CN111580310B - Liquid crystal lens, manufacturing method thereof and display device - Google Patents
Liquid crystal lens, manufacturing method thereof and display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111580310B CN111580310B CN202010560414.5A CN202010560414A CN111580310B CN 111580310 B CN111580310 B CN 111580310B CN 202010560414 A CN202010560414 A CN 202010560414A CN 111580310 B CN111580310 B CN 111580310B
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- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 218
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 122
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 210000002858 crystal cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 acryloyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002059 diagnostic imaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
- G02F1/13378—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation
- G02F1/133784—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation by rubbing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
- G02F1/13378—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation
- G02F1/133788—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation by light irradiation, e.g. linearly polarised light photo-polymerisation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1339—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides a liquid crystal lens, a manufacturing method thereof and a display device. The liquid crystal lens comprises two substrates which are oppositely arranged and liquid crystal molecules positioned between the two substrates; the substrate comprises a first alignment layer and a second alignment layer of the substrate, the material of the second alignment layer is polymerized by self-alignment liquid crystal material, and the self-alignment liquid crystal material comprises liquid crystal molecules and polymerizable monomers; the first alignment layers of the two substrates are aligned in a same direction, the second alignment layers are aligned in different directions from the first alignment layers, and orthographic projections of the second alignment layers of the two substrates on a plane parallel to the substrate are overlapped with each other. The first alignment layer can be subjected to alignment treatment during manufacturing, and the second alignment layer is formed by utilizing illumination after alignment, so that the patterned second alignment layers in the two substrates can be completely overlapped, a liquid crystal disorder area in the liquid crystal lens is avoided, and the optical effect of the liquid crystal lens is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of liquid crystal lenses, in particular to a liquid crystal lens, a manufacturing method thereof and a display device.
Background
Compared with the traditional glass lens, the liquid crystal lens has the advantages of changeable focus, small volume, thin thickness, long service life and the like. The liquid crystal lens can be influenced by an electric field in a period of tens of milliseconds so as to change the focus position, and has great application potential in many aspects such as monitoring, beam shaping and steering, illumination, adaptive optics, medical imaging and the like.
The liquid crystal lens generally comprises two substrates, each provided with an alignment layer, for example, a fresnel liquid crystal lens, and the alignment layer in each substrate comprises a plurality of first alignment regions having concentric annular shapes and a second alignment region located between two adjacent first alignment regions, and the alignment of the first alignment regions and the alignment of the second alignment regions are different. In the process of alignment, the first alignment area of one substrate and the first alignment area of the other substrate are not completely overlapped, so that liquid crystal molecules in the area which is not overlapped are disordered, and the effect of the liquid crystal lens is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims at the defects of the prior art, and provides a liquid crystal lens, a manufacturing method thereof and a display device, which are used for solving the technical problem that in the liquid crystal lens in the prior art, a first alignment area of one substrate and a second alignment area of the other substrate cannot be completely overlapped, so that liquid crystal molecules in the overlapped area are disordered.
In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a liquid crystal lens including two oppositely disposed substrates, a sealant bonded between the two substrates, and liquid crystal molecules sealed between the two substrates by the sealant; the substrate comprises a substrate, a first alignment layer positioned on one side of the substrate close to the other substrate, and a second alignment layer positioned on one side of the first alignment layer away from the substrate, wherein the second alignment layer comprises a plurality of concentric rings, the centers of the concentric rings are positioned on a main optical axis of the liquid crystal lens, adjacent concentric rings are separated from each other so that the liquid crystal molecules positioned in a region between the adjacent concentric rings are in contact with the first alignment layer, and the material of the second alignment layer is polymerized by self-alignment liquid crystal materials, and the self-alignment liquid crystal materials comprise the liquid crystal molecules and polymerizable monomers; the first alignment layers of the two substrates are aligned in a same direction, the second alignment layers are aligned in a different direction from the first alignment layers, and orthographic projections of the second alignment layers of the two substrates on a plane parallel to the substrate are mutually overlapped.
Optionally, the angle between the orientation of each of the concentric rings in the second alignment layer and the orientation of the first alignment layer is 90 °.
Optionally, at least part of the concentric rings in the second alignment layer include at least two annular alignment areas coinciding with the centers of the concentric rings, in the direction pointing from the center of the second alignment layer to the periphery, the included angle between the orientation of the annular alignment areas and the orientation of the first alignment layer is gradually increased, and the included angle between the orientation of each annular alignment area and the orientation of the first alignment layer is 0-90 degrees.
Optionally, the substrate further comprises an electrode layer between the substrate and the first alignment layer.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a display device, where the display device includes the liquid crystal lens described above.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal lens, where the method for manufacturing a liquid crystal lens includes:
providing a substrate and forming a liquid crystal cell, wherein the liquid crystal cell comprises two oppositely arranged substrates, a sealant adhered between the two substrates, and a self-alignment liquid crystal material sealed between the two substrate substrates by the sealant, and the self-alignment liquid crystal material comprises liquid crystal molecules and polymerizable monomers; before or after the liquid crystal box is formed, forming a first alignment layer on one side of the two substrates, which are close to each other, respectively, wherein the first alignment layers formed on the two substrates are consistent in orientation;
and carrying out local irradiation on the liquid crystal box by adopting ultraviolet light under a first power, so that the part of the self-alignment liquid crystal material irradiated by the ultraviolet light is subjected to polymerization reaction to form second alignment layers on one side, close to each other, of the two first alignment layers respectively, wherein the second alignment layers comprise a plurality of concentric rings, the centers of the concentric rings are positioned on the principal optical axis of the liquid crystal lens, adjacent concentric rings are mutually contacted with each other so that liquid crystal molecules positioned in the area between the adjacent concentric rings are in contact with the first alignment layers, and the orientations of the two second alignment layers are consistent and different from those of the first alignment layers.
Optionally, the manufacturing method of the liquid crystal lens further comprises the following steps: after the second alignment layer is formed, the liquid crystal cell is comprehensively irradiated with ultraviolet light at a second power, which is less than the first power, to consume the remaining polymerizable monomer.
Optionally, before or after forming the liquid crystal cell, forming first alignment layers on sides of the two substrates that are close to each other, respectively, including: forming a layer of alignment material on one side of the substrate before forming the liquid crystal cell, and performing illumination or directional rubbing on the alignment material to form the first alignment layer; or when the liquid crystal box is formed, the liquid crystal box is comprehensively irradiated with ultraviolet light at a third power so that the polymerizable monomers are polymerized to form the first alignment layers on the sides, close to each other, of the two substrates respectively, and the polarization direction of the ultraviolet light at the third power is perpendicular to the orientation of the first alignment layers.
Optionally, the angle between the orientation of the second alignment layer and the orientation of the first alignment layer is 90 °; locally illuminating the liquid crystal cell with ultraviolet light at a first power, comprising: and controlling the polarization direction of the ultraviolet light with the first power irradiating the liquid crystal box by using a mask plate to form the second alignment layer, wherein the polarization direction of the ultraviolet light is perpendicular to the orientation of the second alignment layer.
Optionally, each concentric ring in the second alignment layer includes at least two annular alignment areas coinciding with the center of the concentric ring, in the direction pointing from the center of the second alignment layer to the surrounding, the included angle between the orientation of the annular alignment areas and the orientation of the first alignment layer is gradually increased, and the included angle between the orientation of each annular alignment area and the orientation of the first alignment layer is 0-90 degrees; locally illuminating the liquid crystal cell with ultraviolet light at a first power, comprising: controlling the ultraviolet light of the first power to irradiate the liquid crystal box in a first polarization direction by using a first mask plate so as to form a first annular alignment area in concentric rings in the second alignment layer, wherein the first polarization direction is perpendicular to the orientation of the first annular alignment area; and using a second mask plate to control the ultraviolet light with the first power to irradiate the liquid crystal box in a second polarization direction so as to form a second annular alignment area in the concentric ring in the second alignment layer, wherein the second polarization direction is perpendicular to the orientation of the second annular alignment area.
Optionally, the manufacturing method of the liquid crystal lens further comprises the following steps: before forming the first alignment layer, an electrode layer is formed on one side of the substrate close to the first alignment layer.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application has the beneficial technical effects that:
according to the liquid crystal lens, the manufacturing method and the display device thereof provided by the embodiment of the application, each substrate in the liquid crystal lens comprises the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer with different alignment with the first alignment layer, when the liquid crystal lens is manufactured, after the two substrates are combined, the patterned second alignment layer is formed on the first alignment layer by taking self-aligned liquid crystal as a raw material by utilizing illumination, so that the patterned second alignment layers in the two substrates can be completely overlapped, a liquid crystal disorder area in the liquid crystal lens is avoided, and the diffraction effect of the liquid crystal lens is improved.
Additional aspects and advantages of the application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the application.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the application will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a liquid crystal lens according to the prior art;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal lens according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic top view of a substrate in a liquid crystal lens according to an embodiment of the application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another liquid crystal lens according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of area A of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is another partial enlarged view of area A of FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a diffraction effect of a Fresnel liquid crystal lens according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal lens according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 9 is a process flow chart of step S1 in the manufacturing method of the liquid crystal lens shown in FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a process flow chart of step S2 in the manufacturing method of the liquid crystal lens shown in FIG. 8;
FIG. 11 is a process flow chart of step S3 in the manufacturing method of the liquid crystal lens shown in FIG. 7;
fig. 12 is a flowchart of another method for manufacturing a liquid crystal lens according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 13 is a process flow chart of step S4 in the manufacturing method of the liquid crystal lens shown in FIG. 12;
fig. 14 is a schematic top view of a mask according to an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals:
1-a substrate; 11-a substrate; 12-an electrode layer; 13-a first alignment layer; 14-a second alignment layer; 141-concentric rings; 1411-a circular alignment region; 14' -a second alignment material;
2-liquid crystal molecules; RM-polymerizable monomer;
3-sealing glue;
4-mask plate; 41-a light shielding region; 42-light transmission area.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in detail below, examples of embodiments of the application are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar components or components having the same or similar functions throughout. Further, if detailed description of the known technology is not necessary for the illustrated features of the present application, it will be omitted. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the application.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs unless defined otherwise. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless expressly stated otherwise, as understood by those skilled in the art. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. The term "and/or" as used herein includes all or any element and all combination of one or more of the associated listed items.
The liquid crystal lens has wide application in the display field, and is particularly suitable for portable equipment such as three-dimensional displays, mobile phone imaging systems, wearable displays, VR equipment, unmanned aerial vehicles and the like.
As shown in fig. 1, a liquid crystal lens generally includes two substrates 1, liquid crystal molecules 2 between the two substrates 1, and a sealant 3 for bonding the two substrates 1. Each substrate 1 is provided with an alignment layer, since the alignment layers 13 in both substrates 1 each include the first alignment region 131 and the second alignment region 132, in order to ensure a good diffraction effect of the liquid crystal lens, it should be ensured that the first alignment region 131 in one substrate 1 and the first alignment region 131 of the other substrate 1 are completely aligned, and the second alignment region 132 in one substrate 1 and the second alignment region 132 of the other substrate 1 are completely aligned.
As shown in fig. 1, in the actual substrate alignment process, there is usually an alignment error of 3 μm to 8 μm between two substrates 1, and the width of the concentric ring at the outermost periphery of most fresnel liquid crystal lenses is in the range of 3 μm to 20 μm, which makes it easy to produce in the fresnel liquid crystal lens produced a region where the first alignment region 131 (second alignment region 132) of one substrate 1 is not overlapped with the first alignment region 131 (second alignment region 132) of the other substrate 1, and the alignment of liquid crystal molecules in these non-overlapped regions is often disordered, which may seriously affect the effect of the liquid crystal lens.
The application provides a liquid crystal lens, a manufacturing method thereof and a display device, and aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art.
The following describes the technical scheme of the present application and how the technical scheme of the present application solves the above technical problems in detail with specific embodiments.
The embodiment of the application provides a liquid crystal lens, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the liquid crystal lens provided by the embodiment comprises two oppositely arranged substrates 1, a sealant 3 adhered between the two substrates 1, and liquid crystal molecules 2 sealed between the two substrates 1 by the sealant 3;
the substrate 1 comprises a substrate 11, a first alignment layer 13 positioned on one side of the substrate 11 close to the other substrate 1, and a second alignment layer 14 positioned on one side of the first alignment layer 13 far from the substrate 11, wherein the second alignment layer 14 comprises a plurality of concentric rings 141, the centers of the concentric rings 141 are positioned on the main optical axis of the liquid crystal lens, the adjacent concentric rings 141 are separated from each other so that liquid crystal molecules positioned in the area between the adjacent concentric rings 141 are in contact with the first alignment layer 13, and the material of the second alignment layer 141 is polymerized by self-alignment liquid crystal material, wherein the self-alignment liquid crystal material comprises liquid crystal molecules and polymerizable monomers;
the first alignment layers 13 of the two substrates 1 are aligned in a uniform manner, the second alignment layers 14 are aligned in a different manner from the first alignment layers 13, and the orthographic projections of the second alignment layers 14 of the two substrates 1 on a plane parallel to the substrate 11 overlap each other.
In the liquid crystal lens provided in this embodiment, each substrate includes the first alignment layer 13 and the second alignment layer 14 having a different alignment with the first alignment layer 13, when manufacturing, the first alignment layer 13 may be subjected to alignment treatment first, after the two substrates 1 are aligned, the patterned second alignment layer 14 is formed on the first alignment layer 13 by using self-aligned liquid crystal as a raw material by using illumination, so as to ensure that the patterned second alignment layers 14 in the two substrates 1 can be completely overlapped, avoiding the existence of a liquid crystal disorder region in the liquid crystal lens, and thereby improving the diffraction effect of the liquid crystal lens.
The polymerizable monomer may be an acryloyloxy group-containing polymerizable monomer or a methacryloyloxy group-containing polymerizable monomer, and when the self-aligned liquid crystal is irradiated with light of a specific parameter, the polymerizable monomer in the self-aligned liquid crystal is polymerized to form a thin film capable of interacting with the liquid crystal molecules 2, thereby allowing the liquid crystal molecules 2 to be aligned in a predetermined direction. That is, after the two substrates 1 are aligned, the second alignment layer 14 having a specific pattern can be obtained by local illumination.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 4, in the liquid crystal lens provided in this embodiment, the substrate 1 further includes an electrode layer 12 located between the substrate 11 and the first alignment layer 13. In this embodiment, the electrode layer 12 is provided to control the rotation of the liquid crystal molecules, thereby adjusting the focal length and light transmission of the liquid crystal lens.
When the liquid crystal lens of the present embodiment does not include the electrode layer, the liquid crystal lens may be regarded as a fresnel lens with a fixed focal length and a fixed dimming parameter.
In the fresnel liquid crystal lens provided in this embodiment, the concentric rings 141 in the second alignment layer 14 may be designed differently, which will be described in detail below.
In some specific embodiments, as shown in fig. 5, in the liquid crystal lens of this embodiment, the angle between the orientation of each concentric ring 141 in the second alignment layer 14 and the orientation of the first alignment layer 13 is 90 °.
In this embodiment, please refer to fig. 5 and 7, each concentric ring 141 in the second alignment layer 14 has the same orientation and is perpendicular to the orientation of the first alignment layer 13, so that polarized light can only pass through the area where the second alignment layer 14 is located or the area where the first alignment layer 13 is located between the concentric rings 141 of the second alignment layer 14 by the alignment of the first alignment layer 13 and the second alignment layer 14, thereby realizing the diffraction effect of the fresnel lens; when a voltage is applied to the electrode layer 12, the rotation state of the liquid crystal molecules 3 in the liquid crystal lens can be changed to adjust parameters such as the focal length of the liquid crystal lens, and polarized light can be transmitted through the entire liquid crystal lens by applying a voltage to the electrode layer 12.
In other alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 6, at least part of the concentric rings 141 in the second alignment layer 14 includes at least two annular alignment regions 1411 coinciding with the centers of the concentric rings 141, the orientation of the annular alignment regions 1411 gradually increasing with the orientation of the first alignment layer 13 in a direction pointing around from the center of the second alignment layer 14, and the orientation of each annular alignment region 1411 being at an angle of 0 ° to 90 ° with the orientation of the first alignment layer 13.
For example, as shown in fig. 6, in one particular embodiment, four annular alignment regions 1411 are included in each concentric ring 141 in the second alignment layer 14, the four annular alignment regions 1411 being oriented at 0 °, 30 °, 60 °, and 90 ° angles, respectively, from the orientation of the first alignment layer 13 in a direction pointing circumferentially from the center of the second alignment layer 14. Of course, the number of annular alignment areas 1411 included in each concentric ring 141 and the angle between the orientation of each annular alignment area 1411 and the orientation of the first alignment layer 13 may also be designed according to the specific use requirements of the liquid crystal lens.
It should be noted that, each annular alignment region 1411 included in the concentric ring 141 of the second alignment layer 14 shown in fig. 6 may be regarded as one zone of the fresnel lens, and the width of each annular alignment region 1411 also corresponds to the zone width of the corresponding position of the fresnel lens.
In the fresnel liquid crystal lens provided in this embodiment, at least part of the concentric rings 141 in the second alignment layer 14 are divided into a plurality of ring alignment areas 1411, and the angle between the orientation of each ring alignment area 1411 and the orientation of the first alignment layer 13 is controlled, so that the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules by the first alignment layer 13 and the second alignment layer 14 can be better transited, and a better optical effect can be achieved.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present application further provides a display device, which includes the liquid crystal lens in the above embodiment, and has the beneficial effects of the liquid crystal lens in the above embodiment, which is not described herein again.
Specifically, the display device may be a three-dimensional display, a wearable display device, a VR (Virtual Reality) display device, and a camera used in a mobile phone imaging system, an unmanned aerial vehicle, and the like.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the application also provides a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal lens, as shown in fig. 8, where the method for manufacturing a liquid crystal lens provided in the embodiment includes:
s1: the substrates are provided and a liquid crystal cell is formed, as shown in fig. 10, the liquid crystal cell comprising two oppositely disposed substrates 11, a sealant 3 bonded between the two substrates 11, and a self-aligning liquid crystal material sealed between the two substrates 11 by the sealant 3, the self-aligning liquid crystal material comprising liquid crystal molecules 2 and a polymerizable monomer RM.
S2: before or after forming the liquid crystal cell, first alignment layers are formed on the sides of the two substrates which are close to each other, respectively, and the first alignment layers formed on the two substrates are aligned uniformly.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, a layer of alignment material is formed on one side of the substrate 11 before forming the liquid crystal cell, and the alignment material is irradiated with light or rubbed in an oriented manner to form the first alignment layer 13. Specifically, the material of the first alignment layer 13 may be a photo-alignment material or an erasable alignment material, for example, a layer of photo-alignment polyimide may be formed on the substrate 11, and the layer of photo-alignment polyimide is processed by using an illumination manner to form the first alignment layer 13; alternatively, a layer of erasable polyimide may be formed on the substrate 11, and the layer of erasable polyimide is subjected to directional rubbing to form the first alignment layer 13.
In another specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 10, after the liquid crystal cell is formed, the liquid crystal cell is irradiated with ultraviolet light at a third power to polymerize the polymerizable monomer RM to form the first alignment layers 13 on the sides of the two substrates 11 adjacent to each other, respectively, and the polarization direction of the ultraviolet light at the third power is perpendicular to the orientation of the first alignment layers 13.
The polymerizable monomer RM may be an acryloyloxy group-containing polymerizable monomer or a methacryloyloxy group-containing polymerizable monomer, and when the self-aligned liquid crystal is irradiated with light of a specific parameter, the polymerizable monomer in the self-aligned liquid crystal is polymerized to form a thin film capable of interacting with the liquid crystal molecules 2, thereby orderly aligning the liquid crystal molecules 2 in a predetermined direction.
S3: the liquid crystal cell is locally irradiated with ultraviolet light under a first power to polymerize a portion of the self-aligned liquid crystal material irradiated with ultraviolet light to form second alignment layers on sides of the two first alignment layers, which are adjacent to each other, respectively, as shown in fig. 11 and 3, the second alignment layer 14 includes a plurality of concentric rings 141 having centers on a principal optical axis of the liquid crystal lens, adjacent concentric rings 141 being in contact with each other such that liquid crystal molecules 2 of a region between the adjacent concentric rings are in contact with the first alignment layer 13, and the alignment of the two second alignment layers 14 is identical and different from that of the first alignment layer 13.
As shown in fig. 11, the liquid crystal cell is partially irradiated with ultraviolet light UV1 of a first power, so that the polymerizable monomers RM in the self-aligned liquid crystal material in the region irradiated with the ultraviolet light UV1 are polymerized to form patterned second alignment layers 14, and the second alignment layers 14 are oriented differently from the first alignment layers 13.
The polymerizable monomer RM in the self-aligned liquid crystal material of the non-irradiated region is not polymerized so that the liquid crystal molecules 2 of the non-irradiated region are orderly aligned in accordance with the alignment of the first alignment layer 13.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 11, the liquid crystal box after involution is put into an ultraviolet irradiation device, the liquid crystal box is heated to 5-30 ℃ above the liquid crystal clearing point by using a machine table of the ultraviolet irradiation device, for example, the machine table is heated for 20 s-2 min to heat the substrate 1 to 100-120 ℃; the above-mentioned ultraviolet irradiation apparatus irradiates the liquid crystal cell locally with high-intensity polarized ultraviolet light, for example, 365nm polarized ultraviolet light irradiates the liquid crystal cell locally for 20s to 200s at a power of 30 to 300mw to form the patterned second alignment layer 14.
According to the manufacturing method of the liquid crystal lens, after the first alignment layer 13 is formed on each substrate 11, the patterned second alignment layer 14 is formed on the first alignment layer 13 by taking self-alignment liquid crystal as a raw material through illumination, so that the patterned second alignment layers 14 in the two substrates 1 can be completely overlapped, a liquid crystal disorder area in the liquid crystal lens is avoided, and the diffraction effect of the liquid crystal lens is improved.
The embodiment of the application also provides another method for manufacturing a liquid crystal lens, as shown in fig. 12, where the method for manufacturing a liquid crystal lens includes steps S1 to S3 in the method for manufacturing a liquid crystal lens, and further includes:
s4: after forming the patterned second alignment layer 14, the cell is blanket irradiated with ultraviolet light at a second power, less than the first power, to consume the remaining polymerizable monomer RM.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 13, the liquid crystal cell is irradiated with the low intensity unpolarized ultraviolet light on the whole, for example, the liquid crystal cell is irradiated with 3 to 15mw for 5 to 60 minutes, so that the remaining polymerizable monomer RM can be efficiently consumed. Proved by verification, the liquid crystal box is irradiated for 5 to 60 minutes with the power of 3 to 15mw, and the residue of the polymerizable monomer RM is less than 0.2 percent.
The manufacturing method of the liquid crystal lens provided by the embodiment has the beneficial effects that the manufacturing method of the liquid crystal lens in the embodiment is adopted, the liquid crystal box is comprehensively irradiated by ultraviolet light UV2 with second power, the rest polymerizable monomer RM can be consumed, and the reliability of the liquid crystal lens is improved.
Specifically, referring to fig. 4 and 3, the patterned second alignment layer 14 includes a plurality of concentric rings, the centers of which are located on the principal optical axis of the fresnel lens, and the angle between the orientation of the second alignment layer 14 and the orientation of the first alignment layer 13 is 90 °. The step S3 in the method for manufacturing a liquid crystal lens provided in this embodiment includes:
the polarization direction of the ultraviolet light of the first power irradiating the liquid crystal cell is controlled by using the mask plate 4 to form a patterned second alignment layer 14, and the polarization direction of the ultraviolet light is perpendicular to the orientation of the second alignment layer 14.
Specifically, the polymerizable monomer RM irradiated with ultraviolet polarized light can be polymerized into the second alignment layer 14 oriented perpendicular to the polarization direction of the ultraviolet polarized light, and therefore, it is necessary to control the polarization direction of ultraviolet light so that the orientation of the polymerized second alignment layer 14 is perpendicular to the orientation of the first alignment layer.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 14, the mask plate 4 is a metal wire grid polarizer, and the metal wire grid polarizer includes a plurality of light shielding regions 41 arranged in concentric rings and a light transmitting region 42 located between the light shielding regions 41, and the metal wire grid polarizer can transmit polarized light parallel to the polarization direction of the metal wire grid polarizer.
As shown in FIG. 14, in designing the metal wire grid polarizer, the radius of each concentric circle constituting the annular light shielding region 41 of the metal wire grid polarizer should be designed according to the specific parameters of the liquid crystal lens to be formedWherein r is j The radius of the j concentric circles is arranged in the direction from the center to the periphery, wherein the value range of j is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and j can be the maximum value according to the specific design of the liquid crystal lens; f is the focal length of the liquid crystal lens; lambda is the center wavelength of the polarized light.
As shown in fig. 14, specifically, if the radius R of the liquid crystal lens to be formed is 20mm, the focal length f is 20mm, and the liquid crystal lens is applied to a liquid crystal lens having a center wavelength λ of 560nm, the formula is given as followsCan calculate r 1 ＝105.83μm，r 2 ＝149.67μm，r 3 ＝183.3μm，r 4 The width of the two light-shielding regions 41 closest to the center in the direction from the center to the periphery is d = 211.66 μm 1 ＝r 2 -r 1 ＝43.84μm，d 2 ＝r 4 -r 3 ＝28.36μm。
As can be seen from the above calculation, the width of each light shielding region 41 can be sequentially calculated according to the above formula, and the corresponding metal wire grid polarizer can be designed according to the width of each light shielding region 41.
Specifically, referring to fig. 4 and 6, the liquid crystal lens is a fresnel lens, at least part of the concentric rings 141 in the patterned second alignment layer 14 includes at least two annular alignment areas 1411 coinciding with the centers of the concentric rings 141, the included angle between the orientation of the annular alignment areas 1411 and the orientation of the first alignment layer 13 is gradually increased in the direction pointing from the center of the second alignment layer 14 to the surrounding direction, and the included angle between the orientation of each annular alignment area 1411 and the orientation of the first alignment layer 13 is 0 ° to 90 °. The step S3 in the method for manufacturing a liquid crystal lens provided in this embodiment includes:
using a first mask plate, controlling ultraviolet light of a first power to irradiate the liquid crystal box in a first polarization direction so as to form a first annular alignment area in concentric rings 141 in a patterned second alignment layer, wherein the first polarization direction is perpendicular to the orientation of the first annular alignment area;
the liquid crystal cell is irradiated with ultraviolet light of the first power in a second polarization direction using the second mask to form a second annular alignment region in concentric rings 141 in the patterned second alignment layer 14, the second polarization direction being perpendicular to the orientation of the second annular alignment region.
It should be noted that, the number of annular alignment areas formed by each concentric ring in the second alignment layer 14 is the number of times of irradiation of the ultraviolet light UV1 with the first power, and in this process, only the polarization direction of the ultraviolet light needs to be adjusted and the corresponding mask plate needs to be replaced. The embodiment also provides a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal lens, referring to fig. 4, the method further includes: before forming the first alignment layer 13, an electrode layer 12 is formed on a side of the substrate 11 close to the first alignment layer 13.
It should be noted that the electrode layers 12 in the two substrates 1 in the liquid crystal lens may be the same, that is, a transparent conductive layer with the entire surface covered on the substrate, and when driving, an electric field may be formed between the two substrates 1 by giving different voltages to the electrode layers 12 in the two substrates 1, so as to drive at least part of the liquid crystal molecules 2 to rotate, thereby enabling polarized light to pass through the entire surface of the liquid crystal lens.
Of course, the electrode layers 12 in the two substrates 1 in the liquid crystal lens may be different, that is, the electrode layer in one substrate 1 is a transparent conductive layer covered on the substrate, and the electrode layer in the other substrate 1 may be patterned to better control the electric field of a local area in the liquid crystal lens, so as to better control the rotation of the liquid crystal molecules 2 in each area, and further obtain better light efficiency.
By applying the embodiment of the application, at least the following beneficial effects can be realized:
according to the liquid crystal lens, the manufacturing method and the display device thereof provided by the embodiment of the application, each substrate in the liquid crystal lens comprises the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer with different alignment with the first alignment layer, when the liquid crystal lens is manufactured, after the two substrates are combined, the patterned second alignment layer is formed on the first alignment layer by taking self-aligned liquid crystal as a raw material by utilizing illumination, so that the patterned second alignment layers in the two substrates can be completely overlapped, a liquid crystal disorder area in the liquid crystal lens is avoided, and the diffraction effect of the liquid crystal lens is improved.
Those of skill in the art will appreciate that the various operations, methods, steps in the flow, acts, schemes, and alternatives discussed in the present application may be alternated, altered, combined, or eliminated. Further, other steps, means, or steps in a process having various operations, methods, or procedures discussed herein may be alternated, altered, rearranged, disassembled, combined, or eliminated. Further, steps, measures, schemes in the prior art with various operations, methods, flows disclosed in the present application may also be alternated, altered, rearranged, decomposed, combined, or deleted.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the present application and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.
The terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the description of the present specification, a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowcharts of the figures are shown in order as indicated by the arrows, these steps are not necessarily performed in order as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not strictly limited in order and may be performed in other orders, unless explicitly stated herein. Moreover, at least some of the steps in the flowcharts of the figures may include a plurality of sub-steps or stages that are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, the order of their execution not necessarily being sequential, but may be performed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of the other steps or stages.
The foregoing is only a partial embodiment of the present application, and it should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present application, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present application.
Claims (11)
1. A liquid crystal lens comprising two oppositely disposed substrates, a sealant bonded between the two substrates, and liquid crystal molecules sealed between the two substrates by the sealant;
the substrate comprises a substrate, a first alignment layer positioned on one side of the substrate close to the other substrate, and a second alignment layer positioned on one side of the first alignment layer away from the substrate, wherein the second alignment layer comprises a plurality of concentric rings, the centers of the concentric rings are positioned on a main optical axis of the liquid crystal lens, adjacent concentric rings are separated from each other so that the liquid crystal molecules positioned in a region between the adjacent concentric rings are in contact with the first alignment layer, the second alignment layer is formed by polymerizing polymerizable monomers in self-oriented liquid crystal materials, the self-oriented liquid crystal materials comprise the liquid crystal molecules and the polymerizable monomers, and the polymerizable monomers are ultraviolet light polymerization materials;
the first alignment layers of the two substrates are aligned in a same direction, the second alignment layers are aligned in a different direction from the first alignment layers, and orthographic projections of the second alignment layers of the two substrates on a plane parallel to the substrate are mutually overlapped.
2. The lc lens of claim 1 wherein an angle between an orientation of each of the concentric rings in the second alignment layer and an orientation of the first alignment layer is 90 °.
3. The liquid crystal lens according to claim 1, wherein at least part of the concentric rings in the second alignment layer comprise at least two annular alignment areas which are coincident with the centers of the concentric rings, the included angle between the orientation of the annular alignment areas and the orientation of the first alignment layer is gradually increased in the direction pointing to the surrounding from the center of the second alignment layer, and the included angle between the orientation of each annular alignment area and the orientation of the first alignment layer is 0-90 degrees.
4. A liquid crystal lens according to any one of claim 1 to 3,
the substrate further includes an electrode layer between the substrate and the first alignment layer.
5. A display device comprising the liquid crystal lens according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal lens, comprising:
providing a substrate and forming a liquid crystal cell, the liquid crystal cell comprising two oppositely disposed substrates, a sealant bonded between the two substrates, and a self-aligning liquid crystal material sealed between the two substrates by the sealant, the self-aligning liquid crystal material comprising liquid crystal molecules and polymerizable monomers;
before or after the liquid crystal box is formed, forming a first alignment layer on one side of the two substrates, which are close to each other, respectively, wherein the first alignment layers formed on the two substrates are consistent in orientation;
and locally irradiating the liquid crystal box with ultraviolet light under a first power to enable the polymerizable monomers in the self-alignment liquid crystal material irradiated by the ultraviolet light to be subjected to polymerization reaction so as to respectively form second alignment layers on one side, close to each other, of the two first alignment layers, wherein the second alignment layers comprise a plurality of concentric rings, the centers of the concentric rings are positioned on the main optical axis of the liquid crystal lens, adjacent concentric rings are mutually positioned so that the liquid crystal molecules positioned in the area between the adjacent concentric rings are in contact with the first alignment layers, and the orientations of the two second alignment layers are consistent and different from those of the first alignment layers.
7. The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal lens according to claim 6, further comprising: after the second alignment layer is formed, the liquid crystal cell is comprehensively irradiated with ultraviolet light at a second power, which is less than the first power, to consume the remaining polymerizable monomer.
8. The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal lens according to claim 6, wherein forming a first alignment layer on a side where two of the substrates are close to each other before or after forming the liquid crystal cell, respectively, comprises:
forming a layer of alignment material on one side of the substrate before forming the liquid crystal cell, and performing illumination or directional rubbing on the alignment material to form the first alignment layer; or alternatively
And in the process of forming the liquid crystal box, carrying out overall irradiation on the liquid crystal box by ultraviolet light with third power so as to enable the polymerizable monomers to carry out polymerization reaction, and forming the first alignment layers on the two sides of the substrates, which are close to each other, respectively, wherein the polarization direction of the ultraviolet light with the third power is perpendicular to the orientation of the first alignment layers.
9. The method of any one of claims 6-8, wherein an angle between the orientation of the second alignment layer and the orientation of the first alignment layer is 90 degrees;
locally illuminating the liquid crystal cell with ultraviolet light at a first power, comprising:
and controlling the polarization direction of the ultraviolet light with the first power irradiating the liquid crystal box by using a mask plate to form the second alignment layer, wherein the polarization direction of the ultraviolet light is perpendicular to the orientation of the second alignment layer.
10. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein each concentric ring in the second alignment layer includes at least two annular alignment areas overlapping with the center of the concentric ring, an included angle between the orientation of the annular alignment areas and the orientation of the first alignment layer is gradually increased in a direction pointing around from the center of the second alignment layer, and the included angle between the orientation of each annular alignment area and the orientation of the first alignment layer is 0 ° to 90 °.
Locally illuminating the liquid crystal cell with ultraviolet light at a first power, comprising:
controlling the ultraviolet light of the first power to irradiate the liquid crystal box in a first polarization direction by using a first mask plate so as to form a first annular alignment area in concentric rings in the second alignment layer, wherein the first polarization direction is perpendicular to the orientation of the first annular alignment area;
and using a second mask plate to control the ultraviolet light with the first power to irradiate the liquid crystal box in a second polarization direction so as to form a second annular alignment area in the concentric ring in the second alignment layer, wherein the second polarization direction is perpendicular to the orientation of the second annular alignment area.
11. The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal lens according to any one of claims 6 to 8, further comprising:
before forming the first alignment layer, an electrode layer is formed on one side of the substrate close to the first alignment layer.
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