CN111622675B - Underground spiral hydraulic mechanical reaming device for coal mine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a coal mine underground spiral hydraulic mechanical reaming device which comprises a drill cavity, a cutter arm cavity and a water valve cavity, wherein a power driving device is arranged in the cutter arm cavity, and a high-low pressure cooling water switching device and a spiral cutter arm device are arranged in the water valve cavity. The outer side of the cutter arm cavity is provided with a pair of spiral cutter arms, the root parts of the spiral cutter arms are provided with cutter arm gear bodies for processing bevel gears, and the cutter arm gear bodies are tightly meshed with a piston sliding sleeve with the same side surface for processing the bevel gears by means of the bevel gears; the high-pressure water pipeline provides high-pressure water to push the piston to move and drive the gear, and the spiral cutter arm can be unfolded under the combined action of the power transmitted by the helical teeth and the high-pressure water; the high-low pressure cooling water switching device can change the water pressure in the device and the opening and closing states of the pipelines. The invention changes the cutter arm structure from the traditional right angle type to the spiral type, improves the power supply mode, can improve the operating efficiency and the reaming efficiency in drilling and expanding engineering, shortens the reaming construction period and improves the gas extraction effect.

Description

Underground spiral hydraulic mechanical reaming device for coal mine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of hydraulic mechanical reaming of coal seams with low air permeability in coal mines, in particular to a screw type hydraulic mechanical reaming device in the coal mines.

Background

Coal always takes the dominant role in the energy structure of China, and along with gradual exhaustion of resources of shallow coal beds of domestic coal mines, deep coal bed exploitation becomes a main form of coal mine production in the future. The deep coal seam in China mostly has the characteristics of high ground stress, high coal seam gas pressure, low coal seam gas permeability, complex pressure condition of a coal seam roof, serious coal and gas outburst disasters and the like, and seriously threatens the safe and efficient production of the coal mine, so that the development trend of adopting coal seam pressure relief, permeability improvement, gas pre-extraction and the like as main preventive measures in the field is determined. At present, a common method for increasing the air permeability of a coal seam is to form a cavity in the coal seam by adopting mechanical equipment and the like, so that Zhou Wei cracks further develop to form more space cracks, such as hydraulic slotting, mechanical reaming and the like; secondly, injecting high-pressure liquid, fracturing and then injecting propping agent to fix the fracture space; thirdly, the fracture volume expansion is extended by coal blasting, gas phase fracturing and the like.

Aiming at coal seam permeability improvement, the method widely used at present is that hydraulic mechanical reaming is carried out after mechanical drilling, and during mechanical reaming, underground high-pressure cooling water is mainly used as power, an expansion cutter arm is used for reaming, and at present, more expansion cutter arms are used, and the expansion cutter arms comprise right angles, lever type cutter arms and hydraulic cutter arms. However, existing reaming devices still have some problems: the cutter arm structure is mostly right-angle cutter arm and leads to the unsuccessful or inefficiency of expanding the sword at initial stage, and high-pressure water injection mode is mostly perpendicular drill spindle and leads to cutting coal rock mass power inadequately, and water pressure power is mostly direct spouting makes the power distribution aspect cause the cutter arm to open the power inadequately. Therefore, the existing reaming device has the adverse effects of time and labor waste, poor reaming effect, even jamming, hole collapse and the like when in actual use, and further influences the permeability improvement effect of the coal bed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems of unreasonable cutter arm structure, poor cutter arm unfolding effect, poor adaptability of a high-pressure water injection mode, uneven water pressure power distribution and the like in the prior art, and provides a coal mine underground spiral hydraulic mechanical reaming device.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

A coal mine underground spiral hydraulic mechanical reaming device comprises a drill cavity, a cutter arm cavity and a water valve cavity, wherein a power driving device is arranged in the cutter arm cavity, and a high-low pressure cooling water switching device and a spiral cutter arm device are arranged in the water valve cavity; the center of the drill bit cavity is provided with a low-pressure water pipeline which penetrates through to a low-pressure water inlet at the tail part of the device, and a water flow side branch is connected with the drill bit cavity and the cutter arm cavity; the device body is provided with a pair of spiral cutter arms for reaming, the root parts of the spiral cutter arms are cutter arm gear bodies with bevel gears, the cutter arms on two sides are tightly meshed with a piston sliding sleeve with the bevel gears which is also processed on a side plane by means of the bevel gears of the gear bodies, and the piston sliding sleeve can move along a fixed track on a sliding sleeve guide rail; the piston sliding sleeve, the second spring, the cutter arm gear body and the processing helical teeth of the two parts are combined into a driving device; the cutter arm cavity is provided with a cutter arm storage tank, the spiral cutter arm is stored in the cutter arm storage tank when in a closed state, so that the device forms a whole, drilling and retracting are convenient, the piston sliding sleeve is pushed to move to the water outlet end limiting body under the action of high-pressure water provided by the high-pressure water pipeline, and the spiral cutter arm is unfolded together by means of high-pressure water sprayed out of the cutter arm storage tank and power transmitted by the helical teeth during the process; the high-pressure water and the low-pressure water are supplied by a high-pressure cooling water switching device and a low-pressure cooling water switching device of the water valve cavity to change the water pressure and the opening and closing of each pipeline, the high-pressure cooling water switching device pushes the piston sliding sleeve to match with the water outlet of the cutter arm storage tank to control the extension of the spiral cutter arm after the preset water pressure is given, and the preset water pressure refers to the lowest water pressure which can enable the spiral cutter arm to be opened to the maximum reaming angle.

The high-low pressure cooling water switching device comprises a valve core base, a valve core and a movable valve groove at the tail end, wherein the valve core base is arranged in a water valve cavity, the water inlet of the valve core base is connected with a low-pressure water inlet and is communicated with a cutter arm cavity, a first spring is arranged on the valve core and is connected with the valve core base and a valve groove drill bit end, the valve groove water inlet is arranged in the center of the valve groove drill bit end, when low-pressure water sprayed out of a tail connecting rod acts on the valve groove, the valve groove is limited in movement due to the reaction force of the first spring, water flows through the valve groove water inlet and enters a low-pressure water pipeline through the valve core base water inlet, when the valve groove bears high water pressure, the first spring contracts to enable the valve core to block the valve groove water inlet, and the valve groove moves towards the drill bit end to open the high-pressure water pipeline.

The driving device comprises a cutter arm cavity water outlet connected with the drill bit cavity, low-pressure water flows through a low-pressure water inlet and is introduced into a low-pressure water pipeline, a high-pressure water pipeline is connected with the cutter arm cavity, a piston sliding sleeve is connected with a water outlet end limiting body through a second spring and is arranged on a sliding sleeve guide rail so as to move along a fixed track, planes on two sides of the piston sliding sleeve act on helical teeth of a cutter arm gear body at the root of a spiral cutter arm under the meshing of helical teeth of the piston sliding sleeve, and the high-pressure water pushes the piston sliding sleeve and is matched with the cutter arm gear body to rotationally control the unfolding and closing of the spiral cutter arm.

The beneficial effects of the invention are: the invention changes the cutter arm structure from the traditional right angle type into the spiral type, and spreads the spiral cutter arm under the combined action of high-pressure water sprayed by the cutter arm storage tank and helical tooth transmission power, thereby improving the operation efficiency and the reaming efficiency in the drilling and reaming integrated engineering application, shortening the reaming construction period, being beneficial to increasing the air permeability of the coal bed and improving the gas extraction effect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an axial sectional view of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the present invention in an axial perspective view in a closed state and in an open state.

The graphic indicia: 1. a drill bit water outlet; 2. a drill bit cavity; 3. a low pressure water line; 4. a water flow side branch; 5. a water outlet end limiting body; 6. a cutter arm cavity water outlet; 7. a second spring; 8. a cutter arm cavity; 9. a piston sliding sleeve; 901. piston sliding sleeve helical teeth; 10. a cutter arm gear body; 1001. bevel gear of the cutter arm gear body; 11. a cutter arm storage tank; 12. a helical cutter arm; 13. sliding sleeve guide rail; 14. a water inlet end limiting body; 15. a low pressure water inlet; 16. a valve core base water inlet; 17. a valve core base; 1701. a valve core; 18. a high pressure water line; 19. a water valve chamber; 20. a first spring; 21. a valve spool inlet port; 22. a valve spool; 23. and (5) a drill rod connector.

Detailed Description

The implementation of the patent of the invention is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1 and 3:

A coal mine underground spiral hydraulic mechanical reaming device comprises a drill cavity 2, a cutter arm cavity 8 and a water valve cavity 19, wherein a power driving device is arranged in the cutter arm cavity 8, and a high-low pressure cooling water switching device and a spiral cutter arm device are arranged in the water valve cavity 19; the center of the drill bit cavity 2 is provided with a low-pressure water pipeline 3, the low-pressure water pipeline 3 penetrates through a low-pressure water inlet 15 at the tail end of the device, and a water flow side branch 4 is connected with the drill bit cavity 2 and the cutter arm cavity 8; a pair of spiral cutter arms 12 for reaming are arranged on the device body side, and the root of each spiral cutter arm 12 is provided with a cutter arm gear body 10 with bevel gears; the cutter arm gear bodies 10 on two sides are tightly meshed with the piston sliding sleeve 9 with bevel gears which are also processed on the side plane by means of bevel gears, and the piston sliding sleeve 9 can move along a fixed track on the sliding sleeve guide rail 13; the piston sliding sleeve 9, the second spring 7, the cutter arm gear body 10 and the processing helical teeth of the two parts are combined into a driving device; the cutter arm cavity 8 is provided with a cutter arm storage tank 11, the spiral cutter arm 12 is accommodated in the cutter arm storage tank 11 when being in a closed state, so that the device forms a whole, drilling and retracting are convenient, the piston sliding sleeve 9 is pushed to the water outlet end limiting body 5 under the action of high-pressure water provided by the high-pressure water pipeline 18, and the spiral cutter arm 12 is unfolded together by means of high-pressure water sprayed by the cutter arm storage tank 11 and helical gear transmission power during the process; the high-pressure water and the low-pressure water are supplied by the high-pressure cooling water and low-pressure cooling water switching device of the water valve cavity 19 to change the water pressure and the opening and closing of each pipeline, the high-pressure cooling water and low-pressure cooling water switching device pushes the piston sliding sleeve 9 to match with the water outlet of the cutter arm storage tank 11 to control the extension of the spiral cutter arm 12 after the preset water pressure is given, and the preset water pressure refers to the lowest water pressure which enables the spiral cutter arm 12 to be opened to the maximum reaming angle.

The high-low pressure cooling water switching device comprises a valve core base 17, a valve core 1701 and a movable valve groove 22 at the lower end in a water valve cavity, wherein the valve core base water inlet 16 is connected with a low-pressure water inlet 15 and is communicated with a cutter arm cavity, a first spring 20 is arranged on the valve core 1701, the first spring 20 is connected with the valve core base 17 and the drill end of the valve groove 22, the center of the drill end of the valve groove 22 is provided with a valve groove water inlet 21, when low-pressure water sprayed by a tail connecting rod acts on the valve groove 22, the valve groove 22 is limited in movement due to the reaction force of the first spring 20, water flows through the valve groove water inlet 21 and enters a low-pressure water pipeline 3 through the valve core base water inlet 16, when the valve groove 22 bears high water pressure, the first spring 20 contracts to enable the valve core 1701 to block the valve groove water inlet 21, and the valve groove 22 moves towards the drill end and opens the high-pressure water pipeline 18.

The low-pressure waterway flow, namely that the water pressure does not reach the preset reaming water pressure, only meets the drilling slag discharging requirement; the low-pressure water is sprayed into the tail part of the device from the drill rod connector 23, acts on the valve groove 22, is limited by the reaction force of the first spring 20, enters the water valve cavity 19 through the valve groove water inlet 21, flows to the low-pressure water inlet 15 through the valve core base water inlet 16 of the valve core base 17, and is conveyed to the drill rod at the drill bit end along the low-pressure water pipeline 3 to supply cooling water required by drilling.

The high-pressure waterway flow is that the water pressure reaches the preset reaming water pressure to meet the requirements of opening reaming and continuously providing cooling water required by a drill rod at the drill bit end; the high-pressure water is sprayed into the tail part of the device from the drill rod connector 23 and acts on the valve groove 22, the reaction force of the first spring 20 is insufficient to resist the high-pressure water flow, the valve groove 22 moves to the valve core base 17, and meanwhile, the valve core 1701 seals the water inlet of the valve groove; because the valve slot 22 moves, a water inlet at the tail end of the high-pressure water passage 18 which is originally blocked by the outer wall of the valve slot 22 is opened to form a passage, the high-pressure water flows through the high-pressure water passage 18 to fill the whole cutter arm cavity 8, and most of the high-pressure water flows are flushed out of the device from the cutter arm storage tank 11 when the cutter expansion is completed; the water pressure of the water in the other small part is reduced to low-pressure water flow, and the water flows through the water flow side branch 4 to enter the low-pressure water pipeline 3 through the water outlet 6 of the cutter arm cavity, so that cooling water required by drilling is continuously supplied.

The driving device comprises a cutter arm cavity water outlet 6, a cutter arm cavity 8 and a drill bit cavity 2 are connected, low-pressure water flows through a low-pressure water inlet 15 and is introduced into a low-pressure water pipeline 3, a high-pressure water pipeline 18 is connected with the cutter arm cavity 8, a piston sliding sleeve 9 and a water outlet end limiting body 5 are connected by a second spring 7 and are arranged on a sliding sleeve guide rail 13 so as to move along a fixed track, two side planes of the piston sliding sleeve 9 act on inclined teeth 1001 of a cutter arm gear body 10 at the root of a spiral cutter arm 12 under the meshing of inclined teeth 901 of the piston sliding sleeve, and the high-pressure water pushes the piston sliding sleeve 9 and is matched with the cutter arm gear body 10 to rotationally control the unfolding and closing of the spiral cutter arm 12.

Claims (1)

1. A coal mine underground spiral hydraulic mechanical reaming device comprises a drill cavity, a cutter arm cavity and a water valve cavity, wherein a power driving device is arranged in the cutter arm cavity, and a high-low pressure cooling water switching device and a spiral cutter arm device are arranged in the water valve cavity; the center of the drill bit cavity is provided with a low-pressure water pipeline which penetrates through to a low-pressure water inlet at the tail end of the device, and a water flow side branch is connected with the drill bit cavity and the cutter arm cavity; the two sides of the device are provided with a pair of spiral cutter arms for reaming, the root parts of the spiral cutter arms are cutter arm gear bodies with bevel gears, the cutter arms at the two sides are tightly meshed with a piston sliding sleeve with the bevel gears which are also machined on a side plane by means of the bevel gears of the gear bodies, the piston sliding sleeve can move up and down on a sliding sleeve guide rail, and the piston sliding sleeve, a second spring, the cutter arm gear bodies and the machined bevel gears of the two parts are combined to form a driving device; the cutter arm cavity is provided with a cutter arm storage tank, the spiral cutter arm is stored in the cutter arm storage tank when in a closed state, so that the device forms a whole, drilling and retracting are convenient, the piston sliding sleeve is pushed to the water outlet end limiting body under the action of high-pressure water provided by the high-pressure water pipeline, and the spiral cutter arm is unfolded together by means of high-pressure water sprayed out of the cutter arm storage tank and power transmitted by the helical teeth during the process; the high-pressure water and the low-pressure water are supplied by a high-pressure cooling water switching device and a low-pressure cooling water switching device of a water valve cavity to change the water pressure and the opening and closing of each pipeline, the high-pressure cooling water switching device pushes a piston sliding sleeve to match with the water outlet of a cutter arm storage tank to control the extension of a spiral cutter arm after the preset water pressure is given, and the preset water pressure refers to the lowest water pressure which can enable the spiral cutter arm to be opened to the maximum reaming angle; the high-low pressure cooling water switching device comprises a valve core base, a valve core and a movable valve groove at the lower end, wherein the valve core base is arranged in a water valve cavity, the water inlet of the valve core base is connected with a low pressure water inlet and is communicated with a cutter arm cavity, a first spring is arranged on the valve core and is connected with the valve core base and the valve groove drill end, the valve groove water inlet is arranged in the center of the valve groove drill end, when low pressure water sprayed out of a tail connecting rod acts on the valve groove, the valve groove is limited in movement due to the reaction force of the first spring, water flows through the valve groove water inlet and enters a low pressure water pipeline through the valve core base water inlet, when the valve groove bears high water pressure, the first spring contracts to enable the valve core to block the valve groove water inlet, and the valve groove moves towards the drill end to open the high pressure water pipeline; the driving device comprises a water flow side branch connected with the cutter arm cavity and the drill bit cavity, low-pressure water flows through a low-pressure water inlet and is led into a low-pressure water pipeline, a high-pressure water pipeline is connected with the cutter arm cavity, a piston sliding sleeve is connected with a water outlet end limiting body through a second spring and is arranged on a sliding sleeve guide rail so as to move along a fixed track, planes on two sides of the piston sliding sleeve act on helical teeth of a cutter arm gear body at the root of a spiral cutter arm under the meshing of helical teeth of the piston sliding sleeve, and the high-pressure water pushes the piston sliding sleeve and is matched with the cutter arm gear body to rotationally control the unfolding and closing of the spiral cutter arm.