial power is limited after the power consumption of the equipment exceeds a certain value due to the outdoor environment temperature, and the peak clipping circuit reduces the power demand on a power grid by performing compensation type power supply peak clipping through external energy sources such as a battery/generator and the like.
Similarly, there are time and power consumption variations in the data center IT load, such as daytime working hours, where IT demand is high and device power consumption is high, and at night, the device load is in a light load state. The present example also includes allowing peak clipping of IT devices.
If the power supply system or the power supply method provided by the example is adopted, the following economic benefits are obtained:
peak-to-valley electricity prices are utilized to optimize the electricity cost;
optimizing the capacity design of a transformer, a generator and a distribution switch;
under the capacity of the transformer and the generator, more capacity is used for IT load;
generally, reactive compensation is required to be configured on the output of a transformer of a data center, because a refrigeration load or other loads have no Power Factor Correction (PFC) PFC Power Correction design, so that the Power Factor of a commercial Power is not high, and the Power Factor needs to be improved through reactive compensation (improving the Power Factor is a mandatory requirement of a Power supply bureau and the like).
In this example, by adding an energy storage Power supply such as a UPS or a Power Conversion System (PCS) to the input terminal of the refrigeration load, the Power factor can be increased to approximately 1.0, and the reactive Power compensation design can be eliminated.
For an IT load of a power supply such as a plurality of double power supplies of a data center, the configuration of a UPS is 2N or N + X, wherein N is the capacity number of equipment required by the IT load; x is a positive integer for redundant UPS machine modules. Meanwhile, the capacity of the UPS is often over-allocated in engineering application design, so that the load rate of the UPS does not exceed 90% under the maximum load. In practice, therefore, the UPS is configured with redundancy, while the device has additional capacity. In addition, stranded capacity often occurs when generator configurations take into account safety margins. This example, by utilizing the stranded capacity of the UPS and the stranded capacity of the generator, a peak clipping design of the IT equipment is achieved.
The data center is provided with a generator as a standby power supply when the commercial power fails. Since the refrigeration load is loaded with the motor load, a surge current is generated during starting, and the generator of the data center is usually required to be over-matched to a certain extent, for example, 10% over-matched to meet the surge current without causing the generator to be overloaded and shut down. These over-allocated capacities are not available for most of the time, except when the consumer is turned on. In the example, the peak clipping capability can be further improved by introducing a hybrid power supply mode in which the battery and the generator are matched with the UPS.
Example 2:
this example uses a distributed Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS) circuit design to enable peak power consumption reduction when a single power module failure occurs. The following is an explanation of the current distributed air conditioner power distribution design. In the design of distributed redundancy N + X, when a certain group of power supply modules have faults, only N pieces of equipment normally work, and no redundancy exists.
And the power consumption characteristics of the motor equipment are nonlinear, and the rotating speed of the motor and the power consumption are in a square relation, so that the power consumption of the equipment running part of the load is lower. For example 80% rpm, the power consumption will be reduced by 50% compared to the previous due to the cubic relationship between rpm and power consumption.
In the electrical design of the power supply system, distributed redundant power supply is further adopted for motor equipment such as a precise air conditioner and the like, so that when a group of power supply modules breaks down, a plurality of redundant equipment can still operate, the reliability design is improved, and meanwhile, the power consumption characteristics of the motor are utilized to enable the equipment such as a fan and the like to operate at a lower load rate, so that the peak power consumption is reduced. The refrigeration load shown in fig. 14 includes: the precision air conditioner a1, the precision air conditioner a2, the precision air conditioner A3, the precision air conditioner a4, the precision air conditioner B1, the precision air conditioner B2, the precision air conditioner B3, the precision air conditioner B4, the precision air conditioner C1, the precision air conditioner C2, the precision air conditioner C3, the precision air conditioner C4, the precision air conditioner D1, the precision air conditioner D2, the precision air conditioner D3 and the precision air conditioner D4 provide refrigeration for the IT load located in the main machine room. There are several rows of racks in the main computer room, and various IT devices are installed on the rows of racks.
The air conditioner comprises a precision air conditioner A1, a precision air conditioner A2, a precision air conditioner A3 and a precision air conditioner A4;
the precise air conditioner B1, the precise air conditioner B2, the air conditioner B3 and the precise air conditioner B4 form a group;
the precise air conditioner C1, the precise air conditioner C2, the precise air conditioner C3 and the precise air conditioner C4 form a group;
the precision air conditioner D1, the precision air conditioner D2, the precision air conditioner D3 and the precision air conditioner D4 are another group.
Under normal conditions, 4 groups of air conditioners can be in working states, and redundant equipment runs in a hot standby mode. If any one air conditioner fails, 15 air conditioners work, but if a certain group of power supply modules fails, only 12 air conditioners are left for cooling.
In the present example, as shown in fig. 11, each power distribution module has 4 air conditioners (N, N ≧ the number of power distribution modules (M)), where each power distribution module has M air conditioners distributed to different power distribution modules of other M-1 groups via the ATS.
When a power distribution module fails, such as power distribution module a, the precision air conditioner a1 switches to power distribution module D, a2 switches to power distribution module C, and A3 switches to power distribution module B. At this time, in one main room, the air conditioners may change from the 4 off-line state to the 1 off-line state, as shown in fig. 13.
By adopting the distributed power supply design of the air conditioners, the redundancy can be improved, and the load rate of each air conditioner is reduced, so that the energy is saved by utilizing the nonlinear rotating speed and the power consumption characteristics of the motor load.
Taking the electrical design of the data center in fig. 11 and 14 as an example, when the power distribution system a fails, if the air conditioners are not ATS switched, the corresponding 4 air conditioners will stop operating. In this example, the relevant redundancy relationships at the time of failure are shown in table 2 below:
TABLE 2
The selection of the capacity of each transformer is based on the power consumption of the worst load mode, namely the power consumption of all N-capacity air conditioners when the air conditioners run at 100% when a single power supply module fails. When one power supply module fails, all redundant air conditioners do not work. This example is through carrying out distributed redundant power supply to motor class loads such as precision air conditioner under every power module for even when single power module trouble, 1 air conditioner trouble can furthest improve the redundancy like this and improve whole air conditioner fan efficiency through reducing the load factor of every air conditioner, thereby makes the commercial power utilization ratio improve.
Example 3:
the pure battery energy storage peak clipping is as follows:
as shown in fig. 5, an electrical design diagram of the pure battery energy storage peak clipping system is that a UPS power supply supporting a peak clipping function is added at the front end of a refrigeration load. The principle of peak clipping in a UPS is to limit the input current to the UPS, e.g., 80% in fig. 5, and when the output of the UPS exceeds a preset value at the input of the UPS, the remaining power needs to be discharged from the battery to power the load. The principle of peak clipping in a UPS is understood to be that the UPS sets an upper limit on the input power, and once the output load exceeds the set upper limit, the excess power consumption is compensated by the battery of the UPS.
In the case of an IT load with 2N power supply, as shown in fig. 15, management control can be performed by connecting UPS battery packs with related peak clipping in parallel and by using a battery management system/unit controller, etc., so that redundant battery packs can be effectively utilized and the peak clipping time can be prolonged.
The UPS mode of operation for the refrigeration load is shown in table 3 below.
TABLE 3
The measurement points specifically used to control the UPS mode of operation may be selected from the output of the UPS and the input or load rate of the UPS (both sensors that are self-contained by the manufacturer of the UPS).
The power supply method provided by this example may be specifically as shown in fig. 16:
judging whether the commercial power is on-line (namely judging whether the commercial power is normally supplied); the UPS outputs the power consumed by the current load; the UPS inputs the power provided by the commercial power; the UPS output/UPS input is equal to the load factor.
Whether the UPS output/UPS input exceeds a preset value; if yes, judging whether the battery capacity SOC is larger than a set value or not; if not, entering a UPS super bypass mode, and directly supplying part of the input of the UPS to the load by the UPS and simultaneously storing part of the input of the UPS to an internal battery of the UPS. If so, entering a UPS peak clipping mode, and the UPS compensates and supplies power to the load together with the commercial power.
If not, judging whether the generator is started and switched, if so, performing a UPS super bypass mode, and supplying power to the load by the generator, and/or supplying power to the load by the generator and charging the battery; if not, the UPS is converted in a double mode, and a battery discharging mode is entered, and the battery supplies power.
In a word, the power supply method provided by the example has the advantages that the refrigeration load is supplied with power by the UPS, the requirement of sustainable refrigeration of the data center is met, the design of the cold storage tank is not needed, fewer pipelines are needed, and the management is easier. Because the cooling load is powered by the UPS, the Power Factor (PF) of the commercial power input is close to 1.0, and the traditional design is generally 0.95, which means that more transformer kVA capacity can be effectively changed into KW for use.
Because the refrigeration load uses UPS power supply, through UPS input current limiting soft start mode, reduce because the rush current that produces when mechanical load starts.
Example 4:
if only the battery peak clipping function is available, more batteries need to be configured to realize the peak clipping with larger amplitude or longer time, so that a large amount of initial investment and occupied space are increased. In many data center designs, due to reasons such as operation safety factors, the capacity of a generator is often over-matched, meanwhile, the generator has standby power (ESP), primary power (PRP), Continuous Operation Power (COP) and the like, and the ESP > PRP > COP on the output power. Data centers are often typed using COPs.
This means that the generator can deliver higher power than COP for some time, depending on the performance requirements of PRP and ESP, without affecting the lifetime. The patent in this section is designed to utilize battery and generator hybrid peak clipping to exploit the additional capability of the generator's ESP and PRP to output more power in a given time while performing peak clipping for longer and larger capacities.
As shown in FIG. 15, the IT load is typically powered by dual power sources, and normally, the UPS operates at 50% load because the UPS is in a 2N configuration (N + X, X ≧ 1). Meanwhile, in some application scenarios, the IT load also has a certain time dynamic peak. The UPS provided by this example may support battery clipping.
FIG. 17 is a dual power supply system for a refrigeration load; the two-way UPS is connected to a refrigeration load. FIG. 18 is a specific internal circuit diagram of a dual power supply system for a refrigeration load, UPS-1 and UPS-2, and a manual bypass. A unidirectional power supply path for directly supplying power to the refrigeration load is arranged in the UPS-1 and the UPS-2, and the schematic diagram is that commercial power and a generator supply power to a battery through a finisher and supply power to the refrigeration load through the battery through an inverter.
As shown in FIG. 19, a UPS may be divided into a plurality of power modules, for example, UPS-1 and UPS-2 each have 6 power modules, and UPS-1 has 6 power modules fully loaded; while 2 of the 6 power modules of UPS-2 are fully loaded and the remaining 4 are unloaded.
In the power supply control, the peak clipping can be performed by utilizing the redundant capacity of the generator so as to prolong the peak clipping time and depth. In fact, the peak clipping mode only exists when the UPS is operating with only N capacity, while the load exceeds a preset value (beyond the capacity that the utility can support). Therefore, the UPS system of the IT load performs peak clipping, and if the load is detected to exceed a preset value, the battery discharge is considered for peak clipping, and if the battery capacity is insufficient, the generator is restarted and switched to the generator power supply mode (the time at which the ESP of the generator is required to be able to support the peak load output at the very least). Unlike the switching logic of a conventional ATS, the control logic of the ATS is usually that the utility power is not started after being on-line and switched to the generator for power supply, and in the design of hybrid peak clipping, when the IT load exceeds a rated value (which can be detected by the utility power output or the UPS output) and the remaining capacity of the battery is insufficient, the generator is turned on and switched.
The operating modes under different conditions are shown in table 4:
TABLE 4
Compared with the battery peak clipping design, the battery and generator hybrid peak clipping system is added with the output of the generator corresponding to the additional UPS and the output of the UPS which is powered by the commercial power. Meanwhile, in order to further improve the utilization rate of the batteries, the batteries of the UPS parallel operation system can be connected in parallel for sharing use. Further, a schematic diagram of the electrical system of the refrigeration load is shown in greater detail, as in fig. 18. In FIG. 18, the main bypass of UPS-1 and the static bypass input of UPS-2 are the same source, from the mains supply circuit, while the main circuit of UPS-2 is connected to a separate generator circuit.
Fig. 20 shows another power supply system provided by this example, which includes:
the transformer is used for converting the voltage provided by the commercial power into the voltage required by the power supply system;
a generator for providing power in an emergency;
the switching device can be used for automatically switching, so that the transformer and/or the generator are controlled to be connected to the bus to supply power to the load;
the UPS is directly connected to the bus and used for supplying power to the IT load; another UPS is used to supply power to the refrigeration load.
As shown in fig. 21, the present example provides a power supply system including:
a transformer connected to the commercial power;
a generator;
and the ATS is connected with the transformer and the generator, and the transformer and/or the generator are connected to the bus through switching of the switch of the ATS according to the current power supply requirement.
Two UPSs, one for supplying power to the IT load and the other for supplying power to the refrigeration load. A UPS connected to a refrigeration load is connected to a generator via a Rectifier (Rectifier) so that the generator generates power with excess power in addition to the power to the load and the internal battery of the UPS can be powered via the Rectifier. Fig. 22 is an internal circuit of the power supply system shown in fig. 21.
As shown in the example of FIG. 18, in a normal mode (the refrigeration load level is lower than the preset value) and a power supply mode of a generator with offline mains supply, two UPSs adopt parallel output and operate in a super bypass mode (a super bypass is more energy-saving than a double-conversion online mode and meets the redundancy requirement of at least N + X, X is more than or equal to 1.)
When the refrigeration load exceeds a preset value, the generator is not on line, the capacity of the UPS battery pack exceeds 20% (optional), and the UPS battery peak clipping mode is operated at the moment. In this mode, the inverter of UPS-2 turns off the output, and UPS-1 goes to double conversion mode and starts the battery peak clipping function. The capacity of the UPS-1 meets the N power supply requirement, and the battery is continuously discharged until the DoD reaches a preset value.
And under the battery peak clipping mode, when the capacity of the UPS battery is lower than a preset value or the discharge depth exceeds a preset value, starting to operate the generator peak clipping mode. In this mode, both UPS-1 and UPS-2 operate in dual conversion mode while charging the battery pack. A remote command is sent to start the generator (e.g., a relay signal or a dry contact signal for remote start-up, etc.) via an associated controller. When the normal startup of the generator is detected and the output voltage is normal, the generator supplies power to the main circuit of the UPS-2 because the input switch of the UPS-2 is in the normally closed NC state. The battery pack is now charged simultaneously by the mains and the generator. In the generator peak clipping mode, when the charging capacity of the battery exceeds the rated value (the battery is judged to be fully charged), and the refrigerating load still exceeds the rated value at the moment, the generator peak clipping mode is switched to the battery peak clipping mode.
Further, in the generator peak clipping mode, the power supply module of the UPS-1 which preferentially uses the commercial power supply can be realized by setting the priority of the power supply module of the modular UPS, and the redundant module of the UPS-2 is in the sleep mode. The function is designed as a mains supply priority function and only operates in a generator peak clipping mode. As shown in fig. 19, UPS-2 has 6 power supply modules (there may be X modules, the core is to use the utility power preferentially, reduce the diesel consumption of the generator, and be more economical), of which only 2 are working, and the rest are in the sleep mode, while all the 6 power supply modules of UPS-1 are in the full load state.
The measurement points specifically used to control the UPS mode of operation may be selected from a main power distribution input or a refrigeration load input, and the control logic of which is shown in fig. 23 and includes:
whether the commercial power is on-line or not,
if yes, judging whether the output/refrigeration load of the main inlet wire exceeds a set value or not;
if yes, judging whether the battery capacity SOC is a set value,
if not, starting the generator and the UPS double conversion mode parallel operation output, performing peak clipping on the commercial power and the generator, charging the battery, and starting the commercial power to supply power preferentially;
if so, the UPS battery is in a peak clipping mode, and the battery is discharged;
determining whether the DOD of the battery discharge is less than a set value,
if yes, starting a generator and UPS double conversion mode parallel operation output, performing peak clipping mode on the commercial power and the generator, charging a battery, and starting the commercial power to supply energy preferentially;
if not, the UPS battery is in a peak clipping mode, and the battery is discharged;
if yes, the generator is turned off;
if not, the UPS normal mode (super bypass);
if not, judging whether the generator is started and switched, and if not, judging whether the discharge mode of the UPS battery is switched; if so, UPS normal mode (super bypass). For specific operating parameters such as the power supply mode of the power supply system, see table 5.
TABLE 5
The present embodiment also provides a computer storage medium, in which computer executable code is stored; the computer executable code, when executed, can be used to implement a power supply method provided by one or more of the foregoing technical solutions, for example, the method shown in fig. 3. The computer storage media provided by the present embodiments may be non-transitory storage media.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. The above-described device embodiments are merely illustrative, for example, the division of the unit is only a logical functional division, and there may be other division ways in actual implementation, such as: multiple units or components may be combined, or may be integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not implemented. In addition, the coupling, direct coupling or communication connection between the components shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection between the devices or units may be electrical, mechanical or other forms.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units; some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, all functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each unit may be separately regarded as one unit, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit; the integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, or in a form of hardware plus a software functional unit.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: all or part of the steps for implementing the method embodiments may be implemented by hardware related to program instructions, and the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and when executed, the program performs the steps including the method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: a mobile storage device, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and shall be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (16)
1. A power supply control method, comprising:
if the load rate is greater than a preset value when the commercial power is supplied, determining the battery state of the battery;
and if the battery state indicates that the battery meets the power supply condition, the battery and the commercial power are used for supplying power to the load together.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
if the battery state indicates that the battery does not meet the power supply condition, starting a generator;
and supplying power to the load by using the generator and the commercial power together.
3. The method of claim 2, further comprising:
determining whether the commercial power is in a power supply state;
if the commercial power is in a non-power supply state, starting the generator;
supplying power to the load with the generator.
4. A method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the method further comprises:
charging the battery while supplying power to the load with the generator.
5. The method of claim 4, further comprising:
if the commercial power is in a power supply state and the battery after the power supply of the generator meets the power supply condition, the generator is turned off;
and jointly supplying power to the battery by using the mains electricity and the battery.
6. A method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the method further comprises:
and if the load rate is less than or equal to the preset value, supplying power to the load by using commercial power.
7. The method of claim 4, further comprising:
and if the load rate is smaller than the preset value, the battery is charged while the mains supply is used for supplying power to the load.
8. A power supply system, comprising:
the commercial power supply interface is used for being connected with commercial power;
the converter is connected with the commercial power supply interface and is used for performing alternating current-direct current conversion;
and the battery is connected with the converter and is used for supplying power to the load together with the commercial power through the converter when the battery state of the battery meets the power supply condition and the power consumption power of the load is greater than a preset value.
9. The power supply system according to claim 8,
and the converter is also used for converting alternating current provided by the commercial power into direct current and then supplying power to the battery when the commercial power supplies power and the load rate is smaller than the preset value.
10. The power supply system according to claim 8 or 9, characterized by further comprising:
and the generator is used for generating power by itself when the battery does not meet the power supply condition and supplying power to the load together with the commercial power.
11. The power supply system of claim 10, further comprising:
a rectifier connected to the generator and the battery, respectively;
the generator is also used for charging the battery through the rectifier.
12. The power supply system of claim 11,
the generator is also used for the commercial power is in a power supply state and the battery is closed after meeting the power supply condition after the generator supplies power.
13. The power supply system of claim 10,
the generator is also used for generating power when the commercial power is in a non-power supply state so as to supply power to the load.
14. The power supply system according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the battery is an Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) system; alternatively, a converter PCS system.
15. The power supply system of claim 8 or 9, wherein the power supply system provides distributed redundant power to the load.
16. A computer storage medium having stored thereon computer-executable instructions; the computer-executable instructions, when executed, enable the power supply method provided in any one of claims 1 to 7 to be implemented.
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